In modern society,the ceaselessly increasing demand for clean energy has spurred the exploration of novel low-carbon technologies.Nuclear power has proven its effectiveness in resolving the energy crisis.With the rapi...In modern society,the ceaselessly increasing demand for clean energy has spurred the exploration of novel low-carbon technologies.Nuclear power has proven its effectiveness in resolving the energy crisis.With the rapid expansion of nuclear power facilitating humanity’s shift towards a low-carbon energy society,proper management of nuclear waste generated by nuclear plants has become crucial for minimizing environmental impacts and alleviating public concerns.To promote the development of removal techniques and control strategies for radionuclides in the wastewater,we have organized a special topic on“Nuclear Environment Advances”in National Science Open(NSO).We have invited nine scientists from different fields to present their latest research findings and prospective analyses of radionuclides in the environment systematically.Continuous attention to nuclear safety,strict regulatory supervision,and enhanced emergency response measures are of great significance for reducing the environmental impact during operation of nuclear plants.Assessing the impacts of radiation on various organisms to understand the toxicity mechanisms,potential health effects,and dose-response relationships related to radionuclide exposure can help assess the potential consequences of radionuclide leakage and providing information for decision making in risk management.Huang et al.[1]provide an overview and highlight the importance of environmental toxicology in the risk assessment and management of radionuclides,suggesting that both chemical toxicity and radiotoxicity are indispensable in evaluating the toxicology of radionuclides.Concerned about the absence of environmental pollution standards,they suggest that future research should focus on the long-term impacts of these radionuclides on human health,especially the risks related to low-dose radiation exposure.In the nuclear fuel cycle,radioactive iodine is one of the major gaseous contaminants due to nuclear energy utilization,posing threats to the environment and public health.Covalent Organic Frameworks(COFs)are as a novel class of crystalline porous materials that has been proven promising for iodine capture.Chen et al.[2]systematically analyze the structure-activity relationship of COFs in iodine adsorption by evaluating the critical factors like pore structure,electron-rich groups,and ionic sites influencing adsorption performance.展开更多
Copper is a strategic metal that plays an important role in many industries.In copper metallurgy,electrolytic refining is essential to obtain high-purity copper.However,during the electrolytic refining process,impurit...Copper is a strategic metal that plays an important role in many industries.In copper metallurgy,electrolytic refining is essential to obtain high-purity copper.However,during the electrolytic refining process,impurities such as arsenic are introduced into the electrolyte,which significantly affect the subsequent production and quality of copper products.This paper first discusses the sources,forms,and transformation pathways of arsenic in copper electrolyte during the electrolytic process,then reviews various arsenic removal technologies in detail,including electrowinning,adsorption,solvent extraction,ion exchange,membrane filtration,and precipitation.Particular emphasis is placed on electrowinning,which is the most widely used and mature among these arsenic removal techniques.The paper evaluates these methods based on arsenic removal efficiency,cost effectiveness,technical maturity,environmental friendliness,and operation simplicity.In addition,the paper explores future trends in copper electrolyte purification,focusing on waste reduction at source,resource utilization,intelligent digitalization,and innovations in materials and processes.This review aims to provide researchers and practitioners with a comprehensive and in-depth reference on arsenic removal methods in copper electrolytes.展开更多
BACKGROUND The majority of published reports on foreign bodies(FBs)involve the rectum and applied a transanal retrieval.Usually,patients with FB above the rectum are subjected to laparotomy for removal.Here,we illustr...BACKGROUND The majority of published reports on foreign bodies(FBs)involve the rectum and applied a transanal retrieval.Usually,patients with FB above the rectum are subjected to laparotomy for removal.Here,we illustrate the case of a man with an FB that had migrated into the descending colon,and its successful removal via a laparoscopic approach.CASE SUMMARY A 43-year-old man,who had the habit of FB insertion into his anus to aid defe-cation,presented upon experience of such an FB slipping through and migrating upward to the distal colon.Plain abdominal radiograph revealed a bottle-shaped FB,positioned in the left iliac fossa region.The FB was successfully removed via a laparoscopic-assisted procedure in which we combined diagnostic laparoscopic and endoscopic techniques during surgery.The patient was monitored for 2 d postoperatively and subsequently discharged home.CONCLUSION A minimally invasive approach should be adopted to aid extraction of colorectal FB as it is effective and safe.展开更多
Arsenic(As)contamination in the groundwater is a global issue,and its adverse effects on human life and the environment have been widely described,especially in Asian countries.Myanmar is a Southeast Asian country,wit...Arsenic(As)contamination in the groundwater is a global issue,and its adverse effects on human life and the environment have been widely described,especially in Asian countries.Myanmar is a Southeast Asian country,with an annual groundwater resource potential of 495 km3.A higher amount of As contamination(>50μm)has been reported in the Ayeyarwady region.Together with As,other toxic metals and substances,such as F,Fe,Mn,and saline water intrusions have been observed to contaminate groundwater in Myanmar.Evidence and verification of health-related assessment problems still need to be carried out.The most widely used As-removal technique in Myanmar is the gravel–sand filter method.Many drinking water tube wells and dug wells in Myanmar have been tested for As contamination,but As-removal methods need improvement.No law for the regulation and management of groundwater resources has yet been implemented in the country;thus,the groundwater abstraction process is disorganized.Here,we review the assessment of the As contamination process in Myanmar,their source,and their sustainability.A protection,security,and management of groundwater in Myanmar can be sustainably improved by increasing awareness with the help of non-governmental organizations(NGOs)and international sources.展开更多
The spread of antibiotic resistance is a global threat,causing elevated death rates and economic costs.A growing number of studies have focused on the removal of antibiotic resistant bacteria(ARB)andantibiotic resista...The spread of antibiotic resistance is a global threat,causing elevated death rates and economic costs.A growing number of studies have focused on the removal of antibiotic resistant bacteria(ARB)andantibiotic resistance genes(ARGs)in environmental settings.However,summaries and reviews ofremoval techniques are limited.This study examined publications on ARB and ARGs removal from1998 to 2023 through a bibliometric approach based on the Web of Science database.Researchprogress during the past 26 years was analyzed by collecting annual publications,countries,journalsand keywords.The number of articles related to the removal of ARB and ARGs has increasedannually.The main types of ARB and ARGs,their environmental milieus and the most commonlystudied removal techniques were summarized by keyword clustering.The results revealed thattetracycline-and sulfonamide-resistant bacteria are the ARB of greatest concern;that sul1,sul2,andtetA are the most frequently studied ARGs;and that municipal sewage and drinking water are the moststudied ARB and ARGs transmission sites.For treatment techniques,adsorption technology is themost widely studied,and the selection of adsorption materials is particularly important,withnanomaterials and biomodified materials having great prospects for development.The combination ofmembrane filtration with advanced oxidation treatment or biodegradation technology is the mostpromising technology in this field.Our findings can inform future efforts to further reduce thedistribution risks of antibiotic resistance and improve removal techniques.展开更多
文摘In modern society,the ceaselessly increasing demand for clean energy has spurred the exploration of novel low-carbon technologies.Nuclear power has proven its effectiveness in resolving the energy crisis.With the rapid expansion of nuclear power facilitating humanity’s shift towards a low-carbon energy society,proper management of nuclear waste generated by nuclear plants has become crucial for minimizing environmental impacts and alleviating public concerns.To promote the development of removal techniques and control strategies for radionuclides in the wastewater,we have organized a special topic on“Nuclear Environment Advances”in National Science Open(NSO).We have invited nine scientists from different fields to present their latest research findings and prospective analyses of radionuclides in the environment systematically.Continuous attention to nuclear safety,strict regulatory supervision,and enhanced emergency response measures are of great significance for reducing the environmental impact during operation of nuclear plants.Assessing the impacts of radiation on various organisms to understand the toxicity mechanisms,potential health effects,and dose-response relationships related to radionuclide exposure can help assess the potential consequences of radionuclide leakage and providing information for decision making in risk management.Huang et al.[1]provide an overview and highlight the importance of environmental toxicology in the risk assessment and management of radionuclides,suggesting that both chemical toxicity and radiotoxicity are indispensable in evaluating the toxicology of radionuclides.Concerned about the absence of environmental pollution standards,they suggest that future research should focus on the long-term impacts of these radionuclides on human health,especially the risks related to low-dose radiation exposure.In the nuclear fuel cycle,radioactive iodine is one of the major gaseous contaminants due to nuclear energy utilization,posing threats to the environment and public health.Covalent Organic Frameworks(COFs)are as a novel class of crystalline porous materials that has been proven promising for iodine capture.Chen et al.[2]systematically analyze the structure-activity relationship of COFs in iodine adsorption by evaluating the critical factors like pore structure,electron-rich groups,and ionic sites influencing adsorption performance.
基金Project(52174385)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProjects(2023YFC3904003,2023YFC3904004,2023YFC390400501)supported by the National Key R&D Program of China。
文摘Copper is a strategic metal that plays an important role in many industries.In copper metallurgy,electrolytic refining is essential to obtain high-purity copper.However,during the electrolytic refining process,impurities such as arsenic are introduced into the electrolyte,which significantly affect the subsequent production and quality of copper products.This paper first discusses the sources,forms,and transformation pathways of arsenic in copper electrolyte during the electrolytic process,then reviews various arsenic removal technologies in detail,including electrowinning,adsorption,solvent extraction,ion exchange,membrane filtration,and precipitation.Particular emphasis is placed on electrowinning,which is the most widely used and mature among these arsenic removal techniques.The paper evaluates these methods based on arsenic removal efficiency,cost effectiveness,technical maturity,environmental friendliness,and operation simplicity.In addition,the paper explores future trends in copper electrolyte purification,focusing on waste reduction at source,resource utilization,intelligent digitalization,and innovations in materials and processes.This review aims to provide researchers and practitioners with a comprehensive and in-depth reference on arsenic removal methods in copper electrolytes.
文摘BACKGROUND The majority of published reports on foreign bodies(FBs)involve the rectum and applied a transanal retrieval.Usually,patients with FB above the rectum are subjected to laparotomy for removal.Here,we illustrate the case of a man with an FB that had migrated into the descending colon,and its successful removal via a laparoscopic approach.CASE SUMMARY A 43-year-old man,who had the habit of FB insertion into his anus to aid defe-cation,presented upon experience of such an FB slipping through and migrating upward to the distal colon.Plain abdominal radiograph revealed a bottle-shaped FB,positioned in the left iliac fossa region.The FB was successfully removed via a laparoscopic-assisted procedure in which we combined diagnostic laparoscopic and endoscopic techniques during surgery.The patient was monitored for 2 d postoperatively and subsequently discharged home.CONCLUSION A minimally invasive approach should be adopted to aid extraction of colorectal FB as it is effective and safe.
基金the Korea Ministry of Environment through the strategic EcoSSSoil Project(grant numbers 2019002820004)the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)funded by the Ministry of Education(grant numbers 2019R1I1A2A01057002 and 2019R1A6A1A03033167).
文摘Arsenic(As)contamination in the groundwater is a global issue,and its adverse effects on human life and the environment have been widely described,especially in Asian countries.Myanmar is a Southeast Asian country,with an annual groundwater resource potential of 495 km3.A higher amount of As contamination(>50μm)has been reported in the Ayeyarwady region.Together with As,other toxic metals and substances,such as F,Fe,Mn,and saline water intrusions have been observed to contaminate groundwater in Myanmar.Evidence and verification of health-related assessment problems still need to be carried out.The most widely used As-removal technique in Myanmar is the gravel–sand filter method.Many drinking water tube wells and dug wells in Myanmar have been tested for As contamination,but As-removal methods need improvement.No law for the regulation and management of groundwater resources has yet been implemented in the country;thus,the groundwater abstraction process is disorganized.Here,we review the assessment of the As contamination process in Myanmar,their source,and their sustainability.A protection,security,and management of groundwater in Myanmar can be sustainably improved by increasing awareness with the help of non-governmental organizations(NGOs)and international sources.
基金supported by the NationalNatural Science Foundation of China(No.42307529)the Hebei NaturalScience Foundation(Nos.C2023110006 and E2023110001)+1 种基金the ResearchFund of Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology(TJKLAST-PT-2021-04)the Cangzhou Institute of TiangongUniversity(No.TGCYY-F-0103).
文摘The spread of antibiotic resistance is a global threat,causing elevated death rates and economic costs.A growing number of studies have focused on the removal of antibiotic resistant bacteria(ARB)andantibiotic resistance genes(ARGs)in environmental settings.However,summaries and reviews ofremoval techniques are limited.This study examined publications on ARB and ARGs removal from1998 to 2023 through a bibliometric approach based on the Web of Science database.Researchprogress during the past 26 years was analyzed by collecting annual publications,countries,journalsand keywords.The number of articles related to the removal of ARB and ARGs has increasedannually.The main types of ARB and ARGs,their environmental milieus and the most commonlystudied removal techniques were summarized by keyword clustering.The results revealed thattetracycline-and sulfonamide-resistant bacteria are the ARB of greatest concern;that sul1,sul2,andtetA are the most frequently studied ARGs;and that municipal sewage and drinking water are the moststudied ARB and ARGs transmission sites.For treatment techniques,adsorption technology is themost widely studied,and the selection of adsorption materials is particularly important,withnanomaterials and biomodified materials having great prospects for development.The combination ofmembrane filtration with advanced oxidation treatment or biodegradation technology is the mostpromising technology in this field.Our findings can inform future efforts to further reduce thedistribution risks of antibiotic resistance and improve removal techniques.
