The concept of geographical indication is similar to the idea of authentic medicinal herbs in traditional Chinese medicine. This paper examines the geographical indication (GI) resources of medicinal herbs in the Wuli...The concept of geographical indication is similar to the idea of authentic medicinal herbs in traditional Chinese medicine. This paper examines the geographical indication (GI) resources of medicinal herbs in the Wuling Mountain Area from various perspectives, including geographical indication products, geographical indication trademarks, China s geographical indication products mutually recognized and protected with the EU, geographical indication standards, and the exclusive geographical indication logo. It studies the regional public brand characteristics of Chinese authentic medicinal herbs, based on hometown of authentic Chinese medicinal herbs, advantageous regions of characteristic agricultural products, important agricultural cultural heritage, national famous and excellent new agricultural products, national characteristic agricultural products, geographical indication Chinese well-known trademarks, advantageous regions of characteristic agricultural products, and regional public brands of agricultural products. It analyzes the main problems in the protection of geographical indications and the creation of regional public brands, and proposes suggestions for building high-quality authentic medicinal herb bases, developing new quality productivity in the authentic medicinal herb industry, implementing regional brand strategies for authentic medicinal herbs, constructing a new development pattern of dual circulation authentic medicinal herbs, etc.展开更多
Residential energy-use behavior and energy-saving awareness play a crucial role in sustainable urban energy planning and building energy efficiency,particularly under the pressures of climate change.However,existing s...Residential energy-use behavior and energy-saving awareness play a crucial role in sustainable urban energy planning and building energy efficiency,particularly under the pressures of climate change.However,existing studies often lack comparative analysis of urban-rural differences and tend to focus excessively on behavior patterns while neglecting the dimension of energysaving awareness.With China’s urbanization rate reaching 66.16%,understanding such regional disparities has become increasingly important.To address these research gaps,this study conducts a large-scale survey on space cooling behaviors among residents in Beijing,a representative Chinese megacity.It should be noted that living standards in such megacities are generally higher than the national average,which may shape distinctive energy-use profiles.Analyzing 1573valid samples(1064 urban/442 rural)in 2024,this study employed K-Prototypes and K-Modes clustering to identify typical cooling behavior and energy-saving awareness pattems,followed by Kendall/Chi-square correlation tests and XGBoost importance analysis to determine key influencing factors,with subsequent urban-rural comparative analysis.Results indicate that urban residents are primarily heat-sensitive or heat-tolerant,with a secondary patten of mid-low temperature preference,and generally exhibit long cooling durations;rural behavior is dominated by heat-tolerant type,followed by heat-sensitive,mid-low temperature preference,and never-on types as secondary patterns;both urban and rural areas exhibit energy-savingawareness characterized by low consumption-lowwillingness,though urban areas show marginally higher motivation;energy-saving awareness correlates with cooling behavior in rural areas,but this relationship weakens significantly in urban contexts.展开更多
BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder(MDD)and obesity(OB)are bidirectionally comorbid conditions with common neurobiological underpinnings.However,the neurocognitive mechanisms of their comorbidity remain poorly unders...BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder(MDD)and obesity(OB)are bidirectionally comorbid conditions with common neurobiological underpinnings.However,the neurocognitive mechanisms of their comorbidity remain poorly understood.AIM To examine regional abnormalities in spontaneous brain activity among patients with MDD-OB comorbidity.METHODS This study adopted a regional homogeneity(ReHo)analysis of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging.The study included 149 hospital patients divided into four groups:Patients experiencing their first episode of drug-naive MDD with OB,patients with MDD without OB,and age-and sex-matched healthy individuals with and without OB.Whole-brain ReHo analysis was conducted using SPM12 software and RESTplus toolkits,with group comparisons via ANOVA and post-hoc tests.Correlations between ReHo values and behavioral measures were examined.RESULTS ANOVA revealed significant whole-brain ReHo differences among the four groups in four key regions:The left middle temporal gyrus(MTG.L),right cuneus,left precuneus,and left thalamus.Post-hoc analyses confirmed pairwise differences between all groups across these regions(P<0.05).OB was associated with ReHo alterations in the MTG.L,right cuneus,and left thalamus,whereas abnormalities in the precuneus suggested synergistic pathological mechanisms between MDD and OB.Statistically significant correlations were found between the drive and fun-seeking dimensions of the behavioral activation system,as well as behavioral inhibition and the corresponding ReHo values.CONCLUSION Our findings provide novel evidence for the neuroadaptive mechanisms underlying the MDD-OB comorbidity.Further validation could lead to personalized interventions targeting MTG.L hyperactivity and targeting healthy food cues.展开更多
In the context of the revolution in new technologies,a key question is whether the rapid growth of the digital economy,driven by digital technologies,has improved regional innovation performance.Using inter-provincial...In the context of the revolution in new technologies,a key question is whether the rapid growth of the digital economy,driven by digital technologies,has improved regional innovation performance.Using inter-provincial panel data from China(2012–2022)and adopting a business environment perspective,this study applies a Panel Extended Regression Model(PERM),a Panel Simultaneous Equation Model(PSEM),and a Tobit-IV model to analyze how the development of the digital economy influences regional innovation.The results reveal a pronounced U-shaped relationship between the digital economy and the regional innovation performance at the provincial level in China,with the business environment serving as a significant mediator in this relationship.Moreover,regional innovation performance in China exhibits a“ratchet effect,”with the impact of the digital economy varying markedly across regions.While the eastern and western regions have entered an upward phase,whereby the digital economy boosts innovation,the central region displays a weaker effect.Further analysis indicates that the synergy between the business environment and the digital economy in driving innovation remains suboptimal.These findings were supported by robust checks.This study offers theoretical insights and empirical evidence that support the coordinated development of digital government and the digital factor market,as well as business environment reforms that are in alignment with the innovation demands of the digital era.展开更多
On October 28,2025,in the bustling diplomatic hub of Kuala Lumpur,a defining moment in Asian economic history quietly and solemnly unfolded when leaders from China and ASEAN member states witnessed the official signin...On October 28,2025,in the bustling diplomatic hub of Kuala Lumpur,a defining moment in Asian economic history quietly and solemnly unfolded when leaders from China and ASEAN member states witnessed the official signing of the protocol to upgrade the China-ASEAN Free Trade Area(CAFTA)to Version 3.0.The ceremony marked the culmination of nearly three years of intense negotiations.展开更多
On October 28,2025,China and ASEAN signed the China-ASEAN Free Trade Area(CAFTA)3.0 Upgrade Protocol in Kuala Lumpur,Malaysia,in the presence of Chinese Premier Li Qiang,Malaysian Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim,and lead...On October 28,2025,China and ASEAN signed the China-ASEAN Free Trade Area(CAFTA)3.0 Upgrade Protocol in Kuala Lumpur,Malaysia,in the presence of Chinese Premier Li Qiang,Malaysian Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim,and leaders of other ASEAN member states.A close look at the protocol shows that the upgraded agreement marks substantive advances on several fronts.展开更多
Waves are important physical phenomena in an ocean,and their accurate prediction is essential for ocean engineering,maritime traffic,and marine early warning systems.This study focuses on the Qinhuangdao Sea area loca...Waves are important physical phenomena in an ocean,and their accurate prediction is essential for ocean engineering,maritime traffic,and marine early warning systems.This study focuses on the Qinhuangdao Sea area located in the Bohai Sea,China.Herein,we use on-site wind data to correct the reanalysis wind data obtained from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts(ECMWF),improving the accuracy of boundary conditions.Then,we use the Simulating WAves Nearshore(SWAN)model to simulate the regional wave field over time.A regional wave-parameter prediction model is then developed using a limited number of sampled data(covering only 2 years,2020–2021);the model is based on the Whale Optimization Algorithm(WOA),convolutional neural networks(CNNs),and long short-term memory(LSTM)neural networks.WOA is used to optimize the CNN and LSTM framework;in this framework,CNN extracts spatial features,and the LSTM network captures temporal features,enabling accurate short and long-term predictions of wave height,period,and direction.The experimental results showed that despite the small sample size,the model achieves a goodness of fit of 0.9957 for wave height prediction,0.9973 for period,and 0.9749 for wave direction in short-term forecasting.As the prediction step size increases,the accuracy of the model decreases.When the prediction step size reaches 9 h,the root mean square error for the prediction of wave height,period,and direction increases to 0.2060 m,0.4582 s,and32.5358°,respectively.The reliability and applicability of the model are further validated by the experimental results.Our findings highlighted the potential of the developed model in operational wave forecasting,even with a limited number of sampled data.展开更多
Urban populations are increasingly exposed to extreme heat due to climate change and rapid urbanization,heightening health risks in cities worldwide.Accurate heat exposure assessment is essential for public health pla...Urban populations are increasingly exposed to extreme heat due to climate change and rapid urbanization,heightening health risks in cities worldwide.Accurate heat exposure assessment is essential for public health planning and risk reduction.Most existing approaches rely on a single threshold temperature(e.g.,35℃of daily max temperature),applied uniformly to the entire population.However,this one-size-fits-all assumption overlooks substantial differences in heat sensitivity across population subgroups.In this study,we address this limitation by quantifying subgroup-specific temperature-mortality relationships and using corresponding minimum mortality temperatures(MMTs)to assess heat exposure.Results show that the population-wide MMT was 27.5℃,but it varied greatly across population subgroups.The elderly population(≥65)had an MMT of 24.6℃,much lower than the 28.6℃observed in younger individuals(<65).Females also exhibited a lower MMT that males(25℃versus 28.2℃).However,educational attainment did not significantly affect MMT.Using a uniform MMT resulted in substantial underestimation of heat exposure,ranging from 25.3%in 1990 to 13.9%in 2020,reflecting demographic shifts over time.Spatially,nearly half of the city experienced underestimated heat risk,especially in central and northeastern regions where heat-vulnerable populations are concentrated.These findings underscore the need for more nuanced heat exposure assessments that account for demographic and spatial variability,paving the way for targeted public health interventions to protect the most vulnerable urban populations.展开更多
In this paper,we define for the trace operator,the solution of certain models of vibrating plates standards with initial data in a strategic region spaces of weak regularities.Indeed,we know that the notion of regiona...In this paper,we define for the trace operator,the solution of certain models of vibrating plates standards with initial data in a strategic region spaces of weak regularities.Indeed,we know that the notion of regional controllability is more adapted to systems described by dynamic systems.Regional controllability results in a strategic area were established for vibrating plates by the Hilbertian Uniqueness Method.展开更多
Drought influences carbon fixation by plants.Therefore,elucidating its impact on carbon fluxes in plants at the ecosystem level is crucial for assessing their role in mitigating climate change.Using carbon fluxes and ...Drought influences carbon fixation by plants.Therefore,elucidating its impact on carbon fluxes in plants at the ecosystem level is crucial for assessing their role in mitigating climate change.Using carbon fluxes and environmental factor data from FLUXNET sites,we analyzed the influence of drought on carbon fluxes,their drivers,time-lag effects,and recovery times across various climatic regions and seasons.Results showed drought significantly decreased gross primary production(GPP),ecosystem respiration,and net ecosystem productivity in arid regions but slightly increased carbon sequestration in humid regions.Summer droughts negatively affected vegetation carbon fluxes,partly offset by the positive impact of spring droughts.Nonforest carbon fluxes were more susceptible to drought effects than forest fluxes.Soil water content(SWC)was the main influence on changes in arid regions,whereas vapor pressure deficit(VPD)dominated humid regions.Decreased SWC and increased VPD reduced carbon sequestration in arid regions but increased it in humid regions.Increased VPD reduced GPP,leading to forest carbon loss,whereas decreased SWC reduced GPP,leading to nonforest carbon loss.The lag time of the drought effects on carbon fluxes was longer in humid regions(19.44 d)than in arid regions(14.71 d).Compared to nonforest areas(16.74 d and 57 d for drought lag and recovery time,respectively),forest areas had a longer lag(18.81 d)and recovery time(92 d).The findings revealed discrepancies in the main factors regulating vegetation carbon fluxes during droughts between arid and humid regions and between forest and nonforest ecosystems.These insights provide a new perspective on understanding and simulating carbon-climate feedback.Enhancing ecosystem diversity is a feasible measure to increase drought resistance.展开更多
In December 2025,the ASEAN Centre for Energy(ACE)convened the third ASEAN Power Grid Partnership Meeting,bringing partners together for consultations on key issues.After more than two decades of planning and explorati...In December 2025,the ASEAN Centre for Energy(ACE)convened the third ASEAN Power Grid Partnership Meeting,bringing partners together for consultations on key issues.After more than two decades of planning and exploration,the ASEAN Power Grid is now entering a new phase—shifting from predominantly bilateral,one-way connections toward a multilateral,multidirectional network.展开更多
To address the high costs and operational instability of distribution networks caused by the large-scale integration of distributed energy resources(DERs)(such as photovoltaic(PV)systems,wind turbines(WT),and energy s...To address the high costs and operational instability of distribution networks caused by the large-scale integration of distributed energy resources(DERs)(such as photovoltaic(PV)systems,wind turbines(WT),and energy storage(ES)devices),and the increased grid load fluctuations and safety risks due to uncoordinated electric vehicles(EVs)charging,this paper proposes a novel dual-scale hierarchical collaborative optimization strategy.This strategy decouples system-level economic dispatch from distributed EV agent control,effectively solving the resource coordination conflicts arising from the high computational complexity,poor scalability of existing centralized optimization,or the reliance on local information decision-making in fully decentralized frameworks.At the lower level,an EV charging and discharging model with a hybrid discrete-continuous action space is established,and optimized using an improved Parameterized Deep Q-Network(PDQN)algorithm,which directly handles mode selection and power regulation while embedding physical constraints to ensure safety.At the upper level,microgrid(MG)operators adopt a dynamic pricing strategy optimized through Deep Reinforcement Learning(DRL)to maximize economic benefits and achieve peak-valley shaving.Simulation results show that the proposed strategy outperforms traditional methods,reducing the total operating cost of the MG by 21.6%,decreasing the peak-to-valley load difference by 33.7%,reducing the number of voltage limit violations by 88.9%,and lowering the average electricity cost for EV users by 15.2%.This method brings a win-win result for operators and users,providing a reliable and efficient scheduling solution for distribution networks with high renewable energy penetration rates.展开更多
Driven by the global energy transition and the urgent“dual carbon”goals,regional integrated energy system(RIES)planning is undergoing a paradigm shift from carbon reduction to negative carbon emissions.This paper pr...Driven by the global energy transition and the urgent“dual carbon”goals,regional integrated energy system(RIES)planning is undergoing a paradigm shift from carbon reduction to negative carbon emissions.This paper provides a comprehensive review of the theoretical frameworks and technical pathways for RIES planning from a carbon-centric perspective.A key contribution is the proposed Carbon-Energy-Economy(CEE)triple-dimensional governance framework,which endogenizes carbon factors into planning decisions through emission constraints,trading mechanisms,and capture technologies.We first analyze the fundamental characteristics of RIES and their critical role in achieving carbon neutrality,detailing advancements in multi-energy coupling models,energy router concepts,and standardized energy hub modeling.The paper further explores multi-energy flow analysis methods,and systematically compares the applicability and limitations of various planning algorithms,with emphasis on addressing uncertainties from renewable integration.Finally,we highlight the integration of artificial intelligence with traditional optimization methods,offering new pathways for intelligent,adaptive,and low-carbon RIES planning.This review underscores the transition towards data-physical fusion models,cooperative uncertainty optimization,multi-market planning,and innovative zero/negative-carbon technological routes.展开更多
AIM:To investigate the sex-specific correlation between systemic factors and retinal neurovascular alterations in individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus(T1DM)who do not exhibit signs of diabetic retinopathy(DR).MET...AIM:To investigate the sex-specific correlation between systemic factors and retinal neurovascular alterations in individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus(T1DM)who do not exhibit signs of diabetic retinopathy(DR).METHODS:A cohort participant without DR diagnosed with T1DM,underwent comprehensive ophthalmologic evaluation,optical coherence tomography angiography retinal structural and microvascular density analysis,and systemic parameter assessment.Multiple linear regression analysis was used to investigate the impact of systemic parameters on retinal alterations in distinct gender groups.RESULTS:A total of 182 individuals were included,consisting of 85 males(mean age 23.28±12.75y)and 97 females(mean age 22.98±13.68y).Males exhibited significantly greater thickness in both the internal retinal layer and the entire retina compared to females(P<0.01),whereas females had higher densities of deep retinal vessels and choroidal capillaries(P<0.05).Additionally,glycemic control was found to have a notable influence on retinal thickness in males(P<0.05),while insulin function had a more pronounced impact on retinal structure in females(P<0.01).Furthermore,a significant correlation was observed between thyroid function markers and retinal parameters in both male and female(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:Sex differences in alterations in retinal structure and microcirculation are observed in individuals with T1DM prior to the development of clinical DR,with a noted association between these changes and systemic parameters.展开更多
In the complex architecture of global value-chain(GVC)trade,firms’technological content increasingly reflects external knowledge flows.This study examines how inter-regional technological complementarity shapes firms...In the complex architecture of global value-chain(GVC)trade,firms’technological content increasingly reflects external knowledge flows.This study examines how inter-regional technological complementarity shapes firms’GVC advancement,measured by the domestic value-added rate(DVAR)in exports.Using integrated Chinese microdata(2000-2014),we find this complementarity significantly boosts export DVAR,explaining about one-quarter of its observed growth.Two mechanisms drive this effect:increased use of domestic intermediates and gains in firm productivity.The benefits are especially large for firms with lower human capital and for those in accessible,innovation-peripheral regions,helping narrow productivity gaps across firms and space.Affected firms also exhibit broader export scopes,higher product quality,more diversified destinations,and greater markups-firm-level evidence of GVC upgrading.These findings highlight how external technological linkages drive upgrading and underscore the importance of fostering inter-regional synergies for balanced development.展开更多
Understanding the complex interactions between human activities and ecosystem functions is a prerequisite for achieving sustainable development.Since the implementation of the“Grain for Green”Project in 1999,ecosyst...Understanding the complex interactions between human activities and ecosystem functions is a prerequisite for achieving sustainable development.Since the implementation of the“Grain for Green”Project in 1999,ecosystem functions in China’s Loess Plateau have significantly improved.However,intensified human activities have also exacerbated the pressures on the region’s fragile ecological environment.This study investigates the spatiotemporal variations in the human activity intensity index(HAI)and net ecosystem benefits(NEB)from 2000 to 2020,using expert-based assessments and an enhanced cost-benefit evaluation framework.Results indicate that HAI increased by 16.7% and 16.6% at the grid and county levels,respectively.NEB exhibited pronounced spatial heterogeneity,with a total increase of USD 36.2 trillion at the grid scale.At the county level,the average NEB rose by 75%.The degree of trade-off was higher at the grid scale than at the county scale,while the synergistic areas initially expanded and then declined at both scales.Key areas for improvement and regions of lagging development were identified as priority zones for ecological management and spatial planning at both spatial resolutions.This study offers scientific insights and practical guidance for harmonizing ecological conservation with high-quality development in ecologically vulnerable regions.展开更多
Establishing a Regional Marine Innovation Ecosystem(RMIE)is crucial for advancing China’s maritime power strategy.Concurrently,developing a competitive RMIE serves as a strategic lever to enhance the global competiti...Establishing a Regional Marine Innovation Ecosystem(RMIE)is crucial for advancing China’s maritime power strategy.Concurrently,developing a competitive RMIE serves as a strategic lever to enhance the global competitiveness of China’s marine science sector.However,research on the competitiveness of RMIE is limited.To this end,this study constructs an evaluation index system based on ecological niche theory to assess the competitiveness of RMIE in China from 2008 to 2020.The findings indicate generally fluctuating upward trends in RMIE’s competitiveness,with Shandong,Jiangsu,and Guangdong showing relatively strong positions.Notably,there are significant intra-regional imbalances and inter-regional asynchrony in RMIE’s competitiveness across China’s three major marine economic circles.Recognizing that forecasting RMIE competitiveness can inform policy formulation,this paper proposes a systematic multivariate grey interval prediction model that incorporates spatial proximity effects.This model effectively captures the interval and uncertainty characteristics of RMIE’s competitiveness while considering spatial relationships among regions.Results from comparative analysis,robustness tests,and sensitivity analysis demonstrate its superior applicability and forecasting accuracy.Additionally,interval forecasts and scenario analyses suggest that RMIE competitiveness will maintain stable growth,although unbalanced and unsynchronized development is likely to persist.Overall,the approach developed for evaluating and forecasting RMIE competitiveness offers valuable insights for effective policy formulation.展开更多
Since the launch of island-wide special customs operations at Hainan Free Trade Port(Hainan FTP),the proportion of “zero-tariff”imported goods has increased significantly from 21 to 74 percent, and high-quality good...Since the launch of island-wide special customs operations at Hainan Free Trade Port(Hainan FTP),the proportion of “zero-tariff”imported goods has increased significantly from 21 to 74 percent, and high-quality goods from Southeast Asia can enter Hainan at a more competitive price. If goods contain imported materials and achieve at least 30 percent added value through local processing,they can enter the Chinese mainland market with an exemption from import tariffs, effectively gaining market access across China.展开更多
In the hilly regions of Oudomxay Province,Laos,rows of deep blue photovoltaic panels are converting the scorching sunlight into clean electricity.They are part of the first phase of the Northern Laos Interconnected Cl...In the hilly regions of Oudomxay Province,Laos,rows of deep blue photovoltaic panels are converting the scorching sunlight into clean electricity.They are part of the first phase of the Northern Laos Interconnected Clean Energy Base,which was developed by China General Nuclear Power Group and became operational at the end of 2025.展开更多
基金Supported by the Project of National Social Science Fund of China (22CMZ015).
文摘The concept of geographical indication is similar to the idea of authentic medicinal herbs in traditional Chinese medicine. This paper examines the geographical indication (GI) resources of medicinal herbs in the Wuling Mountain Area from various perspectives, including geographical indication products, geographical indication trademarks, China s geographical indication products mutually recognized and protected with the EU, geographical indication standards, and the exclusive geographical indication logo. It studies the regional public brand characteristics of Chinese authentic medicinal herbs, based on hometown of authentic Chinese medicinal herbs, advantageous regions of characteristic agricultural products, important agricultural cultural heritage, national famous and excellent new agricultural products, national characteristic agricultural products, geographical indication Chinese well-known trademarks, advantageous regions of characteristic agricultural products, and regional public brands of agricultural products. It analyzes the main problems in the protection of geographical indications and the creation of regional public brands, and proposes suggestions for building high-quality authentic medicinal herb bases, developing new quality productivity in the authentic medicinal herb industry, implementing regional brand strategies for authentic medicinal herbs, constructing a new development pattern of dual circulation authentic medicinal herbs, etc.
文摘Residential energy-use behavior and energy-saving awareness play a crucial role in sustainable urban energy planning and building energy efficiency,particularly under the pressures of climate change.However,existing studies often lack comparative analysis of urban-rural differences and tend to focus excessively on behavior patterns while neglecting the dimension of energysaving awareness.With China’s urbanization rate reaching 66.16%,understanding such regional disparities has become increasingly important.To address these research gaps,this study conducts a large-scale survey on space cooling behaviors among residents in Beijing,a representative Chinese megacity.It should be noted that living standards in such megacities are generally higher than the national average,which may shape distinctive energy-use profiles.Analyzing 1573valid samples(1064 urban/442 rural)in 2024,this study employed K-Prototypes and K-Modes clustering to identify typical cooling behavior and energy-saving awareness pattems,followed by Kendall/Chi-square correlation tests and XGBoost importance analysis to determine key influencing factors,with subsequent urban-rural comparative analysis.Results indicate that urban residents are primarily heat-sensitive or heat-tolerant,with a secondary patten of mid-low temperature preference,and generally exhibit long cooling durations;rural behavior is dominated by heat-tolerant type,followed by heat-sensitive,mid-low temperature preference,and never-on types as secondary patterns;both urban and rural areas exhibit energy-savingawareness characterized by low consumption-lowwillingness,though urban areas show marginally higher motivation;energy-saving awareness correlates with cooling behavior in rural areas,but this relationship weakens significantly in urban contexts.
基金Supported by Provincial Key Research Project of Henan Province,No.232102310081.
文摘BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder(MDD)and obesity(OB)are bidirectionally comorbid conditions with common neurobiological underpinnings.However,the neurocognitive mechanisms of their comorbidity remain poorly understood.AIM To examine regional abnormalities in spontaneous brain activity among patients with MDD-OB comorbidity.METHODS This study adopted a regional homogeneity(ReHo)analysis of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging.The study included 149 hospital patients divided into four groups:Patients experiencing their first episode of drug-naive MDD with OB,patients with MDD without OB,and age-and sex-matched healthy individuals with and without OB.Whole-brain ReHo analysis was conducted using SPM12 software and RESTplus toolkits,with group comparisons via ANOVA and post-hoc tests.Correlations between ReHo values and behavioral measures were examined.RESULTS ANOVA revealed significant whole-brain ReHo differences among the four groups in four key regions:The left middle temporal gyrus(MTG.L),right cuneus,left precuneus,and left thalamus.Post-hoc analyses confirmed pairwise differences between all groups across these regions(P<0.05).OB was associated with ReHo alterations in the MTG.L,right cuneus,and left thalamus,whereas abnormalities in the precuneus suggested synergistic pathological mechanisms between MDD and OB.Statistically significant correlations were found between the drive and fun-seeking dimensions of the behavioral activation system,as well as behavioral inhibition and the corresponding ReHo values.CONCLUSION Our findings provide novel evidence for the neuroadaptive mechanisms underlying the MDD-OB comorbidity.Further validation could lead to personalized interventions targeting MTG.L hyperactivity and targeting healthy food cues.
基金National Social Science Fund of China(18KXS009)the Sichuan Provincial Soft Science Program(22JDR0261)the Sichuan University“From 0 to 1”Innovation Research Program(2021CXC10)。
文摘In the context of the revolution in new technologies,a key question is whether the rapid growth of the digital economy,driven by digital technologies,has improved regional innovation performance.Using inter-provincial panel data from China(2012–2022)and adopting a business environment perspective,this study applies a Panel Extended Regression Model(PERM),a Panel Simultaneous Equation Model(PSEM),and a Tobit-IV model to analyze how the development of the digital economy influences regional innovation.The results reveal a pronounced U-shaped relationship between the digital economy and the regional innovation performance at the provincial level in China,with the business environment serving as a significant mediator in this relationship.Moreover,regional innovation performance in China exhibits a“ratchet effect,”with the impact of the digital economy varying markedly across regions.While the eastern and western regions have entered an upward phase,whereby the digital economy boosts innovation,the central region displays a weaker effect.Further analysis indicates that the synergy between the business environment and the digital economy in driving innovation remains suboptimal.These findings were supported by robust checks.This study offers theoretical insights and empirical evidence that support the coordinated development of digital government and the digital factor market,as well as business environment reforms that are in alignment with the innovation demands of the digital era.
文摘On October 28,2025,in the bustling diplomatic hub of Kuala Lumpur,a defining moment in Asian economic history quietly and solemnly unfolded when leaders from China and ASEAN member states witnessed the official signing of the protocol to upgrade the China-ASEAN Free Trade Area(CAFTA)to Version 3.0.The ceremony marked the culmination of nearly three years of intense negotiations.
文摘On October 28,2025,China and ASEAN signed the China-ASEAN Free Trade Area(CAFTA)3.0 Upgrade Protocol in Kuala Lumpur,Malaysia,in the presence of Chinese Premier Li Qiang,Malaysian Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim,and leaders of other ASEAN member states.A close look at the protocol shows that the upgraded agreement marks substantive advances on several fronts.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52071057,52171247)the Liaoning Youth Elite Talent Program(No.XLYC220309)。
文摘Waves are important physical phenomena in an ocean,and their accurate prediction is essential for ocean engineering,maritime traffic,and marine early warning systems.This study focuses on the Qinhuangdao Sea area located in the Bohai Sea,China.Herein,we use on-site wind data to correct the reanalysis wind data obtained from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts(ECMWF),improving the accuracy of boundary conditions.Then,we use the Simulating WAves Nearshore(SWAN)model to simulate the regional wave field over time.A regional wave-parameter prediction model is then developed using a limited number of sampled data(covering only 2 years,2020–2021);the model is based on the Whale Optimization Algorithm(WOA),convolutional neural networks(CNNs),and long short-term memory(LSTM)neural networks.WOA is used to optimize the CNN and LSTM framework;in this framework,CNN extracts spatial features,and the LSTM network captures temporal features,enabling accurate short and long-term predictions of wave height,period,and direction.The experimental results showed that despite the small sample size,the model achieves a goodness of fit of 0.9957 for wave height prediction,0.9973 for period,and 0.9749 for wave direction in short-term forecasting.As the prediction step size increases,the accuracy of the model decreases.When the prediction step size reaches 9 h,the root mean square error for the prediction of wave height,period,and direction increases to 0.2060 m,0.4582 s,and32.5358°,respectively.The reliability and applicability of the model are further validated by the experimental results.Our findings highlighted the potential of the developed model in operational wave forecasting,even with a limited number of sampled data.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42225104)CAS Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research(Grant No.YSBR-086).
文摘Urban populations are increasingly exposed to extreme heat due to climate change and rapid urbanization,heightening health risks in cities worldwide.Accurate heat exposure assessment is essential for public health planning and risk reduction.Most existing approaches rely on a single threshold temperature(e.g.,35℃of daily max temperature),applied uniformly to the entire population.However,this one-size-fits-all assumption overlooks substantial differences in heat sensitivity across population subgroups.In this study,we address this limitation by quantifying subgroup-specific temperature-mortality relationships and using corresponding minimum mortality temperatures(MMTs)to assess heat exposure.Results show that the population-wide MMT was 27.5℃,but it varied greatly across population subgroups.The elderly population(≥65)had an MMT of 24.6℃,much lower than the 28.6℃observed in younger individuals(<65).Females also exhibited a lower MMT that males(25℃versus 28.2℃).However,educational attainment did not significantly affect MMT.Using a uniform MMT resulted in substantial underestimation of heat exposure,ranging from 25.3%in 1990 to 13.9%in 2020,reflecting demographic shifts over time.Spatially,nearly half of the city experienced underestimated heat risk,especially in central and northeastern regions where heat-vulnerable populations are concentrated.These findings underscore the need for more nuanced heat exposure assessments that account for demographic and spatial variability,paving the way for targeted public health interventions to protect the most vulnerable urban populations.
文摘In this paper,we define for the trace operator,the solution of certain models of vibrating plates standards with initial data in a strategic region spaces of weak regularities.Indeed,we know that the notion of regional controllability is more adapted to systems described by dynamic systems.Regional controllability results in a strategic area were established for vibrating plates by the Hilbertian Uniqueness Method.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant no.32371866)。
文摘Drought influences carbon fixation by plants.Therefore,elucidating its impact on carbon fluxes in plants at the ecosystem level is crucial for assessing their role in mitigating climate change.Using carbon fluxes and environmental factor data from FLUXNET sites,we analyzed the influence of drought on carbon fluxes,their drivers,time-lag effects,and recovery times across various climatic regions and seasons.Results showed drought significantly decreased gross primary production(GPP),ecosystem respiration,and net ecosystem productivity in arid regions but slightly increased carbon sequestration in humid regions.Summer droughts negatively affected vegetation carbon fluxes,partly offset by the positive impact of spring droughts.Nonforest carbon fluxes were more susceptible to drought effects than forest fluxes.Soil water content(SWC)was the main influence on changes in arid regions,whereas vapor pressure deficit(VPD)dominated humid regions.Decreased SWC and increased VPD reduced carbon sequestration in arid regions but increased it in humid regions.Increased VPD reduced GPP,leading to forest carbon loss,whereas decreased SWC reduced GPP,leading to nonforest carbon loss.The lag time of the drought effects on carbon fluxes was longer in humid regions(19.44 d)than in arid regions(14.71 d).Compared to nonforest areas(16.74 d and 57 d for drought lag and recovery time,respectively),forest areas had a longer lag(18.81 d)and recovery time(92 d).The findings revealed discrepancies in the main factors regulating vegetation carbon fluxes during droughts between arid and humid regions and between forest and nonforest ecosystems.These insights provide a new perspective on understanding and simulating carbon-climate feedback.Enhancing ecosystem diversity is a feasible measure to increase drought resistance.
文摘In December 2025,the ASEAN Centre for Energy(ACE)convened the third ASEAN Power Grid Partnership Meeting,bringing partners together for consultations on key issues.After more than two decades of planning and exploration,the ASEAN Power Grid is now entering a new phase—shifting from predominantly bilateral,one-way connections toward a multilateral,multidirectional network.
基金supported in part by the Research on Key Technologies for the Development of an Active Balancing Cooperative Control Systemfor Distribution Networks and the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 521532240029,Grant 62303006.
文摘To address the high costs and operational instability of distribution networks caused by the large-scale integration of distributed energy resources(DERs)(such as photovoltaic(PV)systems,wind turbines(WT),and energy storage(ES)devices),and the increased grid load fluctuations and safety risks due to uncoordinated electric vehicles(EVs)charging,this paper proposes a novel dual-scale hierarchical collaborative optimization strategy.This strategy decouples system-level economic dispatch from distributed EV agent control,effectively solving the resource coordination conflicts arising from the high computational complexity,poor scalability of existing centralized optimization,or the reliance on local information decision-making in fully decentralized frameworks.At the lower level,an EV charging and discharging model with a hybrid discrete-continuous action space is established,and optimized using an improved Parameterized Deep Q-Network(PDQN)algorithm,which directly handles mode selection and power regulation while embedding physical constraints to ensure safety.At the upper level,microgrid(MG)operators adopt a dynamic pricing strategy optimized through Deep Reinforcement Learning(DRL)to maximize economic benefits and achieve peak-valley shaving.Simulation results show that the proposed strategy outperforms traditional methods,reducing the total operating cost of the MG by 21.6%,decreasing the peak-to-valley load difference by 33.7%,reducing the number of voltage limit violations by 88.9%,and lowering the average electricity cost for EV users by 15.2%.This method brings a win-win result for operators and users,providing a reliable and efficient scheduling solution for distribution networks with high renewable energy penetration rates.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants U2166211)Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants LY24E070006 and LMS25E070002).
文摘Driven by the global energy transition and the urgent“dual carbon”goals,regional integrated energy system(RIES)planning is undergoing a paradigm shift from carbon reduction to negative carbon emissions.This paper provides a comprehensive review of the theoretical frameworks and technical pathways for RIES planning from a carbon-centric perspective.A key contribution is the proposed Carbon-Energy-Economy(CEE)triple-dimensional governance framework,which endogenizes carbon factors into planning decisions through emission constraints,trading mechanisms,and capture technologies.We first analyze the fundamental characteristics of RIES and their critical role in achieving carbon neutrality,detailing advancements in multi-energy coupling models,energy router concepts,and standardized energy hub modeling.The paper further explores multi-energy flow analysis methods,and systematically compares the applicability and limitations of various planning algorithms,with emphasis on addressing uncertainties from renewable integration.Finally,we highlight the integration of artificial intelligence with traditional optimization methods,offering new pathways for intelligent,adaptive,and low-carbon RIES planning.This review underscores the transition towards data-physical fusion models,cooperative uncertainty optimization,multi-market planning,and innovative zero/negative-carbon technological routes.
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(No.2023JJ70017No.2025JJ50627)Peak Climbing Project of Optometry Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University。
文摘AIM:To investigate the sex-specific correlation between systemic factors and retinal neurovascular alterations in individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus(T1DM)who do not exhibit signs of diabetic retinopathy(DR).METHODS:A cohort participant without DR diagnosed with T1DM,underwent comprehensive ophthalmologic evaluation,optical coherence tomography angiography retinal structural and microvascular density analysis,and systemic parameter assessment.Multiple linear regression analysis was used to investigate the impact of systemic parameters on retinal alterations in distinct gender groups.RESULTS:A total of 182 individuals were included,consisting of 85 males(mean age 23.28±12.75y)and 97 females(mean age 22.98±13.68y).Males exhibited significantly greater thickness in both the internal retinal layer and the entire retina compared to females(P<0.01),whereas females had higher densities of deep retinal vessels and choroidal capillaries(P<0.05).Additionally,glycemic control was found to have a notable influence on retinal thickness in males(P<0.05),while insulin function had a more pronounced impact on retinal structure in females(P<0.01).Furthermore,a significant correlation was observed between thyroid function markers and retinal parameters in both male and female(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:Sex differences in alterations in retinal structure and microcirculation are observed in individuals with T1DM prior to the development of clinical DR,with a noted association between these changes and systemic parameters.
基金supported by the following grants:National Social Science Fund of China(NSSFC)(Major Project)“Research on the Mechanism and Breakthrough Path for Achieving Key Core Technologies through the Coupling of Innovation Chains and Industrial Chains”(Grant No.22&ZD093)Key Research Institute of Humanities and Social Sciences,Ministry of Education“Research on Innovation Development Theory Based on Chinese Practice”(Grant No.23CEDRZ03).
文摘In the complex architecture of global value-chain(GVC)trade,firms’technological content increasingly reflects external knowledge flows.This study examines how inter-regional technological complementarity shapes firms’GVC advancement,measured by the domestic value-added rate(DVAR)in exports.Using integrated Chinese microdata(2000-2014),we find this complementarity significantly boosts export DVAR,explaining about one-quarter of its observed growth.Two mechanisms drive this effect:increased use of domestic intermediates and gains in firm productivity.The benefits are especially large for firms with lower human capital and for those in accessible,innovation-peripheral regions,helping narrow productivity gaps across firms and space.Affected firms also exhibit broader export scopes,higher product quality,more diversified destinations,and greater markups-firm-level evidence of GVC upgrading.These findings highlight how external technological linkages drive upgrading and underscore the importance of fostering inter-regional synergies for balanced development.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.U2243225)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDB40000000)+2 种基金the Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi(Grant No.Z2024-ZYFS-0065)the Funding of Top Young talents of Ten Thousand talents Plan in China(2021)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grants No.2452023071 and 2023HHZX002).
文摘Understanding the complex interactions between human activities and ecosystem functions is a prerequisite for achieving sustainable development.Since the implementation of the“Grain for Green”Project in 1999,ecosystem functions in China’s Loess Plateau have significantly improved.However,intensified human activities have also exacerbated the pressures on the region’s fragile ecological environment.This study investigates the spatiotemporal variations in the human activity intensity index(HAI)and net ecosystem benefits(NEB)from 2000 to 2020,using expert-based assessments and an enhanced cost-benefit evaluation framework.Results indicate that HAI increased by 16.7% and 16.6% at the grid and county levels,respectively.NEB exhibited pronounced spatial heterogeneity,with a total increase of USD 36.2 trillion at the grid scale.At the county level,the average NEB rose by 75%.The degree of trade-off was higher at the grid scale than at the county scale,while the synergistic areas initially expanded and then declined at both scales.Key areas for improvement and regions of lagging development were identified as priority zones for ecological management and spatial planning at both spatial resolutions.This study offers scientific insights and practical guidance for harmonizing ecological conservation with high-quality development in ecologically vulnerable regions.
基金National Social Science Fund of China,No.24BTJ037Significant Project of the National Social Science Foundation of China,No.23&ZD102+1 种基金The Key Research Base for Philosophy and Social Sciences in Hangzhou:ESG and Sustainable Development Research Center,No.25JD053Zhejiang Provincial Statistical Scientific Research Project,No.25TJZZ12。
文摘Establishing a Regional Marine Innovation Ecosystem(RMIE)is crucial for advancing China’s maritime power strategy.Concurrently,developing a competitive RMIE serves as a strategic lever to enhance the global competitiveness of China’s marine science sector.However,research on the competitiveness of RMIE is limited.To this end,this study constructs an evaluation index system based on ecological niche theory to assess the competitiveness of RMIE in China from 2008 to 2020.The findings indicate generally fluctuating upward trends in RMIE’s competitiveness,with Shandong,Jiangsu,and Guangdong showing relatively strong positions.Notably,there are significant intra-regional imbalances and inter-regional asynchrony in RMIE’s competitiveness across China’s three major marine economic circles.Recognizing that forecasting RMIE competitiveness can inform policy formulation,this paper proposes a systematic multivariate grey interval prediction model that incorporates spatial proximity effects.This model effectively captures the interval and uncertainty characteristics of RMIE’s competitiveness while considering spatial relationships among regions.Results from comparative analysis,robustness tests,and sensitivity analysis demonstrate its superior applicability and forecasting accuracy.Additionally,interval forecasts and scenario analyses suggest that RMIE competitiveness will maintain stable growth,although unbalanced and unsynchronized development is likely to persist.Overall,the approach developed for evaluating and forecasting RMIE competitiveness offers valuable insights for effective policy formulation.
文摘Since the launch of island-wide special customs operations at Hainan Free Trade Port(Hainan FTP),the proportion of “zero-tariff”imported goods has increased significantly from 21 to 74 percent, and high-quality goods from Southeast Asia can enter Hainan at a more competitive price. If goods contain imported materials and achieve at least 30 percent added value through local processing,they can enter the Chinese mainland market with an exemption from import tariffs, effectively gaining market access across China.
基金findings from the Research on the Innovative Mechanism for Coordinated Development of Ecological Security between China’s Yunnan Province and the Vietnam-LaosMyanmar Region,a general project of Yunnan Provincial Philosophy and Social Sciences Planning。
文摘In the hilly regions of Oudomxay Province,Laos,rows of deep blue photovoltaic panels are converting the scorching sunlight into clean electricity.They are part of the first phase of the Northern Laos Interconnected Clean Energy Base,which was developed by China General Nuclear Power Group and became operational at the end of 2025.
