Marine structures are frequently subjected to repeated impact loadings,resulting in failure of the structures,even causing serious accidents.The analytical expressions of dimensionless permanent deflection and impact ...Marine structures are frequently subjected to repeated impact loadings,resulting in failure of the structures,even causing serious accidents.The analytical expressions of dimensionless permanent deflection and impact force of a metal beam based on maximal normal yield surface are derived by membrane factor method(MFM),then the results are compared with repeated impact tests.It can be found that the solutions based on MFM are between the upper and lower bounds,and very close to the results of the repeated impact tests,indicating the theoretical model proposed can predict the plastic responses of the metal beam accurately.What’s more,the influences of impact location and boundary condition on the dynamic responses of the beam subjected to repeated impacts are determined.Results show that,as the distance of impact location from the middle span of the beam increases,the permanent deflection decreases,while the impact force increases.Meanwhile,the influences of impact location enhance as the impact number increases.When the permanent deflection is smaller than the thickness,the effect of boundary condition on the plastic responses is significant.However,when the deflection is larger than the thickness,the beam will be like a string and only axial force works,resulting in little influence of boundary condition on the plastic responses of the beam.展开更多
The mechanical behaviors and energy dissipation characteristics of heat-treated granite were investigated under repeated impact loading.The granite samples were firstly heat-treated at the temperature of 20℃,200℃,40...The mechanical behaviors and energy dissipation characteristics of heat-treated granite were investigated under repeated impact loading.The granite samples were firstly heat-treated at the temperature of 20℃,200℃,400℃,and 600℃,respectively.The thermal damage characteristics of these samples were then observed and measured before impact tests.Dynamic impact compression tests finally were carried out using a modified split-Hopkinson pressure bar under three impact velocities of 12 m/s,15 m/s,and 18 m/s.These test results show that the mineral composition and the main oxides of the granite do not change with these treatment temperatures.The number of microcracks and microvoids decreases in the sample after 200℃ treatment.The mechanical properties of a sample after 600℃ treatment were rapidly deteriorated under the same impact velocity.The average of peak stress is much smaller than those after 20℃,200℃ and 400℃ treatments.The heat-treated samples have an energy threshold each.When the dissipated energy of a sample under a single impact is less than this threshold,the repeated impacts hardly lead to further damage accumulation even if its total breakage energy dissipation(BED)density is large.Under the same number of repeated impacts,the cumulative BED density of a sample after 600℃ treatment is the largest and its damage evolves most quickly.The total BED density of the sample after 200℃ treatment is the highest,which implies that this sample has better resistance to repeated impact,thus having less crack initiation and growth.展开更多
Using self-made impact fatigue test instruments and related analytic devices,the mechanical components with laser cladding layer have been attempted. It is found that, onrepeated impact force, several failure modes of...Using self-made impact fatigue test instruments and related analytic devices,the mechanical components with laser cladding layer have been attempted. It is found that, onrepeated impact force, several failure modes of the components include the surface cracks, surfaceplastic deformation, corrosive pitting and coat collapse, etc. The paper reported the test methodand initial analysis conclusions about the unique failure characteristics of the mechanicalcomponents on repeated impact load.展开更多
Ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concretes （UHPFRC） were prepared by replacing 60% of cement with ultra-fine industrial waste powder. The dynamic mechanical behaviour of UHPFRC with different fiber volume fra...Ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concretes （UHPFRC） were prepared by replacing 60% of cement with ultra-fine industrial waste powder. The dynamic mechanical behaviour of UHPFRC with different fiber volume fraction was researched on repeated compressive impact in four kinds of impact modes through split Hopkinson pressure bar （SHPB）. The experimental results show that the peak stress and elastic modulus decrease and the strain rate and peak strain increase gradually with the increasing of impact times. The initial material damage increases and the peak stress of the specimen decreases from the second impact with the increasing of the initial incident wave. Standard strength on repeated impact is defined to compare the ability of resistance against repeated impact among different materials. The rate of reduction of standard strength is decreased by fiber reinforcement under repeated impact. The material damage is reduced and the ability of repeated impact resistance of UHPFRC is improved with the increasing of fiber volume fraction.展开更多
Rock is subjected to impact loading during tunnel and subsurface engineering.For understanding the damage evolution of rock under dynamic impact, mechanical research was performed on the carboniferous slate surroundin...Rock is subjected to impact loading during tunnel and subsurface engineering.For understanding the damage evolution of rock under dynamic impact, mechanical research was performed on the carboniferous slate surrounding the Muzhailing tunnel under different influencing factors based on the Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar(SHPB)experimental system. The results show that:(1)carbonaceous slate exhibits a continuous failure process, which develops more rapidly in the presence of joints;simultaneously, a negative correlation was found between the joint density and the dynamic strength of rock;(2) under different impact velocities and wavelengths, the method of using incident energy to represent the dynamic damage threshold of carbonaceous slate under high in situ stress was proposed based on the kinetic energy theorem, and the damage threshold of carbonaceous slate was calculated to be 53 J;(3) impact times is the most critical core variable and negatively correlated with peak strength and positively correlated with strain rate, maximum strain, and cumulative damage. The carbonaceous slate is subjected to repeated load impacts, which is followed by accumulation of damage, continuous strength attenuation, and internal dominant fracture expansion. In particular,when the samples break, there is only one main rupture surface, which is the most significant difference from the single impact rupture form.展开更多
Ultra-high performance cementitious composites(UHPCC)were prepared by replacing 60%of cement with ultra-fine industrial waste powders.The dynamic damage and compressive stress-strain relations of UHPCC were studied us...Ultra-high performance cementitious composites(UHPCC)were prepared by replacing 60%of cement with ultra-fine industrial waste powders.The dynamic damage and compressive stress-strain relations of UHPCC were studied using split Hopkinson pressure bar(SHPB).The damage of UHPCC subjected to repeated impact was measured by the ultrasonic pulse velocity method.Results show that the dynamic damage of UHPCC increases linearly with impact times and the abilities of repeated impact resistance of UHPCC are improved with increasing fiber volume fraction.The stress waves on impact were recorded and the average stress,strain and strain rate of UHPCC were calculated based on the wave propagation theory.The effects of strain rate,fibers volume fraction and impact times on the stress-strain relations of UHPCC were studied.Results show that the peak stress and elastic modulus decrease while the strain rate and peak strain increase gradually with increasing impact times.展开更多
The aircrafts have many structural components that withstand repeated impact loads,which may accumulate fatigue and potentially cause major accidents.To simulate repeated impact loads,it is imperative to design an imp...The aircrafts have many structural components that withstand repeated impact loads,which may accumulate fatigue and potentially cause major accidents.To simulate repeated impact loads,it is imperative to design an impact load cyclic fatigue simulator that applies repeated impact loads to structural components,such as landing gears.Furthermore,the impact load simulator must simulate various loads,and the identical set of parameters employed in conventional controllers are challenging to apply to varying operational conditions.Consequently,the controller must possess learning and adaptive capabilities.Based on the characteristics of repeated impact loads,an Adaptive Iterative Learning Control(AILC)based on the backstepping method is developed in this study.This AILC comprises backstepping control law,parameter adaptation law,iterative learning law,and robust dynamical control term.The adaptation law is not only utilized to estimate unknown system parameters,but also for online identification of system parameters.The iterative learning law can be utilized to learn the characteristics of the system under repeated operating conditions.The robust dynamical control term ensures the stability of the entire system.The experimental results indicate that the AILC can achieve tracking error convergence within a finite time and effectively achieve high-precision torque command tracking.展开更多
文摘Marine structures are frequently subjected to repeated impact loadings,resulting in failure of the structures,even causing serious accidents.The analytical expressions of dimensionless permanent deflection and impact force of a metal beam based on maximal normal yield surface are derived by membrane factor method(MFM),then the results are compared with repeated impact tests.It can be found that the solutions based on MFM are between the upper and lower bounds,and very close to the results of the repeated impact tests,indicating the theoretical model proposed can predict the plastic responses of the metal beam accurately.What’s more,the influences of impact location and boundary condition on the dynamic responses of the beam subjected to repeated impacts are determined.Results show that,as the distance of impact location from the middle span of the beam increases,the permanent deflection decreases,while the impact force increases.Meanwhile,the influences of impact location enhance as the impact number increases.When the permanent deflection is smaller than the thickness,the effect of boundary condition on the plastic responses is significant.However,when the deflection is larger than the thickness,the beam will be like a string and only axial force works,resulting in little influence of boundary condition on the plastic responses of the beam.
基金This study was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51579062,51379147),which is gratefully appreciated.
文摘The mechanical behaviors and energy dissipation characteristics of heat-treated granite were investigated under repeated impact loading.The granite samples were firstly heat-treated at the temperature of 20℃,200℃,400℃,and 600℃,respectively.The thermal damage characteristics of these samples were then observed and measured before impact tests.Dynamic impact compression tests finally were carried out using a modified split-Hopkinson pressure bar under three impact velocities of 12 m/s,15 m/s,and 18 m/s.These test results show that the mineral composition and the main oxides of the granite do not change with these treatment temperatures.The number of microcracks and microvoids decreases in the sample after 200℃ treatment.The mechanical properties of a sample after 600℃ treatment were rapidly deteriorated under the same impact velocity.The average of peak stress is much smaller than those after 20℃,200℃ and 400℃ treatments.The heat-treated samples have an energy threshold each.When the dissipated energy of a sample under a single impact is less than this threshold,the repeated impacts hardly lead to further damage accumulation even if its total breakage energy dissipation(BED)density is large.Under the same number of repeated impacts,the cumulative BED density of a sample after 600℃ treatment is the largest and its damage evolves most quickly.The total BED density of the sample after 200℃ treatment is the highest,which implies that this sample has better resistance to repeated impact,thus having less crack initiation and growth.
文摘Using self-made impact fatigue test instruments and related analytic devices,the mechanical components with laser cladding layer have been attempted. It is found that, onrepeated impact force, several failure modes of the components include the surface cracks, surfaceplastic deformation, corrosive pitting and coat collapse, etc. The paper reported the test methodand initial analysis conclusions about the unique failure characteristics of the mechanicalcomponents on repeated impact load.
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 50808101)Jiangsu Provincial Program for Basic Research (Natural Science Foundation) (No.BK2008417)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 20080431100)
文摘Ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concretes （UHPFRC） were prepared by replacing 60% of cement with ultra-fine industrial waste powder. The dynamic mechanical behaviour of UHPFRC with different fiber volume fraction was researched on repeated compressive impact in four kinds of impact modes through split Hopkinson pressure bar （SHPB）. The experimental results show that the peak stress and elastic modulus decrease and the strain rate and peak strain increase gradually with the increasing of impact times. The initial material damage increases and the peak stress of the specimen decreases from the second impact with the increasing of the initial incident wave. Standard strength on repeated impact is defined to compare the ability of resistance against repeated impact among different materials. The rate of reduction of standard strength is decreased by fiber reinforcement under repeated impact. The material damage is reduced and the ability of repeated impact resistance of UHPFRC is improved with the increasing of fiber volume fraction.
基金the financial support from the Key Special Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.41941018)the Special Fund of Yueqi Scholars(Grant No.800015Z1207)。
文摘Rock is subjected to impact loading during tunnel and subsurface engineering.For understanding the damage evolution of rock under dynamic impact, mechanical research was performed on the carboniferous slate surrounding the Muzhailing tunnel under different influencing factors based on the Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar(SHPB)experimental system. The results show that:(1)carbonaceous slate exhibits a continuous failure process, which develops more rapidly in the presence of joints;simultaneously, a negative correlation was found between the joint density and the dynamic strength of rock;(2) under different impact velocities and wavelengths, the method of using incident energy to represent the dynamic damage threshold of carbonaceous slate under high in situ stress was proposed based on the kinetic energy theorem, and the damage threshold of carbonaceous slate was calculated to be 53 J;(3) impact times is the most critical core variable and negatively correlated with peak strength and positively correlated with strain rate, maximum strain, and cumulative damage. The carbonaceous slate is subjected to repeated load impacts, which is followed by accumulation of damage, continuous strength attenuation, and internal dominant fracture expansion. In particular,when the samples break, there is only one main rupture surface, which is the most significant difference from the single impact rupture form.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.50808101)Jiangsu Provincial Program for Basic Research(Natural Science Foundation)(Grant No.BK2008417)+1 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.20080431100)Excellence Plan"Zijin Star"of NJUST
文摘Ultra-high performance cementitious composites(UHPCC)were prepared by replacing 60%of cement with ultra-fine industrial waste powders.The dynamic damage and compressive stress-strain relations of UHPCC were studied using split Hopkinson pressure bar(SHPB).The damage of UHPCC subjected to repeated impact was measured by the ultrasonic pulse velocity method.Results show that the dynamic damage of UHPCC increases linearly with impact times and the abilities of repeated impact resistance of UHPCC are improved with increasing fiber volume fraction.The stress waves on impact were recorded and the average stress,strain and strain rate of UHPCC were calculated based on the wave propagation theory.The effects of strain rate,fibers volume fraction and impact times on the stress-strain relations of UHPCC were studied.Results show that the peak stress and elastic modulus decrease while the strain rate and peak strain increase gradually with increasing impact times.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52275045)。
文摘The aircrafts have many structural components that withstand repeated impact loads,which may accumulate fatigue and potentially cause major accidents.To simulate repeated impact loads,it is imperative to design an impact load cyclic fatigue simulator that applies repeated impact loads to structural components,such as landing gears.Furthermore,the impact load simulator must simulate various loads,and the identical set of parameters employed in conventional controllers are challenging to apply to varying operational conditions.Consequently,the controller must possess learning and adaptive capabilities.Based on the characteristics of repeated impact loads,an Adaptive Iterative Learning Control(AILC)based on the backstepping method is developed in this study.This AILC comprises backstepping control law,parameter adaptation law,iterative learning law,and robust dynamical control term.The adaptation law is not only utilized to estimate unknown system parameters,but also for online identification of system parameters.The iterative learning law can be utilized to learn the characteristics of the system under repeated operating conditions.The robust dynamical control term ensures the stability of the entire system.The experimental results indicate that the AILC can achieve tracking error convergence within a finite time and effectively achieve high-precision torque command tracking.
