Background: Facial redness is multifactorial in nature and may be a sign of many different conditions,including rosacea, photo damage and flushing. Herbal medicines have been used for thousands of years to treat a var...Background: Facial redness is multifactorial in nature and may be a sign of many different conditions,including rosacea, photo damage and flushing. Herbal medicines have been used for thousands of years to treat a variety of dermatological conditions. Turmeric(Curcuma longa) and its constituents have been shown to mediate dilation and constriction of peripheral arterioles and have demonstrated anti-oxidant,anti-inflammatory and wound-healing properties.Objective: To investigate the effects of turmeric and turmeric-containing polyherbal combination tablets versus placebo on facial redness.Design, setting, participants, and interventions: This was a prospective, double-blind, randomized pilot study. Thirty-three healthy participants were recruited from the dermatology clinic at the University of California, Davis and nearby community from 2016 to 2017. Thirty participants were enrolled, and28 participants completed the study. The enrolled participants were randomized to receive one of three interventions(placebo, turmeric or polyherbal combination tablets) and were told to take the intervention tablets by mouth twice daily for 4 weeks. Facial redness was assessed at baseline and 4 weeks after intervention by clinical grading and by image-based analysis.Main outcome measures: The primary outcome measure was image-based facial quantification of redness using a research camera and software analysis system. The investigators performed an intention-to-treat analysis by including all subjects who were enrolled in the trial and received any study intervention.Differences were considered statistically significant after accounting for multiple comparisons. Effect sizes for clinical grading were calculated with a Hedges' g where indicated.Results: Twenty-eight participants completed the study and there were no reported adverse events.Based on clinical grading, facial redness intensity and distribution down trended in the polyherbal combination group after 4 weeks(P = 0.1). Under photographic image analysis, the polyherbal combination group had a significant decrease in redness of 40% compared to baseline(P = 0.03). The placebo and turmeric groups had no statistically significant changes in image analysis-based facial redness.Conclusion: Polyherbal combination tablet supplementation improved facial redness compared to the turmeric or placebo. Overall, our findings suggested further investigations into the effects of turmeric and polyherbal formulations in skin conditions associated with facial redness would be warranted.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03065504.展开更多
Maqui berries are wildly grown or cultivated in the Patagonian region in Chile. The berries contain large amounts of anthocyanins, especially delphinidin glycosides, which are strong anti-oxidants. We previously repor...Maqui berries are wildly grown or cultivated in the Patagonian region in Chile. The berries contain large amounts of anthocyanins, especially delphinidin glycosides, which are strong anti-oxidants. We previously reported that standardized maqui berry extract, which contained lots of anthocyanins, has ameliorative effects against dry eyes and visible light-induced photoreceptor cell damage. However, the influence of maqui berry extract on the human skin has not been evaluated even though many skin troubles are related to active oxygen species. Therefore, we conducted a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled pilot study with Delphinol<span style="font-family:Verdana, Helvetica, Arial;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;"><span style="font-family:Verdana, Helvetica, Arial;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;">®</span></span>, a maqui berry extract standardized for anthocyanins, especially delphinidins and cyanidins, in healthy Japanese female subjects. Capsules containing Delphinol<span style="font-family:Verdana, Helvetica, Arial;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;"><span style="font-family:Verdana, Helvetica, Arial;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;"><span style="font-family:Verdana, Helvetica, Arial;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;">®</span></span></span> (60 mg) or placebo were orally administered to subjects aged 27 to 57 years old for eight weeks. Skin conditions [pigmentation, redness, skin tone, wrinkles, texture, oil content, water content, trans epidermal water loss (TEWL), collagen score, dermal thickness, and elasticity] were measured before and after intervention. In the Delphinol<span style="font-family:Verdana, Helvetica, Arial;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;"><span style="font-family:Verdana, Helvetica, Arial;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;"><span style="font-family:Verdana, Helvetica, Arial;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;">®</span></span></span> group, the saturation significantly increased after eight weeks and reddish spots significantly decreased after four weeks of intake. The collagen score, which decreases with age, slightly increased with age by Delphinol<span style="font-family:Verdana, Helvetica, Arial;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;"><span style="font-family:Verdana, Helvetica, Arial;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;">®</span></span> ingestion for eight weeks. Thus, the anthocyanin-standardized maqui berry extract Delphinol<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="font-family:Verdana, Helvetica, Arial;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;"><span style="font-family:Verdana, Helvetica, Arial;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;"><span style="font-family:Verdana, Helvetica, Arial;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;">®</span></span></span></span> increased skin brightness and collagen content, and improved facial skin redness. This study suggests that the daily oral intake of maqui berry extract can help maintain a healthy facial condition.展开更多
In order to explore the correlation of 3 different methods of evaluating the degree of skin redness,45 healthy Chinese subjects aged 18~45 were recruited to attend a human efficacy evaluation test.An emulsion product ...In order to explore the correlation of 3 different methods of evaluating the degree of skin redness,45 healthy Chinese subjects aged 18~45 were recruited to attend a human efficacy evaluation test.An emulsion product which declares soothing and repair efficacy was used each time in the morning and evening for 4 weeks.Three methods,including visual assessment,image analysis and instrument measurement,were taken to test the related indices of skin redness degree respectively.The improvement of skin redness and the correlation of 3 methods were evaluated by comparing the changes of each index before and after using the product.The results show that the face redness degree score and the image analysis a*value significantly reduce at all time points after using the sample(P<0.05),while the instrument probe a*value significantly reduce at the time point after using for 2 weeks(P<0.05).The correlation coefficient of the face redness degree score and the instrument probe a*value is more than 0.33 and less than 0.67,and the significance level is less than 0.01.Therefore,the sample has soothing and repair efficacy for improving skin redness;and the methods of visual assessment and instrument measurement present moderate positive correlation.展开更多
To synergistically recover alumina and alkali from red mud(RM),the structural stability and conversion mechanism of hydroandradite(HA)from hydrogarnet(HG)were investigated via the First-principles,XRF,XRD,PSD and SEM ...To synergistically recover alumina and alkali from red mud(RM),the structural stability and conversion mechanism of hydroandradite(HA)from hydrogarnet(HG)were investigated via the First-principles,XRF,XRD,PSD and SEM methods,and a novel hydrothermal process based on the conversion principle was finally proposed.The crystal structure simulation shows that the HA with varied silicon saturation coefficients is more stable than HG,and the HA with a high iron substitution coefficient is more difficult to be converted from HG.The(110)plane of Fe_(2)O_(3) is easier to combine with HG to form HA,and the binding energy is 81.93 kJ/mol.The effects of raw material ratio,solution concentration and hydrothermal parameters on the conversion from HG to HA were revealed,and the optimal conditions for the alumina recovery were obtained.The recovery efficiencies of alumina and Na_(2)O from the RM are 63.06%and 97.34%,respectively,and the Na_(2)O content in the treated RM is only 0.13%.展开更多
主题语境:人与社会——传统节日,家人团圆Before I came to China,I thought I knew about the Spring Festival,or“Chinese New Year”as we commonly call it in English.We learned to say“Gong Xi Fa Cai(恭喜发财)”in school an...主题语境:人与社会——传统节日,家人团圆Before I came to China,I thought I knew about the Spring Festival,or“Chinese New Year”as we commonly call it in English.We learned to say“Gong Xi Fa Cai(恭喜发财)”in school and saw pictures of red lanterns and firecrackers(爆竹)。展开更多
1.A visitor flings hot water into the freezing cold air at Axan UNESCO Global Geopark,Xing'an League,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,January 1,20262.Visitors clad in red floatation suits float on the icy cold Lak...1.A visitor flings hot water into the freezing cold air at Axan UNESCO Global Geopark,Xing'an League,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,January 1,20262.Visitors clad in red floatation suits float on the icy cold Lake Yuehai,Yuehai Wetland Park,Yinchuan,capital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,January 1,2026.展开更多
In this article,we provide an impact evaluation of an intervention in Peru regarding preparedness for El Nino impacts in Picsi District of Chiclayo Province in Peru’s northwestern coastal Lambayeque region.This effor...In this article,we provide an impact evaluation of an intervention in Peru regarding preparedness for El Nino impacts in Picsi District of Chiclayo Province in Peru’s northwestern coastal Lambayeque region.This effort involved the provision of special kits that reduce the potential damage to homes as a consequence of rainfall and floods associated with an El Nino-Southern Oscillation event.Information was collected in 2016 when this Forecast-based Financing early action was activated by an El Nino forecast,and after a coastal El Nino actually struck in 2017.This dual database permits us to estimate the impact of the intervention on the damage level of homes by comparing those homes supported by the program with those homes not receiving pilot-program support.This comparison is achieved by using propensity score matching techniques,which identify the most comparable homes to the ones that were supported by the intervention.The main findings of the study suggest a positive impact of the program in terms of its effectiveness in mitigating the damage caused by the 2017 El Ni?o.These results suggest a drop in the scale of house damage(less damage)by around 63%for a home that received the modular kit treatment.When considering other specifications of the model,the decrease in the scale of house damage improves up to approximately 66%.展开更多
This research aims to study the bio-adsorption process of two dyes,Cibacron Green H3G(CG-H3G)and Terasil Red(TR),in a single system and to bring them closer to the industrial textile discharge by a binary mixture of t...This research aims to study the bio-adsorption process of two dyes,Cibacron Green H3G(CG-H3G)and Terasil Red(TR),in a single system and to bring them closer to the industrial textile discharge by a binary mixture of two dyes(TR+CG-H3G).The Cockle Shell(CS)was used as a natural bio-adsorbent.The characterizations of CS were investigated by Fourier transform infrared(FTIR),X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDX)and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller(BET).The adsorption potential of Cockle Shells was tested in two cases(single and binary system)and determined by:contact time(0–60 min),bio-adsorption dose(3–15 g/L),initial concentration(10–300 mg/L),temperature(22–61°C)and pH solution(2–12).The study of bio-adsorption(equilibrium and kinetics)was conducted at 22°C.The kinetic studies demon-strated that a pseudo-second-order adsorption mechanism had a good correlation coefficient(R2≥0.999).The Langmuir isotherm modeling provided a well-defined description of TR and CG-H3G bio-adsorption on cockle shells,exhibiting maximum capacities of 29.41 and 3.69 mg/g respectively at 22°C.The thermodynamic study shows that the reaction between the TR,CG-H3G dyes molecules and the bio-adsorbent is exothermic,spontaneous in the range of 22–31°C with the aleatory character decrease at the solid-liquid interface.The study of selectivity in single and binary systems has been performed under optimal operating conditions using the industrial textile rejection pH(pH=6.04).CG-H3G dye is found to have a higher selectivity than TR in single(0–60 min)and binary systems with a range of 6–45 min,as shown by the selectivity measurement.It was discovered that CS has the capability to remove both CG-H3G and TR dyes in both simple and binary systems,making it a superior bio-adsorbent.展开更多
Understanding the levels,causes,and sources of fluoride in groundwater is critical for public health,effective water resource management,and sustainable utilization.This study employs multivariate statistical methods,...Understanding the levels,causes,and sources of fluoride in groundwater is critical for public health,effective water resource management,and sustainable utilization.This study employs multivariate statistical methods,hazard quotient assessment,and geochemical analyses,such as mineral saturation index,ionic activities,and Gibbs diagrams,to investigate the hydrochemical characteristics,causes,and noncarcinogenic risks of fluoride in Red bed groundwater and geothermal water in the Guang'an area and neighboring regions.Approximately 9%of the Red bed groundwater samples contain fluoride concentrations exceeding 1 mg·L^(-1).The predominant water types identified are Cl-Na and HCO_(3)-Na,primarily influenced by evapotranspiration.Low-fluoride groundwater and high-fluoride geothermal water exhibit distinct hydrochemical types HCO_(3)-Ca and SO_(4)-Ca,respectively,which are mainly related to the weathering of carbonate,sulfate,and fluorite-containing rocks.Correlation analysis reveals that fluoride content in Red bed groundwater is positively associated with Na^(+),Cl^(-),SO_(4)^(2-),and TDS(r^(2)=0.45-0.64,p<0.01),while in geothermal water,it correlates strongly with pH,K^(+),Ca^(2+),and Mg^(2+)(r^(2)=0.52-0.80,p<0.05).Mineral saturation indices and ionic activities indicate that ion exchange processes and the dissolution of minerals such as carbonatite and fluorite are important sources of fluoride in groundwater.The enrichment of fluorine in the Red bed groundwater is linked to evaporation,cation exchange and dissolution of fluorite,caused by the lithologic characteristics of the red bed in this area.However,it exhibits minimal correlation with the geothermal water in the adjacent area.The noncarcinogenic health risk assessment indicates that 7%(n=5)of Red bed groundwater points exceed the fluoride safety limit for adults,while 12%(n=8)exceed the limit for children.These findings underscore the importance of avoiding highly fluoridated red bed groundwater as a direct drinking source and enhancing groundwater monitoring to mitigate health risks associated with elevated fluoride levels.展开更多
With the advancement of astronomical observation technology,people have a deeper understanding of the formation and evolution of galaxies,but many details of our own Milky Way and other external galaxies are still unk...With the advancement of astronomical observation technology,people have a deeper understanding of the formation and evolution of galaxies,but many details of our own Milky Way and other external galaxies are still unknown.Therefore,by studying the formation and orbital transformation mechanism of satellites,planets and stars,the author puts forward a new theory on the formation and evolution of stars and galaxies,thus revealing the hierarchical structure of galaxies and the formation and evolution laws of main sequence stars,red giants,white dwarfs,black dwarfs,supernovae,neutron stars,black holes and quasars.Some special phenomena in the course of star formation and evolution,such as sunspots,flares,fast radio bursts and gamma-ray bursts,have also been revealed.展开更多
To investigate the effect of saturation on the storage-dissipation properties and failure characteristics of red sandstone,as well as the energy mechanism of rockburst prevention by water,a series of uniaxial compress...To investigate the effect of saturation on the storage-dissipation properties and failure characteristics of red sandstone,as well as the energy mechanism of rockburst prevention by water,a series of uniaxial compression and uniaxial loading–unloading tests were conducted under five saturation levels.The effect of saturation on the mechanical properties and elastic energy density was analyzed,and a method for obtaining peak energy density was proposed.The effect of saturation on the energy evolution was examined,and the energy mechanism of water in preventing rockburst was revealed.The results indicate that an increase in saturation of red sandstone decreases the input energy density,elastic energy density,dissipated energy density,peak strength and peak strain;the compaction phase of the stress–strain curve becomes shorter;the failure mode transitions from X-conjugate oblique shear to single oblique shear;the variation in the debris ejection trajectory is as follows:radiation→X-ray→oblique upward parabola→horizontal parabola→oblique downward parabola;the degree of failure intensity and fragmentation is decreased gradually.Elastic energy density is interconnected with both saturation and stress but independent of the loading path.Saturation exhibits a dual effect on the energy storage property,i.e.,increasing saturation increases the energy storage efficiency and reduces the energy storage capacity.The ratio of peak elastic energy density to peak input energy density remains constant irrespective of saturation levels.Water prevents rockburst by decreasing the energy storage capacity of surrounding rock,alleviating the stress of surrounding rock to reduce energy storage,and elevating the energy release threshold of high-energy surrounding rock.The findings of this study contribute to understanding the effect of water on rock failure from an energy perspective,as well as provide theoretical guidance for rockburst prevention by water in deep tunnels.展开更多
In present work,blue carbon dots(b-CDs)were derived from ammonium citrate and guanidine hydrochloride,and red carbon dots(r-CDs)were stemmed from malonate,ethylenediamine and meso-tetra(4-carboxyphenyl)porphin based o...In present work,blue carbon dots(b-CDs)were derived from ammonium citrate and guanidine hydrochloride,and red carbon dots(r-CDs)were stemmed from malonate,ethylenediamine and meso-tetra(4-carboxyphenyl)porphin based on facile hydrothermal method.Eco-friendly ratiometric fluorescence probe was innovatively constructed to effectively measure Hg2+utilizing b-CDs and r-CDs.The developed probe displayed two typical emission peaks at 450 nm from b-CDs and 650 nm from r-CDs under the excitation at 360 nm.Mercury ion has strong quenching effect on the fluorescence intensity at 450 nm due to the electron transfer process and the fluorescence change at 450 nm was used as the response signal,whereas the fluorescence intensity at 650 nm kept unchangeable which resulted from the chemical inertness between Hg^(2+)and r-CDs,serving as the reference signal in the sensing system.Under optimal circumstances,this probe exhibited an excellent linearity between the fluorescence response values of F450/F650 and Hg^(2+)concentrations over range of 0.01-10μmol/L,and the limit of detectionwas down to 5.3 nmol/L.Furthermore,this probe was successfully employed for sensing Hg^(2+)in practical environmental water samples with satisfied recoveries of 98.5%-105.0%.The constructed ratiometric fluorescent probe provided a rapid,environmental-friendly,reliable,and efficient platform for measuring trace Hg^(2+)in environmental field.展开更多
BACKGROUND As red blood cell distribution width(RDW)and albumin have been shown to be independent predictors of mortality from various diseases,this study aimed to investigate the effect of the RDW to albumin ratio(RA...BACKGROUND As red blood cell distribution width(RDW)and albumin have been shown to be independent predictors of mortality from various diseases,this study aimed to investigate the effect of the RDW to albumin ratio(RA)as an independent predictor of the prognosis of patients admitted to the coronary care unit(CCU).AIM To use the RDW and albumin level to predict the prognosis of patients in the CCU.METHODS Data were obtained from the Medical Information Mart Intensive Care III database.The primary outcome was 365-day all-cause mortality,whereas the secondary outcomes were 30-and 90-day all-cause mortality,hospital length of stay(LOS),and CCU LOS.Cox proportional hazards regression model,propen-sity score matching,and receiver operating characteristic curve analyses were used.RESULTS The hazard ratio(95%confidence interval)of the upper tertile(RA>4.66)was 1.62(1.29 to 2.03)when compared with the reference(RA<3.84)in 365-day all-cause mortality.This trend persisted after adjusting for demographic and clinical variables in the propensity score-matching analysis.Similar trends were observed for the secondary outcomes of hospital and CCU LOS.Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed by combining the RA and sequential organ failure assessment(SOFA)scores,and the C-statistic was higher than that of the SOFA scores(0.733 vs 0.702,P<0.001).CONCLUSION RA is an independent prognostic factor in patients admitted to the CCU.RA combined with the SOFA score can improve the predictive ability of the SOFA score.However,our results should be verified in future prospective studies.展开更多
On 19 May 2022, an outbreak of 105 red sprites that occurred over South Asia was fortuitously recorded by two amateurs from a site in the southern Tibetan Plateau(TP), marking the highest number captured over a single...On 19 May 2022, an outbreak of 105 red sprites that occurred over South Asia was fortuitously recorded by two amateurs from a site in the southern Tibetan Plateau(TP), marking the highest number captured over a single thunderstorm in South Asia. Nearly half of these events involved dancing sprites, with an additional 16 uncommon secondary jets and at least four extremely rare green emissions called “ghosts” observed following the associated sprites. Due to the absence of the precise timing needed to identify parent lightning, a method based on satellite motion trajectories and star fields is proposed to infer video frame timestamps within an error of less than one second. After verifying 95 sprites from two videos, our method identified the parent lightning for 66 sprites(~70%). The sprite-producing strokes, mainly of positive polarity with peak currents exceeding +50 k A, occurred in the stratiform region of a mesoscale convective complex(MCC)that spanned the Ganges Plain to the southern TP, with a cloud area over 200 000 km2 and a minimum cloud-top black body temperature near 180 K. This observation confirms that thunderstorms in South Asia, akin to mesoscale convective systems(MCSs) in the Great Plains of the United States or coastal thunderstorms in Europe, can produce numerous sprites,including complex species. Our analysis bears important implications for characterizing thunderstorms above the southern TP and examining their physical and chemical effects on the adjacent regions, as well as the nature of the coupling between the troposphere and middle-upper atmosphere in this region.展开更多
Assessing the threat status of species in response to global change is critical for biodiversity monitoring and conservation efforts.However,current frameworks,even the IUCN Red List,often neglect critical factors suc...Assessing the threat status of species in response to global change is critical for biodiversity monitoring and conservation efforts.However,current frameworks,even the IUCN Red List,often neglect critical factors such as genetic diversity and the impacts of climate and land-use changes,hindering effective conservation planning.To address these limitations,we developed an enhanced extinction risk assessment framework using Diploderma lizards as a model.This framework incorporates long-term field surveys,environmental data,and land-use information to predict distributional changes for 10 recently described Diploderma species on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau,which hold ecological significance but remain underassessed in conservation assessment.By integrating the distribution data and genetically inferred effective population sizes(Ne),we conducted scenario analyses and used a rank-sum approach to calculate Risk ranking scores(RRS)for each species.This approach revealed significant discrepancies with the IUCN Red List assessments.Notably,D.yangi and D.qilin were identified as facing the highest extinction risk.Furthermore,D.vela,D.batangense,D.flaviceps,D.dymondi,D.yulongense,and D.laeviventre,currently classified as“Least Concern”,were found to warrant reclassification as“Vulnerable”due to considerable threat from projected range contractions.Exploring the relationship between morphology and RRS revealed that traits such as snout-vent length and relative tail length could serve as potential predictors of extinction risk,offering preliminary metrics for assessing species vulnerability when comprehensive data are unavailable.This study enhances the precision of extinction risk assessment frameworks and demonstrates their capacity to refine and update risk assessments,especially for lesser-known taxa.展开更多
The presence of heavy metals in soil negatively impacts its mechanical properties.Reactive MgO carbonation presents a promising approach to enhance the solidification of Pb-contaminated sandy soils.However,the mechani...The presence of heavy metals in soil negatively impacts its mechanical properties.Reactive MgO carbonation presents a promising approach to enhance the solidification of Pb-contaminated sandy soils.However,the mechanical properties and structural behavior of contaminated soils during carbonation can vary significantly due to differences in soil composition.This study examines the potential application and underlying mechanisms of reactive MgO carbonation in improving the mechanical properties of Pb-contaminated red clay.The findings demonstrate that Pb-contaminated red clay transitions from a plastic to a brittle state following reactive MgO carbonation.After 1 h of treatment,the strength of the red clay exceeded 3 MPa,even at high Pb^(2+)concentrations.The deformation modulus to unconfined compressive strength(UCS)ratio was calculated to be 37.761,with the failure strain primarily ranging from 1.5%to 4.0%.A strength prediction model for the reactive MgO-stabilized Pb-contaminated red clay was proposed,which showed good predictive accuracy.Furthermore,reactive MgO carbonation significantly reduced the Pb leaching concentration in the high-level Pb-contaminated soil to below 0.1 mg/L.Microscopic analysis revealed that an optimal amount of hydrated magnesium carbonates(HMCs)formed a stable and compact structure with the soil particles.However,long-term carbonation causes red clay particles to become sandy,and excessive HMCs can harm the soil structure.Therefore,to maximize the strength improvement while avoiding structural damage,the carbonation time should be controlled to 1 h.展开更多
文摘Background: Facial redness is multifactorial in nature and may be a sign of many different conditions,including rosacea, photo damage and flushing. Herbal medicines have been used for thousands of years to treat a variety of dermatological conditions. Turmeric(Curcuma longa) and its constituents have been shown to mediate dilation and constriction of peripheral arterioles and have demonstrated anti-oxidant,anti-inflammatory and wound-healing properties.Objective: To investigate the effects of turmeric and turmeric-containing polyherbal combination tablets versus placebo on facial redness.Design, setting, participants, and interventions: This was a prospective, double-blind, randomized pilot study. Thirty-three healthy participants were recruited from the dermatology clinic at the University of California, Davis and nearby community from 2016 to 2017. Thirty participants were enrolled, and28 participants completed the study. The enrolled participants were randomized to receive one of three interventions(placebo, turmeric or polyherbal combination tablets) and were told to take the intervention tablets by mouth twice daily for 4 weeks. Facial redness was assessed at baseline and 4 weeks after intervention by clinical grading and by image-based analysis.Main outcome measures: The primary outcome measure was image-based facial quantification of redness using a research camera and software analysis system. The investigators performed an intention-to-treat analysis by including all subjects who were enrolled in the trial and received any study intervention.Differences were considered statistically significant after accounting for multiple comparisons. Effect sizes for clinical grading were calculated with a Hedges' g where indicated.Results: Twenty-eight participants completed the study and there were no reported adverse events.Based on clinical grading, facial redness intensity and distribution down trended in the polyherbal combination group after 4 weeks(P = 0.1). Under photographic image analysis, the polyherbal combination group had a significant decrease in redness of 40% compared to baseline(P = 0.03). The placebo and turmeric groups had no statistically significant changes in image analysis-based facial redness.Conclusion: Polyherbal combination tablet supplementation improved facial redness compared to the turmeric or placebo. Overall, our findings suggested further investigations into the effects of turmeric and polyherbal formulations in skin conditions associated with facial redness would be warranted.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03065504.
文摘Maqui berries are wildly grown or cultivated in the Patagonian region in Chile. The berries contain large amounts of anthocyanins, especially delphinidin glycosides, which are strong anti-oxidants. We previously reported that standardized maqui berry extract, which contained lots of anthocyanins, has ameliorative effects against dry eyes and visible light-induced photoreceptor cell damage. However, the influence of maqui berry extract on the human skin has not been evaluated even though many skin troubles are related to active oxygen species. Therefore, we conducted a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled pilot study with Delphinol<span style="font-family:Verdana, Helvetica, Arial;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;"><span style="font-family:Verdana, Helvetica, Arial;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;">®</span></span>, a maqui berry extract standardized for anthocyanins, especially delphinidins and cyanidins, in healthy Japanese female subjects. Capsules containing Delphinol<span style="font-family:Verdana, Helvetica, Arial;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;"><span style="font-family:Verdana, Helvetica, Arial;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;"><span style="font-family:Verdana, Helvetica, Arial;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;">®</span></span></span> (60 mg) or placebo were orally administered to subjects aged 27 to 57 years old for eight weeks. Skin conditions [pigmentation, redness, skin tone, wrinkles, texture, oil content, water content, trans epidermal water loss (TEWL), collagen score, dermal thickness, and elasticity] were measured before and after intervention. In the Delphinol<span style="font-family:Verdana, Helvetica, Arial;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;"><span style="font-family:Verdana, Helvetica, Arial;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;"><span style="font-family:Verdana, Helvetica, Arial;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;">®</span></span></span> group, the saturation significantly increased after eight weeks and reddish spots significantly decreased after four weeks of intake. The collagen score, which decreases with age, slightly increased with age by Delphinol<span style="font-family:Verdana, Helvetica, Arial;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;"><span style="font-family:Verdana, Helvetica, Arial;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;">®</span></span> ingestion for eight weeks. Thus, the anthocyanin-standardized maqui berry extract Delphinol<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="font-family:Verdana, Helvetica, Arial;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;"><span style="font-family:Verdana, Helvetica, Arial;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;"><span style="font-family:Verdana, Helvetica, Arial;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;">®</span></span></span></span> increased skin brightness and collagen content, and improved facial skin redness. This study suggests that the daily oral intake of maqui berry extract can help maintain a healthy facial condition.
文摘In order to explore the correlation of 3 different methods of evaluating the degree of skin redness,45 healthy Chinese subjects aged 18~45 were recruited to attend a human efficacy evaluation test.An emulsion product which declares soothing and repair efficacy was used each time in the morning and evening for 4 weeks.Three methods,including visual assessment,image analysis and instrument measurement,were taken to test the related indices of skin redness degree respectively.The improvement of skin redness and the correlation of 3 methods were evaluated by comparing the changes of each index before and after using the product.The results show that the face redness degree score and the image analysis a*value significantly reduce at all time points after using the sample(P<0.05),while the instrument probe a*value significantly reduce at the time point after using for 2 weeks(P<0.05).The correlation coefficient of the face redness degree score and the instrument probe a*value is more than 0.33 and less than 0.67,and the significance level is less than 0.01.Therefore,the sample has soothing and repair efficacy for improving skin redness;and the methods of visual assessment and instrument measurement present moderate positive correlation.
基金the financial support from the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFC2904405)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22078055,51774079)。
文摘To synergistically recover alumina and alkali from red mud(RM),the structural stability and conversion mechanism of hydroandradite(HA)from hydrogarnet(HG)were investigated via the First-principles,XRF,XRD,PSD and SEM methods,and a novel hydrothermal process based on the conversion principle was finally proposed.The crystal structure simulation shows that the HA with varied silicon saturation coefficients is more stable than HG,and the HA with a high iron substitution coefficient is more difficult to be converted from HG.The(110)plane of Fe_(2)O_(3) is easier to combine with HG to form HA,and the binding energy is 81.93 kJ/mol.The effects of raw material ratio,solution concentration and hydrothermal parameters on the conversion from HG to HA were revealed,and the optimal conditions for the alumina recovery were obtained.The recovery efficiencies of alumina and Na_(2)O from the RM are 63.06%and 97.34%,respectively,and the Na_(2)O content in the treated RM is only 0.13%.
文摘主题语境:人与社会——传统节日,家人团圆Before I came to China,I thought I knew about the Spring Festival,or“Chinese New Year”as we commonly call it in English.We learned to say“Gong Xi Fa Cai(恭喜发财)”in school and saw pictures of red lanterns and firecrackers(爆竹)。
文摘1.A visitor flings hot water into the freezing cold air at Axan UNESCO Global Geopark,Xing'an League,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,January 1,20262.Visitors clad in red floatation suits float on the icy cold Lake Yuehai,Yuehai Wetland Park,Yinchuan,capital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,January 1,2026.
文摘In this article,we provide an impact evaluation of an intervention in Peru regarding preparedness for El Nino impacts in Picsi District of Chiclayo Province in Peru’s northwestern coastal Lambayeque region.This effort involved the provision of special kits that reduce the potential damage to homes as a consequence of rainfall and floods associated with an El Nino-Southern Oscillation event.Information was collected in 2016 when this Forecast-based Financing early action was activated by an El Nino forecast,and after a coastal El Nino actually struck in 2017.This dual database permits us to estimate the impact of the intervention on the damage level of homes by comparing those homes supported by the program with those homes not receiving pilot-program support.This comparison is achieved by using propensity score matching techniques,which identify the most comparable homes to the ones that were supported by the intervention.The main findings of the study suggest a positive impact of the program in terms of its effectiveness in mitigating the damage caused by the 2017 El Ni?o.These results suggest a drop in the scale of house damage(less damage)by around 63%for a home that received the modular kit treatment.When considering other specifications of the model,the decrease in the scale of house damage improves up to approximately 66%.
基金supported by the University Salah Boubnider-Constantine 3 (Algeria).
文摘This research aims to study the bio-adsorption process of two dyes,Cibacron Green H3G(CG-H3G)and Terasil Red(TR),in a single system and to bring them closer to the industrial textile discharge by a binary mixture of two dyes(TR+CG-H3G).The Cockle Shell(CS)was used as a natural bio-adsorbent.The characterizations of CS were investigated by Fourier transform infrared(FTIR),X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDX)and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller(BET).The adsorption potential of Cockle Shells was tested in two cases(single and binary system)and determined by:contact time(0–60 min),bio-adsorption dose(3–15 g/L),initial concentration(10–300 mg/L),temperature(22–61°C)and pH solution(2–12).The study of bio-adsorption(equilibrium and kinetics)was conducted at 22°C.The kinetic studies demon-strated that a pseudo-second-order adsorption mechanism had a good correlation coefficient(R2≥0.999).The Langmuir isotherm modeling provided a well-defined description of TR and CG-H3G bio-adsorption on cockle shells,exhibiting maximum capacities of 29.41 and 3.69 mg/g respectively at 22°C.The thermodynamic study shows that the reaction between the TR,CG-H3G dyes molecules and the bio-adsorbent is exothermic,spontaneous in the range of 22–31°C with the aleatory character decrease at the solid-liquid interface.The study of selectivity in single and binary systems has been performed under optimal operating conditions using the industrial textile rejection pH(pH=6.04).CG-H3G dye is found to have a higher selectivity than TR in single(0–60 min)and binary systems with a range of 6–45 min,as shown by the selectivity measurement.It was discovered that CS has the capability to remove both CG-H3G and TR dyes in both simple and binary systems,making it a superior bio-adsorbent.
基金supported by the China Geological Survey Project(Nos.DD20220864 and DD20243077).
文摘Understanding the levels,causes,and sources of fluoride in groundwater is critical for public health,effective water resource management,and sustainable utilization.This study employs multivariate statistical methods,hazard quotient assessment,and geochemical analyses,such as mineral saturation index,ionic activities,and Gibbs diagrams,to investigate the hydrochemical characteristics,causes,and noncarcinogenic risks of fluoride in Red bed groundwater and geothermal water in the Guang'an area and neighboring regions.Approximately 9%of the Red bed groundwater samples contain fluoride concentrations exceeding 1 mg·L^(-1).The predominant water types identified are Cl-Na and HCO_(3)-Na,primarily influenced by evapotranspiration.Low-fluoride groundwater and high-fluoride geothermal water exhibit distinct hydrochemical types HCO_(3)-Ca and SO_(4)-Ca,respectively,which are mainly related to the weathering of carbonate,sulfate,and fluorite-containing rocks.Correlation analysis reveals that fluoride content in Red bed groundwater is positively associated with Na^(+),Cl^(-),SO_(4)^(2-),and TDS(r^(2)=0.45-0.64,p<0.01),while in geothermal water,it correlates strongly with pH,K^(+),Ca^(2+),and Mg^(2+)(r^(2)=0.52-0.80,p<0.05).Mineral saturation indices and ionic activities indicate that ion exchange processes and the dissolution of minerals such as carbonatite and fluorite are important sources of fluoride in groundwater.The enrichment of fluorine in the Red bed groundwater is linked to evaporation,cation exchange and dissolution of fluorite,caused by the lithologic characteristics of the red bed in this area.However,it exhibits minimal correlation with the geothermal water in the adjacent area.The noncarcinogenic health risk assessment indicates that 7%(n=5)of Red bed groundwater points exceed the fluoride safety limit for adults,while 12%(n=8)exceed the limit for children.These findings underscore the importance of avoiding highly fluoridated red bed groundwater as a direct drinking source and enhancing groundwater monitoring to mitigate health risks associated with elevated fluoride levels.
文摘With the advancement of astronomical observation technology,people have a deeper understanding of the formation and evolution of galaxies,but many details of our own Milky Way and other external galaxies are still unknown.Therefore,by studying the formation and orbital transformation mechanism of satellites,planets and stars,the author puts forward a new theory on the formation and evolution of stars and galaxies,thus revealing the hierarchical structure of galaxies and the formation and evolution laws of main sequence stars,red giants,white dwarfs,black dwarfs,supernovae,neutron stars,black holes and quasars.Some special phenomena in the course of star formation and evolution,such as sunspots,flares,fast radio bursts and gamma-ray bursts,have also been revealed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52104133,52304227)the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(2021JJ40465,2023JJ40548)the Opening Foundation of the State Key Laboratory of Mining Response and Disaster Prevention and Control in Deep Coal Mines(SKLMRDPC20KF03).
文摘To investigate the effect of saturation on the storage-dissipation properties and failure characteristics of red sandstone,as well as the energy mechanism of rockburst prevention by water,a series of uniaxial compression and uniaxial loading–unloading tests were conducted under five saturation levels.The effect of saturation on the mechanical properties and elastic energy density was analyzed,and a method for obtaining peak energy density was proposed.The effect of saturation on the energy evolution was examined,and the energy mechanism of water in preventing rockburst was revealed.The results indicate that an increase in saturation of red sandstone decreases the input energy density,elastic energy density,dissipated energy density,peak strength and peak strain;the compaction phase of the stress–strain curve becomes shorter;the failure mode transitions from X-conjugate oblique shear to single oblique shear;the variation in the debris ejection trajectory is as follows:radiation→X-ray→oblique upward parabola→horizontal parabola→oblique downward parabola;the degree of failure intensity and fragmentation is decreased gradually.Elastic energy density is interconnected with both saturation and stress but independent of the loading path.Saturation exhibits a dual effect on the energy storage property,i.e.,increasing saturation increases the energy storage efficiency and reduces the energy storage capacity.The ratio of peak elastic energy density to peak input energy density remains constant irrespective of saturation levels.Water prevents rockburst by decreasing the energy storage capacity of surrounding rock,alleviating the stress of surrounding rock to reduce energy storage,and elevating the energy release threshold of high-energy surrounding rock.The findings of this study contribute to understanding the effect of water on rock failure from an energy perspective,as well as provide theoretical guidance for rockburst prevention by water in deep tunnels.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.22106039,21976211,and 42007204)the Science Foundation of Henan Normal University (No.2021PL23)+1 种基金the Excellent Science and Technology Innovation Team of Henan Normal University (No.2021TD06)the Program for Innovative Research Team in Science and Technology in the University of Henan Province (No.20IRTSTHN011).
文摘In present work,blue carbon dots(b-CDs)were derived from ammonium citrate and guanidine hydrochloride,and red carbon dots(r-CDs)were stemmed from malonate,ethylenediamine and meso-tetra(4-carboxyphenyl)porphin based on facile hydrothermal method.Eco-friendly ratiometric fluorescence probe was innovatively constructed to effectively measure Hg2+utilizing b-CDs and r-CDs.The developed probe displayed two typical emission peaks at 450 nm from b-CDs and 650 nm from r-CDs under the excitation at 360 nm.Mercury ion has strong quenching effect on the fluorescence intensity at 450 nm due to the electron transfer process and the fluorescence change at 450 nm was used as the response signal,whereas the fluorescence intensity at 650 nm kept unchangeable which resulted from the chemical inertness between Hg^(2+)and r-CDs,serving as the reference signal in the sensing system.Under optimal circumstances,this probe exhibited an excellent linearity between the fluorescence response values of F450/F650 and Hg^(2+)concentrations over range of 0.01-10μmol/L,and the limit of detectionwas down to 5.3 nmol/L.Furthermore,this probe was successfully employed for sensing Hg^(2+)in practical environmental water samples with satisfied recoveries of 98.5%-105.0%.The constructed ratiometric fluorescent probe provided a rapid,environmental-friendly,reliable,and efficient platform for measuring trace Hg^(2+)in environmental field.
文摘BACKGROUND As red blood cell distribution width(RDW)and albumin have been shown to be independent predictors of mortality from various diseases,this study aimed to investigate the effect of the RDW to albumin ratio(RA)as an independent predictor of the prognosis of patients admitted to the coronary care unit(CCU).AIM To use the RDW and albumin level to predict the prognosis of patients in the CCU.METHODS Data were obtained from the Medical Information Mart Intensive Care III database.The primary outcome was 365-day all-cause mortality,whereas the secondary outcomes were 30-and 90-day all-cause mortality,hospital length of stay(LOS),and CCU LOS.Cox proportional hazards regression model,propen-sity score matching,and receiver operating characteristic curve analyses were used.RESULTS The hazard ratio(95%confidence interval)of the upper tertile(RA>4.66)was 1.62(1.29 to 2.03)when compared with the reference(RA<3.84)in 365-day all-cause mortality.This trend persisted after adjusting for demographic and clinical variables in the propensity score-matching analysis.Similar trends were observed for the secondary outcomes of hospital and CCU LOS.Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed by combining the RA and sequential organ failure assessment(SOFA)scores,and the C-statistic was higher than that of the SOFA scores(0.733 vs 0.702,P<0.001).CONCLUSION RA is an independent prognostic factor in patients admitted to the CCU.RA combined with the SOFA score can improve the predictive ability of the SOFA score.However,our results should be verified in future prospective studies.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.42394122)CAS Project of Stable Support for Youth Team in Basic Research Field (YSRR-018)+1 种基金the National Key R&D Program of China (2023YFC3007703)the Chinese Meridian Project, and the International Partnership Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (183311KYSB20200003)。
文摘On 19 May 2022, an outbreak of 105 red sprites that occurred over South Asia was fortuitously recorded by two amateurs from a site in the southern Tibetan Plateau(TP), marking the highest number captured over a single thunderstorm in South Asia. Nearly half of these events involved dancing sprites, with an additional 16 uncommon secondary jets and at least four extremely rare green emissions called “ghosts” observed following the associated sprites. Due to the absence of the precise timing needed to identify parent lightning, a method based on satellite motion trajectories and star fields is proposed to infer video frame timestamps within an error of less than one second. After verifying 95 sprites from two videos, our method identified the parent lightning for 66 sprites(~70%). The sprite-producing strokes, mainly of positive polarity with peak currents exceeding +50 k A, occurred in the stratiform region of a mesoscale convective complex(MCC)that spanned the Ganges Plain to the southern TP, with a cloud area over 200 000 km2 and a minimum cloud-top black body temperature near 180 K. This observation confirms that thunderstorms in South Asia, akin to mesoscale convective systems(MCSs) in the Great Plains of the United States or coastal thunderstorms in Europe, can produce numerous sprites,including complex species. Our analysis bears important implications for characterizing thunderstorms above the southern TP and examining their physical and chemical effects on the adjacent regions, as well as the nature of the coupling between the troposphere and middle-upper atmosphere in this region.
基金supported by the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program (STEP,2019QZKK0402)Science and Technology Plan Project of Xizang Autonomous Region to Y.Q. (XZ202201ZY0030G)National Natural Science Foundation of China (32201424 to Z.Y.L.and 31872233 to Y.Q.)。
文摘Assessing the threat status of species in response to global change is critical for biodiversity monitoring and conservation efforts.However,current frameworks,even the IUCN Red List,often neglect critical factors such as genetic diversity and the impacts of climate and land-use changes,hindering effective conservation planning.To address these limitations,we developed an enhanced extinction risk assessment framework using Diploderma lizards as a model.This framework incorporates long-term field surveys,environmental data,and land-use information to predict distributional changes for 10 recently described Diploderma species on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau,which hold ecological significance but remain underassessed in conservation assessment.By integrating the distribution data and genetically inferred effective population sizes(Ne),we conducted scenario analyses and used a rank-sum approach to calculate Risk ranking scores(RRS)for each species.This approach revealed significant discrepancies with the IUCN Red List assessments.Notably,D.yangi and D.qilin were identified as facing the highest extinction risk.Furthermore,D.vela,D.batangense,D.flaviceps,D.dymondi,D.yulongense,and D.laeviventre,currently classified as“Least Concern”,were found to warrant reclassification as“Vulnerable”due to considerable threat from projected range contractions.Exploring the relationship between morphology and RRS revealed that traits such as snout-vent length and relative tail length could serve as potential predictors of extinction risk,offering preliminary metrics for assessing species vulnerability when comprehensive data are unavailable.This study enhances the precision of extinction risk assessment frameworks and demonstrates their capacity to refine and update risk assessments,especially for lesser-known taxa.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2023YFC3707900)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42030710 and 42472337).
文摘The presence of heavy metals in soil negatively impacts its mechanical properties.Reactive MgO carbonation presents a promising approach to enhance the solidification of Pb-contaminated sandy soils.However,the mechanical properties and structural behavior of contaminated soils during carbonation can vary significantly due to differences in soil composition.This study examines the potential application and underlying mechanisms of reactive MgO carbonation in improving the mechanical properties of Pb-contaminated red clay.The findings demonstrate that Pb-contaminated red clay transitions from a plastic to a brittle state following reactive MgO carbonation.After 1 h of treatment,the strength of the red clay exceeded 3 MPa,even at high Pb^(2+)concentrations.The deformation modulus to unconfined compressive strength(UCS)ratio was calculated to be 37.761,with the failure strain primarily ranging from 1.5%to 4.0%.A strength prediction model for the reactive MgO-stabilized Pb-contaminated red clay was proposed,which showed good predictive accuracy.Furthermore,reactive MgO carbonation significantly reduced the Pb leaching concentration in the high-level Pb-contaminated soil to below 0.1 mg/L.Microscopic analysis revealed that an optimal amount of hydrated magnesium carbonates(HMCs)formed a stable and compact structure with the soil particles.However,long-term carbonation causes red clay particles to become sandy,and excessive HMCs can harm the soil structure.Therefore,to maximize the strength improvement while avoiding structural damage,the carbonation time should be controlled to 1 h.
