Background: Traumatic brain injury is a major health problem that frequently leads to deficits in executive function. Self-regulation processes, such as goal-setting, may become disordered after traumatic brain injury...Background: Traumatic brain injury is a major health problem that frequently leads to deficits in executive function. Self-regulation processes, such as goal-setting, may become disordered after traumatic brain injury, particularly when the frontal regions of the brain and their connections are involved. Such impairments reduce injured veterans' ability to return to work or school and to regain satisfactory personal lives. Understanding the neurologically disabling effects of brain injury on executive function is necessary for both the accurate diagnosis of impairment and the individual tailoring of rehabilitation processes to help returning service members recover independent function.Methods/design: The COMPASSgoal(Community Participation through Self-Efficacy Skills Development) program develops and tests a novel patient-centered intervention framework for community reintegration psychosocial research in veterans with mild traumatic brain injury. COMPASSgoal integrates the principles and best practices of goal self-management. Goal setting is a core skill in self-management training by which persons with chronic health conditions learn to improve their status and decrease symptom effects. Over a three-year period, COMPASSgoal will recruit 110 participants with residual executive dysfunction three months or more post-injury. Inclusion criteria combine both clinical diagnosis and standardized scores that are >1 SD from the normative score on the Frontal Systems Rating Scale. Participants are randomized into two groups: goal-management(intervention) and supported discharge(control). The intervention is administered in eight consecutive, weekly sessions. Assessments occur at enrollment, post-intervention/supported discharge, and three months post-treatment follow-up.Discussion: Goal management is part of the "natural language" of rehabilitation. However, collaborative goal-setting between clinicians/case managers and clients can be hindered by the cognitive deficits that follow brain injury. Re-training returning veterans with brain injury in goal management, with appropriate help and support, would essentially treat deficits in executive function. A structured approach to goal self-management may foster greater independence and self-efficacy, help veterans gain insight into goals that are realistic for them at a given time, and help clinicians and veterans to work more effectively as true collaborators.展开更多
Survivors of pediatric central nervous system (CNS) cancer are at risk for long term sequelae concerning school participation. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to develop and evaluate a school-participation que...Survivors of pediatric central nervous system (CNS) cancer are at risk for long term sequelae concerning school participation. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to develop and evaluate a school-participation questionnaire for patients and parents based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). The items of the School Participation Scales-24/7 (S-PS-24/7) meet different functions, activities and participation aspects, as well as environmental factors listed in the ICF, using everyday language. The study sample consisted of 48 pediatric brain tumor patients and their parents. Reliability scores for the S-PS-24/7 components were acceptable or high. For investigating validity, items were correlated with data from a neurocognitive assessment battery with promising results. This approach enables a description of educational outcome on a functional level instead of using global measures. This facilitates counseling of patients, parents and teachers with respect to academic achievement and specific intervention programs.展开更多
Background: Stroke rehabilitation professionals have historically focused rehabilitation on physical functions and overlooked the concept of community reintegration after discharge from inpatient rehabilitation. The l...Background: Stroke rehabilitation professionals have historically focused rehabilitation on physical functions and overlooked the concept of community reintegration after discharge from inpatient rehabilitation. The lack of focus on psychosocial functions post-stroke may lead to lower levels of satisfaction during community reintegration. Methods: This integrative review synthesized findings from research literature on stroke patients’ reintegration into the community after inpatient rehabilitation to address three research questions: a) What specific physical and psychosocial functions have been identified as predictors of successful reintegration into normal living after stroke?, b) How do physical and psychosocial functions promote successful reintegration into normal living after stroke?, and c) What factors have been identified that hinder stroke patients’ reintegration into normal living after stroke? Results: A systematic search of literature identified sixteen studies that provided significant context for the research questions. What physical and psychosocial functions of stroke patients included, for example, improved mobility, independence in daily activities, reduced disability, psychological well-being, self-efficacy, social support, and personal relationships. How physical and psychosocial functions promote reintegration included, for example, disability management, emotional well-being, self-care independence, sense of purpose, and employment influence. Factors that hinder stroke patients’ reintegration consisted of longer stride time, impaired balance/mobility, activities limitation, severe stroke, presence of comorbidity, depressive symptoms, speech and language challenges, inadequate self-efficacy, fear of falling, older age, low educational level, lack of social support, and social isolation. Conclusion: Successful community reintegration after stroke requires a shift of focus from rehabilitation interventions that target physical functions to include interventions that address psychosocial functions.展开更多
The turn-key solution originated by Media Tek Inc.(MTK) changed the degree of handset modularity and sparked therise of "knockoff handsets’’ This paper holds that modularity is not a product of independent evol...The turn-key solution originated by Media Tek Inc.(MTK) changed the degree of handset modularity and sparked therise of "knockoff handsets’’ This paper holds that modularity is not a product of independent evolution and that thechange in the degree of product modularity will lead to a change in the product’s organizational structure.Modulereintegration has reduced the industry’s knowledge barrier and made it possible for a large number of low-tech firms toenter the industry in China.As a result, it has altered the industry’s competitive landscape.Module reintegration can betaken as an important path for industrial upgrade, and the industry regulatory policies shall also be adjusted accordingto the changes in this industry’s characteristics.展开更多
目的系统评价癌症患者社会再融合的行为体验,为构建社会再融合方案提供参考。方法计算机检索PubMed、Web of Science、Cochrane Library、Embase、CINAHL、PsycINFO、SinoMed、中国知网、维普网、万方数据知识服务平台中关于癌症患者社...目的系统评价癌症患者社会再融合的行为体验,为构建社会再融合方案提供参考。方法计算机检索PubMed、Web of Science、Cochrane Library、Embase、CINAHL、PsycINFO、SinoMed、中国知网、维普网、万方数据知识服务平台中关于癌症患者社会再融合体验的质性研究,检索时限为建库至2025年2月14日。采用JBI循证卫生保健中心质性研究质量评价标准(2016版)评价纳入文献质量,采用汇集性整合法进行结果整合与归纳。结果共纳入13篇文献,提炼出39个主要的研究结果,归纳为9个新类别,合并为3个整合结果:癌症患者社会再融合的多重情绪体验,癌症患者社会再融合的多维限制因素,癌症患者社会再融合的多元应对策略。结论癌症患者在社会融合过程中存在复杂的情绪变化并受多种因素影响。医护人员需重视癌症患者社会融合过程中的体验和真实需求,给予科学指导,以帮助患者与疾病共存,实现社会再融合。展开更多
基金supported by Merit Review Award#I 01 RX000637-01A3 from the United States Department of Veterans Af airs Rehabilitation Research and Development Service Programsupport for the preparatory phase of the project was provided through the Med Star Health Research Institute,a component of the Georgetown Howard Universities Center for Clinical and Translational Sciencesupported by Grant U54 RR026076-01 from the National Center for Research Resources,a component of the National Institutes of Health
文摘Background: Traumatic brain injury is a major health problem that frequently leads to deficits in executive function. Self-regulation processes, such as goal-setting, may become disordered after traumatic brain injury, particularly when the frontal regions of the brain and their connections are involved. Such impairments reduce injured veterans' ability to return to work or school and to regain satisfactory personal lives. Understanding the neurologically disabling effects of brain injury on executive function is necessary for both the accurate diagnosis of impairment and the individual tailoring of rehabilitation processes to help returning service members recover independent function.Methods/design: The COMPASSgoal(Community Participation through Self-Efficacy Skills Development) program develops and tests a novel patient-centered intervention framework for community reintegration psychosocial research in veterans with mild traumatic brain injury. COMPASSgoal integrates the principles and best practices of goal self-management. Goal setting is a core skill in self-management training by which persons with chronic health conditions learn to improve their status and decrease symptom effects. Over a three-year period, COMPASSgoal will recruit 110 participants with residual executive dysfunction three months or more post-injury. Inclusion criteria combine both clinical diagnosis and standardized scores that are >1 SD from the normative score on the Frontal Systems Rating Scale. Participants are randomized into two groups: goal-management(intervention) and supported discharge(control). The intervention is administered in eight consecutive, weekly sessions. Assessments occur at enrollment, post-intervention/supported discharge, and three months post-treatment follow-up.Discussion: Goal management is part of the "natural language" of rehabilitation. However, collaborative goal-setting between clinicians/case managers and clients can be hindered by the cognitive deficits that follow brain injury. Re-training returning veterans with brain injury in goal management, with appropriate help and support, would essentially treat deficits in executive function. A structured approach to goal self-management may foster greater independence and self-efficacy, help veterans gain insight into goals that are realistic for them at a given time, and help clinicians and veterans to work more effectively as true collaborators.
文摘Survivors of pediatric central nervous system (CNS) cancer are at risk for long term sequelae concerning school participation. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to develop and evaluate a school-participation questionnaire for patients and parents based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). The items of the School Participation Scales-24/7 (S-PS-24/7) meet different functions, activities and participation aspects, as well as environmental factors listed in the ICF, using everyday language. The study sample consisted of 48 pediatric brain tumor patients and their parents. Reliability scores for the S-PS-24/7 components were acceptable or high. For investigating validity, items were correlated with data from a neurocognitive assessment battery with promising results. This approach enables a description of educational outcome on a functional level instead of using global measures. This facilitates counseling of patients, parents and teachers with respect to academic achievement and specific intervention programs.
文摘Background: Stroke rehabilitation professionals have historically focused rehabilitation on physical functions and overlooked the concept of community reintegration after discharge from inpatient rehabilitation. The lack of focus on psychosocial functions post-stroke may lead to lower levels of satisfaction during community reintegration. Methods: This integrative review synthesized findings from research literature on stroke patients’ reintegration into the community after inpatient rehabilitation to address three research questions: a) What specific physical and psychosocial functions have been identified as predictors of successful reintegration into normal living after stroke?, b) How do physical and psychosocial functions promote successful reintegration into normal living after stroke?, and c) What factors have been identified that hinder stroke patients’ reintegration into normal living after stroke? Results: A systematic search of literature identified sixteen studies that provided significant context for the research questions. What physical and psychosocial functions of stroke patients included, for example, improved mobility, independence in daily activities, reduced disability, psychological well-being, self-efficacy, social support, and personal relationships. How physical and psychosocial functions promote reintegration included, for example, disability management, emotional well-being, self-care independence, sense of purpose, and employment influence. Factors that hinder stroke patients’ reintegration consisted of longer stride time, impaired balance/mobility, activities limitation, severe stroke, presence of comorbidity, depressive symptoms, speech and language challenges, inadequate self-efficacy, fear of falling, older age, low educational level, lack of social support, and social isolation. Conclusion: Successful community reintegration after stroke requires a shift of focus from rehabilitation interventions that target physical functions to include interventions that address psychosocial functions.
文摘The turn-key solution originated by Media Tek Inc.(MTK) changed the degree of handset modularity and sparked therise of "knockoff handsets’’ This paper holds that modularity is not a product of independent evolution and that thechange in the degree of product modularity will lead to a change in the product’s organizational structure.Modulereintegration has reduced the industry’s knowledge barrier and made it possible for a large number of low-tech firms toenter the industry in China.As a result, it has altered the industry’s competitive landscape.Module reintegration can betaken as an important path for industrial upgrade, and the industry regulatory policies shall also be adjusted accordingto the changes in this industry’s characteristics.
文摘目的系统评价癌症患者社会再融合的行为体验,为构建社会再融合方案提供参考。方法计算机检索PubMed、Web of Science、Cochrane Library、Embase、CINAHL、PsycINFO、SinoMed、中国知网、维普网、万方数据知识服务平台中关于癌症患者社会再融合体验的质性研究,检索时限为建库至2025年2月14日。采用JBI循证卫生保健中心质性研究质量评价标准(2016版)评价纳入文献质量,采用汇集性整合法进行结果整合与归纳。结果共纳入13篇文献,提炼出39个主要的研究结果,归纳为9个新类别,合并为3个整合结果:癌症患者社会再融合的多重情绪体验,癌症患者社会再融合的多维限制因素,癌症患者社会再融合的多元应对策略。结论癌症患者在社会融合过程中存在复杂的情绪变化并受多种因素影响。医护人员需重视癌症患者社会融合过程中的体验和真实需求,给予科学指导,以帮助患者与疾病共存,实现社会再融合。
