The design strategy and efficiency optimization of a Ge-based n-type metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor(n-MOSFET)with a Si_(0.14)Ge_(0.72)Sn_(0.14)-Ge_(0.82)Sn_(0.18)-Ge quantum structure used for 2.45 ...The design strategy and efficiency optimization of a Ge-based n-type metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor(n-MOSFET)with a Si_(0.14)Ge_(0.72)Sn_(0.14)-Ge_(0.82)Sn_(0.18)-Ge quantum structure used for 2.45 GHz weak energy microwave wireless energy transmission is reported.The quantum structure combined withδ-doping technology is used to reduce the scattering of the device and improve its electron mobility;at the same time,the generation of surface channels is suppressed by the Si_(0.14)Ge_(0.72)Sn_(0.14) cap layer.By adjusting the threshold voltage of the device to 91 mV,setting the device aspect ratio to 1μm/0.4μm and adopting a novel diode connection method,the rectification efficiency of the device is improved.With simulation by Silvaco TCAD software,good performance is displayed in the transfer and output characteristics.For a simple half-wave rectifier circuit with a load of 1 pf and 20 kΩ,the rectification efficiency of the device can reach 7.14%at an input power of-10 dBm,which is 4.2 times that of a Si MOSFET(with a threshold voltage of 80 mV)under the same conditions;this device shows a better rectification effect than a Si MOSFET in the range of-30 dBm to 6.9 dBm.展开更多
Enantiomer identification is of paramount industrial value and physiological significance.Construction of sensitive chiral sensors with high enantiomeric discrimination ability is highly desirable.In this work,a chira...Enantiomer identification is of paramount industrial value and physiological significance.Construction of sensitive chiral sensors with high enantiomeric discrimination ability is highly desirable.In this work,a chiral covalent organic framework/anodic aluminum oxide(c-COF/AAO)membrane was prepared for electrochemical enantioselective recognition and sensing.Benefiting from the remarkable asymmetry,the asprepared nanofluidic c-COF/AAO presents a distinct ion current rectification(ICR)characteristic,enabling sensitive bioanalysis.In addition,owing to the large surface area,high chemical stability and perfect ion selectivity of chiral COF,the prepared c-COF/AAO membrane presents exceptionally selective mass transport and thereby enables excellent chiral discrimination for S-/R-Naproxen(S-/R-Npx)enantiomers.It is especially noteworthy that the detection limit is achieved as low as 3.88 pmol/L.These results raise the possibility for a facile,stable and low-cost method to carry out sensitive enantioselective recognition and detection.展开更多
可食用香料产品质量一致性评价能够保证食品风味一致性。本文基于傅里叶变换离子回旋共振质谱(Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry,FT-ICR-MS)结合不添加内标物的手动进样策略建立了一种快速分析香料质量的方...可食用香料产品质量一致性评价能够保证食品风味一致性。本文基于傅里叶变换离子回旋共振质谱(Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry,FT-ICR-MS)结合不添加内标物的手动进样策略建立了一种快速分析香料质量的方法,采用降噪、插值与归一化预处理质谱数据,相关系数法筛选样品重复测试中的异常值,主成分分析法评价插值后数据的质量,以验证压缩数据是否具有可行性。结果表明,正离子模式下香料A和香料B的未稀释样品分别被划分到甲醇体积分数0%~2%与0%~3%范围内,实际生产中可将此范围内的样品认定为质量合格。负离子模式样品响应低,优先考虑正离子模式评价可食用香料。展开更多
Pursuing significant thermal rectification effect with minimal temperature differences is critical for thermal rectifiers.While asymmetric structures enable spectral matching,they inherently limit thermal rectificatio...Pursuing significant thermal rectification effect with minimal temperature differences is critical for thermal rectifiers.While asymmetric structures enable spectral matching,they inherently limit thermal rectification performance.To address this issue,we developed a thermal rectification structure comprising a current-biased graphene-coated silicon carbide(SiC)substrate paired with another graphene-coated SiC substrate separated by a nanoscale vacuum gap.A current-biased graphene sheet generates nonreciprocal effect that actively modulates radiative energy transfer.Our theoretical framework demonstrates that the current-biased graphene achieves a high thermal diode efficiency even under a modest temperature difference.Remarkably,the thermal diode efficiency exceeds 0.8 at a temperature difference of just 100 K(between 300 K and 400 K).These findings highlight the synergistic enhancement from graphene coatings and current biasing,providing a viable strategy for nanoscale thermal management applications.展开更多
Carbon nanotubes(CNTs)are widely used in various fields owing to their unique properties.In this study,three different types of nitrogen-doped CNT heterojunctions were constructed:parallel-doped(PCNT),vertically doped...Carbon nanotubes(CNTs)are widely used in various fields owing to their unique properties.In this study,three different types of nitrogen-doped CNT heterojunctions were constructed:parallel-doped(PCNT),vertically doped(VCNT),and mesh-doped(MCNT).Non-equilibrium molecular dynamics(NEMD)simulations were conducted to investigate their heat flux and thermal rectification(TR)effects.The results show that heat flux preferentially flows from nitrogen-doped regions to undoped regions,exhibiting distinct thermal rectification behavior,with PCNT showing the most pronounced effect.Interestingly,the TR ratio of the zigzag PCNT is significantly higher than that of the armchair PCNT.Subsequently,we examined the effects of system length and diameter on the TR ratio of the PCNT and found that the TR ratio increases and then decreases with increasing model length.In addition,the effect of defect density on the heat flux of the PCNT is peculiar.The phonon density of states,phonon dispersion,participation ratio,and phonon spectral heat flux were analyzed to elucidate the thermal transport behavior of phonons in the nanotubes.This study provides insights into the development and design of nitrogen-doped CNT thermal rectifiers.展开更多
背景与目的:前列腺癌与乳腺癌作为高发恶性肿瘤,其发生、发展与抑癌基因10号染色体上缺失的磷酸酶与张力蛋白同源物基因(phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chremosome ten,Pten)及转化相关蛋白53基因(transformation related ...背景与目的:前列腺癌与乳腺癌作为高发恶性肿瘤,其发生、发展与抑癌基因10号染色体上缺失的磷酸酶与张力蛋白同源物基因(phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chremosome ten,Pten)及转化相关蛋白53基因(transformation related protein 53 gene,Trp53)的功能缺失密切相关,二者同时缺失可加速肿瘤恶性进展并诱导治疗抵抗。基于Cre-loxP系统的基因编辑小鼠自发性肿瘤模型是研究癌症机制的关键工具。研究表明,前列腺特异性启动子前泌蛋白(probasin,Pbsn)的基因驱动的iCre重组酶基因(Pbsn-iCre)可诱导雄性小鼠自发性前列腺癌,但其在雌性乳腺癌中的作用及跨性别表达特征尚未阐明。本研究构建Pten^(fl/fl);Trp53^(fl/fl);Pbsn-iCre^(+)转基因小鼠模型,旨在探究其在前列腺癌与乳腺癌中的自发性肿瘤表型,并验证Pbsn在乳腺组织中的表达特征。方法:利用Cre-loxP系统,通过杂交及连续回交筛选获得基因型稳定的Pten^(fl/fl);Trp53^(fl/fl);Pbsn-iCre^(+)子代小鼠(伦理审查批号:FUSCC-IACUC-2025115)。通过聚合酶链式反应及琼脂糖凝胶电泳验证Pten、Trp53及Pbsn-iCre基因型。通过H-E染色评估肿瘤组织病理学特征。免疫组织化学分析前列腺及乳腺肿瘤组织中Pten、p53蛋白表达水平,并检测Pbsn在乳腺、前列腺、卵巢、心脏、肝脏及肾脏中的分布。结果:Pten^(fl/fl);Trp53^(fl/fl);Pbsn-iCre^(+)雄鼠与雌鼠分别自发前列腺癌或乳腺癌。前列腺癌病理学特征表现为肿瘤呈侵袭性腺泡腺癌结构,伴腺体结构紊乱及基膜破坏;乳腺癌病理学特征表现为浸润性导管癌,伴导管上皮异型增生及间质淋巴细胞浸润。免疫组织化学检测证实前列腺及乳腺的肿瘤组织中Pten与p53蛋白完全失表达,验证了前列腺和乳腺特异性基因敲除效应。免疫组织化学检测也证实了Pbsn蛋白特异性表达于前列腺腺泡上皮、卵泡及乳腺导管上皮细胞,而心脏、肝脏及肾脏中未见表达。结论:Pbsn-iCre在雌性乳腺中存在功能性表达,Pbsn-iCre所诱导的Pten/Trp53同时缺失可驱动雄鼠自发形成前列腺癌、雌鼠自发形成乳腺癌。展开更多
Thermal diodes,based on the thermal rectification effect,have demonstrated great promise for advanced thermal management.In previous studies,almost all thermal diodes were discussed under the condition of steady state...Thermal diodes,based on the thermal rectification effect,have demonstrated great promise for advanced thermal management.In previous studies,almost all thermal diodes were discussed under the condition of steady states,while the heat source of a practical thermal system often operates under dynamically fluctuating temperatures.Therefore,in this work,we employ finite element simulation to investigate transient thermal rectification behaviors in a well-built heterojunction which exhibits intrinsic thermal rectification effect under steady state.Unidirectional energy transport in the heterojunction system,decoupled from the steady-state temperature bias,is observed under a time-dependent fluctuating heat source.This phenomenon enables straightforward realization of both giant thermal rectification and negative thermal transport.Furthermore,a series of novel thermal regulation strategies are unveiled by adjusting the average temperature,frequency,and phase of the heat source.Our work not only deepens fundamental understanding of thermal regulation in time-dependent oscillating temperature systems but also uncovers many unexplored energy-saving thermal management strategies.展开更多
基金supported by the National 111 Center(Grant No.B12026)Research on***Technology of Intelligent Reconfigurable General System(Grant No.F020250058)。
文摘The design strategy and efficiency optimization of a Ge-based n-type metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor(n-MOSFET)with a Si_(0.14)Ge_(0.72)Sn_(0.14)-Ge_(0.82)Sn_(0.18)-Ge quantum structure used for 2.45 GHz weak energy microwave wireless energy transmission is reported.The quantum structure combined withδ-doping technology is used to reduce the scattering of the device and improve its electron mobility;at the same time,the generation of surface channels is suppressed by the Si_(0.14)Ge_(0.72)Sn_(0.14) cap layer.By adjusting the threshold voltage of the device to 91 mV,setting the device aspect ratio to 1μm/0.4μm and adopting a novel diode connection method,the rectification efficiency of the device is improved.With simulation by Silvaco TCAD software,good performance is displayed in the transfer and output characteristics.For a simple half-wave rectifier circuit with a load of 1 pf and 20 kΩ,the rectification efficiency of the device can reach 7.14%at an input power of-10 dBm,which is 4.2 times that of a Si MOSFET(with a threshold voltage of 80 mV)under the same conditions;this device shows a better rectification effect than a Si MOSFET in the range of-30 dBm to 6.9 dBm.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22274076,22304084)the Primary Research&Development Plan of Jiangsu Province(No.BE2022793)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China(No.BK20230377)Jiangsu Provincial Department of Education(No.211090B52303)。
文摘Enantiomer identification is of paramount industrial value and physiological significance.Construction of sensitive chiral sensors with high enantiomeric discrimination ability is highly desirable.In this work,a chiral covalent organic framework/anodic aluminum oxide(c-COF/AAO)membrane was prepared for electrochemical enantioselective recognition and sensing.Benefiting from the remarkable asymmetry,the asprepared nanofluidic c-COF/AAO presents a distinct ion current rectification(ICR)characteristic,enabling sensitive bioanalysis.In addition,owing to the large surface area,high chemical stability and perfect ion selectivity of chiral COF,the prepared c-COF/AAO membrane presents exceptionally selective mass transport and thereby enables excellent chiral discrimination for S-/R-Naproxen(S-/R-Npx)enantiomers.It is especially noteworthy that the detection limit is achieved as low as 3.88 pmol/L.These results raise the possibility for a facile,stable and low-cost method to carry out sensitive enantioselective recognition and detection.
文摘可食用香料产品质量一致性评价能够保证食品风味一致性。本文基于傅里叶变换离子回旋共振质谱(Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry,FT-ICR-MS)结合不添加内标物的手动进样策略建立了一种快速分析香料质量的方法,采用降噪、插值与归一化预处理质谱数据,相关系数法筛选样品重复测试中的异常值,主成分分析法评价插值后数据的质量,以验证压缩数据是否具有可行性。结果表明,正离子模式下香料A和香料B的未稀释样品分别被划分到甲醇体积分数0%~2%与0%~3%范围内,实际生产中可将此范围内的样品认定为质量合格。负离子模式样品响应低,优先考虑正离子模式评价可食用香料。
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12364008)the Ph.D.Research Startup Foundation of Yan’an University(Grant No.YDBK2019-54)the Yan’an High-level Talent Special Project(Grant No.2019263166)。
文摘Pursuing significant thermal rectification effect with minimal temperature differences is critical for thermal rectifiers.While asymmetric structures enable spectral matching,they inherently limit thermal rectification performance.To address this issue,we developed a thermal rectification structure comprising a current-biased graphene-coated silicon carbide(SiC)substrate paired with another graphene-coated SiC substrate separated by a nanoscale vacuum gap.A current-biased graphene sheet generates nonreciprocal effect that actively modulates radiative energy transfer.Our theoretical framework demonstrates that the current-biased graphene achieves a high thermal diode efficiency even under a modest temperature difference.Remarkably,the thermal diode efficiency exceeds 0.8 at a temperature difference of just 100 K(between 300 K and 400 K).These findings highlight the synergistic enhancement from graphene coatings and current biasing,providing a viable strategy for nanoscale thermal management applications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52476071)the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(Grant No.A2024502008).
文摘Carbon nanotubes(CNTs)are widely used in various fields owing to their unique properties.In this study,three different types of nitrogen-doped CNT heterojunctions were constructed:parallel-doped(PCNT),vertically doped(VCNT),and mesh-doped(MCNT).Non-equilibrium molecular dynamics(NEMD)simulations were conducted to investigate their heat flux and thermal rectification(TR)effects.The results show that heat flux preferentially flows from nitrogen-doped regions to undoped regions,exhibiting distinct thermal rectification behavior,with PCNT showing the most pronounced effect.Interestingly,the TR ratio of the zigzag PCNT is significantly higher than that of the armchair PCNT.Subsequently,we examined the effects of system length and diameter on the TR ratio of the PCNT and found that the TR ratio increases and then decreases with increasing model length.In addition,the effect of defect density on the heat flux of the PCNT is peculiar.The phonon density of states,phonon dispersion,participation ratio,and phonon spectral heat flux were analyzed to elucidate the thermal transport behavior of phonons in the nanotubes.This study provides insights into the development and design of nitrogen-doped CNT thermal rectifiers.
文摘背景与目的:前列腺癌与乳腺癌作为高发恶性肿瘤,其发生、发展与抑癌基因10号染色体上缺失的磷酸酶与张力蛋白同源物基因(phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chremosome ten,Pten)及转化相关蛋白53基因(transformation related protein 53 gene,Trp53)的功能缺失密切相关,二者同时缺失可加速肿瘤恶性进展并诱导治疗抵抗。基于Cre-loxP系统的基因编辑小鼠自发性肿瘤模型是研究癌症机制的关键工具。研究表明,前列腺特异性启动子前泌蛋白(probasin,Pbsn)的基因驱动的iCre重组酶基因(Pbsn-iCre)可诱导雄性小鼠自发性前列腺癌,但其在雌性乳腺癌中的作用及跨性别表达特征尚未阐明。本研究构建Pten^(fl/fl);Trp53^(fl/fl);Pbsn-iCre^(+)转基因小鼠模型,旨在探究其在前列腺癌与乳腺癌中的自发性肿瘤表型,并验证Pbsn在乳腺组织中的表达特征。方法:利用Cre-loxP系统,通过杂交及连续回交筛选获得基因型稳定的Pten^(fl/fl);Trp53^(fl/fl);Pbsn-iCre^(+)子代小鼠(伦理审查批号:FUSCC-IACUC-2025115)。通过聚合酶链式反应及琼脂糖凝胶电泳验证Pten、Trp53及Pbsn-iCre基因型。通过H-E染色评估肿瘤组织病理学特征。免疫组织化学分析前列腺及乳腺肿瘤组织中Pten、p53蛋白表达水平,并检测Pbsn在乳腺、前列腺、卵巢、心脏、肝脏及肾脏中的分布。结果:Pten^(fl/fl);Trp53^(fl/fl);Pbsn-iCre^(+)雄鼠与雌鼠分别自发前列腺癌或乳腺癌。前列腺癌病理学特征表现为肿瘤呈侵袭性腺泡腺癌结构,伴腺体结构紊乱及基膜破坏;乳腺癌病理学特征表现为浸润性导管癌,伴导管上皮异型增生及间质淋巴细胞浸润。免疫组织化学检测证实前列腺及乳腺的肿瘤组织中Pten与p53蛋白完全失表达,验证了前列腺和乳腺特异性基因敲除效应。免疫组织化学检测也证实了Pbsn蛋白特异性表达于前列腺腺泡上皮、卵泡及乳腺导管上皮细胞,而心脏、肝脏及肾脏中未见表达。结论:Pbsn-iCre在雌性乳腺中存在功能性表达,Pbsn-iCre所诱导的Pten/Trp53同时缺失可驱动雄鼠自发形成前列腺癌、雌鼠自发形成乳腺癌。
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2023YFA1407001)Department of Science and Technology of Jiangsu Province(Grant No.BK20220032)。
文摘Thermal diodes,based on the thermal rectification effect,have demonstrated great promise for advanced thermal management.In previous studies,almost all thermal diodes were discussed under the condition of steady states,while the heat source of a practical thermal system often operates under dynamically fluctuating temperatures.Therefore,in this work,we employ finite element simulation to investigate transient thermal rectification behaviors in a well-built heterojunction which exhibits intrinsic thermal rectification effect under steady state.Unidirectional energy transport in the heterojunction system,decoupled from the steady-state temperature bias,is observed under a time-dependent fluctuating heat source.This phenomenon enables straightforward realization of both giant thermal rectification and negative thermal transport.Furthermore,a series of novel thermal regulation strategies are unveiled by adjusting the average temperature,frequency,and phase of the heat source.Our work not only deepens fundamental understanding of thermal regulation in time-dependent oscillating temperature systems but also uncovers many unexplored energy-saving thermal management strategies.
