Metal-organic frameworks(MOFs) provide great prospective in the photodegradation of pollutants. Nevertheless, the poor separation and recovery hamper their pilot-or industrial-scare applications because of their micro...Metal-organic frameworks(MOFs) provide great prospective in the photodegradation of pollutants. Nevertheless, the poor separation and recovery hamper their pilot-or industrial-scare applications because of their microcrystalline features. Herein, this challenge can be tackled by integrating Cu-MOFs into an alginate substrate to offer environmentally friendly, sustainable, facile separation, and high-performance MOF-based hydrogel photocatalysis platforms. The CuⅡ-MOF 1 and CuⅠ-MOF 2 were initially synthesized through a direct diffusion and single-crystal to single-crystal(SCSC) transformation method, respectively,and after the immobilization into alginate, more effective pollutant decontamination was achieved via the synergistic effect of the adsorption feature of hydrogel and in situ photodegradation of Cu-MOFs.Specifically, Cu-MOF-alginate composites present an improved and nearly completed Cr(Ⅵ) elimination at a short time of 15–25 min. Additionally, the congo red(CR) decolorization can be effectively enhanced in the presence of Cr(Ⅵ), and 1-alginate showed superior simultaneous decontamination efficiency of CR and Cr(Ⅵ) with 99% and 78%, respectively. Furthermore, Cu-MOF-alginate composites can maintain a high pollutant removal after over 10 continuous cycles(95% for Cr(Ⅵ) after 14 runs, and 90% for CR after 10runs). Moreover, the Cr(Ⅵ)/CR degradation mechanism for Cu-MOF-alginate composite was investigated.展开更多
The detection of hypersonic targets usually confronts range migration(RM)issue before coherent integration(CI).The traditional methods aiming at correcting RM to obtain CI mainly considers the narrow-band radar condit...The detection of hypersonic targets usually confronts range migration(RM)issue before coherent integration(CI).The traditional methods aiming at correcting RM to obtain CI mainly considers the narrow-band radar condition.However,with the increasing requirement of far-range detection,the time bandwidth product,which is corresponding to radar’s mean power,should be promoted in actual application.Thus,the echo signal generates the scale effect(SE)at large time bandwidth product situation,influencing the intra and inter pulse integration performance.To eliminate SE and correct RM,this paper proposes an effective algorithm,i.e.,scaled location rotation transform(ScLRT).The ScLRT can remove SE to obtain the matching pulse compression(PC)as well as correct RM to complete CI via the location rotation transform,being implemented by seeking the actual rotation angle.Compared to the traditional coherent detection algorithms,Sc LRT can address the SE problem to achieve better detection/estimation capabilities.At last,this paper gives several simulations to assess the viability of ScLRT.展开更多
Batch experiments were conducted to evaluate fluoride removal by Al,Fe,and Ti-based coagulants and adsorbents,as well as the effects of coexisting ions and formation of aluminum–fluoride complexes on fluoride removal...Batch experiments were conducted to evaluate fluoride removal by Al,Fe,and Ti-based coagulants and adsorbents,as well as the effects of coexisting ions and formation of aluminum–fluoride complexes on fluoride removal by co-precipitation with alum（Al_2（SO_4）_3·18H_2O）.Aluminum sulfate was more efficient than the other coagulants for fluoride removal in the pH range between 6 and 8.Nano-crystalline TiO_2 was more effective for fluoride removal than Al and Fe hydroxides in a pH range of 3–5.Coexisting anions in water decreased the removal of fluoride in the order：phosphate（2.5 mg/L） 〉 arsenate（0.1 mg/L） 〉 bicarbonate（200 mg/L） 〉sulfate（100 mg/L） = nitrate（100 mg/L） 〉 silicate（10 mg/L） at a pH of 6.0.The effect of silicate became more significant at pH 〉 7.0.Calcium and magnesium improved the removal of fluoride.Zeta-potential measurements determined that the adsorption of fluoride shifted the PZC of Al（OH）_3 precipitates from 8.9 to 8.4,indicating the chemical adsorption of fluoride at the surface.The presence of fluoride in solution significantly increased the soluble aluminum concentration at pH 〈 6.5.A Visual MINTEQ modeling study indicated that the increased aluminum solubility was caused by the formation of AlF^（2＋）,AlF^（＋2）,and AlF_3complexes.The AlF_x complexes decreased the removal of fluoride during co-precipitation with aluminum sulfate.展开更多
[Objective] The research aimed to study influence factors of phosphorus removal by chemical method in sewage treatment system. [ Method] In different reaction systems, removal effect of the phosphorus in sewage by dos...[Objective] The research aimed to study influence factors of phosphorus removal by chemical method in sewage treatment system. [ Method] In different reaction systems, removal effect of the phosphorus in sewage by dosing lime and influence of the constraint factor were stud- ied. [ Result] Lime precipitation method treating high-concentration phosphorus wastewater could not only decline cost of phosphorus removal by chemical method, but also reach better treatment effect under suitable stirring and precipitation conditions by controlling alkalinity and pH. Phosphor- us content of chemical sludge after treatment could reach 9% -12%, with higher recyclable value. E Conclusion] Lime method treating phosphorus- rich sewage was more economic than low-concentration phosphorus sewage, and had very great potential for recycling phosphorus.展开更多
Removal of the length ef fect in otolith shape analysis for stock identification using length scaling is an important issue; however, few studies have attempted to investigate the ef fectiveness or weakness of this me...Removal of the length ef fect in otolith shape analysis for stock identification using length scaling is an important issue; however, few studies have attempted to investigate the ef fectiveness or weakness of this methodology in application. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether commonly used size scaling methods and normalized elliptic Fourier descriptors(NEFDs) could ef fectively remove the size ef fect of fish in stock discrimination. To achieve this goal, length groups from two known geographical stocks of yellow croaker, L arimichthys polyactis, along the Chinese coast(five groups from the Changjiang River estuary of the East China Sea and three groups from the Bohai Sea) were subjected to otolith shape analysis. The results indicated that the variation of otolith shape caused by intra-stock fish length might exceed that due to inter-stock geographical separation, even when otolith shape variables are standardized with length scaling methods. This variation could easily result in misleading stock discrimination through otolith shape analysis. Therefore, conclusions about fish stock structure should be carefully drawn from otolith shape analysis because the observed discrimination may primarily be due to length ef fects, rather than dif ferences among stocks. The application of multiple methods, such as otoliths shape analysis combined with elemental fingering, tagging or genetic analysis, is recommended for sock identification.展开更多
[Objectives]To investigate the removal effect of nitrifying bacteria on ammonia nitrogen in water.[Methods]In this experiment,the treated water(referred to as raw water hereinafter)from the Changping Town Qiaoli Water...[Objectives]To investigate the removal effect of nitrifying bacteria on ammonia nitrogen in water.[Methods]In this experiment,the treated water(referred to as raw water hereinafter)from the Changping Town Qiaoli Water Treatment Project in Dongguan City of Guangdong Province was used as the experimental water body,and the nitrifying bacteria liquid used in the project was taken as the experimental material,to explore the removal effect of the nitrifying bacteria liquid on the ammonia nitrogen in the water body.[Results]Under the condition that other variables remain unchanged,the more the amount of nitrifying bacteria liquid added,the higher the removal efficiency of nitrifying bacteria liquid;under the same conditions,the removal effect of ammonia nitrogen in a stirred water body is better than that in an unstirred water body;the removal effect of ammonia nitrogen in a water body with bio-media/carriers is better than that without bio-media/carriers.[Conclusions]Nitrifying bacteria have a better removal effect on the ammonia nitrogen in the water body.展开更多
The advancement of energy storage technology has paved the way for the application of electrochemi-cal processes in achieving low-carbon and precise environmental pollution reduction.Electrodes play a crucial role in ...The advancement of energy storage technology has paved the way for the application of electrochemi-cal processes in achieving low-carbon and precise environmental pollution reduction.Electrodes play a crucial role in efficiently removing organic pollutants and heavy metals.To implement electrochemical pollution control technology in practical engineering,flexible electrode preparation is vital.This review highlights recent progress in flexible electrode research,focusing on the selection and structural design of flexible electrode materials.It summarizes the latest advancements in current collectors,active mate-rials,and preparation methods to enhance conductivity,flexibility,and cycle stability.The application of flexible electrodes in water pollution control is categorized into three aspects:Organic pollutants,inor-ganic pollutants,and composite pollutants.Finally,the challenges and research requirements for enhanc-ing electrode flexibility in environmental governance are discussed,along with prospects for their future applications.展开更多
Antimony ore dressing wastewater was treated by using Bacillus sp. and the influences of treatment time, temperature, inoculation size, and pH value on Sb removal effect were explored. The results showed that the best...Antimony ore dressing wastewater was treated by using Bacillus sp. and the influences of treatment time, temperature, inoculation size, and pH value on Sb removal effect were explored. The results showed that the best removal efficiency of Sb in mineral processing wastewater could reach 99.75% in 4 d under the optimum conditions of 30 ℃, microbial inoculated quantity 5%, and pH value at 2.0. After the treatment, the concentration of Sb in wastewater was reduced from 122.21 to 0.30mg/L, which was lower than the local industrial wastewater discharge standard of0.50 mg/L.展开更多
The milling stability of thin-walled components is an important issue in the aviation manufacturing industry,which greatly limits the removal rate of a workpiece.However,for a thin-walled workpiece,the dynamic charact...The milling stability of thin-walled components is an important issue in the aviation manufacturing industry,which greatly limits the removal rate of a workpiece.However,for a thin-walled workpiece,the dynamic characteristics vary at different positions.In addition,the removed part also has influence on determining the modal parameters of the workpiece.Thus,the milling stability is also time-variant.In this work,in order to investigate the time variation of a workpiece's dynamic characteristics,a new computational model is firstly derived by dividing the workpiece into a removed part and a remaining part with the Ritz method.Then,an updated frequency response function is obtained by Lagrange's equation and the corresponding modal parameters are extracted.Finally,multi-mode stability lobes are plotted by the different quadrature method and its accuracy is verified by experiments.The proposed method improves the computational efficiency to predict the time-varying characteristics of a thin-walled workpiece.展开更多
MODIS snow products MOD10A1\MYD10A1 provided us a unique chance to investigate snow cover as well as its spatial-temporal variability in response to global changes from regional and global perspectives.By means of MOD...MODIS snow products MOD10A1\MYD10A1 provided us a unique chance to investigate snow cover as well as its spatial-temporal variability in response to global changes from regional and global perspectives.By means of MODIS snow products MOD10A1\MYD10A1 derived from an extensive area of the Amur River Basin,mainly located in the Northeast part of China,some part in far east area of the former USSR and a minor part in Republic of Mongolia,the reproduced snow datasets after removal of cloud effects covering the whole watershed of the Amur River Basin were generated by using 6 different cloud-effect-removing algorithms.The accuracy of the reproduced snow products was evaluated with the time series of snow depth data observed from 2002 to 2010 within the Chinese part of the basin,and the results suggested that the accuracies for the reproduced monthly mean snow depth datasets derived from 6 different cloud-effect-removing algorithms varied from 82%to 96%,the snow classification accuracies(the harmonic mean of Recall and Precision)was higher than 80%,close to the accuracy of the original snow product under clear sky conditions when snow cover was stably accumulated.By using the reproduced snow product dataset with the best validated cloud-effect-removing algorithm newly proposed,spatial-temporal variability of snow coverage fraction(SCF),the date when snow cover started to accumulate(SCS)as well as the date when being melted off(SCM)in the Amur River Basin from 2002 to 2016 were investigated.The results indicated that the SCF characterized the significant spatial heterogeneity tended to be higher towards East and North but lower toward West and South over the Amur River Basin.The inter-annual variations of SCF showed an insignificant increase in general with slight fluctuations in majority part of the basin.Both SCS and SCM tended to be slightly linear varied and the inter-annual differences were obvious.In addition,a clear decreasing trend in snow cover is observed in the region.Trend analysis(at 10%significance level)showed that 71%of areas between 2,000 and 2,380 m a.s.l.experienced a reduction in duration and coverage of annual snow cover.Moreover,a severe snow cover reduction during recent years with sharp fluctuations was investigated.Overall spatial-temporal variability of Both SCS and SCM tended to coincide with that of SCF over the basin in general.展开更多
[Objective] The reseamh aimed to study removal effects of the organic matter and N by box filler enhancing MBR process. [ Method] By adding box filler into reaction pool of the MBR to treat domestic sewage, removal ef...[Objective] The reseamh aimed to study removal effects of the organic matter and N by box filler enhancing MBR process. [ Method] By adding box filler into reaction pool of the MBR to treat domestic sewage, removal effects of the organic matter and N by box filler enhancing MBR process were studied. [ Result] COD means in effluent were respectively 26.8 and 24.7 mg/L without and with adding filler. Average removal rates of the NH3-N were respectively 98.44% and 96.37% with and without dosing filler, while average removal rates of the TN were 24.03% and 16.43%, respectively. COD and NH3-N concentrations in effluent were lower than Level-one A cdteda of Discharge Standard of the Pollutant for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant （ GB18918 -2002）. NO3^ -N was main existence form of the TN in effluent and occupied 98.06%, while NH3- N and NO2^--N only accounted for.1.22% and 0.72%. Further suggestion for denitrification study was as below. Firstly, the proportion of box filler on volume of the reaction cell should increase to 4% -5%. Secondly, single smaller filler with larger amount of internal fiber ought to be replaced. Thirdly, aeration amount needed to be decreased to right value, making that DO of the MBR reaction cell reduced to 1.5 -3.0 mg/L. [ Conclusion] The research provided theoretical basis for future engineering practice.展开更多
Tetrodotoxin(TTX)is a potent neurotoxin found in nature,the possible presence of TTX in pufferfish ovaries,liver,and other processing waste poses a serious environmental and safety hazard.Lactic acid bacteria(LAB)was ...Tetrodotoxin(TTX)is a potent neurotoxin found in nature,the possible presence of TTX in pufferfish ovaries,liver,and other processing waste poses a serious environmental and safety hazard.Lactic acid bacteria(LAB)was found to be able to remove a variety of harmful substances,however,its elimination action and mechanism on Trx is not clear.In this study,the removal effects of different states(activated,inactivated,and fragmented LABs)of three LAB strains on TTX amount and toxicity were tested and compared.It was found that thermal inactivated LABs had the best effect,which could reduce the TTX amount by 49.0%-60.33%and decrease the toxicity of TTX by 57.0%-83.67%.In addition,peptidoglycan(PG)of three strains of LABs was found to be a key component in the removal of TTX,which could decrease the toxicity of TTx by more than 87.0%.By analyzing the changes of functional groups of PGs,zeta-potential and binding effect between PG and TTX before and after the masking of carboxyl or amino groups of PGs,it was found that the removal effect of PG to TTX was significantly decreased(>55.0%)when the carboxyl or amino groups of PGs were masked.At the same time,the zeta-potential of PG combined with TTX was also decreased.These results suggested that the amino and carboxyl groups of PGs were important action sites for the binding interaction between LAB and TTX,and electrostatic interaction might be one of the ways of binding between PG and TTX.Our study could provide a scientific supporting on the removal action mechanism research of PG to TTX.展开更多
The therapeutic effects of activating blood circulation to remove stasis of Chinese medicine （CM） in the prevention and treatment of atherosclerotic diseases such as coronary artery disease and angina are generally ...The therapeutic effects of activating blood circulation to remove stasis of Chinese medicine （CM） in the prevention and treatment of atherosclerotic diseases such as coronary artery disease and angina are generally acknowledged. In recent years, to further improve the therapeutic effects of those Chinese herbs on such diseases, we have carried out a series of studies of CM medications with the function of clearing heat and removing toxic substances combined with activating blood circulation to remove stasis.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22077099,22171223 and 22307102)the Innovation Capability Support Program of Shaanxi(Nos.2023-CX-TD-75 and 2022KJXX-32)+5 种基金the Technology Innovation Leading Program of Shaanxi(Nos.2023KXJ-209 and 2024QCYKXJ-142)the Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi(Nos.2023-JC-YB-141 and 2022JQ-151)the Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi(No.2024GH-ZDXM-22)Young Talent Fund of Association for Science and Technology in Shaanxi,China(No.SWYY202206)the Shaanxi Fundamental Science Research Project for Chemistry&Biology(Nos.22JHZ010 and 22JHQ080)the Yan’an City Science and Technology Project(No.2022SLZDCY-002).
文摘Metal-organic frameworks(MOFs) provide great prospective in the photodegradation of pollutants. Nevertheless, the poor separation and recovery hamper their pilot-or industrial-scare applications because of their microcrystalline features. Herein, this challenge can be tackled by integrating Cu-MOFs into an alginate substrate to offer environmentally friendly, sustainable, facile separation, and high-performance MOF-based hydrogel photocatalysis platforms. The CuⅡ-MOF 1 and CuⅠ-MOF 2 were initially synthesized through a direct diffusion and single-crystal to single-crystal(SCSC) transformation method, respectively,and after the immobilization into alginate, more effective pollutant decontamination was achieved via the synergistic effect of the adsorption feature of hydrogel and in situ photodegradation of Cu-MOFs.Specifically, Cu-MOF-alginate composites present an improved and nearly completed Cr(Ⅵ) elimination at a short time of 15–25 min. Additionally, the congo red(CR) decolorization can be effectively enhanced in the presence of Cr(Ⅵ), and 1-alginate showed superior simultaneous decontamination efficiency of CR and Cr(Ⅵ) with 99% and 78%, respectively. Furthermore, Cu-MOF-alginate composites can maintain a high pollutant removal after over 10 continuous cycles(95% for Cr(Ⅵ) after 14 runs, and 90% for CR after 10runs). Moreover, the Cr(Ⅵ)/CR degradation mechanism for Cu-MOF-alginate composite was investigated.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62101099)the Chinese Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2021M690558,2022T150100,2018M633352,2019T120825)+3 种基金the Young Elite Scientist Sponsorship Program(YESS20200082)the Aeronautical Science Foundation of China(2022Z017080001)the Open Foundation of Science and Technology on Electronic Information Control Laboratorythe Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province(2023NSFSC1386)。
文摘The detection of hypersonic targets usually confronts range migration(RM)issue before coherent integration(CI).The traditional methods aiming at correcting RM to obtain CI mainly considers the narrow-band radar condition.However,with the increasing requirement of far-range detection,the time bandwidth product,which is corresponding to radar’s mean power,should be promoted in actual application.Thus,the echo signal generates the scale effect(SE)at large time bandwidth product situation,influencing the intra and inter pulse integration performance.To eliminate SE and correct RM,this paper proposes an effective algorithm,i.e.,scaled location rotation transform(ScLRT).The ScLRT can remove SE to obtain the matching pulse compression(PC)as well as correct RM to complete CI via the location rotation transform,being implemented by seeking the actual rotation angle.Compared to the traditional coherent detection algorithms,Sc LRT can address the SE problem to achieve better detection/estimation capabilities.At last,this paper gives several simulations to assess the viability of ScLRT.
文摘Batch experiments were conducted to evaluate fluoride removal by Al,Fe,and Ti-based coagulants and adsorbents,as well as the effects of coexisting ions and formation of aluminum–fluoride complexes on fluoride removal by co-precipitation with alum（Al_2（SO_4）_3·18H_2O）.Aluminum sulfate was more efficient than the other coagulants for fluoride removal in the pH range between 6 and 8.Nano-crystalline TiO_2 was more effective for fluoride removal than Al and Fe hydroxides in a pH range of 3–5.Coexisting anions in water decreased the removal of fluoride in the order：phosphate（2.5 mg/L） 〉 arsenate（0.1 mg/L） 〉 bicarbonate（200 mg/L） 〉sulfate（100 mg/L） = nitrate（100 mg/L） 〉 silicate（10 mg/L） at a pH of 6.0.The effect of silicate became more significant at pH 〉 7.0.Calcium and magnesium improved the removal of fluoride.Zeta-potential measurements determined that the adsorption of fluoride shifted the PZC of Al（OH）_3 precipitates from 8.9 to 8.4,indicating the chemical adsorption of fluoride at the surface.The presence of fluoride in solution significantly increased the soluble aluminum concentration at pH 〈 6.5.A Visual MINTEQ modeling study indicated that the increased aluminum solubility was caused by the formation of AlF^（2＋）,AlF^（＋2）,and AlF_3complexes.The AlF_x complexes decreased the removal of fluoride during co-precipitation with aluminum sulfate.
文摘[Objective] The research aimed to study influence factors of phosphorus removal by chemical method in sewage treatment system. [ Method] In different reaction systems, removal effect of the phosphorus in sewage by dosing lime and influence of the constraint factor were stud- ied. [ Result] Lime precipitation method treating high-concentration phosphorus wastewater could not only decline cost of phosphorus removal by chemical method, but also reach better treatment effect under suitable stirring and precipitation conditions by controlling alkalinity and pH. Phosphor- us content of chemical sludge after treatment could reach 9% -12%, with higher recyclable value. E Conclusion] Lime method treating phosphorus- rich sewage was more economic than low-concentration phosphorus sewage, and had very great potential for recycling phosphorus.
基金Supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(973 Program)(No.2015CB453302)the NSFC-Shandong Joint Fund for Marine Science Research Centre(No.U1606404)the Aoshan Science and Technology Innovation Project(No.2015ASKJ02-04)
文摘Removal of the length ef fect in otolith shape analysis for stock identification using length scaling is an important issue; however, few studies have attempted to investigate the ef fectiveness or weakness of this methodology in application. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether commonly used size scaling methods and normalized elliptic Fourier descriptors(NEFDs) could ef fectively remove the size ef fect of fish in stock discrimination. To achieve this goal, length groups from two known geographical stocks of yellow croaker, L arimichthys polyactis, along the Chinese coast(five groups from the Changjiang River estuary of the East China Sea and three groups from the Bohai Sea) were subjected to otolith shape analysis. The results indicated that the variation of otolith shape caused by intra-stock fish length might exceed that due to inter-stock geographical separation, even when otolith shape variables are standardized with length scaling methods. This variation could easily result in misleading stock discrimination through otolith shape analysis. Therefore, conclusions about fish stock structure should be carefully drawn from otolith shape analysis because the observed discrimination may primarily be due to length ef fects, rather than dif ferences among stocks. The application of multiple methods, such as otoliths shape analysis combined with elemental fingering, tagging or genetic analysis, is recommended for sock identification.
基金Special Project in Key Fields of Higher Education Institutions in Guangdong Province(Science and Technology Serving Rural Revitalization)“Research and Development of Key Technologies for the Utilization of Manure from Large-scale Livestock and Poultry Breeding in Rural Areas of Western Guangdong”(2021ZDZX4023)Special Fund Project for Enterprise Science and Technology Commissioners of Guangdong Province in 2020(GDKTP2020059100)+2 种基金Quality Engineering and Educational Reform Project of Zhaoqing University(zlgc 201931)Guangdong University Innovation Team(2021KCXTD055)Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Health and Land Resource(2020B121201014).
文摘[Objectives]To investigate the removal effect of nitrifying bacteria on ammonia nitrogen in water.[Methods]In this experiment,the treated water(referred to as raw water hereinafter)from the Changping Town Qiaoli Water Treatment Project in Dongguan City of Guangdong Province was used as the experimental water body,and the nitrifying bacteria liquid used in the project was taken as the experimental material,to explore the removal effect of the nitrifying bacteria liquid on the ammonia nitrogen in the water body.[Results]Under the condition that other variables remain unchanged,the more the amount of nitrifying bacteria liquid added,the higher the removal efficiency of nitrifying bacteria liquid;under the same conditions,the removal effect of ammonia nitrogen in a stirred water body is better than that in an unstirred water body;the removal effect of ammonia nitrogen in a water body with bio-media/carriers is better than that without bio-media/carriers.[Conclusions]Nitrifying bacteria have a better removal effect on the ammonia nitrogen in the water body.
基金support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42107226)Intergovernmental International Cooperation on Scientific and Technological Innovation(No.2023YFE0122500)Open Project of State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment,Harbin Institute of Technology(No.ES202223).
文摘The advancement of energy storage technology has paved the way for the application of electrochemi-cal processes in achieving low-carbon and precise environmental pollution reduction.Electrodes play a crucial role in efficiently removing organic pollutants and heavy metals.To implement electrochemical pollution control technology in practical engineering,flexible electrode preparation is vital.This review highlights recent progress in flexible electrode research,focusing on the selection and structural design of flexible electrode materials.It summarizes the latest advancements in current collectors,active mate-rials,and preparation methods to enhance conductivity,flexibility,and cycle stability.The application of flexible electrodes in water pollution control is categorized into three aspects:Organic pollutants,inor-ganic pollutants,and composite pollutants.Finally,the challenges and research requirements for enhanc-ing electrode flexibility in environmental governance are discussed,along with prospects for their future applications.
基金Supported by National Water Pollution and Treatment Major Project(2009ZX07212001)Hunan Environment Protection Technology Major Project(2009sk4013)~~
文摘Antimony ore dressing wastewater was treated by using Bacillus sp. and the influences of treatment time, temperature, inoculation size, and pH value on Sb removal effect were explored. The results showed that the best removal efficiency of Sb in mineral processing wastewater could reach 99.75% in 4 d under the optimum conditions of 30 ℃, microbial inoculated quantity 5%, and pH value at 2.0. After the treatment, the concentration of Sb in wastewater was reduced from 122.21 to 0.30mg/L, which was lower than the local industrial wastewater discharge standard of0.50 mg/L.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51575319)the Young Scholars Program of Shandong University(No.2015WLJH31)+1 种基金the Major National Science and Technology Project(No.2014ZX04012-014)the Tai Shan Scholar Foundation(No.TS20130922)
文摘The milling stability of thin-walled components is an important issue in the aviation manufacturing industry,which greatly limits the removal rate of a workpiece.However,for a thin-walled workpiece,the dynamic characteristics vary at different positions.In addition,the removed part also has influence on determining the modal parameters of the workpiece.Thus,the milling stability is also time-variant.In this work,in order to investigate the time variation of a workpiece's dynamic characteristics,a new computational model is firstly derived by dividing the workpiece into a removed part and a remaining part with the Ritz method.Then,an updated frequency response function is obtained by Lagrange's equation and the corresponding modal parameters are extracted.Finally,multi-mode stability lobes are plotted by the different quadrature method and its accuracy is verified by experiments.The proposed method improves the computational efficiency to predict the time-varying characteristics of a thin-walled workpiece.
基金This research was funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2016YFA0602302).
文摘MODIS snow products MOD10A1\MYD10A1 provided us a unique chance to investigate snow cover as well as its spatial-temporal variability in response to global changes from regional and global perspectives.By means of MODIS snow products MOD10A1\MYD10A1 derived from an extensive area of the Amur River Basin,mainly located in the Northeast part of China,some part in far east area of the former USSR and a minor part in Republic of Mongolia,the reproduced snow datasets after removal of cloud effects covering the whole watershed of the Amur River Basin were generated by using 6 different cloud-effect-removing algorithms.The accuracy of the reproduced snow products was evaluated with the time series of snow depth data observed from 2002 to 2010 within the Chinese part of the basin,and the results suggested that the accuracies for the reproduced monthly mean snow depth datasets derived from 6 different cloud-effect-removing algorithms varied from 82%to 96%,the snow classification accuracies(the harmonic mean of Recall and Precision)was higher than 80%,close to the accuracy of the original snow product under clear sky conditions when snow cover was stably accumulated.By using the reproduced snow product dataset with the best validated cloud-effect-removing algorithm newly proposed,spatial-temporal variability of snow coverage fraction(SCF),the date when snow cover started to accumulate(SCS)as well as the date when being melted off(SCM)in the Amur River Basin from 2002 to 2016 were investigated.The results indicated that the SCF characterized the significant spatial heterogeneity tended to be higher towards East and North but lower toward West and South over the Amur River Basin.The inter-annual variations of SCF showed an insignificant increase in general with slight fluctuations in majority part of the basin.Both SCS and SCM tended to be slightly linear varied and the inter-annual differences were obvious.In addition,a clear decreasing trend in snow cover is observed in the region.Trend analysis(at 10%significance level)showed that 71%of areas between 2,000 and 2,380 m a.s.l.experienced a reduction in duration and coverage of annual snow cover.Moreover,a severe snow cover reduction during recent years with sharp fluctuations was investigated.Overall spatial-temporal variability of Both SCS and SCM tended to coincide with that of SCF over the basin in general.
基金Supported by Double-hundred Plan Project in Shenzhen City of Guangdong
文摘[Objective] The reseamh aimed to study removal effects of the organic matter and N by box filler enhancing MBR process. [ Method] By adding box filler into reaction pool of the MBR to treat domestic sewage, removal effects of the organic matter and N by box filler enhancing MBR process were studied. [ Result] COD means in effluent were respectively 26.8 and 24.7 mg/L without and with adding filler. Average removal rates of the NH3-N were respectively 98.44% and 96.37% with and without dosing filler, while average removal rates of the TN were 24.03% and 16.43%, respectively. COD and NH3-N concentrations in effluent were lower than Level-one A cdteda of Discharge Standard of the Pollutant for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant （ GB18918 -2002）. NO3^ -N was main existence form of the TN in effluent and occupied 98.06%, while NH3- N and NO2^--N only accounted for.1.22% and 0.72%. Further suggestion for denitrification study was as below. Firstly, the proportion of box filler on volume of the reaction cell should increase to 4% -5%. Secondly, single smaller filler with larger amount of internal fiber ought to be replaced. Thirdly, aeration amount needed to be decreased to right value, making that DO of the MBR reaction cell reduced to 1.5 -3.0 mg/L. [ Conclusion] The research provided theoretical basis for future engineering practice.
基金supported by a grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China[NO.32172324].
文摘Tetrodotoxin(TTX)is a potent neurotoxin found in nature,the possible presence of TTX in pufferfish ovaries,liver,and other processing waste poses a serious environmental and safety hazard.Lactic acid bacteria(LAB)was found to be able to remove a variety of harmful substances,however,its elimination action and mechanism on Trx is not clear.In this study,the removal effects of different states(activated,inactivated,and fragmented LABs)of three LAB strains on TTX amount and toxicity were tested and compared.It was found that thermal inactivated LABs had the best effect,which could reduce the TTX amount by 49.0%-60.33%and decrease the toxicity of TTX by 57.0%-83.67%.In addition,peptidoglycan(PG)of three strains of LABs was found to be a key component in the removal of TTX,which could decrease the toxicity of TTx by more than 87.0%.By analyzing the changes of functional groups of PGs,zeta-potential and binding effect between PG and TTX before and after the masking of carboxyl or amino groups of PGs,it was found that the removal effect of PG to TTX was significantly decreased(>55.0%)when the carboxyl or amino groups of PGs were masked.At the same time,the zeta-potential of PG combined with TTX was also decreased.These results suggested that the amino and carboxyl groups of PGs were important action sites for the binding interaction between LAB and TTX,and electrostatic interaction might be one of the ways of binding between PG and TTX.Our study could provide a scientific supporting on the removal action mechanism research of PG to TTX.
文摘The therapeutic effects of activating blood circulation to remove stasis of Chinese medicine （CM） in the prevention and treatment of atherosclerotic diseases such as coronary artery disease and angina are generally acknowledged. In recent years, to further improve the therapeutic effects of those Chinese herbs on such diseases, we have carried out a series of studies of CM medications with the function of clearing heat and removing toxic substances combined with activating blood circulation to remove stasis.
