Discovering floating wastes,especially bottles on water,is a crucial research problem in environmental hygiene.Nevertheless,real-world applications often face challenges such as interference from irrelevant objects an...Discovering floating wastes,especially bottles on water,is a crucial research problem in environmental hygiene.Nevertheless,real-world applications often face challenges such as interference from irrelevant objects and the high cost associated with data collection.Consequently,devising algorithms capable of accurately localizing specific objects within a scene in scenarios where annotated data is limited remains a formidable challenge.To solve this problem,this paper proposes an object discovery by request problem setting and a corresponding algorithmic framework.The proposed problem setting aims to identify specified objects in scenes,and the associated algorithmic framework comprises pseudo data generation and object discovery by request network.Pseudo-data generation generates images resembling natural scenes through various data augmentation rules,using a small number of object samples and scene images.The network structure of object discovery by request utilizes the pre-trained Vision Transformer(ViT)model as the backbone,employs object-centric methods to learn the latent representations of foreground objects,and applies patch-level reconstruction constraints to the model.During the validation phase,we use the generated pseudo datasets as training sets and evaluate the performance of our model on the original test sets.Experiments have proved that our method achieves state-of-the-art performance on Unmanned Aerial Vehicles-Bottle Detection(UAV-BD)dataset and self-constructed dataset Bottle,especially in multi-object scenarios.展开更多
Biological tests provide information on the medical analysis requested by both the patient and the prescriber. It is a communication link between the prescriber and the laboratory staff. The lack of some information o...Biological tests provide information on the medical analysis requested by both the patient and the prescriber. It is a communication link between the prescriber and the laboratory staff. The lack of some information on request forms not only affects the drafting quality of the test and patient care, but could also make thousands of data produced by healthcare centers unusable. The aim of this study was to assess the drafting quality of request forms submitted to the Malaria and Parasitology Units at the Institut Pasteur de Côte d’Ivoire. Methods: It was a descriptive cross-sectional study to assess the drafting quality of request forms of various prescribers received at the Institut Pasteur de Côte d’Ivoire. This study was conducted at the Malaria and Parasitology Units, department of Parasitology and Mycology (Institut Pasteur de Côte d’Ivoire), from 6<sup>th</sup> December 2020 to 6<sup>th</sup> December 2021. The information on each request forms was recorded on a data collection form designed for this purpose. Each data collection form corresponds to a request forms and each test to a patient. Results: Out of a total of 1990 request forms received, the patient’s age and sex were missing on 18% and 26.8% of the tests respectively. More than half (51.80%) of request forms did not indicate the patient’s place of residence. Clinical information was not provided on 45.90% of the tests. Prescribers omitting their signatures were 51%, stamps were 50.3% and contacts were 71.2%. Only 5.4% of request forms were of good drafting quality. Providing all the required information on the forms could facilitate the use and analysis of data and samples.展开更多
In this paper, we present a novel approach to model user request patterns in the World Wide Web. Instead of focusing on the user traffic for web pages, we capture the user interaction at the object level of the web pa...In this paper, we present a novel approach to model user request patterns in the World Wide Web. Instead of focusing on the user traffic for web pages, we capture the user interaction at the object level of the web pages. Our framework model consists of three sub-models: one for user file access, one for web pages, and one for storage servers. Web pages are assumed to consist of different types and sizes of objects, which are characterized using several categories: articles, media, and mosaics. The model is implemented with a discrete event simulation and then used to investigate the performance of our system over a variety of parameters in our model. Our performance measure of choice is mean response time and by varying the composition of web pages through our categories, we find that our framework model is able to capture a wide range of conditions that serve as a basis for generating a variety of user request patterns. In addition, we are able to establish a set of parameters that can be used as base cases. One of the goals of this research is for the framework model to be general enough that the parameters can be varied such that it can serve as input for investigating other distributed applications that require the generation of user request access patterns.展开更多
Empirical descriptions of how the teacher performs requests in English can make them realize the importance of improving pragmatic competence, so that they could help students develop more native-like pragmatic behavi...Empirical descriptions of how the teacher performs requests in English can make them realize the importance of improving pragmatic competence, so that they could help students develop more native-like pragmatic behaviors and enhance cultural competence. This case study is to explore the pragmatic competence of a Chinese EFL teacher by investigating the patterns of realization strategies and the ways of reacting to the different social and contextual variables in her requests. It was found out that the teacher investigated in the study had good pragmatic awareness and pragmatic competence to produce the speech act of requests and develop students' pragmatic competence, but more explicit instructions should be provided to help students develop more native-like speech acts by providing more explicit instructions.展开更多
Requests and requesting language have been a popular topic for researchers from a wide range of fields including linguistic philosophy,pragmatics,social-pragmatics,and discourse analysis since 1960s.Requesting is a dy...Requests and requesting language have been a popular topic for researchers from a wide range of fields including linguistic philosophy,pragmatics,social-pragmatics,and discourse analysis since 1960s.Requesting is a dynamic process which is the combination of requests and pre-requests,as well as request negotiations.By now,studies mostly focused on the study of how request was initiated and what were the factors lying behind specific choice of one request form over others,and how request-makers pursued their demands when grants were not given as expected.However,limited studies have been published about the development of the strategies children took to avoid predictable refusals.This paper aims to make a contribution to this topic by conducting a longitudinal study lasting for approximately one year with a four-year-old Chinese girl as the subject.By contrasting and comparing the subject’s natural linguistic performance,the author tried to reveal the developmental procedure,and profound cognitive and cultural factors.展开更多
The present study investigated one Chinese college learner's requesting performance by analyzing the DCT data produced in four different situations.The results indicated that the learner favored the indirect strat...The present study investigated one Chinese college learner's requesting performance by analyzing the DCT data produced in four different situations.The results indicated that the learner favored the indirect strategy in all four situations,and was able to produce longer requests with a large portion of external modification.However,the learner lacked sufficient knowledge and ability to control over a wide range of internal modification,relied heavily on external modification,produced lengthy grounders,and failed to show enough sensitivity to imposition variation.展开更多
Foreign language teachers may have long observed learners' grammatically correct, yet situationally inappropriate verbal communication. To make sure they conduct speech acts appropriately, language learners should...Foreign language teachers may have long observed learners' grammatically correct, yet situationally inappropriate verbal communication. To make sure they conduct speech acts appropriately, language learners should possess communicative skills and pragmatic competence. This paper addresses how to raise learners' pragmatic awareness through making requests in English.By exploring the verbal indirectness and politeness of requests, the paper aims to facilitate learners' ability to make socially appropriate utterances.展开更多
Integrating Multi-access Edge Computing(MEC) in Low Earth Orbit(LEO) network is an important way to provide globally seamless low-delay service. In this paper, we consider the scenario that MEC platforms with computat...Integrating Multi-access Edge Computing(MEC) in Low Earth Orbit(LEO) network is an important way to provide globally seamless low-delay service. In this paper, we consider the scenario that MEC platforms with computation and storage resource are deployed on LEO satellites, which is called "LEO-MEC". Service request dispatching decision is very important for resource utilization of the whole LEO-MEC system and Qo E of MEC users. Another important problem is service placement that is closely coupled with request dispatching. This paper models the joint service request dispatching and service placement problem as an optimization problem, which is a Mixed Integer Linear Programming(MILP). Our proposed mechanism solves this problem and uses the solved decision variables to dispatch requests and place services. Simulation results show that our proposed mechanism can achieve better performance in terms of ratio of served users and average hop count compared with baseline mechanism.展开更多
As the popularity of open source projects,the volume of incoming pull requests is too large,which puts heavy burden on integrators who are responsible for accepting or rejecting pull requests.An accepted pull request ...As the popularity of open source projects,the volume of incoming pull requests is too large,which puts heavy burden on integrators who are responsible for accepting or rejecting pull requests.An accepted pull request prediction approach can help integrators by allowing them either to enforce an immediate rejection of code changes or allocate more resources to overcome the deficiency.In this paper,an approach CTCPPre is proposed to predict the accepted pull requests in GitHub.CTCPPre mainly considers code features of modified changes,text features of pull requests’description,contributor features of developers’previous behaviors,and project features of development environment.The effectiveness of CTCPPre on 28 projects containing 221096 pull requests is evaluated.Experimental results show that CTCPPre has good performances by achieving accuracy of 0.82,AUC of 0.76 and F1-score of 0.88 on average.It is compared with the state of art accepted pull request prediction approach RFPredict.On average across 28 projects,CTCPPre outperforms RFPredict by 6.64%,16.06%and 4.79%in terms of accuracy,AUC and F1-score,respectively.展开更多
In recent years, the cesarean section rate has been high. Because of the lack of research on cesarean section without medical indication, the surgery is facing huge risks. To compensate for the lack of domestic-relate...In recent years, the cesarean section rate has been high. Because of the lack of research on cesarean section without medical indication, the surgery is facing huge risks. To compensate for the lack of domestic-related research, and help clinicians to weigh the pros and cons of cesarean section, the paper reviews the reasons for cesarean delivery on maternal request （CDMR） and the advantages and disadvantages of CDMR so as to put forward constructive advice.展开更多
文摘Discovering floating wastes,especially bottles on water,is a crucial research problem in environmental hygiene.Nevertheless,real-world applications often face challenges such as interference from irrelevant objects and the high cost associated with data collection.Consequently,devising algorithms capable of accurately localizing specific objects within a scene in scenarios where annotated data is limited remains a formidable challenge.To solve this problem,this paper proposes an object discovery by request problem setting and a corresponding algorithmic framework.The proposed problem setting aims to identify specified objects in scenes,and the associated algorithmic framework comprises pseudo data generation and object discovery by request network.Pseudo-data generation generates images resembling natural scenes through various data augmentation rules,using a small number of object samples and scene images.The network structure of object discovery by request utilizes the pre-trained Vision Transformer(ViT)model as the backbone,employs object-centric methods to learn the latent representations of foreground objects,and applies patch-level reconstruction constraints to the model.During the validation phase,we use the generated pseudo datasets as training sets and evaluate the performance of our model on the original test sets.Experiments have proved that our method achieves state-of-the-art performance on Unmanned Aerial Vehicles-Bottle Detection(UAV-BD)dataset and self-constructed dataset Bottle,especially in multi-object scenarios.
文摘Biological tests provide information on the medical analysis requested by both the patient and the prescriber. It is a communication link between the prescriber and the laboratory staff. The lack of some information on request forms not only affects the drafting quality of the test and patient care, but could also make thousands of data produced by healthcare centers unusable. The aim of this study was to assess the drafting quality of request forms submitted to the Malaria and Parasitology Units at the Institut Pasteur de Côte d’Ivoire. Methods: It was a descriptive cross-sectional study to assess the drafting quality of request forms of various prescribers received at the Institut Pasteur de Côte d’Ivoire. This study was conducted at the Malaria and Parasitology Units, department of Parasitology and Mycology (Institut Pasteur de Côte d’Ivoire), from 6<sup>th</sup> December 2020 to 6<sup>th</sup> December 2021. The information on each request forms was recorded on a data collection form designed for this purpose. Each data collection form corresponds to a request forms and each test to a patient. Results: Out of a total of 1990 request forms received, the patient’s age and sex were missing on 18% and 26.8% of the tests respectively. More than half (51.80%) of request forms did not indicate the patient’s place of residence. Clinical information was not provided on 45.90% of the tests. Prescribers omitting their signatures were 51%, stamps were 50.3% and contacts were 71.2%. Only 5.4% of request forms were of good drafting quality. Providing all the required information on the forms could facilitate the use and analysis of data and samples.
文摘In this paper, we present a novel approach to model user request patterns in the World Wide Web. Instead of focusing on the user traffic for web pages, we capture the user interaction at the object level of the web pages. Our framework model consists of three sub-models: one for user file access, one for web pages, and one for storage servers. Web pages are assumed to consist of different types and sizes of objects, which are characterized using several categories: articles, media, and mosaics. The model is implemented with a discrete event simulation and then used to investigate the performance of our system over a variety of parameters in our model. Our performance measure of choice is mean response time and by varying the composition of web pages through our categories, we find that our framework model is able to capture a wide range of conditions that serve as a basis for generating a variety of user request patterns. In addition, we are able to establish a set of parameters that can be used as base cases. One of the goals of this research is for the framework model to be general enough that the parameters can be varied such that it can serve as input for investigating other distributed applications that require the generation of user request access patterns.
文摘Empirical descriptions of how the teacher performs requests in English can make them realize the importance of improving pragmatic competence, so that they could help students develop more native-like pragmatic behaviors and enhance cultural competence. This case study is to explore the pragmatic competence of a Chinese EFL teacher by investigating the patterns of realization strategies and the ways of reacting to the different social and contextual variables in her requests. It was found out that the teacher investigated in the study had good pragmatic awareness and pragmatic competence to produce the speech act of requests and develop students' pragmatic competence, but more explicit instructions should be provided to help students develop more native-like speech acts by providing more explicit instructions.
文摘Requests and requesting language have been a popular topic for researchers from a wide range of fields including linguistic philosophy,pragmatics,social-pragmatics,and discourse analysis since 1960s.Requesting is a dynamic process which is the combination of requests and pre-requests,as well as request negotiations.By now,studies mostly focused on the study of how request was initiated and what were the factors lying behind specific choice of one request form over others,and how request-makers pursued their demands when grants were not given as expected.However,limited studies have been published about the development of the strategies children took to avoid predictable refusals.This paper aims to make a contribution to this topic by conducting a longitudinal study lasting for approximately one year with a four-year-old Chinese girl as the subject.By contrasting and comparing the subject’s natural linguistic performance,the author tried to reveal the developmental procedure,and profound cognitive and cultural factors.
文摘The present study investigated one Chinese college learner's requesting performance by analyzing the DCT data produced in four different situations.The results indicated that the learner favored the indirect strategy in all four situations,and was able to produce longer requests with a large portion of external modification.However,the learner lacked sufficient knowledge and ability to control over a wide range of internal modification,relied heavily on external modification,produced lengthy grounders,and failed to show enough sensitivity to imposition variation.
文摘Foreign language teachers may have long observed learners' grammatically correct, yet situationally inappropriate verbal communication. To make sure they conduct speech acts appropriately, language learners should possess communicative skills and pragmatic competence. This paper addresses how to raise learners' pragmatic awareness through making requests in English.By exploring the verbal indirectness and politeness of requests, the paper aims to facilitate learners' ability to make socially appropriate utterances.
基金funded by the Excellent Postdoctoral Study Project Funding of Hebei Province,grant number B2019005006。
文摘Integrating Multi-access Edge Computing(MEC) in Low Earth Orbit(LEO) network is an important way to provide globally seamless low-delay service. In this paper, we consider the scenario that MEC platforms with computation and storage resource are deployed on LEO satellites, which is called "LEO-MEC". Service request dispatching decision is very important for resource utilization of the whole LEO-MEC system and Qo E of MEC users. Another important problem is service placement that is closely coupled with request dispatching. This paper models the joint service request dispatching and service placement problem as an optimization problem, which is a Mixed Integer Linear Programming(MILP). Our proposed mechanism solves this problem and uses the solved decision variables to dispatch requests and place services. Simulation results show that our proposed mechanism can achieve better performance in terms of ratio of served users and average hop count compared with baseline mechanism.
基金Project(2018YFB1004202)supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of ChinaProject(61732019)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(SKLSDE-2018ZX-06)supported by the State Key Laboratory of Software Development Environment,China
文摘As the popularity of open source projects,the volume of incoming pull requests is too large,which puts heavy burden on integrators who are responsible for accepting or rejecting pull requests.An accepted pull request prediction approach can help integrators by allowing them either to enforce an immediate rejection of code changes or allocate more resources to overcome the deficiency.In this paper,an approach CTCPPre is proposed to predict the accepted pull requests in GitHub.CTCPPre mainly considers code features of modified changes,text features of pull requests’description,contributor features of developers’previous behaviors,and project features of development environment.The effectiveness of CTCPPre on 28 projects containing 221096 pull requests is evaluated.Experimental results show that CTCPPre has good performances by achieving accuracy of 0.82,AUC of 0.76 and F1-score of 0.88 on average.It is compared with the state of art accepted pull request prediction approach RFPredict.On average across 28 projects,CTCPPre outperforms RFPredict by 6.64%,16.06%and 4.79%in terms of accuracy,AUC and F1-score,respectively.
文摘In recent years, the cesarean section rate has been high. Because of the lack of research on cesarean section without medical indication, the surgery is facing huge risks. To compensate for the lack of domestic-related research, and help clinicians to weigh the pros and cons of cesarean section, the paper reviews the reasons for cesarean delivery on maternal request （CDMR） and the advantages and disadvantages of CDMR so as to put forward constructive advice.
