BACKGROUND Perimenopausal women are prone to anxiety and depression due to fluctuating hormone levels,which significantly impair their quality of life.The current treatments have certain limitations.In traditional Chi...BACKGROUND Perimenopausal women are prone to anxiety and depression due to fluctuating hormone levels,which significantly impair their quality of life.The current treatments have certain limitations.In traditional Chinese medicine,liver-soothing formulas are commonly prescribed for mood-related disorders,but their overall efficacy in perimenopausal anxiety and depression remains uncertain and requires verification through meta-analysis.AIM To provide evidence-based support for clinical decision-making and research,a meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of liver-soothing formulas in treating perimenopausal anxiety and depression.METHODS Relevant studies published up to April 2025 were retrieved from ClinicalTrials.gov,PubMed,Web of Science,EMBASE,and the Cochrane Library.Eligible studies were screened according to predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria.Data were extracted and analyzed using the Stata 12.0 software.RESULTS After searching and screening,12 articles involving 1798 patients(922 in the treatment group and 876 in the control group)were included in the analysis.Meta-analysis showed that the standardized scores for anxiety[standardized mean difference(SMD)=-0.71,95%confidence interval(95%CI):-1.06 to-0.36]and depression(SMD=-0.67,95%CI:-1.06 to-0.27)of the treatment group were lower than those of the control group.Subgroup analysis results revealed that for anxiety,liver-soothing formulas used alone(SMD=-0.34,95%CI:-0.50 to-0.18)or in combination(SMD=-0.88,95%CI:-1.43 to-0.34)both significantly reduced scores compared with the control group.For depression,monotherapy of liversoothing formulas showed no significant statistical difference between the treatment and control groups(SMD=-0.47,95%CI:-1.11 to 0.17),whereas combination therapy produced significantly lower standardized scale scores in the treatment group than in the control group,with a statistically significant difference(SMD=-0.83,95%CI:-1.39 to-0.28).Regarding Greene scores,no statistically significant difference was observed with monotherapy(SMD=0.87,95%CI:-0.32 to 2.06),whereas combination therapy had significantly lower Greene scores(SMD=-0.24,95%CI:-0.44 to-0.04).No statistically significant difference was found between the groups in the occurrence of adverse reactions(odds ratio=0.90,95%CI:0.57-1.43).However,liver-soothing formulas did not affect estrogen levels in perimenopausal women.CONCLUSION Compared with placebo,conventional Western medicine,or other interventions,the monotherapy of liver-soothing formulas demonstrates superior efficacy in treating perimenopausal anxiety.When used as an adjuvant,they exert a synergistic effect in alleviating negative emotions and improving overall perimenopausal symptoms.展开更多
A new recursive vertex-deleting formula for the computation of the chromatic polynomial of a graph is obtained in this paper. This algorithm is not only a good tool for further studying chromatic polynomials but also ...A new recursive vertex-deleting formula for the computation of the chromatic polynomial of a graph is obtained in this paper. This algorithm is not only a good tool for further studying chromatic polynomials but also the fastest among all the algorithms for the computation of chromatic polynomials.展开更多
A forward recursive formulation based on corotational frame is proposed for flexible planar beams with large displacement.The traditional recursive formulation has been successfully used for flexible mutibody dynamics...A forward recursive formulation based on corotational frame is proposed for flexible planar beams with large displacement.The traditional recursive formulation has been successfully used for flexible mutibody dynamics to improve the computational efficiency based on floating frame,in which the assumption of small strain and deflection is adopted.The proposed recursive formulation could be used for large displacement problems based on the corotational frame.It means that the recursive scheme is used not only for adjacent bodies but also for adjacent beam elements.The nodal relative rotation coordinates of the planar beam are used to obtain equations with minimal generalized coordinates in present formulation.The proposed formulation is different from absolute nodal coordinate formulation and the geometrically exact beam formulation in which the absolute coordinates are used.The recursive scheme and minimal set of dynamic equations lead to a high computational efficiency in numerical integration.Numerical examples are carried out to demonstrate the accuracy and validity of this formulation.For all of the examples,the results of the present formulation are in good agreement with results obtained using commercial software and the published results.Moreover,it is shown that the present formulation is more efficient than the formulation in ANSYS based on GEBF.展开更多
Background Meat originating from the spent hen is an important source of poultry meat production;however,multiple factors cause the decline in the meat quality of spent hens.Chinese herbs have been widely used as medi...Background Meat originating from the spent hen is an important source of poultry meat production;however,multiple factors cause the decline in the meat quality of spent hens.Chinese herbs have been widely used as medi-cine for a long time to prevent diseases and as nutrient supplements to improve the product quality.This experi-ment explored the effects of adding 1.0%Chinese herbal formula(CHF,including 0.30%Leonurus japonicus Houtt.,0.20%Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge.,0.25%Ligustrum lucidum Ait.,and 0.25%Taraxacum mongolicum Hand.-Mazz.)for 120 d to the spent hens’diet through metabolomics,network pharmacology,and microbiome strategies.Results The results indicated that CHF supplementation improved the meat quality by reducing drip loss(P<0.05),b*value(P=0.058),and shear force(P=0.099)and increasing cooked meat percentage(P=0.054)and dry matter(P<0.05)of breast muscle.The addition of CHF improved the nutritional value of breast muscle by increasing(P<0.05)the content of C18:2n-6,n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFA),total PUFA,PUFA-to-saturated fatty acids(SFA)ratio,and hypocholesterolemic-to-hypercholesterolemic ratio,and tending to increase serine content(P=0.069).The targeted metabolomics analysis revealed that the biosynthesis of SFA,linoleic acid metabolism,fatty acid degradation,fatty acid elongation,and fatty acid biosynthesis pathways were enriched by CHF supplementation.Furthermore,the network pharmacology analysis indicated that CHF was closely associated with oxidative stress and lipid metabo-lism.The CHF supplementation increased the glutathione peroxidase level(P<0.05)and upregulated gene expres-sion related to the Nrf2 pathway(including HO-1,P<0.05;Nrf2,P=0.098;CAT,P=0.060;GPX1,P=0.063;and SOD2,P=0.052)and lipid metabolism(including PPARγ,P<0.05;SREBP1,P=0.059;and CPT1A,P=0.058).Additionally,CHF supplementation increased Firmicutes and decreased Bacteroidetes,Spirochaetes,and Synergistetes abundances(P<0.05),which may contribute to better meat quality.Conclusions Our results suggest that CHF supplementation improved the quality and nutritional value of meat,which will provide a theoretical basis for the utilization of CHF as a feed additive in spent hens’diets.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect and mechanism of Yishen Tongluo formula(益肾通络方,YSTLF)in streptozotocin-induced diabetic kidney disease mice(DKD)mice.METHODS:Thirty Institute of Cancer Research mice(specific pa...OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect and mechanism of Yishen Tongluo formula(益肾通络方,YSTLF)in streptozotocin-induced diabetic kidney disease mice(DKD)mice.METHODS:Thirty Institute of Cancer Research mice(specific pathogen free,SPF grade)were divided into five groups(n=6 per group):control,DKD model,DKD model with YSTLF(4.9 g/kg),DKD model with YSTLF(9.8 g/kg),and DKD model with captopril.DKD was induced through a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin(150 mg/kg).Body weight,fasting blood glucose and urine C-peptide levels were measured to assess metabolic regulation by YSTLF.Renal function was evaluated using indicators of glomerular and tubular health.Liver function was assessed by measuring aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase levels.Renal pathological changes were examined using hematoxylin/eosin staining and transmission electron microscopy.Inflammatory and apoptosis-related factors were analyzed through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,immunohistochemistry,and Western blot analysis.RESULTS:In DKD mice,fasting blood glucose,Cpeptide,24-hour urine protein(UP)levels,and renal damage were elevated,accompanied by increased inflammation and apoptosis.YSTLF significantly reduced 24-hour UP and C-peptide levels and improved kidney and liver function in DKD mice.YSTLF also mitigated glomerular hypertrophy,basement membrane thickening,and podocyte foot process effacement.It upregulated the expression of the podocyte marker podocalyxin.Furthermore,YSTLF alleviated inflammation and apoptosis,likely by reducing the overexpression of monocyte chemoattractant protein(MCP-1),Bax,and Caspase-3 in the kidneys of DKD mice.CONCLUSIONS:These findings suggest that YSTLF ameliorates kidney injury by modulating the expression of inflammatory cytokine MCP-1 and the Bax/Caspase-3 apoptosis pathway,providing a potential therapeutic approach for DKD.展开更多
Objective The study of medicine formulas is a core component of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),yet traditional learning methods often lack interactivity and contextual understanding,making it challenging for beginn...Objective The study of medicine formulas is a core component of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),yet traditional learning methods often lack interactivity and contextual understanding,making it challenging for beginners to grasp the intricate composition rules of formulas.To address this gap,we introduce Formula-S,a situated visualization method for TCM formula learning in augmented reality(AR)and evaluate its performance.This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Formula-S in enhancing TCM formula learning for beginners by comparing it with traditional text-based formula learning and web-based visualization.Methods Formula-S is an interactive AR tool designed for TCM formula learning,featuring three modes(3D,Web,and Table).The dataset included TCM formulas and herb properties extracted from authoritative references,including textbook and the SymMap database.In Formula-S,the hierarchical visualization of the formulas as herbal medicine compositions,is linked to the multidimensional herb attribute visualization and embedded in the real world,where real herb samples are presented.To evaluate its effectiveness,a controlled study(n=30)was conducted.Participants who had no formal TCM knowledge were tasked with herbal medicine identification,formula composition,and recognition.In the study,participants interacted with the AR tool through HoloLens 2.Data were collected on both task performance(accuracy and response time)and user experience,with a focus on task efficiency,accuracy,and user preference across the different learning modes.Results The situated visualization method of Formula-S had comparable accuracy to other methods but shorter response time for herbal formula learning tasks.Regarding user experience,our new approach demonstrated the highest system usability and lowest task load,effectively reducing cognitive load and allowing users to complete tasks with greater ease and efficiency.Participants reported that Formula-S enhanced their learning experience through its intuitive interface and immersive AR environment,suggesting this approach offers usability advantages for TCM education.Conclusions The situated visualization method in Formula-S offers more efficient and accurate searching capabilities compared to traditional and web-based methods.Additionally,it provides superior contextual understanding of TCM formulas,making it a promising new solution for TCM learning.展开更多
Traditional Chinese medicine formula(TCMF)represents a fundamental component of Chinese medical practice,incorporating medical knowledge and practices from both Han Chinese and various ethnic minorities,while providin...Traditional Chinese medicine formula(TCMF)represents a fundamental component of Chinese medical practice,incorporating medical knowledge and practices from both Han Chinese and various ethnic minorities,while providing comprehensive insights into health and disease.The foundation of TCMF lies in its holistic approach,manifested through herbal compatibility theory,which has emerged from extensive clinical experience and evolved into a highly refined knowledge system.Within this framework,Chinese herbal medicines exhibit intricated characteristics,including multi-component interactions,diverse target sites,and varied biological pathways.These complexities pose significant challenges for understanding their molecular mechanisms.Contemporary advances in artificial intelligence(AI)are reshaping research in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),offering immense potential to transform our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying TCMFs.This review explores the application of AI in uncovering these mechanisms,highlighting its role in compound absorption,distribution,metabolism,and excretion(ADME)prediction,molecular target identification,compound and target synergy recognition,pharmacological mechanisms exploration,and herbal formula optimization.Furthermore,the review discusses the challenges and opportunities in AI-assisted research on TCMF molecular mechanisms,promoting the modernization and globalization of TCM.展开更多
Background:Insomnia is a prevalent clinical condition and Shangxia Liangji formula(SXLJF)is a well-established method of treatment.Nevertheless,the specific mechanism of action of SXLJF remains unclear.Methods:The mou...Background:Insomnia is a prevalent clinical condition and Shangxia Liangji formula(SXLJF)is a well-established method of treatment.Nevertheless,the specific mechanism of action of SXLJF remains unclear.Methods:The mouse model of insomnia was established by intraperitoneal injection of para-chlorophenylalanine.Forty-two mice were randomly divided into a negative control group,model group,SXLJF group(18.72 g/kg/day),and positive control group(diazepam,2 mg/kg)and treated with the corresponding drugs for 7 consecutive days.The open field test and pentobarbital-induced sleeping test were conducted.LC-MS-based untargeted metabolomics and network pharmacology were applied to explore the potential targets of SXLJF for treating insomnia.Finally,key targets were validated using RT-qPCR.Results:Behavioral tests demonstrated that SXLJF reduced the total distance,average velocity,central distance,and sleep latency,and prolonged sleep duration.Metabolomics and network pharmacology revealed potential targets,signaling pathways,metabolic pathways,and metabolites associated with the anti-insomnia effects of SXLJF.Specifically,tyrosine hydroxylase(TH)and tyrosine metabolism emerged as crucial metabolic pathways and targets,respectively.RT-qPCR results supported the role of TH in the mechanism of SXLJF in treating insomnia.Conclusion:In conclusion,TH and tyrosine metabolism may represent significant targets and pathways for SXLJF in treating insomnia.展开更多
This article reviews the study,“Fanlian huazhuo formula alleviates high-fat-dietinduced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by modulating autophagy and lipid synthesis signaling pathway”published in the World Journal o...This article reviews the study,“Fanlian huazhuo formula alleviates high-fat-dietinduced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by modulating autophagy and lipid synthesis signaling pathway”published in the World Journal of Gastroenterology.The study explores the therapeutic potential of Fanlian Huazhuo formula(FLHZF)in treating metabolic-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD),demonstrating that FLHZF reduces lipid accumulation,oxidative stress,and liver injury in MASLD models by modulating key signaling pathways involved in lipid metabolism and autophagy.This editorial emphasizes the potential of FLHZF as a treatment for MASLD and calls for further research to verify its clinical efficacy.展开更多
OBJECTIVE To explore the mechanism of action of Qihuang Zhuyu formula(QHZYF)in improving depression after myocardial infarction(MI),with a focus on revealing its regulatory effect on the inflammatory response of the h...OBJECTIVE To explore the mechanism of action of Qihuang Zhuyu formula(QHZYF)in improving depression after myocardial infarction(MI),with a focus on revealing its regulatory effect on the inflammatory response of the heart and brain.METHODS The active ingredients of QHZYF and the action targets for intervening in depression after MI were analyzed by using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry(UPLC-Q-TOF/MS)combined with network pharmacology and molecular docking.A rat model of depression after MI was established by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery combined with chronic restraint stress.Echocardiography was used to evaluate cardiac function,hematoxylin-eosin(HE)and Masson staining were used to evaluate myocardial injury,behavioral tests were used to detect melancholic behaviors,Nissl staining was used to evaluate hippocampal neuron injury.Western blot detection of tumor necrosis factor receptor 2(TNFR2),phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase(PI3K),phosphorylated seronine protein kinase(p-AKT),seronine protein kinase(AKT),tumor necrosis factor receptor 1(TNFR1),phosphorylated nuclear factorκB(p-NF-κB),and nuclear factorκB(NF-κB)in cardiac and hippocampal tissues was conducted.The levels of serum IL-6 and IL-10 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),and the expression of TNFR1 and TNFR2 was detected by immunohistochemical technique(IHC).In vitro experiments,co-culture of rat cardiomyocyte line H9C2 cells and rat adrenal pheochromocytoma cell line with high differentiation PC12 cells was conducted,TNFR1 inhibitor(H398)and TNFR2 agonist(C-6His)were administered for intervention,and the expression of TNFR2,PI3K,p-AKT,AKT,TNFR1,NF-κB,p-NF-κB was detected by Western blot.Observe the apoptosis of cells by TUNEL staining,ELISA was used to detect the levels of IL-6 and IL-10 in the cell supernatant.RESULTS Network pharmacological analysis indicates that the TNF signaling pathway was a key target for the treatment of depression after MI with the QHZYF.In vivo experiments have confirmed that the intervention of QHZYF could significantly improve the cardiac function,myocardial tissue and hippocampal neuron structure damage of depressed rats after MI,and improve their depression-like behaviors.At the molecular level,the high-dose group of QHZYF significantly upregulated TNFR2,p-AKT/AKT,and IL-10 in cardiac and hippocampal tissues(P<0.01),and downregulated TNFR1,p-NF-κB/NF-κB and IL-6(P<0.01).In vitro experiments showed that the drug-containing serum of QHZYF significantly upregulated the expression of TNFR2,p-AKT/AKT and IL-10 in H9C2 and PC12 cells(P<0.01),downregulated the expression of TNFR1,p-NF-κB/NF-κB and IL-6(P<0.01),and significantly inhibited cell apoptosis(P<0.01).Furthermore,experiments on the combined application of H398 or C-6His further confirmed that its protective and anti-inflammatory effects were mediated by regulating the TNFR2/PI3K/AKT and TNFR1/NF-κB pathways.CONCLUSION QHZYF improves the homeostasis of heart and brain inflammation by regulating the TNF pathway,and ameliorates myocardial injury and depressive state in depressed rats after MI.展开更多
As cataract surgery progresses from “restoration of sight” to “refractive correction”, precise prediction of intraocular lens (IOL) power is critical for enhancing postoperative visual quality in patients. IOL pow...As cataract surgery progresses from “restoration of sight” to “refractive correction”, precise prediction of intraocular lens (IOL) power is critical for enhancing postoperative visual quality in patients. IOL power calculation methods have evolved and innovated throughout time, from early theoretical and regression formulas to nonlinear formulas for estimating effective lens position (ELP), multivariable formulas, and innovative formulas that use optical principles and AI-based online formulas. This paper thoroughly discusses the development and iteration of traditional IOL calculation formulas, the emergence of new IOL calculation formulas, and the selection of IOL calculation formulas for different patients in the era of refractive cataract surgery, serving as a reference for “personalized” IOL implantation in clinical practice.展开更多
Let Gq(R_(n))be the Grassmannian of all linear q dimensional subspaces of R_(n)and I an integral invariant of p+q−n dimensional submanifolds of R_(n).Then we give methods of evaluating Crofton type integral∫G_(q)(R^(...Let Gq(R_(n))be the Grassmannian of all linear q dimensional subspaces of R_(n)and I an integral invariant of p+q−n dimensional submanifolds of R_(n).Then we give methods of evaluating Crofton type integral∫G_(q)(R^(n))I(M∩L)dL The methods also work for various generalizations of Gq(R_(n))such as complex Grassmannians.展开更多
Background:The Shenlian formula demonstrates therapeutic bmodelenefits for diabetic kidney disease(DKD).Yet,its effectiveness in mitigating renal interstitial fibrosis(RIF)and the pharmacological underpinnings remain ...Background:The Shenlian formula demonstrates therapeutic bmodelenefits for diabetic kidney disease(DKD).Yet,its effectiveness in mitigating renal interstitial fibrosis(RIF)and the pharmacological underpinnings remain to be elucidated.This investigation seeks to delineate some of the formula’s potential mechanisms via experimental validation.Methods:The study initiated by inducing a DKD in rats through unilateral nephrectomy combined with streptozotocin(STZ)administration and an advanced glycation end products-bovine serum albumin(AGE-BSA)induced DKD model in HK-2 cells to assess the Shenlian formula’s renal protective effects.Renal tissues underwent pathological and immunohistochemical staining to evaluate improvements in RIF.Mechanistic insights were further obtained through techniques such as Western Blot,immunofluorescence,co-immunoprecipitation,enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),and protein docking analyses.Results:Shenlian formula could enhance renal function,alleviate tubular damage,suppress epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT),reduce extracellular matrix(ECM)deposition,and thus decelerate RIF progression.It notably decreased the expression of markers associated with pyroptosis(NOD-,LRR-and pyrin domain-containing protein 3(NLRP3),apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD(ASC),caspase1,cleaved-caspase1,gasdermin D(GSDMD),GSDMD-N,interleukin-18(IL-18),interleukin-1 beta(IL-1β)),effectively inhibiting renal cell pyroptosis.Moreover,the formula facilitated autophagy substrate(sequestosome 1(p62))degradation,efficiently restoring the autophagy pathway.It also modulated autophagy,impacting cell pyroptosis regulation.Conclusion:The Shenlian formula potentially inhibits cellular pyroptosis by modulating the autophagy pathway,thereby diminishing inflammation-induced renal injury and fibrosis.This finding suggests a novel therapeutic approach for managing DKD-induced fibrosis.展开更多
This paper reviews the related formulas of Sugemule,introduces the advances in research of clinical application of these formulas in treating Heyi type insomnia,cardiac diseases,and renal diseases.Besides,it summarize...This paper reviews the related formulas of Sugemule,introduces the advances in research of clinical application of these formulas in treating Heyi type insomnia,cardiac diseases,and renal diseases.Besides,it summarizes pharmacological research advances regarding these formulas,including their anti-insomnia effects,cardioprotective properties,and ovarian function preservation capabilities.This study is expected to provide a reference and insight for in-depth and systematic research on classical Mongolian medicinal formulas.展开更多
Software defect prediction aims to use measurement data of code and historical defects to predict potential problems,optimize testing resources and defect management.However,current methods face challenges:(1)Coarse-g...Software defect prediction aims to use measurement data of code and historical defects to predict potential problems,optimize testing resources and defect management.However,current methods face challenges:(1)Coarse-grained file level detection cannot accurately locate specific defects.(2)Fine-grained line-level defect prediction methods rely solely on local information of a single line of code,failing to deeply analyze the semantic context of the code line and ignoring the heuristic impact of line-level context on the code line,making it difficult to capture the interaction between global and local information.Therefore,this paper proposes a telecontext-enhanced recursive interactive attention fusion method for line-level defect prediction(TRIA-LineDP).Firstly,using a bidirectional hierarchical attention network to extract semantic features and contextual information from the original code lines as the basis.Then,the extracted contextual information is forwarded to the telecontext capture module to aggregate the global context,thereby enhancing the understanding of broader code dynamics.Finally,a recursive interaction model is used to simulate the interaction between code lines and line-level context,passing information layer by layer to enhance local and global information exchange,thereby achieving accurate defect localization.Experimental results from within-project defect prediction(WPDP)and cross-project defect prediction(CPDP)conducted on nine different projects(encompassing a total of 32 versions)demonstrated that,within the same project,the proposed methods will respectively recall at top 20%of lines of code(Recall@Top20%LOC)and effort at top 20%recall(Effort@Top20%Recall)has increased by 11%–52%and 23%–77%.In different projects,improvements of 9%–60%and 18%–77%have been achieved,which are superior to existing advanced methods and have good detection performance.展开更多
We apply methods of algebraic integral geometry to prove a special case of the Gaussian kinematic formula of Adler-Taylor.The idea,suggested already by Adler and Taylor,is to view the GKF as the limit of spherical kin...We apply methods of algebraic integral geometry to prove a special case of the Gaussian kinematic formula of Adler-Taylor.The idea,suggested already by Adler and Taylor,is to view the GKF as the limit of spherical kinematic formulas for spheres of large dimension N and curvature1/N.展开更多
Aeromagnetic compensation is one of the key issues in high-precision geomagnetic fl ight carrier navigation, directly determining the accuracy and reliability of real-time magnetic measurement data. The accurate model...Aeromagnetic compensation is one of the key issues in high-precision geomagnetic fl ight carrier navigation, directly determining the accuracy and reliability of real-time magnetic measurement data. The accurate modeling and compensation of interference magnetic measurements on carriers are of great signifi cance for the construction of reference and real-time maps for geomagnetic navigation. Current research on aeromagnetic compensation algorithms mainly focuses on accurately modeling interference magnetic fields from model- and data-driven perspectives based on measured aeromagnetic data. Challenges in obtaining aeromagnetic data and low information complexity adversely aff ect the generalization performance of a constructed model. To address these issues, a recursive least square algorithm based on elastic weight consolidation is proposed, which eff ectively suppresses the occurrence of catastrophic forgetting by controlling the direction of parameter updates. Experimental verifi cation with publicly available aeromagnetic datasets shows that the proposed algorithm can eff ectively circumvent historical information loss caused by interference magnetic field models during parameter updates and improve the stability, robustness, and accuracy of interference magnetic fi eld models.展开更多
Cronobacter spp.has strong resistance to desiccation and high permeability in Enterobacteriaceae,and powdered infant formula(PIF)is one of the main contamination routes.In recent years,the contamination of Cronobacter...Cronobacter spp.has strong resistance to desiccation and high permeability in Enterobacteriaceae,and powdered infant formula(PIF)is one of the main contamination routes.In recent years,the contamination of Cronobacter spp.in PIF incidents occurs from time to time,causing infant serious diseases or death.In this investigation,matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry was used to identify the phenotypes of 35 Cronobacter strains isolated from PIF and its processing environment.Subsequently,the isolates were evaluated for drying and osmotic pressure tolerance.The results showed that the deactivation rate of the strains ranged from 9.01%to 77.57%,and the highest osmotic pressure condition the strains could tolerate was 6 g/100 mL Na Cl.In addition,there was a positive correlation between biofilm formation ability and desiccation resistance.Combined with transcriptomics,Cronobacter spp.could activate biofilm synthesis,produce more trehalose,accumulate betaine and electrolytes to stabilize intracellular structure under the two treatment conditions.A total of 31 and 43 genes were found related to desiccation and permeability resistance,respectively.And some genes(cysM,thuF,ycjO,etc.)were found to be associated with two tolerances for the first time.展开更多
For nonlinear state estimation driven by non-Gaussian noise,the estimator is required to be updated iteratively.Since the iterative update approximates a linear process,it fails to capture the nonlinearity of observat...For nonlinear state estimation driven by non-Gaussian noise,the estimator is required to be updated iteratively.Since the iterative update approximates a linear process,it fails to capture the nonlinearity of observation models,and this further degrades filtering accuracy and consistency.Given the flaws of nonlinear iteration,this work incorporates a recursive strategy into generalized M-estimation rather than the iterative strategy.The proposed algorithm extends nonlinear recursion to nonlinear systems using the statistical linear regression method.The recursion allows for the gradual release of observation information and consequently enables the update to proceed along the nonlinear direction.Considering the correlated state and observation noise induced by recursions,a separately reweighting strategy is adopted to build a robust nonlinear system.Analogous to the nonlinear recursion,a robust nonlinear recursive update strategy is proposed,where the associated covariances and the observation noise statistics are updated recursively to ensure the consistency of observation noise statistics,thereby completing the nonlinear solution of the robust system.Compared with the iterative update strategies under non-Gaussian observation noise,the recursive update strategy can facilitate the estimator to achieve higher filtering accuracy,stronger robustness,and better consistency.Therefore,the proposed strategy is more suitable for the robust nonlinear filtering framework.展开更多
OBJECTIVES:To systematically review the efficacy and safety of Jianpi formulas(健脾剂)in reducing the recurrence of colorectal adenoma(CRA)after polypectomy.METHODS:Randomized controlled trials(RCTs)investigating Jian...OBJECTIVES:To systematically review the efficacy and safety of Jianpi formulas(健脾剂)in reducing the recurrence of colorectal adenoma(CRA)after polypectomy.METHODS:Randomized controlled trials(RCTs)investigating Jianpi formulas for CRA post-polypectomy were systematically retrieved from eight electronic databases.The quality of the methodology was assessed using the Cochrane collaboration tool.The Grades of Recommendations Assessment Development and Evaluation(GRADE)approach was employed for evidence assessment.Statistical analyses were conducted using Statistics and Data Analysis(STATA)17(StataCorp(College Station,TX,USA)and Review Manager(RevMan)5.4(The Cochrane Collaboration(London,UK).RESULTS:The Meta-analysis,encompassing 18 RCTs with 1838 patients,revealed that Jianpi formulas significantly outperformed postoperative routine treatment.It demonstrated a reduction in the half-year recurrence rate[relative risk(RR)=0.41,95%confidence interval(CI)=0.33-0.49,Z=9.08,P<0.00001],the oneyear recurrence rate[RR=0.58,95%CI=0.49-0.69,Z=6.12,P<0.00001],and an enhancement in the clinical effective rate[RR=1.27,95%CI=1.19-1.36,Z=7.06,P<0.00001].The half-year recurrence rate and the clinical effective rate were medium-quality evidence.The one-year recurrence rate was low-quality evidence.Additionally,Jianpi formulas appear to be safe and do not increase adverse reactions compared to postoperative routine treatment alone.CONCLUSION:Jianpi formulas exhibit efficacy in reducing postoperative half-year and one-year recurrence rates while improving the clinical effective rate after polypectomy for CRA.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND Perimenopausal women are prone to anxiety and depression due to fluctuating hormone levels,which significantly impair their quality of life.The current treatments have certain limitations.In traditional Chinese medicine,liver-soothing formulas are commonly prescribed for mood-related disorders,but their overall efficacy in perimenopausal anxiety and depression remains uncertain and requires verification through meta-analysis.AIM To provide evidence-based support for clinical decision-making and research,a meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of liver-soothing formulas in treating perimenopausal anxiety and depression.METHODS Relevant studies published up to April 2025 were retrieved from ClinicalTrials.gov,PubMed,Web of Science,EMBASE,and the Cochrane Library.Eligible studies were screened according to predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria.Data were extracted and analyzed using the Stata 12.0 software.RESULTS After searching and screening,12 articles involving 1798 patients(922 in the treatment group and 876 in the control group)were included in the analysis.Meta-analysis showed that the standardized scores for anxiety[standardized mean difference(SMD)=-0.71,95%confidence interval(95%CI):-1.06 to-0.36]and depression(SMD=-0.67,95%CI:-1.06 to-0.27)of the treatment group were lower than those of the control group.Subgroup analysis results revealed that for anxiety,liver-soothing formulas used alone(SMD=-0.34,95%CI:-0.50 to-0.18)or in combination(SMD=-0.88,95%CI:-1.43 to-0.34)both significantly reduced scores compared with the control group.For depression,monotherapy of liversoothing formulas showed no significant statistical difference between the treatment and control groups(SMD=-0.47,95%CI:-1.11 to 0.17),whereas combination therapy produced significantly lower standardized scale scores in the treatment group than in the control group,with a statistically significant difference(SMD=-0.83,95%CI:-1.39 to-0.28).Regarding Greene scores,no statistically significant difference was observed with monotherapy(SMD=0.87,95%CI:-0.32 to 2.06),whereas combination therapy had significantly lower Greene scores(SMD=-0.24,95%CI:-0.44 to-0.04).No statistically significant difference was found between the groups in the occurrence of adverse reactions(odds ratio=0.90,95%CI:0.57-1.43).However,liver-soothing formulas did not affect estrogen levels in perimenopausal women.CONCLUSION Compared with placebo,conventional Western medicine,or other interventions,the monotherapy of liver-soothing formulas demonstrates superior efficacy in treating perimenopausal anxiety.When used as an adjuvant,they exert a synergistic effect in alleviating negative emotions and improving overall perimenopausal symptoms.
基金This research is partially supported by NNSF of China.
文摘A new recursive vertex-deleting formula for the computation of the chromatic polynomial of a graph is obtained in this paper. This algorithm is not only a good tool for further studying chromatic polynomials but also the fastest among all the algorithms for the computation of chromatic polynomials.
基金Projects(11772188,11132007,11202126)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(11ZR1417000)supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai,China
文摘A forward recursive formulation based on corotational frame is proposed for flexible planar beams with large displacement.The traditional recursive formulation has been successfully used for flexible mutibody dynamics to improve the computational efficiency based on floating frame,in which the assumption of small strain and deflection is adopted.The proposed recursive formulation could be used for large displacement problems based on the corotational frame.It means that the recursive scheme is used not only for adjacent bodies but also for adjacent beam elements.The nodal relative rotation coordinates of the planar beam are used to obtain equations with minimal generalized coordinates in present formulation.The proposed formulation is different from absolute nodal coordinate formulation and the geometrically exact beam formulation in which the absolute coordinates are used.The recursive scheme and minimal set of dynamic equations lead to a high computational efficiency in numerical integration.Numerical examples are carried out to demonstrate the accuracy and validity of this formulation.For all of the examples,the results of the present formulation are in good agreement with results obtained using commercial software and the published results.Moreover,it is shown that the present formulation is more efficient than the formulation in ANSYS based on GEBF.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Project(2022YFC3400700)the City-School Cooperation Project of the Fuyang Science and Technology Special Fund undertaken by Fuyang Normal University(SXHZ2020007)+1 种基金the Basic Research Program of Shenzhen Municipal Government(JCYJ20200109114242138)the Special Commissioner for Rural Science and Technology of Guangdong Province(KTP20210345).
文摘Background Meat originating from the spent hen is an important source of poultry meat production;however,multiple factors cause the decline in the meat quality of spent hens.Chinese herbs have been widely used as medi-cine for a long time to prevent diseases and as nutrient supplements to improve the product quality.This experi-ment explored the effects of adding 1.0%Chinese herbal formula(CHF,including 0.30%Leonurus japonicus Houtt.,0.20%Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge.,0.25%Ligustrum lucidum Ait.,and 0.25%Taraxacum mongolicum Hand.-Mazz.)for 120 d to the spent hens’diet through metabolomics,network pharmacology,and microbiome strategies.Results The results indicated that CHF supplementation improved the meat quality by reducing drip loss(P<0.05),b*value(P=0.058),and shear force(P=0.099)and increasing cooked meat percentage(P=0.054)and dry matter(P<0.05)of breast muscle.The addition of CHF improved the nutritional value of breast muscle by increasing(P<0.05)the content of C18:2n-6,n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFA),total PUFA,PUFA-to-saturated fatty acids(SFA)ratio,and hypocholesterolemic-to-hypercholesterolemic ratio,and tending to increase serine content(P=0.069).The targeted metabolomics analysis revealed that the biosynthesis of SFA,linoleic acid metabolism,fatty acid degradation,fatty acid elongation,and fatty acid biosynthesis pathways were enriched by CHF supplementation.Furthermore,the network pharmacology analysis indicated that CHF was closely associated with oxidative stress and lipid metabo-lism.The CHF supplementation increased the glutathione peroxidase level(P<0.05)and upregulated gene expres-sion related to the Nrf2 pathway(including HO-1,P<0.05;Nrf2,P=0.098;CAT,P=0.060;GPX1,P=0.063;and SOD2,P=0.052)and lipid metabolism(including PPARγ,P<0.05;SREBP1,P=0.059;and CPT1A,P=0.058).Additionally,CHF supplementation increased Firmicutes and decreased Bacteroidetes,Spirochaetes,and Synergistetes abundances(P<0.05),which may contribute to better meat quality.Conclusions Our results suggest that CHF supplementation improved the quality and nutritional value of meat,which will provide a theoretical basis for the utilization of CHF as a feed additive in spent hens’diets.
基金National Key Research and Development Plan:Evidence-Based Evaluation and Therapeutic Mechanism Cooperation Study of Yishen Tongluo Formula for Preventing Diabetes Kidney Disease(Phase 3)(No.2020YFE0201800)Key Science and Technology Projects of Henan Province:Research on Innovative Drug Cooperation of Traditional Chinese Medicine Yishen Tongluo Concentrated Pills(益肾通络浓缩丸)(No.221111520300)+1 种基金Key scientific and technological projects of Henan province:Study on the Pharmacodynamic Mechanism of Yishen Tongluo Formula in Treatment of Diabetes Kidney Disease based on the Interaction Regulation of Protein Phosphorylation and Acylation Modification(No.212102310347)to WU SuhuiNational Natural Science Foundation of China:the Mechanism of Yishen Tongluo Formula Intervention in Diabetic Kidney Disease based on(Yin-Yang-1/Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 Mediated Endothelial Podocyte Interaction Response(No.82474495)to XU Jiangyan。
文摘OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect and mechanism of Yishen Tongluo formula(益肾通络方,YSTLF)in streptozotocin-induced diabetic kidney disease mice(DKD)mice.METHODS:Thirty Institute of Cancer Research mice(specific pathogen free,SPF grade)were divided into five groups(n=6 per group):control,DKD model,DKD model with YSTLF(4.9 g/kg),DKD model with YSTLF(9.8 g/kg),and DKD model with captopril.DKD was induced through a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin(150 mg/kg).Body weight,fasting blood glucose and urine C-peptide levels were measured to assess metabolic regulation by YSTLF.Renal function was evaluated using indicators of glomerular and tubular health.Liver function was assessed by measuring aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase levels.Renal pathological changes were examined using hematoxylin/eosin staining and transmission electron microscopy.Inflammatory and apoptosis-related factors were analyzed through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,immunohistochemistry,and Western blot analysis.RESULTS:In DKD mice,fasting blood glucose,Cpeptide,24-hour urine protein(UP)levels,and renal damage were elevated,accompanied by increased inflammation and apoptosis.YSTLF significantly reduced 24-hour UP and C-peptide levels and improved kidney and liver function in DKD mice.YSTLF also mitigated glomerular hypertrophy,basement membrane thickening,and podocyte foot process effacement.It upregulated the expression of the podocyte marker podocalyxin.Furthermore,YSTLF alleviated inflammation and apoptosis,likely by reducing the overexpression of monocyte chemoattractant protein(MCP-1),Bax,and Caspase-3 in the kidneys of DKD mice.CONCLUSIONS:These findings suggest that YSTLF ameliorates kidney injury by modulating the expression of inflammatory cytokine MCP-1 and the Bax/Caspase-3 apoptosis pathway,providing a potential therapeutic approach for DKD.
文摘Objective The study of medicine formulas is a core component of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),yet traditional learning methods often lack interactivity and contextual understanding,making it challenging for beginners to grasp the intricate composition rules of formulas.To address this gap,we introduce Formula-S,a situated visualization method for TCM formula learning in augmented reality(AR)and evaluate its performance.This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Formula-S in enhancing TCM formula learning for beginners by comparing it with traditional text-based formula learning and web-based visualization.Methods Formula-S is an interactive AR tool designed for TCM formula learning,featuring three modes(3D,Web,and Table).The dataset included TCM formulas and herb properties extracted from authoritative references,including textbook and the SymMap database.In Formula-S,the hierarchical visualization of the formulas as herbal medicine compositions,is linked to the multidimensional herb attribute visualization and embedded in the real world,where real herb samples are presented.To evaluate its effectiveness,a controlled study(n=30)was conducted.Participants who had no formal TCM knowledge were tasked with herbal medicine identification,formula composition,and recognition.In the study,participants interacted with the AR tool through HoloLens 2.Data were collected on both task performance(accuracy and response time)and user experience,with a focus on task efficiency,accuracy,and user preference across the different learning modes.Results The situated visualization method of Formula-S had comparable accuracy to other methods but shorter response time for herbal formula learning tasks.Regarding user experience,our new approach demonstrated the highest system usability and lowest task load,effectively reducing cognitive load and allowing users to complete tasks with greater ease and efficiency.Participants reported that Formula-S enhanced their learning experience through its intuitive interface and immersive AR environment,suggesting this approach offers usability advantages for TCM education.Conclusions The situated visualization method in Formula-S offers more efficient and accurate searching capabilities compared to traditional and web-based methods.Additionally,it provides superior contextual understanding of TCM formulas,making it a promising new solution for TCM learning.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFC3502005)the three-year Action Plan for Shanghai TCM Development and Inheritance Program[No.ZY(2021-2023)-0401]the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82104521)。
文摘Traditional Chinese medicine formula(TCMF)represents a fundamental component of Chinese medical practice,incorporating medical knowledge and practices from both Han Chinese and various ethnic minorities,while providing comprehensive insights into health and disease.The foundation of TCMF lies in its holistic approach,manifested through herbal compatibility theory,which has emerged from extensive clinical experience and evolved into a highly refined knowledge system.Within this framework,Chinese herbal medicines exhibit intricated characteristics,including multi-component interactions,diverse target sites,and varied biological pathways.These complexities pose significant challenges for understanding their molecular mechanisms.Contemporary advances in artificial intelligence(AI)are reshaping research in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),offering immense potential to transform our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying TCMFs.This review explores the application of AI in uncovering these mechanisms,highlighting its role in compound absorption,distribution,metabolism,and excretion(ADME)prediction,molecular target identification,compound and target synergy recognition,pharmacological mechanisms exploration,and herbal formula optimization.Furthermore,the review discusses the challenges and opportunities in AI-assisted research on TCMF molecular mechanisms,promoting the modernization and globalization of TCM.
基金Science Foundation of Hunan Province(2021JJ40510)General Guidance Project of Hunan Health Commission(202203074169)+1 种基金Clinical Medical Technology Innovation Guidance Project of Hunan Province(2021SK51901)and Key Guiding Projects of Hunan Health Commission(20201918)for supporting this study.
文摘Background:Insomnia is a prevalent clinical condition and Shangxia Liangji formula(SXLJF)is a well-established method of treatment.Nevertheless,the specific mechanism of action of SXLJF remains unclear.Methods:The mouse model of insomnia was established by intraperitoneal injection of para-chlorophenylalanine.Forty-two mice were randomly divided into a negative control group,model group,SXLJF group(18.72 g/kg/day),and positive control group(diazepam,2 mg/kg)and treated with the corresponding drugs for 7 consecutive days.The open field test and pentobarbital-induced sleeping test were conducted.LC-MS-based untargeted metabolomics and network pharmacology were applied to explore the potential targets of SXLJF for treating insomnia.Finally,key targets were validated using RT-qPCR.Results:Behavioral tests demonstrated that SXLJF reduced the total distance,average velocity,central distance,and sleep latency,and prolonged sleep duration.Metabolomics and network pharmacology revealed potential targets,signaling pathways,metabolic pathways,and metabolites associated with the anti-insomnia effects of SXLJF.Specifically,tyrosine hydroxylase(TH)and tyrosine metabolism emerged as crucial metabolic pathways and targets,respectively.RT-qPCR results supported the role of TH in the mechanism of SXLJF in treating insomnia.Conclusion:In conclusion,TH and tyrosine metabolism may represent significant targets and pathways for SXLJF in treating insomnia.
文摘This article reviews the study,“Fanlian huazhuo formula alleviates high-fat-dietinduced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by modulating autophagy and lipid synthesis signaling pathway”published in the World Journal of Gastroenterology.The study explores the therapeutic potential of Fanlian Huazhuo formula(FLHZF)in treating metabolic-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD),demonstrating that FLHZF reduces lipid accumulation,oxidative stress,and liver injury in MASLD models by modulating key signaling pathways involved in lipid metabolism and autophagy.This editorial emphasizes the potential of FLHZF as a treatment for MASLD and calls for further research to verify its clinical efficacy.
文摘OBJECTIVE To explore the mechanism of action of Qihuang Zhuyu formula(QHZYF)in improving depression after myocardial infarction(MI),with a focus on revealing its regulatory effect on the inflammatory response of the heart and brain.METHODS The active ingredients of QHZYF and the action targets for intervening in depression after MI were analyzed by using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry(UPLC-Q-TOF/MS)combined with network pharmacology and molecular docking.A rat model of depression after MI was established by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery combined with chronic restraint stress.Echocardiography was used to evaluate cardiac function,hematoxylin-eosin(HE)and Masson staining were used to evaluate myocardial injury,behavioral tests were used to detect melancholic behaviors,Nissl staining was used to evaluate hippocampal neuron injury.Western blot detection of tumor necrosis factor receptor 2(TNFR2),phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase(PI3K),phosphorylated seronine protein kinase(p-AKT),seronine protein kinase(AKT),tumor necrosis factor receptor 1(TNFR1),phosphorylated nuclear factorκB(p-NF-κB),and nuclear factorκB(NF-κB)in cardiac and hippocampal tissues was conducted.The levels of serum IL-6 and IL-10 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),and the expression of TNFR1 and TNFR2 was detected by immunohistochemical technique(IHC).In vitro experiments,co-culture of rat cardiomyocyte line H9C2 cells and rat adrenal pheochromocytoma cell line with high differentiation PC12 cells was conducted,TNFR1 inhibitor(H398)and TNFR2 agonist(C-6His)were administered for intervention,and the expression of TNFR2,PI3K,p-AKT,AKT,TNFR1,NF-κB,p-NF-κB was detected by Western blot.Observe the apoptosis of cells by TUNEL staining,ELISA was used to detect the levels of IL-6 and IL-10 in the cell supernatant.RESULTS Network pharmacological analysis indicates that the TNF signaling pathway was a key target for the treatment of depression after MI with the QHZYF.In vivo experiments have confirmed that the intervention of QHZYF could significantly improve the cardiac function,myocardial tissue and hippocampal neuron structure damage of depressed rats after MI,and improve their depression-like behaviors.At the molecular level,the high-dose group of QHZYF significantly upregulated TNFR2,p-AKT/AKT,and IL-10 in cardiac and hippocampal tissues(P<0.01),and downregulated TNFR1,p-NF-κB/NF-κB and IL-6(P<0.01).In vitro experiments showed that the drug-containing serum of QHZYF significantly upregulated the expression of TNFR2,p-AKT/AKT and IL-10 in H9C2 and PC12 cells(P<0.01),downregulated the expression of TNFR1,p-NF-κB/NF-κB and IL-6(P<0.01),and significantly inhibited cell apoptosis(P<0.01).Furthermore,experiments on the combined application of H398 or C-6His further confirmed that its protective and anti-inflammatory effects were mediated by regulating the TNFR2/PI3K/AKT and TNFR1/NF-κB pathways.CONCLUSION QHZYF improves the homeostasis of heart and brain inflammation by regulating the TNF pathway,and ameliorates myocardial injury and depressive state in depressed rats after MI.
文摘As cataract surgery progresses from “restoration of sight” to “refractive correction”, precise prediction of intraocular lens (IOL) power is critical for enhancing postoperative visual quality in patients. IOL power calculation methods have evolved and innovated throughout time, from early theoretical and regression formulas to nonlinear formulas for estimating effective lens position (ELP), multivariable formulas, and innovative formulas that use optical principles and AI-based online formulas. This paper thoroughly discusses the development and iteration of traditional IOL calculation formulas, the emergence of new IOL calculation formulas, and the selection of IOL calculation formulas for different patients in the era of refractive cataract surgery, serving as a reference for “personalized” IOL implantation in clinical practice.
文摘Let Gq(R_(n))be the Grassmannian of all linear q dimensional subspaces of R_(n)and I an integral invariant of p+q−n dimensional submanifolds of R_(n).Then we give methods of evaluating Crofton type integral∫G_(q)(R^(n))I(M∩L)dL The methods also work for various generalizations of Gq(R_(n))such as complex Grassmannians.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.82374382,82074361,82274293)school-level major project of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine(2023-JYB-JBZD-037)+1 种基金hospital-level project of Dongzhimen Hospital,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine(DZMG-XZYY-23002)Chinese Society of Traditional Chinese Medicine Practical Project(ZSL-003-02)。
文摘Background:The Shenlian formula demonstrates therapeutic bmodelenefits for diabetic kidney disease(DKD).Yet,its effectiveness in mitigating renal interstitial fibrosis(RIF)and the pharmacological underpinnings remain to be elucidated.This investigation seeks to delineate some of the formula’s potential mechanisms via experimental validation.Methods:The study initiated by inducing a DKD in rats through unilateral nephrectomy combined with streptozotocin(STZ)administration and an advanced glycation end products-bovine serum albumin(AGE-BSA)induced DKD model in HK-2 cells to assess the Shenlian formula’s renal protective effects.Renal tissues underwent pathological and immunohistochemical staining to evaluate improvements in RIF.Mechanistic insights were further obtained through techniques such as Western Blot,immunofluorescence,co-immunoprecipitation,enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),and protein docking analyses.Results:Shenlian formula could enhance renal function,alleviate tubular damage,suppress epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT),reduce extracellular matrix(ECM)deposition,and thus decelerate RIF progression.It notably decreased the expression of markers associated with pyroptosis(NOD-,LRR-and pyrin domain-containing protein 3(NLRP3),apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD(ASC),caspase1,cleaved-caspase1,gasdermin D(GSDMD),GSDMD-N,interleukin-18(IL-18),interleukin-1 beta(IL-1β)),effectively inhibiting renal cell pyroptosis.Moreover,the formula facilitated autophagy substrate(sequestosome 1(p62))degradation,efficiently restoring the autophagy pathway.It also modulated autophagy,impacting cell pyroptosis regulation.Conclusion:The Shenlian formula potentially inhibits cellular pyroptosis by modulating the autophagy pathway,thereby diminishing inflammation-induced renal injury and fibrosis.This finding suggests a novel therapeutic approach for managing DKD-induced fibrosis.
基金Supported by Laboratory Open Fund Project of Inner Mongolia Medical University in 2024(2024ZN20)Key Laboratory of Mongolian Medicine Open Fund Project of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(GX20240003)+2 种基金Inner Mongolia Medicine Collaborative Innovation Center Achievement Transformation and Cultivation Project(MYYXTPY202402)Project of Construction of Key Laboratory of Mongolian Medicine in Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(RZ2400000451)Project of Construction of Key Laboratory of Mongolian Medicine Research Platform in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(DC2400000724).
文摘This paper reviews the related formulas of Sugemule,introduces the advances in research of clinical application of these formulas in treating Heyi type insomnia,cardiac diseases,and renal diseases.Besides,it summarizes pharmacological research advances regarding these formulas,including their anti-insomnia effects,cardioprotective properties,and ovarian function preservation capabilities.This study is expected to provide a reference and insight for in-depth and systematic research on classical Mongolian medicinal formulas.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(no.62376240).
文摘Software defect prediction aims to use measurement data of code and historical defects to predict potential problems,optimize testing resources and defect management.However,current methods face challenges:(1)Coarse-grained file level detection cannot accurately locate specific defects.(2)Fine-grained line-level defect prediction methods rely solely on local information of a single line of code,failing to deeply analyze the semantic context of the code line and ignoring the heuristic impact of line-level context on the code line,making it difficult to capture the interaction between global and local information.Therefore,this paper proposes a telecontext-enhanced recursive interactive attention fusion method for line-level defect prediction(TRIA-LineDP).Firstly,using a bidirectional hierarchical attention network to extract semantic features and contextual information from the original code lines as the basis.Then,the extracted contextual information is forwarded to the telecontext capture module to aggregate the global context,thereby enhancing the understanding of broader code dynamics.Finally,a recursive interaction model is used to simulate the interaction between code lines and line-level context,passing information layer by layer to enhance local and global information exchange,thereby achieving accurate defect localization.Experimental results from within-project defect prediction(WPDP)and cross-project defect prediction(CPDP)conducted on nine different projects(encompassing a total of 32 versions)demonstrated that,within the same project,the proposed methods will respectively recall at top 20%of lines of code(Recall@Top20%LOC)and effort at top 20%recall(Effort@Top20%Recall)has increased by 11%–52%and 23%–77%.In different projects,improvements of 9%–60%and 18%–77%have been achieved,which are superior to existing advanced methods and have good detection performance.
文摘We apply methods of algebraic integral geometry to prove a special case of the Gaussian kinematic formula of Adler-Taylor.The idea,suggested already by Adler and Taylor,is to view the GKF as the limit of spherical kinematic formulas for spheres of large dimension N and curvature1/N.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 61673017in part by the Science and Technology Department of Shaanxi Province under Grant 2024JC-YBQN-0657。
文摘Aeromagnetic compensation is one of the key issues in high-precision geomagnetic fl ight carrier navigation, directly determining the accuracy and reliability of real-time magnetic measurement data. The accurate modeling and compensation of interference magnetic measurements on carriers are of great signifi cance for the construction of reference and real-time maps for geomagnetic navigation. Current research on aeromagnetic compensation algorithms mainly focuses on accurately modeling interference magnetic fields from model- and data-driven perspectives based on measured aeromagnetic data. Challenges in obtaining aeromagnetic data and low information complexity adversely aff ect the generalization performance of a constructed model. To address these issues, a recursive least square algorithm based on elastic weight consolidation is proposed, which eff ectively suppresses the occurrence of catastrophic forgetting by controlling the direction of parameter updates. Experimental verifi cation with publicly available aeromagnetic datasets shows that the proposed algorithm can eff ectively circumvent historical information loss caused by interference magnetic field models during parameter updates and improve the stability, robustness, and accuracy of interference magnetic fi eld models.
基金supported by the Joint Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U21A20272)。
文摘Cronobacter spp.has strong resistance to desiccation and high permeability in Enterobacteriaceae,and powdered infant formula(PIF)is one of the main contamination routes.In recent years,the contamination of Cronobacter spp.in PIF incidents occurs from time to time,causing infant serious diseases or death.In this investigation,matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry was used to identify the phenotypes of 35 Cronobacter strains isolated from PIF and its processing environment.Subsequently,the isolates were evaluated for drying and osmotic pressure tolerance.The results showed that the deactivation rate of the strains ranged from 9.01%to 77.57%,and the highest osmotic pressure condition the strains could tolerate was 6 g/100 mL Na Cl.In addition,there was a positive correlation between biofilm formation ability and desiccation resistance.Combined with transcriptomics,Cronobacter spp.could activate biofilm synthesis,produce more trehalose,accumulate betaine and electrolytes to stabilize intracellular structure under the two treatment conditions.A total of 31 and 43 genes were found related to desiccation and permeability resistance,respectively.And some genes(cysM,thuF,ycjO,etc.)were found to be associated with two tolerances for the first time.
基金co-supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62303246,No.62103204)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2023M731788)。
文摘For nonlinear state estimation driven by non-Gaussian noise,the estimator is required to be updated iteratively.Since the iterative update approximates a linear process,it fails to capture the nonlinearity of observation models,and this further degrades filtering accuracy and consistency.Given the flaws of nonlinear iteration,this work incorporates a recursive strategy into generalized M-estimation rather than the iterative strategy.The proposed algorithm extends nonlinear recursion to nonlinear systems using the statistical linear regression method.The recursion allows for the gradual release of observation information and consequently enables the update to proceed along the nonlinear direction.Considering the correlated state and observation noise induced by recursions,a separately reweighting strategy is adopted to build a robust nonlinear system.Analogous to the nonlinear recursion,a robust nonlinear recursive update strategy is proposed,where the associated covariances and the observation noise statistics are updated recursively to ensure the consistency of observation noise statistics,thereby completing the nonlinear solution of the robust system.Compared with the iterative update strategies under non-Gaussian observation noise,the recursive update strategy can facilitate the estimator to achieve higher filtering accuracy,stronger robustness,and better consistency.Therefore,the proposed strategy is more suitable for the robust nonlinear filtering framework.
基金Jinhua Traditional Chinese Medicine Science and Technology Research Project:Gut Microbiota Distribution Characteristics in Spleen-Deficiency Colorectal Adenoma Patients(No.2023KR04)Jinhua Traditional Chinese Medicine Science and Technology Major Research Project:Clinical Efficacy and Mechanism of Shugan Jianpi Tiaochang Pills in Preventing Postoperative Recurrence of Colorectal Adenomas based on Metabolomics Technology(No.2024ZD03)。
文摘OBJECTIVES:To systematically review the efficacy and safety of Jianpi formulas(健脾剂)in reducing the recurrence of colorectal adenoma(CRA)after polypectomy.METHODS:Randomized controlled trials(RCTs)investigating Jianpi formulas for CRA post-polypectomy were systematically retrieved from eight electronic databases.The quality of the methodology was assessed using the Cochrane collaboration tool.The Grades of Recommendations Assessment Development and Evaluation(GRADE)approach was employed for evidence assessment.Statistical analyses were conducted using Statistics and Data Analysis(STATA)17(StataCorp(College Station,TX,USA)and Review Manager(RevMan)5.4(The Cochrane Collaboration(London,UK).RESULTS:The Meta-analysis,encompassing 18 RCTs with 1838 patients,revealed that Jianpi formulas significantly outperformed postoperative routine treatment.It demonstrated a reduction in the half-year recurrence rate[relative risk(RR)=0.41,95%confidence interval(CI)=0.33-0.49,Z=9.08,P<0.00001],the oneyear recurrence rate[RR=0.58,95%CI=0.49-0.69,Z=6.12,P<0.00001],and an enhancement in the clinical effective rate[RR=1.27,95%CI=1.19-1.36,Z=7.06,P<0.00001].The half-year recurrence rate and the clinical effective rate were medium-quality evidence.The one-year recurrence rate was low-quality evidence.Additionally,Jianpi formulas appear to be safe and do not increase adverse reactions compared to postoperative routine treatment alone.CONCLUSION:Jianpi formulas exhibit efficacy in reducing postoperative half-year and one-year recurrence rates while improving the clinical effective rate after polypectomy for CRA.
