AIM:To investigate the effects of shortening the duration of silicone oil tamponade on retinal structure and function in patients undergoing silicone oil removal(SOR)after surgery for primary rhegmatogenous retinal de...AIM:To investigate the effects of shortening the duration of silicone oil tamponade on retinal structure and function in patients undergoing silicone oil removal(SOR)after surgery for primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment(RRD).METHODS:A total of 58 eligible patients were enrolled and randomly assigned to two groups based on tamponade duration:the short-term group(30-45d)and the conventional group(≥90d).Comprehensive evaluations were performed before and after SOR,including slitlamp examination,best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA)measurement,intraocular pressure(IOP)testing,optical coherence tomography(OCT),optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA),microperimetry,electroretinography(ERG),and visual evoked potential(VEP)assessment.RESULTS:A total of 33 patients(23 males and 10 females;33 eyes)were enrolled in the short-term SO tamponade group with mean age of 52.45±9.35y,and 25 patients(15 males and 10 females;25 eyes)were enrolled in the conventional SO tamponade group with mean age of 50.80±12.06y.Compared with the conventional group,the short-term silicone oil tamponade group had a significantly lower incidence of silicone oil emulsification and cataract progression,with no significant difference in retinal reattachment success rate.Structurally,short-term tamponade was associated with increased thickness of the retinal ganglion cell layer(RGCL)in the nasal and superior macular regions and improved recovery of superficial retinal vascular density in these areas.Functionally,the shortterm group showed better BCVA and retinal sensitivity both before and 1mo after SOR;additionally,the P100 amplitude in VEP tests was significantly increased in this group.CONCLUSION:Shortening the duration of silicone oil tamponade effectively reduces damage to retinal structure and function without compromising the success rate of retinal reattachment in patients with primary RRD.展开更多
Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder-related optic neuritis involves various cellular responses to inflammation and degeneration.In most patients,the primary mechanism underlying neuromyelitis optica spectrum disord...Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder-related optic neuritis involves various cellular responses to inflammation and degeneration.In most patients,the primary mechanism underlying neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder-related optic neuritis is the interaction of aquaporin-4 antibodies with the aquaporin-4 protein present on astrocytes within posterior optic nerve.This binding subsequently initiates a cascade of events leading to secondary demyelination of the optic nerve,ultimately culminating in optic nerve degeneration.Earlier studies on this disorder primarily used systemic-induced animal models,which often require prior activation of a systemic immune response.This can result in primary demyelination of the optic nerve,complicating the interpretation of experimental results.Such methodologies hinder the ability to isolate immune responses triggered by specific antibodies.Additionally,the lack of a detailed profile of disease progression over time limits our capacity to identify potential intervention windows.Therefore,constructing a targeted optic neuritis animal model induced by specific antibodies and elucidate the disease progression arecrucial for exploring the mechanisms underlying neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder-related optic neuritis.In this study,specific antibodies against aquaporin-4 were precisely injected into the retrobulbar optic nerve of mice to induce a targeted inflammatory response in the posterior optic nerve,resulting in a more representative mouse model of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder-related optic neuritis than current models.The progression of the disease was then dynamically observed from both histological and functional perspectives over the course of 1 month following the induction of inflammation.By the first week,astrocytes were damaged,as evidenced by the loss of aquaporin-4 and glial fibrillary acidic protein,the activation of microglia,and the upregulation of microglia-related cytokines,including tumor necrosis factor,interleukin-6,interleukin-1β,C-X-C motif ligand 10,and brain-derived neurotrophic factor.Starting from the second week,there were signs of optic nerve demyelination and significant damage to axonal fibers and retinal ganglion cell bodies.Visual-evoked potentials and dark adaptation threshold responses in electroretinogram both indicated dysfunction in the visual pathway and retina,while optical coherence tomography revealed thinning of the retinal nerve fiber layer in live mice.In summary,in this study we conducted a dynamic exploration of the occurrence and progression of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder-related optic neuritis triggered by specific antibodies.Our results show pathological changes at various stages and correlate histological and molecular alterations with in vivo structural and functional deterioration.The findings from this study lay an important foundation for further research on neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder-related optic neuritis.展开更多
Background:A great body of evidence suggests that there are retinal functional and structural changes that occur in Alzheimer’s disease(AD).However,whether such changes are primary or secondary remains to be elucidat...Background:A great body of evidence suggests that there are retinal functional and structural changes that occur in Alzheimer’s disease(AD).However,whether such changes are primary or secondary remains to be elucidated.We studied a range of retinal functional and structural parameters in association with AD-specific pathophysiological markers in the double transgenic APP/PS1 and control mice across age.Methods:Electroretinogram(ERG)and optical coherence tomography(OCT)was performed in APP/PS1 and wild type(WT)control mice every 3 months from 3 to 12 months of age.For functional assessment,the a-and b-wave of the ERG,amplitude of oscillatory potentials(OP)and the positive scotopic threshold response(pSTR)were quantified at each time point.For structural assessment,the inner and outer retinal thickness was segmented and measured from OCT scans.Episodic memory was evaluated at 6,9 and 12 months of age using the novel object recognition test.Amyloid beta(Aβ)distribution in the hippocampus and the retina were visualised at 3,6 and 12 months of age.Interand intra-group analysis was performed to study rate of change for each parameter between the two groups.Results:Inter-group analysis revealed a significant difference in b-wave and OPs of APP/PS1 compared to WT controls starting from 3 months(p<0.001).There was also a significant difference in the amplitude of pSTR between the two groups starting from 6 months(p<0.001).Furthermore,a significant difference in the inner retinal thickness,between the two groups,was observed starting from 9 months(p<0.001).Conclusions:We observed an age-related decline in retinal functional and structural parameters in both APP/PS1 and WT controls,however,inter-group analysis revealed that inner retinal functional and structural decline is exacerbated in APP/PS1 mice,and that retinal functional changes precede structural changes in this strain.Further studies are required to confirm whether such phenomenon occurs in humans and if studying retinal functional changes can aid-in early assessment of AD.展开更多
基金Supported by the Key Science&Technology Project of Guangzhou(No.202103000045)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82070972,No.82271093).
文摘AIM:To investigate the effects of shortening the duration of silicone oil tamponade on retinal structure and function in patients undergoing silicone oil removal(SOR)after surgery for primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment(RRD).METHODS:A total of 58 eligible patients were enrolled and randomly assigned to two groups based on tamponade duration:the short-term group(30-45d)and the conventional group(≥90d).Comprehensive evaluations were performed before and after SOR,including slitlamp examination,best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA)measurement,intraocular pressure(IOP)testing,optical coherence tomography(OCT),optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA),microperimetry,electroretinography(ERG),and visual evoked potential(VEP)assessment.RESULTS:A total of 33 patients(23 males and 10 females;33 eyes)were enrolled in the short-term SO tamponade group with mean age of 52.45±9.35y,and 25 patients(15 males and 10 females;25 eyes)were enrolled in the conventional SO tamponade group with mean age of 50.80±12.06y.Compared with the conventional group,the short-term silicone oil tamponade group had a significantly lower incidence of silicone oil emulsification and cataract progression,with no significant difference in retinal reattachment success rate.Structurally,short-term tamponade was associated with increased thickness of the retinal ganglion cell layer(RGCL)in the nasal and superior macular regions and improved recovery of superficial retinal vascular density in these areas.Functionally,the shortterm group showed better BCVA and retinal sensitivity both before and 1mo after SOR;additionally,the P100 amplitude in VEP tests was significantly increased in this group.CONCLUSION:Shortening the duration of silicone oil tamponade effectively reduces damage to retinal structure and function without compromising the success rate of retinal reattachment in patients with primary RRD.
基金The study was partially supported by the General Research Fund(GRF)from the Research Grants Council(RGC)of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region,China,No.15103522(to ST)the Internal Research Grant from the Hong Kong Polytechnic University 2021-23,No.P0035512(to ST)and P0035375(to HHLC)+1 种基金the Innovation and Technology Commission of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region(ITC InnoHK CEVR Project)The Hong Kong Polytechnics University Research Center for Sharp Vision,No.P0039595.
文摘Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder-related optic neuritis involves various cellular responses to inflammation and degeneration.In most patients,the primary mechanism underlying neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder-related optic neuritis is the interaction of aquaporin-4 antibodies with the aquaporin-4 protein present on astrocytes within posterior optic nerve.This binding subsequently initiates a cascade of events leading to secondary demyelination of the optic nerve,ultimately culminating in optic nerve degeneration.Earlier studies on this disorder primarily used systemic-induced animal models,which often require prior activation of a systemic immune response.This can result in primary demyelination of the optic nerve,complicating the interpretation of experimental results.Such methodologies hinder the ability to isolate immune responses triggered by specific antibodies.Additionally,the lack of a detailed profile of disease progression over time limits our capacity to identify potential intervention windows.Therefore,constructing a targeted optic neuritis animal model induced by specific antibodies and elucidate the disease progression arecrucial for exploring the mechanisms underlying neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder-related optic neuritis.In this study,specific antibodies against aquaporin-4 were precisely injected into the retrobulbar optic nerve of mice to induce a targeted inflammatory response in the posterior optic nerve,resulting in a more representative mouse model of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder-related optic neuritis than current models.The progression of the disease was then dynamically observed from both histological and functional perspectives over the course of 1 month following the induction of inflammation.By the first week,astrocytes were damaged,as evidenced by the loss of aquaporin-4 and glial fibrillary acidic protein,the activation of microglia,and the upregulation of microglia-related cytokines,including tumor necrosis factor,interleukin-6,interleukin-1β,C-X-C motif ligand 10,and brain-derived neurotrophic factor.Starting from the second week,there were signs of optic nerve demyelination and significant damage to axonal fibers and retinal ganglion cell bodies.Visual-evoked potentials and dark adaptation threshold responses in electroretinogram both indicated dysfunction in the visual pathway and retina,while optical coherence tomography revealed thinning of the retinal nerve fiber layer in live mice.In summary,in this study we conducted a dynamic exploration of the occurrence and progression of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder-related optic neuritis triggered by specific antibodies.Our results show pathological changes at various stages and correlate histological and molecular alterations with in vivo structural and functional deterioration.The findings from this study lay an important foundation for further research on neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder-related optic neuritis.
基金OS and SMG are supported by a National Health and Medical Research Council-Australian Research Council Dementia research fellowshipThis work was supported by a Mason Foundation project grant.
文摘Background:A great body of evidence suggests that there are retinal functional and structural changes that occur in Alzheimer’s disease(AD).However,whether such changes are primary or secondary remains to be elucidated.We studied a range of retinal functional and structural parameters in association with AD-specific pathophysiological markers in the double transgenic APP/PS1 and control mice across age.Methods:Electroretinogram(ERG)and optical coherence tomography(OCT)was performed in APP/PS1 and wild type(WT)control mice every 3 months from 3 to 12 months of age.For functional assessment,the a-and b-wave of the ERG,amplitude of oscillatory potentials(OP)and the positive scotopic threshold response(pSTR)were quantified at each time point.For structural assessment,the inner and outer retinal thickness was segmented and measured from OCT scans.Episodic memory was evaluated at 6,9 and 12 months of age using the novel object recognition test.Amyloid beta(Aβ)distribution in the hippocampus and the retina were visualised at 3,6 and 12 months of age.Interand intra-group analysis was performed to study rate of change for each parameter between the two groups.Results:Inter-group analysis revealed a significant difference in b-wave and OPs of APP/PS1 compared to WT controls starting from 3 months(p<0.001).There was also a significant difference in the amplitude of pSTR between the two groups starting from 6 months(p<0.001).Furthermore,a significant difference in the inner retinal thickness,between the two groups,was observed starting from 9 months(p<0.001).Conclusions:We observed an age-related decline in retinal functional and structural parameters in both APP/PS1 and WT controls,however,inter-group analysis revealed that inner retinal functional and structural decline is exacerbated in APP/PS1 mice,and that retinal functional changes precede structural changes in this strain.Further studies are required to confirm whether such phenomenon occurs in humans and if studying retinal functional changes can aid-in early assessment of AD.
