Understanding wetland change is critical to establishing and implementing international conservation and management conventions.With such knowledge,supporting sustainable development,making management decisions,improv...Understanding wetland change is critical to establishing and implementing international conservation and management conventions.With such knowledge,supporting sustainable development,making management decisions,improving policies,and conducting scientific research become possible.However,consistent information on changes in Chinese wetlands has been unavailable.We applied the hybrid object-based and hierarchical classification approach to∼53,000 scenes of Landsat images acquired between 1980 and 2020 and created a national wetland mapping product(China_Wetlands)for six periods(e.g.,1980,1990,2000,2010,2015,and 2020).China_Wetlands revealed diverse changes in Chinese wetlands and their trajectories in response to climate change and human impacts over the past four decades.Specifically,there was a substantial shrinkage in wetland area before 2015,with a small rebound between 2015 and 2020.The net loss was∼60.9×10^(3)km^(2),which represents 12%of the area in 1980.However,the loss of natural wetlands was hidden by human-made wetland gain with an offset of 15.6×10^(3)km^(2).Additionally,the expansion of surface water extent approximately 14.0×10^(3)km^(2)obscured the loss of vegetated wetlands.Wetland loss in hotspot areas(e.g.,Sanjiang Plain and Yangtze River Delta)should not be neglected.The sustainable management and effective conservation of wetlands in China should target wetland areas,landscape structures,and small wetlands delivering important ecosystem services.Moreover,the conversion of wetland types and the invasion of alien species need to be monitored and regulated.China_Wetlands will be a critical wetland dataset for ecological research and the assessment of national and global environmental objectives(e.g.,the United Nation’s sustainable development goals).展开更多
While society pays more attention to people's mental health,there are not sufficient studies on the restorative effects of blue-green spaces on that of special groups of people under seasonal variations.Based on f...While society pays more attention to people's mental health,there are not sufficient studies on the restorative effects of blue-green spaces on that of special groups of people under seasonal variations.Based on field works and following the route of restorative effects,analytic discussions,and planning implications,this study examines and compares the restorative effects of blue-green spaces on the elderly's mental health under seasonal variations and explores the relations among spaces,behaviors,and restorative effects from the spatial-behavioral perspective.It divides the restorative effects of blue-green spaces on mental health into the two categories of cognitive recovery and emotional improvement and verifies the restorative effects of ten spatial factors and four behavioral factors through digital span tests and emotional tests.The study indicates that throughout a year,blue-green spaces consistently exhibit restorative effects on the elderly's mental health,which are stronger in both cognitive recovery and emotional improvement in non-winter seasons rather than winter.In terms of spatial factors,vegetations or evergreen vegetations exhibit the strongest effects regardless of seasonal variations.Ice and snow sculptures rank second in winter,followed respectively by structures in cognitive recovery and water bodies in emotional improvement;while in non-winter seasons,water accessibility,structures,and water bodies rank in succession.Among the spatial factors that are supportive to behaviors,the length of main pathways exhibits the strongest,while the area of plazas shows the smallest,and water bodies always show significant effects no matter their size.In terms of behavioral factors,the duration of stay shows the strongest effects in cognitive recovery in all seasons,while social attribute and exercise intensity show remarkable effects on emotional improvement in winter and the duration of stay and social attribute in non-winter seasons.The purpose of behaviors shows no significance in term of restorative effects.Furthermore,this study reveals that the restorative effects of behavioral factors vary significantly under different spatial factors and provides planning suggestions to facilitate behaviors through optimizing spatial factors.展开更多
Methods: 80 patients with anterior teeth defect (80 teeth) were selected from June 2018 to June 2020. The patients were randomly divided into two groups, 40 patients in each group (40 teeth). The control group was tre...Methods: 80 patients with anterior teeth defect (80 teeth) were selected from June 2018 to June 2020. The patients were randomly divided into two groups, 40 patients in each group (40 teeth). The control group was treated with conventional composite resin, while the observation group was treated with aesthetic composite resin layered plasticization. The success rate, satisfaction score, periodontal health status, pink aesthetic index (PES) score and complications occurred. Results: the success rate of repair in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (95%vs75%) (χ26.275, P 0.012 < 0.05). the satisfaction scores at the completion of repair and 3 months after repair were higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). Three months after restoration, the number of periodontal health related indicators in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in PES scores between the two groups before treatment (P > 0.05). The PES scores of the two groups were significantly higher at 12 and 24 months after treatment than before treatment (P < 0.05). The PES scores of the observation group were higher than those of the control group at 12 and 24 months after treatment (P < 0.05). After 2 years of follow-up, the observation group had complications such as prosthesis cutting, prosthesis discoloration, exogenous coloring, tooth sensitivity, while the control group had complications such as filling loss, pulpitis, dental caries, prosthesis discoloration, exogenous coloring, etc. The incidence of complications in the observation group (20%vs25%) was lower than that in the control group, but the difference was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Conclusion: the aesthetic composite resin layered plasticizing technique has the advantages of high success rate, high satisfaction and good periodontal health. It is superior to the conventional composite resin restoration technique and is worthy of clinical promotion.展开更多
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42222103,42171379,and 42101379)the Open Research Program of the International Research Center of Big Data for Sustainable Development Goals(CBAS2023ORP04)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of Chinese Academy of Sciences(2017277).
文摘Understanding wetland change is critical to establishing and implementing international conservation and management conventions.With such knowledge,supporting sustainable development,making management decisions,improving policies,and conducting scientific research become possible.However,consistent information on changes in Chinese wetlands has been unavailable.We applied the hybrid object-based and hierarchical classification approach to∼53,000 scenes of Landsat images acquired between 1980 and 2020 and created a national wetland mapping product(China_Wetlands)for six periods(e.g.,1980,1990,2000,2010,2015,and 2020).China_Wetlands revealed diverse changes in Chinese wetlands and their trajectories in response to climate change and human impacts over the past four decades.Specifically,there was a substantial shrinkage in wetland area before 2015,with a small rebound between 2015 and 2020.The net loss was∼60.9×10^(3)km^(2),which represents 12%of the area in 1980.However,the loss of natural wetlands was hidden by human-made wetland gain with an offset of 15.6×10^(3)km^(2).Additionally,the expansion of surface water extent approximately 14.0×10^(3)km^(2)obscured the loss of vegetated wetlands.Wetland loss in hotspot areas(e.g.,Sanjiang Plain and Yangtze River Delta)should not be neglected.The sustainable management and effective conservation of wetlands in China should target wetland areas,landscape structures,and small wetlands delivering important ecosystem services.Moreover,the conversion of wetland types and the invasion of alien species need to be monitored and regulated.China_Wetlands will be a critical wetland dataset for ecological research and the assessment of national and global environmental objectives(e.g.,the United Nation’s sustainable development goals).
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51978192)Jilin Provincial Social Science Foundation(2024C69)Scientific and Technological Research Project of Education Department of Jilin Province(JJKH20251002KJ)。
文摘While society pays more attention to people's mental health,there are not sufficient studies on the restorative effects of blue-green spaces on that of special groups of people under seasonal variations.Based on field works and following the route of restorative effects,analytic discussions,and planning implications,this study examines and compares the restorative effects of blue-green spaces on the elderly's mental health under seasonal variations and explores the relations among spaces,behaviors,and restorative effects from the spatial-behavioral perspective.It divides the restorative effects of blue-green spaces on mental health into the two categories of cognitive recovery and emotional improvement and verifies the restorative effects of ten spatial factors and four behavioral factors through digital span tests and emotional tests.The study indicates that throughout a year,blue-green spaces consistently exhibit restorative effects on the elderly's mental health,which are stronger in both cognitive recovery and emotional improvement in non-winter seasons rather than winter.In terms of spatial factors,vegetations or evergreen vegetations exhibit the strongest effects regardless of seasonal variations.Ice and snow sculptures rank second in winter,followed respectively by structures in cognitive recovery and water bodies in emotional improvement;while in non-winter seasons,water accessibility,structures,and water bodies rank in succession.Among the spatial factors that are supportive to behaviors,the length of main pathways exhibits the strongest,while the area of plazas shows the smallest,and water bodies always show significant effects no matter their size.In terms of behavioral factors,the duration of stay shows the strongest effects in cognitive recovery in all seasons,while social attribute and exercise intensity show remarkable effects on emotional improvement in winter and the duration of stay and social attribute in non-winter seasons.The purpose of behaviors shows no significance in term of restorative effects.Furthermore,this study reveals that the restorative effects of behavioral factors vary significantly under different spatial factors and provides planning suggestions to facilitate behaviors through optimizing spatial factors.
文摘Methods: 80 patients with anterior teeth defect (80 teeth) were selected from June 2018 to June 2020. The patients were randomly divided into two groups, 40 patients in each group (40 teeth). The control group was treated with conventional composite resin, while the observation group was treated with aesthetic composite resin layered plasticization. The success rate, satisfaction score, periodontal health status, pink aesthetic index (PES) score and complications occurred. Results: the success rate of repair in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (95%vs75%) (χ26.275, P 0.012 < 0.05). the satisfaction scores at the completion of repair and 3 months after repair were higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). Three months after restoration, the number of periodontal health related indicators in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in PES scores between the two groups before treatment (P > 0.05). The PES scores of the two groups were significantly higher at 12 and 24 months after treatment than before treatment (P < 0.05). The PES scores of the observation group were higher than those of the control group at 12 and 24 months after treatment (P < 0.05). After 2 years of follow-up, the observation group had complications such as prosthesis cutting, prosthesis discoloration, exogenous coloring, tooth sensitivity, while the control group had complications such as filling loss, pulpitis, dental caries, prosthesis discoloration, exogenous coloring, etc. The incidence of complications in the observation group (20%vs25%) was lower than that in the control group, but the difference was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Conclusion: the aesthetic composite resin layered plasticizing technique has the advantages of high success rate, high satisfaction and good periodontal health. It is superior to the conventional composite resin restoration technique and is worthy of clinical promotion.
