Ship maneuvering in waves includes the performance of ship resistance, seakeeping, propulsion, and maneuverability. It is a complex hydrodynamic problem with the interaction of many factors. With the purpose of direct...Ship maneuvering in waves includes the performance of ship resistance, seakeeping, propulsion, and maneuverability. It is a complex hydrodynamic problem with the interaction of many factors. With the purpose of directly predicting the behavior of ship maneuvering in waves, a CFD solver named naoe-FOAM-SJTU is developed by the Computational Marine Hydrodynamics Lab(CMHL) in Shanghai Jiao Tong University. The solver is based on open source platform OpenFOAM and has introduced dynamic overset grid technology to handle complex ship hull-propeller-rudder motion system. Maneuvering control module based on feedback control mechanism is also developed to accurately simulate corresponding motion behavior of free running ship maneuver. Inlet boundary wavemaker and relaxation zone technique is used to generate desired waves. Based on the developed modules, unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes(RANS) computations are carried out for several validation cases of free running ship maneuver in waves including zigzag, turning circle, and course keeping maneuvers. The simulation results are compared with available benchmark data. Ship motions, trajectories, and other maneuvering parameters are consistent with available experimental data, which indicate that the present solver can be suitable and reliable in predicting the performance of ship maneuvering in waves. Flow visualizations, such as free surface elevation, wake flow, vortical structures, are presented to explain the hydrodynamic performance of ship maneuvering in waves. Large flow separation can be observed around propellers and rudders. It is concluded that RANS approach is not accurate enough for predicting ship maneuvering in waves with large flow separations and detached eddy simulation(DES) or large eddy simulation(LES) computations are required to improve the prediction accuracy.展开更多
Photodynamic therapy(PDT)has thrived as a promising cancer treatment modality in recent years.Herein,four trinuclear platinum-triphenylamine isomers were synthesized to investigate their potential as PDT anticancer ag...Photodynamic therapy(PDT)has thrived as a promising cancer treatment modality in recent years.Herein,four trinuclear platinum-triphenylamine isomers were synthesized to investigate their potential as PDT anticancer agents.The results found that when platinum_((II))moieties were conjugated to the paraposition of the pyridyl ring of the triphenylamine core(complexes 1 and 2),they exhibited much better PDT activities than their meta-position coordinated counterparts(complexes 3 and 4),owing to the redder absorption and emission wavelength,higher singlet oxygen quantum yield and cell nucleus-targeted ability.Further studies revealed that complex 2,which was the most potent among the four complexes,effectively induced DNA damage responses,arrested the cell cycle in the G2/M phase and consequently resulted in cancer cell apoptosis upon 425 nm light irradiation(40 mW cm^(-2),15 min).In vivo studies also demonstrated that 2 was an effective photodynamic anticancer agent.展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51809169,51879159,51490675,11432009, 51579145)Chang Jiang Scholars Program (T2014099)+2 种基金Shanghai Excellent Academic Leaders Program (17XD1402300)Program for Professor of Special Appointment (Eastern Scholar)at Shanghai Institutions of Higher Learning (2013022)Innovative Special Project of Numerical Tank of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of China (2016-23/09).
文摘Ship maneuvering in waves includes the performance of ship resistance, seakeeping, propulsion, and maneuverability. It is a complex hydrodynamic problem with the interaction of many factors. With the purpose of directly predicting the behavior of ship maneuvering in waves, a CFD solver named naoe-FOAM-SJTU is developed by the Computational Marine Hydrodynamics Lab(CMHL) in Shanghai Jiao Tong University. The solver is based on open source platform OpenFOAM and has introduced dynamic overset grid technology to handle complex ship hull-propeller-rudder motion system. Maneuvering control module based on feedback control mechanism is also developed to accurately simulate corresponding motion behavior of free running ship maneuver. Inlet boundary wavemaker and relaxation zone technique is used to generate desired waves. Based on the developed modules, unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes(RANS) computations are carried out for several validation cases of free running ship maneuver in waves including zigzag, turning circle, and course keeping maneuvers. The simulation results are compared with available benchmark data. Ship motions, trajectories, and other maneuvering parameters are consistent with available experimental data, which indicate that the present solver can be suitable and reliable in predicting the performance of ship maneuvering in waves. Flow visualizations, such as free surface elevation, wake flow, vortical structures, are presented to explain the hydrodynamic performance of ship maneuvering in waves. Large flow separation can be observed around propellers and rudders. It is concluded that RANS approach is not accurate enough for predicting ship maneuvering in waves with large flow separations and detached eddy simulation(DES) or large eddy simulation(LES) computations are required to improve the prediction accuracy.
基金supported by the 973 program(No.2015CB856301)the National Science Foundation of China(No.21837006 and 21572282)+2 种基金the Ministry of Education of China(No.IRT-17R111)the Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province(No.2013B051000047 and 207999)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities。
文摘Photodynamic therapy(PDT)has thrived as a promising cancer treatment modality in recent years.Herein,four trinuclear platinum-triphenylamine isomers were synthesized to investigate their potential as PDT anticancer agents.The results found that when platinum_((II))moieties were conjugated to the paraposition of the pyridyl ring of the triphenylamine core(complexes 1 and 2),they exhibited much better PDT activities than their meta-position coordinated counterparts(complexes 3 and 4),owing to the redder absorption and emission wavelength,higher singlet oxygen quantum yield and cell nucleus-targeted ability.Further studies revealed that complex 2,which was the most potent among the four complexes,effectively induced DNA damage responses,arrested the cell cycle in the G2/M phase and consequently resulted in cancer cell apoptosis upon 425 nm light irradiation(40 mW cm^(-2),15 min).In vivo studies also demonstrated that 2 was an effective photodynamic anticancer agent.
