The concept of“basic rights and interests”in the recordation review system serves as a key to understanding the mixed use of review standards by the review authorities.The essence of the“basic rights and interests...The concept of“basic rights and interests”in the recordation review system serves as a key to understanding the mixed use of review standards by the review authorities.The essence of the“basic rights and interests”concept is the value foundation established by the community for individuals,playing a legitimizing role in the actual operation of the state power system.Through the method of“triple abstraction,”the substantive construction of“basic rights and interests”can be achieved.Ensuring the“basic rights and interests”of citizens can effectively fulfill the functional purpose of the recordation review system.The diverse human rights norms in China’s legal system are the formal carriers of basic rights and interests,which can be categorized into four types:human rights norms in policies,human rights norms in the Constitution,human rights norms in departmental laws,and human rights norms in social and cultural consensus.By examining the interactive connections of these diverse human rights norms,citizens’“basic rights and interests”can be organized into such five categories as survival care,democratic participation,cultural education,well-being development,and ecological harmony.The protection of“basic rights and interests”depends on the review authorities’application of the“basic rights and interests”concept to conduct mixed reviews of relevant normative documents.The application method should be based on the principles of integration,effectiveness,entirety,and harmony.展开更多
Objective To determine whether frailty is a risk factor for hospitalization and mortality in older adults enrolled in the "Chronic Heart Failure Program" at a hospital in Lima, Peru, between 2018–2021.Metho...Objective To determine whether frailty is a risk factor for hospitalization and mortality in older adults enrolled in the "Chronic Heart Failure Program" at a hospital in Lima, Peru, between 2018–2021.Methods This was an ambispective cohort study. A total of 85 older adults participating in the Chronic Heart Failure Program at Guillermo Almenara National Hospital were included. Each had an initial frailty assessment, forming two cohorts: frail and non-frail older adults. Medical records were reviewed, and patients were followed for one year to track events of interest(hospitalization and mortality). Overall survival and risk factors for hospitalization and death were determined.Results During follow-up, 15.3% of the older adults died, and frailty was identified in 58.8% of the patients. Overall survival using the Kaplan-Meier method was 96.5% at 3 months after entering the Chronic Heart Failure Program;92.9% at 6 months;and85.9% at one year. Multivariate analysis using Poisson regression found that frailty was not a risk factor for hospitalization(a RR =0.92;95% CI: 0.42–2.03). Survival analysis using the Cox proportional hazards model showed that frailty was also not a risk factor for mortality after one year of follow-up(a HR = 1.32;95% CI: 0.27–6.53).Conclusions Our research does not confirm frailty as a risk factor for hospitalization or mortality in older adults enrolled in the“Chronic Heart Failure Program” after one year of follow-up.展开更多
An unprecedented extreme gale and dust event struck East Asia during 10-14 April2025.A record-breaking gale swept across most regions of China.It carried large amounts of dust from northern deserts,resulting in nation...An unprecedented extreme gale and dust event struck East Asia during 10-14 April2025.A record-breaking gale swept across most regions of China.It carried large amounts of dust from northern deserts,resulting in nationwide dust weather.Gales affected more than 3.5 million km^(2),and the windspeeds in North China were the strongest in April since 1940(Fig.1a,b).展开更多
As healthcare systems increasingly embrace digitalization,effective management of electronic health records(EHRs)has emerged as a critical priority,particularly in inpatient settings where data sensitivity and realtim...As healthcare systems increasingly embrace digitalization,effective management of electronic health records(EHRs)has emerged as a critical priority,particularly in inpatient settings where data sensitivity and realtime access are paramount.Traditional EHR systems face significant challenges,including unauthorized access,data breaches,and inefficiencies in tracking follow-up appointments,which heighten the risk of misdiagnosis and medication errors.To address these issues,this research proposes a hybrid blockchain-based solution for securely managing EHRs,specifically designed as a framework for tracking inpatient follow-ups.By integrating QR codeenabled data access with a blockchain architecture,this innovative approach enhances privacy protection,data integrity,and auditing capabilities,while facilitating swift and real-time data retrieval.The architecture adheres to Role-Based Access Control(RBAC)principles and utilizes robust encryption techniques,including SHA-256 and AES-256-CBC,to secure sensitive information.A comprehensive threat model outlines trust boundaries and potential adversaries,complemented by a validated data transmission protocol.Experimental results demonstrate that the framework remains reliable in concurrent access scenarios,highlighting its efficiency and responsiveness in real-world applications.This study emphasizes the necessity for hybrid solutions in managing sensitive medical information and advocates for integrating blockchain technology and QR code innovations into contemporary healthcare systems.展开更多
Diabetic retinopathy is a prominent cause of blindness in adults,with early retinal ganglion cell loss contributing to visual dysfunction or blindness.In the brain,defects inγ-aminobutyric acid synaptic transmission ...Diabetic retinopathy is a prominent cause of blindness in adults,with early retinal ganglion cell loss contributing to visual dysfunction or blindness.In the brain,defects inγ-aminobutyric acid synaptic transmission are associated with pathophysiological and neurodegenerative disorders,whereas glucagon-like peptide-1 has demonstrated neuroprotective effects.However,it is not yet clear whether diabetes causes alterations in inhibitory input to retinal ganglion cells and whether and how glucagon-like peptide-1 protects against neurodegeneration in the diabetic retina through regulating inhibitory synaptic transmission to retinal ganglion cells.In the present study,we used the patch-clamp technique to recordγ-aminobutyric acid subtype A receptor-mediated miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents in retinal ganglion cells from streptozotocin-induced diabetes model rats.We found that early diabetes(4 weeks of hyperglycemia)decreased the frequency of GABAergic miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents in retinal ganglion cells without altering their amplitude,suggesting a reduction in the spontaneous release ofγ-aminobutyric acid to retinal ganglion cells.Topical administration of glucagon-like peptide-1 eyedrops over a period of 2 weeks effectively countered the hyperglycemia-induced downregulation of GABAergic mIPSC frequency,subsequently enhancing the survival of retinal ganglion cells.Concurrently,the protective effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 on retinal ganglion cells in diabetic rats were eliminated by topical administration of exendin-9-39,a specific glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor antagonist,or SR95531,a specific antagonist of theγ-aminobutyric acid subtype A receptor.Furthermore,extracellular perfusion of glucagon-like peptide-1 was found to elevate the frequencies of GABAergic miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents in both ON-and OFF-type retinal ganglion cells.This elevation was shown to be mediated by activation of the phosphatidylinositol-phospholipase C/inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor/Ca2+/protein kinase C signaling pathway downstream of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor activation.Moreover,multielectrode array recordings revealed that glucagon-like peptide-1 functionally augmented the photoresponses of ON-type retinal ganglion cells.Optomotor response tests demonstrated that diabetic rats exhibited reductions in visual acuity and contrast sensitivity that were significantly ameliorated by topical administration of glucagon-like peptide-1.These results suggest that glucagon-like peptide-1 facilitates the release ofγ-aminobutyric acid onto retinal ganglion cells through the activation of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor,leading to the de-excitation of retinal ganglion cell circuits and the inhibition of excitotoxic processes associated with diabetic retinopathy.Collectively,our findings indicate that theγ-aminobutyric acid system has potential as a therapeutic target for mitigating early-stage diabetic retinopathy.Furthermore,the topical administration of glucagon-like peptide-1 eyedrops represents a non-invasive and effective treatment approach for managing early-stage diabetic retinopathy.展开更多
Marine fish diversity in the Beibu Gulf from 2014 to 2022 was analyzed,using various methods including at-sea fisheries resource surveys,fishing port surveys,underwater survey techniques,and data from literature,books...Marine fish diversity in the Beibu Gulf from 2014 to 2022 was analyzed,using various methods including at-sea fisheries resource surveys,fishing port surveys,underwater survey techniques,and data from literature,books,and databases,from which 1059 fish species across 40 orders,166 families,and 503 genera were identified.Among them,Acanthuriformes displayed the highest diversity,followed by Carangiformes and Perciformes.Notably,eight alien species were found in the Beibu Gulf.The International Union for Conservation of Nature(IUCN)Red List assessment revealed 51threatened species,primarily cartilaginous fish.Taxonomic changes affected 88.70%of species due to classification adjustments,misidentifications,and junior synonymy.This study contributed new data of the gulf,including one additional order,six new families,34 new genera,and 81 new species,emphasizing the dynamic nature of marine ecosystems.Fish diversity in the gulf was relatively lower than the broader South China Sea,attributed to limited habitats and survey methods.Different survey methods,such as gill nets,trap nets,and underwater cameras,yielded varying results.Ocean currents may have transported deep-sea species into the Beibu Gulf,leading to accidental records.Research gaps exist in unexplored areas,warranting further investigation.Therefore,the Beibu Gulf hosts significant marine biodiversity,but taxonomic challenges and undiscovered species require new research and conservation efforts.展开更多
In this paper,large deviations principle(LDP)and moderate deviations principle(MDP)of record numbers in random walks are studied under certain conditions.The results show that the rate functions of LDP and MDP are dif...In this paper,large deviations principle(LDP)and moderate deviations principle(MDP)of record numbers in random walks are studied under certain conditions.The results show that the rate functions of LDP and MDP are different from those of weak record numbers,which are interesting complements of the conclusions by Li and Yao[1].展开更多
Personal video recorders (PVRs) have altered the way users consume television (TV) content by allowing users to record programs and watch them at their convenience, overcoming the constraints of live broadcasting. How...Personal video recorders (PVRs) have altered the way users consume television (TV) content by allowing users to record programs and watch them at their convenience, overcoming the constraints of live broadcasting. However, standalone PVRs are limited by their individual storage capacities, restricting the number of programs they can store. While online catch-up TV services such as Hulu and Netflix mitigate this limitation by offering on-demand access to broadcast programs shortly after their initial broadcast, they require substantial storage and network resources, leading to significant infrastructural costs for service providers. To address these challenges, we propose a collaborative TV content recording system that leverages distributed PVRs, combining their storage into a virtual shared pool without additional costs. Our system aims to support all concurrent playback requests without service interruption while ensuring program availability comparable to that of local devices. The main contributions of our proposed system are fourfold. First, by sharing storage and upload bandwidth among PVRs, our system significantly expands the overall recording capacity and enables simultaneous recording of multiple programs without the physical constraints of standalone devices. Second, by utilizing erasure coding efficiently, our system reduces the storage space required for each program, allowing more programs to be recorded compared to traditional replication. Third, we propose an adaptive redundancy scheme to control the degree of redundancy of each program based on its evolving playback demand, ensuring high-quality playback by providing sufficient bandwidth for popular programs. Finally, we introduce a contribution-based incentive policy that encourages PVRs to actively participate by contributing resources, while discouraging excessive consumption of the combined storage pool. Through extensive experiments, we demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed collaborative TV program recording system in terms of storage efficiency and performance.展开更多
Savannah,Ga.,April 22,2025-Gulfstream Aerospace Corp.today announced its fleet has achieved an industry-leading 700 city-pair speed records with a Gulfstream G700 flight from Taipei to Miami.This flight commemorates t...Savannah,Ga.,April 22,2025-Gulfstream Aerospace Corp.today announced its fleet has achieved an industry-leading 700 city-pair speed records with a Gulfstream G700 flight from Taipei to Miami.This flight commemorates the 50-year anniversary of Gulfstream's first U.S.National Aeronautic Association(NAA)accredited speed record,set in 1975 by the Gulfstream GII.展开更多
Designed and built by eight Dutch engineers,the worlds longest bicycle is 55.16 meters,roughly the same length as four double-decker buses.39-year-old Ivan Schalk had been thinking about building the world's longe...Designed and built by eight Dutch engineers,the worlds longest bicycle is 55.16 meters,roughly the same length as four double-decker buses.39-year-old Ivan Schalk had been thinking about building the world's longest bicycle since reading about it in The Guinness Book of Records when he was a child,but he only started this project in 2018,as a way to fill up his free time.展开更多
Zhang Bo is a legend in his own right:at the age of 52,he obtained his pilot’s license;at 54,he became the first Chinese citizen to circumnavigate the globe by air;and at 57,he completed his second round-the-world fl...Zhang Bo is a legend in his own right:at the age of 52,he obtained his pilot’s license;at 54,he became the first Chinese citizen to circumnavigate the globe by air;and at 57,he completed his second round-the-world flight.展开更多
Cyber-Physical System (CPS) devices are increasing exponentially. Lacking confidentiality creates a vulnerable network. Thus, demanding the overall system with the latest and robust solutions for the defence mechanism...Cyber-Physical System (CPS) devices are increasing exponentially. Lacking confidentiality creates a vulnerable network. Thus, demanding the overall system with the latest and robust solutions for the defence mechanisms with low computation cost, increased integrity, and surveillance. The proposal of a mechanism that utilizes the features of authenticity measures using the Destination Sequence Distance Vector (DSDV) routing protocol which applies to the multi-WSN (Wireless Sensor Network) of IoT devices in CPS which is developed for the Device-to-Device (D2D) authentication developed from the local-chain and public chain respectively combined with the Software Defined Networking (SDN) control and monitoring system using switches and controllers that will route the packets through the network, identify any false nodes, take preventive measures against them and preventing them for any future problems. Next, the system is powered by Blockchain cryptographic features by utilizing the TrustChain features to create a private, secure, and temper-free ledger of the transactions performed inside the network. Results are achieved in the legitimate devices connecting to the network, transferring their packets to their destination under supervision, reporting whenever a false node is causing hurdles, and recording the transactions for temper-proof records. Evaluation results based on 1000+ transactions illustrate that the proposed mechanism not only outshines most aspects of Cyber-Physical systems but also consumes less computation power with a low latency of 0.1 seconds only.展开更多
155⁃year⁃old Hilde Dosogne of Belgium recently set a new world record for most consecutive(连续的)marathons after running 366 full marathons(over 15,000 km)in 2024.2 On May 30,2024,Hilde Dosogne had already broken the...155⁃year⁃old Hilde Dosogne of Belgium recently set a new world record for most consecutive(连续的)marathons after running 366 full marathons(over 15,000 km)in 2024.2 On May 30,2024,Hilde Dosogne had already broken the women's world record for most consecutive marathons—150,set by Erchana Murray⁃Bartlett—but she didn't stop running until December 31st,when she recorded her 366th consecutive full marathon of the year.As you can imagine,running 42.195 km per day,every day,for a year is incredibly taxing for the body,but while Hilde had to overcome tiredness and bursitis(滑囊炎),she claimed that the mental stress of having to show up at the starting line every day was her most difficult challenge.展开更多
The genus Ablepharus represents a morphologically diverse group of lizards,comprising approximately 19 species distributed across Asia.However,due to challenges in sample collection,the taxonomy and phylogeny of this ...The genus Ablepharus represents a morphologically diverse group of lizards,comprising approximately 19 species distributed across Asia.However,due to challenges in sample collection,the taxonomy and phylogeny of this genus remain poorly resolved.In this study,we identified and described a novel species of Ablepharus from western Xizang,China,through morphological analysis and molecular phylogenetics.Phylogenetic reconstruction based on mitochondrial DNA(ND2)sequences showed that the new species formed a strongly supported sister lineage with A.ladacensis and A.himalayanus,while exhibiting significant genetic divergence from all other congeners.In addition to its genetic distinctiveness,the new species can be characterized by a combination of the following morphological characters:(1)eyelids partially fused;(2)tympanum sunken;(3)supranasal scales absent;(4)prefrontals separated from each other;(5)supraoculars 4;(6)supralabials 7,6^(th) largest;(7)infralabials 6 or 7;(8)scale rows across neck and back 6;(9)scales encircling midbody 32;(10)midventral scales from last chinshield to precloaca 72-80;(11)subcaudals 110-125;(12)lamellae beneath 4^(th) finger 13-16,beneath 4^(th) toe 18-21;(13)body brownish-olive,devoid of spots,venter brick-red.This study highlights the underexplored species diversity within Ablepharus in China and provides new insights into the taxonomy and evolutionary relationships of the genus.展开更多
主题语境:挑战自我篇幅:311词建议用时:6分钟。1 On June 14th of this year, Vitomir Maričić took one last breath of pure oxygen, lay down in a pool, and stayed there calmly—like a sea cucumber—for 29 minutes and 3 secon...主题语境:挑战自我篇幅:311词建议用时:6分钟。1 On June 14th of this year, Vitomir Maričić took one last breath of pure oxygen, lay down in a pool, and stayed there calmly—like a sea cucumber—for 29 minutes and 3 seconds. According to Guinness World Records, this is officially the longest time a male has voluntarily held his breath, with Maričić beating the former record holder by nearly 5 minutes.展开更多
From a distance,they look like vivid pieces of abstract art-but move a little closer and dozens of small and characterful portraits shine out of the work.The ambitious idea of the City of Portraits project,a decade in...From a distance,they look like vivid pieces of abstract art-but move a little closer and dozens of small and characterful portraits shine out of the work.The ambitious idea of the City of Portraits project,a decade in the making and nowhere near complete,is to record the faces of all 1,800 people who live in Britain's smallest city,St Davids in south-west Wales.展开更多
Today,China stands as Latin America’s second-largest trading partner,with bilateral trade hitting a record USD 518.47 billion in 2024.Their cooperation has transcended traditional sectors like energy,infrastructure,a...Today,China stands as Latin America’s second-largest trading partner,with bilateral trade hitting a record USD 518.47 billion in 2024.Their cooperation has transcended traditional sectors like energy,infrastructure,and agriculture,expanding into green development,digital innovation,and high-tech manufacturing-areas that now drive mutual growth.展开更多
This paper presents the design of a low-power multi-channel analog front-end(AFE) for bio-potential recording. By using time division multiplexing(TDM), a successive approximation register analog-to-digital converter(...This paper presents the design of a low-power multi-channel analog front-end(AFE) for bio-potential recording. By using time division multiplexing(TDM), a successive approximation register analog-to-digital converter(SAR ADC) is shared among all 20 channels. A charge-sharing multiplexer(MUX) is proposed to transmit the output signals from the respective channels to the ADC. By separately pre sampling the output of each channel, the sampling time of each channel is greatly extended and additional active buffers are avoided. The AFE is fabricated in a 65-nm CMOS process, and the whole system consumes 28.2 μW under 1 V supply. Each analog acquisition channel consumes 1.25 μW and occupies a chip area of 0.14 mm2. Measurement results show that the AFE achieves an input referred noise of 1.8 μV·rms in a 350 Hz bandwidth and a noise efficiency factor(NEF) of 4.1. The 12-bit SAR ADC achieves an ENOB of 9.8 bit operating at 25 k S/s. The AFE is experimented on real-world applications by measuring human ECG and a clear ECG waveform is captured.展开更多
基金the 12th(2022)Cai Dingjian Outstanding Paper Award,it is a phased result of the 2020 National Social Science Fund Key Project“Research on the Con-stitutional Integration of the Central-local Government Affairs Relationship in China”(Approval Number 20AFX011)the Special Project“Research on the Constitutional Integration of the Integrated Construc-tion of a Law-based Country,a Law-based Government,and a Law-based Society”of the Zhejiang Provincial Philosophy and Social Sciences Plan“Research and Interpretation of the Spirit of the Fifth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee”(Project Number 21WZQH06Z).
文摘The concept of“basic rights and interests”in the recordation review system serves as a key to understanding the mixed use of review standards by the review authorities.The essence of the“basic rights and interests”concept is the value foundation established by the community for individuals,playing a legitimizing role in the actual operation of the state power system.Through the method of“triple abstraction,”the substantive construction of“basic rights and interests”can be achieved.Ensuring the“basic rights and interests”of citizens can effectively fulfill the functional purpose of the recordation review system.The diverse human rights norms in China’s legal system are the formal carriers of basic rights and interests,which can be categorized into four types:human rights norms in policies,human rights norms in the Constitution,human rights norms in departmental laws,and human rights norms in social and cultural consensus.By examining the interactive connections of these diverse human rights norms,citizens’“basic rights and interests”can be organized into such five categories as survival care,democratic participation,cultural education,well-being development,and ecological harmony.The protection of“basic rights and interests”depends on the review authorities’application of the“basic rights and interests”concept to conduct mixed reviews of relevant normative documents.The application method should be based on the principles of integration,effectiveness,entirety,and harmony.
文摘Objective To determine whether frailty is a risk factor for hospitalization and mortality in older adults enrolled in the "Chronic Heart Failure Program" at a hospital in Lima, Peru, between 2018–2021.Methods This was an ambispective cohort study. A total of 85 older adults participating in the Chronic Heart Failure Program at Guillermo Almenara National Hospital were included. Each had an initial frailty assessment, forming two cohorts: frail and non-frail older adults. Medical records were reviewed, and patients were followed for one year to track events of interest(hospitalization and mortality). Overall survival and risk factors for hospitalization and death were determined.Results During follow-up, 15.3% of the older adults died, and frailty was identified in 58.8% of the patients. Overall survival using the Kaplan-Meier method was 96.5% at 3 months after entering the Chronic Heart Failure Program;92.9% at 6 months;and85.9% at one year. Multivariate analysis using Poisson regression found that frailty was not a risk factor for hospitalization(a RR =0.92;95% CI: 0.42–2.03). Survival analysis using the Cox proportional hazards model showed that frailty was also not a risk factor for mortality after one year of follow-up(a HR = 1.32;95% CI: 0.27–6.53).Conclusions Our research does not confirm frailty as a risk factor for hospitalization or mortality in older adults enrolled in the“Chronic Heart Failure Program” after one year of follow-up.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42088101).
文摘An unprecedented extreme gale and dust event struck East Asia during 10-14 April2025.A record-breaking gale swept across most regions of China.It carried large amounts of dust from northern deserts,resulting in nationwide dust weather.Gales affected more than 3.5 million km^(2),and the windspeeds in North China were the strongest in April since 1940(Fig.1a,b).
基金funded by Multimedia University,Cyberjaya,Selangor,Malaysia(Grant Number:PostDoc(MMUI/240029)).
文摘As healthcare systems increasingly embrace digitalization,effective management of electronic health records(EHRs)has emerged as a critical priority,particularly in inpatient settings where data sensitivity and realtime access are paramount.Traditional EHR systems face significant challenges,including unauthorized access,data breaches,and inefficiencies in tracking follow-up appointments,which heighten the risk of misdiagnosis and medication errors.To address these issues,this research proposes a hybrid blockchain-based solution for securely managing EHRs,specifically designed as a framework for tracking inpatient follow-ups.By integrating QR codeenabled data access with a blockchain architecture,this innovative approach enhances privacy protection,data integrity,and auditing capabilities,while facilitating swift and real-time data retrieval.The architecture adheres to Role-Based Access Control(RBAC)principles and utilizes robust encryption techniques,including SHA-256 and AES-256-CBC,to secure sensitive information.A comprehensive threat model outlines trust boundaries and potential adversaries,complemented by a validated data transmission protocol.Experimental results demonstrate that the framework remains reliable in concurrent access scenarios,highlighting its efficiency and responsiveness in real-world applications.This study emphasizes the necessity for hybrid solutions in managing sensitive medical information and advocates for integrating blockchain technology and QR code innovations into contemporary healthcare systems.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.32070989(to YMZ),31872766(to YMZ),81790640(to XLY),and 82070993(to SJW)the grant from Sanming Project of Medicine in Shenzhen,No.SZSM202011015(to XLY)。
文摘Diabetic retinopathy is a prominent cause of blindness in adults,with early retinal ganglion cell loss contributing to visual dysfunction or blindness.In the brain,defects inγ-aminobutyric acid synaptic transmission are associated with pathophysiological and neurodegenerative disorders,whereas glucagon-like peptide-1 has demonstrated neuroprotective effects.However,it is not yet clear whether diabetes causes alterations in inhibitory input to retinal ganglion cells and whether and how glucagon-like peptide-1 protects against neurodegeneration in the diabetic retina through regulating inhibitory synaptic transmission to retinal ganglion cells.In the present study,we used the patch-clamp technique to recordγ-aminobutyric acid subtype A receptor-mediated miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents in retinal ganglion cells from streptozotocin-induced diabetes model rats.We found that early diabetes(4 weeks of hyperglycemia)decreased the frequency of GABAergic miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents in retinal ganglion cells without altering their amplitude,suggesting a reduction in the spontaneous release ofγ-aminobutyric acid to retinal ganglion cells.Topical administration of glucagon-like peptide-1 eyedrops over a period of 2 weeks effectively countered the hyperglycemia-induced downregulation of GABAergic mIPSC frequency,subsequently enhancing the survival of retinal ganglion cells.Concurrently,the protective effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 on retinal ganglion cells in diabetic rats were eliminated by topical administration of exendin-9-39,a specific glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor antagonist,or SR95531,a specific antagonist of theγ-aminobutyric acid subtype A receptor.Furthermore,extracellular perfusion of glucagon-like peptide-1 was found to elevate the frequencies of GABAergic miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents in both ON-and OFF-type retinal ganglion cells.This elevation was shown to be mediated by activation of the phosphatidylinositol-phospholipase C/inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor/Ca2+/protein kinase C signaling pathway downstream of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor activation.Moreover,multielectrode array recordings revealed that glucagon-like peptide-1 functionally augmented the photoresponses of ON-type retinal ganglion cells.Optomotor response tests demonstrated that diabetic rats exhibited reductions in visual acuity and contrast sensitivity that were significantly ameliorated by topical administration of glucagon-like peptide-1.These results suggest that glucagon-like peptide-1 facilitates the release ofγ-aminobutyric acid onto retinal ganglion cells through the activation of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor,leading to the de-excitation of retinal ganglion cell circuits and the inhibition of excitotoxic processes associated with diabetic retinopathy.Collectively,our findings indicate that theγ-aminobutyric acid system has potential as a therapeutic target for mitigating early-stage diabetic retinopathy.Furthermore,the topical administration of glucagon-like peptide-1 eyedrops represents a non-invasive and effective treatment approach for managing early-stage diabetic retinopathy.
基金Supported by the Regional Innovation Development Joint Fund Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U20A2087)the Shiptime Sharing Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42249911)。
文摘Marine fish diversity in the Beibu Gulf from 2014 to 2022 was analyzed,using various methods including at-sea fisheries resource surveys,fishing port surveys,underwater survey techniques,and data from literature,books,and databases,from which 1059 fish species across 40 orders,166 families,and 503 genera were identified.Among them,Acanthuriformes displayed the highest diversity,followed by Carangiformes and Perciformes.Notably,eight alien species were found in the Beibu Gulf.The International Union for Conservation of Nature(IUCN)Red List assessment revealed 51threatened species,primarily cartilaginous fish.Taxonomic changes affected 88.70%of species due to classification adjustments,misidentifications,and junior synonymy.This study contributed new data of the gulf,including one additional order,six new families,34 new genera,and 81 new species,emphasizing the dynamic nature of marine ecosystems.Fish diversity in the gulf was relatively lower than the broader South China Sea,attributed to limited habitats and survey methods.Different survey methods,such as gill nets,trap nets,and underwater cameras,yielded varying results.Ocean currents may have transported deep-sea species into the Beibu Gulf,leading to accidental records.Research gaps exist in unexplored areas,warranting further investigation.Therefore,the Beibu Gulf hosts significant marine biodiversity,but taxonomic challenges and undiscovered species require new research and conservation efforts.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11671145)the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(Grant No.18dz2271000).
文摘In this paper,large deviations principle(LDP)and moderate deviations principle(MDP)of record numbers in random walks are studied under certain conditions.The results show that the rate functions of LDP and MDP are different from those of weak record numbers,which are interesting complements of the conclusions by Li and Yao[1].
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grant funded by the Korea government(MSIT)(Nos.2019R1A2C1002221 and RS-2023-00252186)Institute of Information&Communications Technology Planning&Evaluation(IITP)grant funded by the Korea government(MSIT)(Nos.2021-0-00590,RS-2021-II210590Decentralized High Performance Consensus for Large-Scale Blockchains).
文摘Personal video recorders (PVRs) have altered the way users consume television (TV) content by allowing users to record programs and watch them at their convenience, overcoming the constraints of live broadcasting. However, standalone PVRs are limited by their individual storage capacities, restricting the number of programs they can store. While online catch-up TV services such as Hulu and Netflix mitigate this limitation by offering on-demand access to broadcast programs shortly after their initial broadcast, they require substantial storage and network resources, leading to significant infrastructural costs for service providers. To address these challenges, we propose a collaborative TV content recording system that leverages distributed PVRs, combining their storage into a virtual shared pool without additional costs. Our system aims to support all concurrent playback requests without service interruption while ensuring program availability comparable to that of local devices. The main contributions of our proposed system are fourfold. First, by sharing storage and upload bandwidth among PVRs, our system significantly expands the overall recording capacity and enables simultaneous recording of multiple programs without the physical constraints of standalone devices. Second, by utilizing erasure coding efficiently, our system reduces the storage space required for each program, allowing more programs to be recorded compared to traditional replication. Third, we propose an adaptive redundancy scheme to control the degree of redundancy of each program based on its evolving playback demand, ensuring high-quality playback by providing sufficient bandwidth for popular programs. Finally, we introduce a contribution-based incentive policy that encourages PVRs to actively participate by contributing resources, while discouraging excessive consumption of the combined storage pool. Through extensive experiments, we demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed collaborative TV program recording system in terms of storage efficiency and performance.
文摘Savannah,Ga.,April 22,2025-Gulfstream Aerospace Corp.today announced its fleet has achieved an industry-leading 700 city-pair speed records with a Gulfstream G700 flight from Taipei to Miami.This flight commemorates the 50-year anniversary of Gulfstream's first U.S.National Aeronautic Association(NAA)accredited speed record,set in 1975 by the Gulfstream GII.
文摘Designed and built by eight Dutch engineers,the worlds longest bicycle is 55.16 meters,roughly the same length as four double-decker buses.39-year-old Ivan Schalk had been thinking about building the world's longest bicycle since reading about it in The Guinness Book of Records when he was a child,but he only started this project in 2018,as a way to fill up his free time.
文摘Zhang Bo is a legend in his own right:at the age of 52,he obtained his pilot’s license;at 54,he became the first Chinese citizen to circumnavigate the globe by air;and at 57,he completed his second round-the-world flight.
基金funded by Ajman University,AU-Funded Research Grant 2023-IRG-ENIT-22.
文摘Cyber-Physical System (CPS) devices are increasing exponentially. Lacking confidentiality creates a vulnerable network. Thus, demanding the overall system with the latest and robust solutions for the defence mechanisms with low computation cost, increased integrity, and surveillance. The proposal of a mechanism that utilizes the features of authenticity measures using the Destination Sequence Distance Vector (DSDV) routing protocol which applies to the multi-WSN (Wireless Sensor Network) of IoT devices in CPS which is developed for the Device-to-Device (D2D) authentication developed from the local-chain and public chain respectively combined with the Software Defined Networking (SDN) control and monitoring system using switches and controllers that will route the packets through the network, identify any false nodes, take preventive measures against them and preventing them for any future problems. Next, the system is powered by Blockchain cryptographic features by utilizing the TrustChain features to create a private, secure, and temper-free ledger of the transactions performed inside the network. Results are achieved in the legitimate devices connecting to the network, transferring their packets to their destination under supervision, reporting whenever a false node is causing hurdles, and recording the transactions for temper-proof records. Evaluation results based on 1000+ transactions illustrate that the proposed mechanism not only outshines most aspects of Cyber-Physical systems but also consumes less computation power with a low latency of 0.1 seconds only.
文摘155⁃year⁃old Hilde Dosogne of Belgium recently set a new world record for most consecutive(连续的)marathons after running 366 full marathons(over 15,000 km)in 2024.2 On May 30,2024,Hilde Dosogne had already broken the women's world record for most consecutive marathons—150,set by Erchana Murray⁃Bartlett—but she didn't stop running until December 31st,when she recorded her 366th consecutive full marathon of the year.As you can imagine,running 42.195 km per day,every day,for a year is incredibly taxing for the body,but while Hilde had to overcome tiredness and bursitis(滑囊炎),she claimed that the mental stress of having to show up at the starting line every day was her most difficult challenge.
基金funded by the Second Xizang Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research(STEP)Program(2024QZKK0200)National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC 32370486)Animal Branch of the Germplasm Bank of Wild Species,Chinese Academy of Sciences(Large Research Infrastructure Funding).
文摘The genus Ablepharus represents a morphologically diverse group of lizards,comprising approximately 19 species distributed across Asia.However,due to challenges in sample collection,the taxonomy and phylogeny of this genus remain poorly resolved.In this study,we identified and described a novel species of Ablepharus from western Xizang,China,through morphological analysis and molecular phylogenetics.Phylogenetic reconstruction based on mitochondrial DNA(ND2)sequences showed that the new species formed a strongly supported sister lineage with A.ladacensis and A.himalayanus,while exhibiting significant genetic divergence from all other congeners.In addition to its genetic distinctiveness,the new species can be characterized by a combination of the following morphological characters:(1)eyelids partially fused;(2)tympanum sunken;(3)supranasal scales absent;(4)prefrontals separated from each other;(5)supraoculars 4;(6)supralabials 7,6^(th) largest;(7)infralabials 6 or 7;(8)scale rows across neck and back 6;(9)scales encircling midbody 32;(10)midventral scales from last chinshield to precloaca 72-80;(11)subcaudals 110-125;(12)lamellae beneath 4^(th) finger 13-16,beneath 4^(th) toe 18-21;(13)body brownish-olive,devoid of spots,venter brick-red.This study highlights the underexplored species diversity within Ablepharus in China and provides new insights into the taxonomy and evolutionary relationships of the genus.
文摘主题语境:挑战自我篇幅:311词建议用时:6分钟。1 On June 14th of this year, Vitomir Maričić took one last breath of pure oxygen, lay down in a pool, and stayed there calmly—like a sea cucumber—for 29 minutes and 3 seconds. According to Guinness World Records, this is officially the longest time a male has voluntarily held his breath, with Maričić beating the former record holder by nearly 5 minutes.
文摘From a distance,they look like vivid pieces of abstract art-but move a little closer and dozens of small and characterful portraits shine out of the work.The ambitious idea of the City of Portraits project,a decade in the making and nowhere near complete,is to record the faces of all 1,800 people who live in Britain's smallest city,St Davids in south-west Wales.
文摘Today,China stands as Latin America’s second-largest trading partner,with bilateral trade hitting a record USD 518.47 billion in 2024.Their cooperation has transcended traditional sectors like energy,infrastructure,and agriculture,expanding into green development,digital innovation,and high-tech manufacturing-areas that now drive mutual growth.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China under Grant 2018YFA0701400 and 2018YFA0701401.
文摘This paper presents the design of a low-power multi-channel analog front-end(AFE) for bio-potential recording. By using time division multiplexing(TDM), a successive approximation register analog-to-digital converter(SAR ADC) is shared among all 20 channels. A charge-sharing multiplexer(MUX) is proposed to transmit the output signals from the respective channels to the ADC. By separately pre sampling the output of each channel, the sampling time of each channel is greatly extended and additional active buffers are avoided. The AFE is fabricated in a 65-nm CMOS process, and the whole system consumes 28.2 μW under 1 V supply. Each analog acquisition channel consumes 1.25 μW and occupies a chip area of 0.14 mm2. Measurement results show that the AFE achieves an input referred noise of 1.8 μV·rms in a 350 Hz bandwidth and a noise efficiency factor(NEF) of 4.1. The 12-bit SAR ADC achieves an ENOB of 9.8 bit operating at 25 k S/s. The AFE is experimented on real-world applications by measuring human ECG and a clear ECG waveform is captured.
