The generation of defects,such as cracks and pores,presents significant challenges for high-strength met-als and alloys fabricated by the quick-emerging additive manufacturing technology,and subsequent post-processing...The generation of defects,such as cracks and pores,presents significant challenges for high-strength met-als and alloys fabricated by the quick-emerging additive manufacturing technology,and subsequent post-processing treatments are often necessary before their practical applications.In this work,a novel heat treatment approach,involving a pre-softening treatment before hot isostatic pressing(HIP),is developed to facilitate the crack-healing in René142 superalloy produced through laser powder bed fusion.Results demonstrate that René142 alloy exhibits a propensity for severe cracking across a wide range of printing parameters,primarily in the form of solidification cracks and liquation cracks.These cracks are formed mainly due to a wide solidification range,the presence of a liquid film,and the concentration of resid-ual stress.The pre-softening solution heat treatment significantly reduces dislocation density and resid-ual stress levels,and the subsequent HIP together leads to a defect-free,dense structure for René142 superalloy.Consequently,the René142 alloy processed by the pre-softening HIP treatment achieves an excellent combination of yield strength(850 MPa),ultimate tensile strength(1227 MPa),and elongation(13.7%),with pseudo-equiaxed grains(120-150μm)and squareγ'precipitates(approximately 540 nm).These findings provide valuable insights for exploring crack elimination methods in other nickel-based superalloys fabricated through additive manufacturing.展开更多
Since ancient times,humans have endeavored to maintain their health.These methods are collectively referred to as“Yang Sheng(养生)”or health preservation practices.The concept of Yang Sheng originated and was nurtur...Since ancient times,humans have endeavored to maintain their health.These methods are collectively referred to as“Yang Sheng(养生)”or health preservation practices.The concept of Yang Sheng originated and was nurtured in ancient China.By the Ming dynasty,this practice had transcended the elite scholarly class and began to garner the attention of the general populace.With the development of the publishing industry,a large number of Yang Sheng-related books were created,disseminated,and widely read.Zhu Quan(朱权),a representative literatus of the Ming dynasty and a member of the imperial family,left behind a vast body of writings across multiple fields,including Yang Sheng,medicine,Daoism,history,drama,and phonology.Among these,his works on Yang Sheng and medicine were also transmitted to Korea and Japan,exerting an influence on East Asian Yang Sheng culture.Previous studies have largely lacked a systematic examination of Zhu Quan’s thought on Yang Sheng and have paid little attention to the transmission of this thought in Korea and Japan.This study begins with an analysis of his Yang Sheng-related text Huo Ren Xin(《活人心》Enlivening the Human Heart),and through an exploration of the core ideas in this work as well as its dissemination and reception in Korea and Japan,it attempts to shed light on the modes of transmission and exchange within East Asian Yang Sheng culture.First,the paper investigates the formation of Zhu Quan’s thinking by examining his life and intellectual background.It then analyzes the compilation,content,and conceptual features of Huo Ren Xin,and explores its transmission in Korea and Japan based on extant editions.Finally,through an examination of medical texts and literary works by scholars in Korea and Japan,the study further elucidates the acceptance and transmission of Zhu Quan’s Yang Sheng thought across East Asia.展开更多
Objectives This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of Suan Zao Ren(Semen Ziziphi Spinosae,SZS)extract on insomnia induced by p-chlorophenylalanine(PCPA)in rats and its influence on the thioredoxin-inte...Objectives This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of Suan Zao Ren(Semen Ziziphi Spinosae,SZS)extract on insomnia induced by p-chlorophenylalanine(PCPA)in rats and its influence on the thioredoxin-interacting protein(TXNIP)/nucleotide-binding domain Leucine-rich repeat and pyrin domain-containing receptor 3(NLRP3)inflammasome pathway,and to preliminarily explore themechanism by which SZS extract improves insomnia.Methods Fifty male Sprague–Dawley(SD)rats were used,with 8 rats in the blank group and 42 rats in the modeling group.The modeling group was induced by intraperitoneal injection of PCPA at a dose of 500mg·kg^(-1) for six consecutive days,with daily cage exchange.After 6 days,40 successfully modeled rats were randomly divided into five groups:themodel group(equal volume of distilled water),the positive group(0.75 mg·kg^(-1)),and low-,medium-,and high-dose SZS extract groups(1.5,3,and 6 g·kg^(-1),respectively),with 8 rats in each group.Treatments were administered for seven consecutive days.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure levels of 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT)and gamma-aminobutyric acid(GABA)in the rat cerebral cortex.The thiobarbituric acid(TBA)method was used to determine malondialdehyde(MDA)levels,and the hydroxylamine method was used to determine superoxide dismutase(SOD)levels.The 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)method was used to measure total antioxidant capacity(TAOC)in the cerebral cortex.Pathological changes in the cerebral cortex were observed,and Western blot was used to detect the protein expressions of TXNIP,NLRP3,apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a Caspase activation and recruitment domain(CARD),and cysteine–aspartate-specific protease 1(Caspase-1)in the cerebral cortex.Results Compared with the blank group,the model group showed a significantly prolonged sleep latency(p<0.001)and a significantly shortened sleep duration(p<0.001).There were no changes in serum MDA and SOD levels.MDA levels in the cerebral cortex were significantly increased(p<0.001),while SOD and TAOC levels were significantly decreased(p<0.001).The 5-HT level was increased(p<0.05),and the GABA level was significantly decreased(p<0.001).SZS extract improved these conditions to varying degrees.Light microscopy showed no significant changes in cortical neurons but transmission electron microscopy revealed intact mitochondrial structures in the blank group,while the model group showed swollen and unclear mitochondria with reduced organelles.After 7 days of treatment,these conditions improved in the SZS extract groups.Compared with the blank group,the expressions of the four proteins in the model group were increased,and the expressions of these proteins were decreased in the SZS extract groups compared with the model group.Conclusion SZS extract may exert an antioxidant effect to treat insomnia by downregulating the expression of TXNIP/NLRP3 proteins and regulating oxidative stress levels in the cerebral cortex.展开更多
The concept of"ren"(仁) in The Analects of Confucius is at the core of Confucianism and has acquired rich connotations and a dis-tinguished position. Enormous differences in cultural background between the E...The concept of"ren"(仁) in The Analects of Confucius is at the core of Confucianism and has acquired rich connotations and a dis-tinguished position. Enormous differences in cultural background between the East and the West, however, result in varied under-standings of"ren". In this paper, a detailed comparison between Ku Hung-ming's translation of The Analects of Confucius andthat of James Legge's is made to analyze the the impact of different cultural background on the understanding and translation of"ren"in the relevant contexts. It is concluded that cultural difference exerts a great influence on the English versions of The Ana-lects of Confucius.展开更多
Zinc phosphate coating formed on 6061-A1 alloy was studied with the help of electrochemical measurements, Fourier Transform Infrared （FTIR）, and Scanning Electron Microscopy （SEM）, after dipping it in phosphating ...Zinc phosphate coating formed on 6061-A1 alloy was studied with the help of electrochemical measurements, Fourier Transform Infrared （FTIR）, and Scanning Electron Microscopy （SEM）, after dipping it in phosphating solutions containing different concentrations of Rare Earth Nitrate （REN）. REN, which acted as an accelerator in the phosphating solution, could catalyze the surface reaction and accelerate the phosphating process. REN mainly enabled the P in the phosphate coating to exist in the form of PO4^3- and promoted the hydrolysis of phosphatic acid in a liquid layer at the cathodes. This resulted in the evolution of H2 at the cathodes, which increased the local pH value and in turn drove the precipitation of the phosphate coating. Additionally, REN was adsorbed on the surface of the aluminum substrates to form a gel during the phosphating process. These gel particles were good crystal seeds, which helped to form phosphate crystal nuclei and possess the function of a nucleation agent that could decrease the phosphate crystal size. The corrosion resistance of the formed zinc phosphate coatings was improved.展开更多
Prof.Ren ZHANG’s experience in clinical treatment of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders(NMOSD)is summarized in this paper.The pathogenesis of this kind of disease is complicated.Prof.Ren ZHANG treats it in both ...Prof.Ren ZHANG’s experience in clinical treatment of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders(NMOSD)is summarized in this paper.The pathogenesis of this kind of disease is complicated.Prof.Ren ZHANG treats it in both symptoms and root cause.In the acute stage and remission stage,based on the standard application of western medicines,acupuncture should be applied as early as possible and continued.In the acute stage,acupuncture can be an alternative and complementary treatment to reduce the adverse reaction of high dose hormone and shorten the acute course of this disease.In the remission stage,acupuncture can not only improve the visual function of patients,but also helps to retard the deterioration of this disease,reduce the recurrence and disability degree,having a long-term effect.The specific treatment method of Prof.Ren ZHANG emphasizes a combination of acupuncture and acupoint injection,with the extraordinary points as the main acupoints and coordinate with meridian acupoints in application.In the manipulation,it is emphasized deep insertion,penetrating method,and needling sensation to the diseased location.For the treatment course,it is emphasized that early intervention and long-term regular treatment.Here is the summarization of Prof.Ren ZHANG’s experience in treating this disease,which can be the reference for clinicians.展开更多
基金support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Project Nos.52371012 and 52301060).
文摘The generation of defects,such as cracks and pores,presents significant challenges for high-strength met-als and alloys fabricated by the quick-emerging additive manufacturing technology,and subsequent post-processing treatments are often necessary before their practical applications.In this work,a novel heat treatment approach,involving a pre-softening treatment before hot isostatic pressing(HIP),is developed to facilitate the crack-healing in René142 superalloy produced through laser powder bed fusion.Results demonstrate that René142 alloy exhibits a propensity for severe cracking across a wide range of printing parameters,primarily in the form of solidification cracks and liquation cracks.These cracks are formed mainly due to a wide solidification range,the presence of a liquid film,and the concentration of resid-ual stress.The pre-softening solution heat treatment significantly reduces dislocation density and resid-ual stress levels,and the subsequent HIP together leads to a defect-free,dense structure for René142 superalloy.Consequently,the René142 alloy processed by the pre-softening HIP treatment achieves an excellent combination of yield strength(850 MPa),ultimate tensile strength(1227 MPa),and elongation(13.7%),with pseudo-equiaxed grains(120-150μm)and squareγ'precipitates(approximately 540 nm).These findings provide valuable insights for exploring crack elimination methods in other nickel-based superalloys fabricated through additive manufacturing.
基金financed by the grant from JSPS KAKENHI Grant(No.23K12014).
文摘Since ancient times,humans have endeavored to maintain their health.These methods are collectively referred to as“Yang Sheng(养生)”or health preservation practices.The concept of Yang Sheng originated and was nurtured in ancient China.By the Ming dynasty,this practice had transcended the elite scholarly class and began to garner the attention of the general populace.With the development of the publishing industry,a large number of Yang Sheng-related books were created,disseminated,and widely read.Zhu Quan(朱权),a representative literatus of the Ming dynasty and a member of the imperial family,left behind a vast body of writings across multiple fields,including Yang Sheng,medicine,Daoism,history,drama,and phonology.Among these,his works on Yang Sheng and medicine were also transmitted to Korea and Japan,exerting an influence on East Asian Yang Sheng culture.Previous studies have largely lacked a systematic examination of Zhu Quan’s thought on Yang Sheng and have paid little attention to the transmission of this thought in Korea and Japan.This study begins with an analysis of his Yang Sheng-related text Huo Ren Xin(《活人心》Enlivening the Human Heart),and through an exploration of the core ideas in this work as well as its dissemination and reception in Korea and Japan,it attempts to shed light on the modes of transmission and exchange within East Asian Yang Sheng culture.First,the paper investigates the formation of Zhu Quan’s thinking by examining his life and intellectual background.It then analyzes the compilation,content,and conceptual features of Huo Ren Xin,and explores its transmission in Korea and Japan based on extant editions.Finally,through an examination of medical texts and literary works by scholars in Korea and Japan,the study further elucidates the acceptance and transmission of Zhu Quan’s Yang Sheng thought across East Asia.
基金Research on the Mechanism of Suan Zao Ren’s(SZS)Hypnotic Effect Based on TXNIP/NLRP3 Signaling Pathway(2023-ZXFZJJ-JW-071).
文摘Objectives This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of Suan Zao Ren(Semen Ziziphi Spinosae,SZS)extract on insomnia induced by p-chlorophenylalanine(PCPA)in rats and its influence on the thioredoxin-interacting protein(TXNIP)/nucleotide-binding domain Leucine-rich repeat and pyrin domain-containing receptor 3(NLRP3)inflammasome pathway,and to preliminarily explore themechanism by which SZS extract improves insomnia.Methods Fifty male Sprague–Dawley(SD)rats were used,with 8 rats in the blank group and 42 rats in the modeling group.The modeling group was induced by intraperitoneal injection of PCPA at a dose of 500mg·kg^(-1) for six consecutive days,with daily cage exchange.After 6 days,40 successfully modeled rats were randomly divided into five groups:themodel group(equal volume of distilled water),the positive group(0.75 mg·kg^(-1)),and low-,medium-,and high-dose SZS extract groups(1.5,3,and 6 g·kg^(-1),respectively),with 8 rats in each group.Treatments were administered for seven consecutive days.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure levels of 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT)and gamma-aminobutyric acid(GABA)in the rat cerebral cortex.The thiobarbituric acid(TBA)method was used to determine malondialdehyde(MDA)levels,and the hydroxylamine method was used to determine superoxide dismutase(SOD)levels.The 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)method was used to measure total antioxidant capacity(TAOC)in the cerebral cortex.Pathological changes in the cerebral cortex were observed,and Western blot was used to detect the protein expressions of TXNIP,NLRP3,apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a Caspase activation and recruitment domain(CARD),and cysteine–aspartate-specific protease 1(Caspase-1)in the cerebral cortex.Results Compared with the blank group,the model group showed a significantly prolonged sleep latency(p<0.001)and a significantly shortened sleep duration(p<0.001).There were no changes in serum MDA and SOD levels.MDA levels in the cerebral cortex were significantly increased(p<0.001),while SOD and TAOC levels were significantly decreased(p<0.001).The 5-HT level was increased(p<0.05),and the GABA level was significantly decreased(p<0.001).SZS extract improved these conditions to varying degrees.Light microscopy showed no significant changes in cortical neurons but transmission electron microscopy revealed intact mitochondrial structures in the blank group,while the model group showed swollen and unclear mitochondria with reduced organelles.After 7 days of treatment,these conditions improved in the SZS extract groups.Compared with the blank group,the expressions of the four proteins in the model group were increased,and the expressions of these proteins were decreased in the SZS extract groups compared with the model group.Conclusion SZS extract may exert an antioxidant effect to treat insomnia by downregulating the expression of TXNIP/NLRP3 proteins and regulating oxidative stress levels in the cerebral cortex.
文摘The concept of"ren"(仁) in The Analects of Confucius is at the core of Confucianism and has acquired rich connotations and a dis-tinguished position. Enormous differences in cultural background between the East and the West, however, result in varied under-standings of"ren". In this paper, a detailed comparison between Ku Hung-ming's translation of The Analects of Confucius andthat of James Legge's is made to analyze the the impact of different cultural background on the understanding and translation of"ren"in the relevant contexts. It is concluded that cultural difference exerts a great influence on the English versions of The Ana-lects of Confucius.
基金Project supported by the Henan Natural Science Foundation Program (200460178)
文摘Zinc phosphate coating formed on 6061-A1 alloy was studied with the help of electrochemical measurements, Fourier Transform Infrared （FTIR）, and Scanning Electron Microscopy （SEM）, after dipping it in phosphating solutions containing different concentrations of Rare Earth Nitrate （REN）. REN, which acted as an accelerator in the phosphating solution, could catalyze the surface reaction and accelerate the phosphating process. REN mainly enabled the P in the phosphate coating to exist in the form of PO4^3- and promoted the hydrolysis of phosphatic acid in a liquid layer at the cathodes. This resulted in the evolution of H2 at the cathodes, which increased the local pH value and in turn drove the precipitation of the phosphate coating. Additionally, REN was adsorbed on the surface of the aluminum substrates to form a gel during the phosphating process. These gel particles were good crystal seeds, which helped to form phosphate crystal nuclei and possess the function of a nucleation agent that could decrease the phosphate crystal size. The corrosion resistance of the formed zinc phosphate coatings was improved.
基金Supported by Ren ZHANG inheritance studio of national famous senior TCM experts,National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine:154,296,231,683Jinshan Health Committee Jinshan District key medical specialty of health system。
文摘Prof.Ren ZHANG’s experience in clinical treatment of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders(NMOSD)is summarized in this paper.The pathogenesis of this kind of disease is complicated.Prof.Ren ZHANG treats it in both symptoms and root cause.In the acute stage and remission stage,based on the standard application of western medicines,acupuncture should be applied as early as possible and continued.In the acute stage,acupuncture can be an alternative and complementary treatment to reduce the adverse reaction of high dose hormone and shorten the acute course of this disease.In the remission stage,acupuncture can not only improve the visual function of patients,but also helps to retard the deterioration of this disease,reduce the recurrence and disability degree,having a long-term effect.The specific treatment method of Prof.Ren ZHANG emphasizes a combination of acupuncture and acupoint injection,with the extraordinary points as the main acupoints and coordinate with meridian acupoints in application.In the manipulation,it is emphasized deep insertion,penetrating method,and needling sensation to the diseased location.For the treatment course,it is emphasized that early intervention and long-term regular treatment.Here is the summarization of Prof.Ren ZHANG’s experience in treating this disease,which can be the reference for clinicians.
