Cu-based metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)are widely employed in CO_(2)reduction reactions(CO_(2)RR).Mostly,the in-situ reconstructed derivatives such as Cu or Cu oxides during CO_(2)RR are regarded as the catalytic acti...Cu-based metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)are widely employed in CO_(2)reduction reactions(CO_(2)RR).Mostly,the in-situ reconstructed derivatives such as Cu or Cu oxides during CO_(2)RR are regarded as the catalytic active center for the formation of catalytic products.However,in many cases,the pristine MOFs still exist during the catalytic process,the key role of these pristine MOFs is often ignored in revealing the catalytic mechanism.Here,we designed two Cu(imidazole)with different coordination environments,namely CuN_(2)and Cu_(2)N_(4)for CO_(2)RR.The structures of the two MOFs were still remained after the catalytic reaction.We discovered that the pristine MOFs served as activation catalysts for converting CO_(2)into CO.Sequentially,the Cu-based derivatives,in the two cases,Cu(111)converted the CO into C_(2+)products.The CuN_(2)with more exposed Cu-N centers showed a higher FE_(CO)and a higher final FEC_(2+)than Cu_(2)N_(4).This auto-tandem catalytic mechanism was supported by electrocatalytic performance,TPD-CO,HRTEM,SAED,XPS,in-situ XANES and XES and DFT computation.The auto-tandem catalytic mechanism provides a new route to design Cu-based MOF electrocatalysts for high product selectivity in CO_(2)RR.展开更多
Accurate segmentation of camouflage objects in aerial imagery is vital for improving the efficiency of UAV-based reconnaissance and rescue missions.However,camouflage object segmentation is increasingly challenging du...Accurate segmentation of camouflage objects in aerial imagery is vital for improving the efficiency of UAV-based reconnaissance and rescue missions.However,camouflage object segmentation is increasingly challenging due to advances in both camouflage materials and biological mimicry.Although multispectral-RGB based technology shows promise,conventional dual-aperture multispectral-RGB imaging systems are constrained by imprecise and time-consuming registration and fusion across different modalities,limiting their performance.Here,we propose the Reconstructed Multispectral-RGB Fusion Network(RMRF-Net),which reconstructs RGB images into multispectral ones,enabling efficient multimodal segmentation using only an RGB camera.Specifically,RMRF-Net employs a divergentsimilarity feature correction strategy to minimize reconstruction errors and includes an efficient boundary-aware decoder to enhance object contours.Notably,we establish the first real-world aerial multispectral-RGB semantic segmentation of camouflage objects dataset,including 11 object categories.Experimental results demonstrate that RMRF-Net outperforms existing methods,achieving 17.38 FPS on the NVIDIA Jetson AGX Orin,with only a 0.96%drop in mIoU compared to the RTX 3090,showing its practical applicability in multimodal remote sensing.展开更多
The sluggish kinetics of the oxygen evolution reaction(OER)severely limits the efficiency of electrochemical water splitting for sustainable hydrogen production.Developing cost-effective and efficient OER electrocatal...The sluggish kinetics of the oxygen evolution reaction(OER)severely limits the efficiency of electrochemical water splitting for sustainable hydrogen production.Developing cost-effective and efficient OER electrocatalysts based on earth-abundant elements is thus highly desirable.Herein,we report a nanoporous(CoNiFe)OOH electrocatalyst decorated with Zn(OH)_(4)^(2−)anions,synthesized via electrochemical surface reconstruction of ZnO-decorated CoNiFe medium-entropy alloys(MEAs).The reconstructed(CoNiFe)OOH adsorbed with Zn(OH)_(4)^(2−)anions serves as the real active phase,featuring abundant catalytic sites and enhanced OH−accessibility.Adsorbed Zn(OH)_(4)^(2−)anions promote OH−transfer and facilitate electron redistribution at the active sites,particularly enhancing Co site activity,as revealed by density functional theory(DFT)calculations.As a result,the optimized CoNiFeZn@NF-EO electrode exhibits outstanding OER performance,achieving a low overpotential of 264 mV at 10 mA·cm^(−2),a Tafel slope of 46.6 mV·dec^(−1),and remarkable long-term stability in alkaline electrolyte.This work provides new insights into the synergistic effect between surface reconstruction and Zn-based species,offering a promising strategy for designing high-performance OER electrocatalysts.展开更多
Reconstruction during the oxygen evolution reaction(OER)significantly transforms the geometric structure of transition metal compounds,leading to enhanced catalytic performance.However,the resulting structural disorde...Reconstruction during the oxygen evolution reaction(OER)significantly transforms the geometric structure of transition metal compounds,leading to enhanced catalytic performance.However,the resulting structural disorder complicates the development of accurate theoretical models.In this study,CoS2 is used as a model system to establish a framework for rationally modeling reconstructed OER catalysts based on density functional theory(DFT).In the reconstruction process,sulfur atoms are likely to be substituted by oxygen atoms,leading to the formation of the CoOOH phase.Based on the difference in reconstruction degree,we constructed three types of models:doping,heterostructure,and fully reconstructed,representing the reconstruction degree from minimal to full phase transition,respectively.Fully reconstructed models,which account for strain and vacancy effects,effectively simulate the unique coordination environments of reconstructed catalysts.Model e-CoOOH achieves a theoretical overpotential of 0.38 V,outperforming pristine CoOOH(0.56 V),demonstrating that the unique structural features resulting from reconstruction improve OER performance.The doping model and the heterostructure model are helpful to explain the electronic structure and performance transformation of the reconstruction process.This work provides a rational theoretical modeling approach,which is conducive to improving the reliability of the theoretical OER performance of the reconstructed catalyst.展开更多
Hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))electrosynthesis via two-electron oxygen reduction reaction(2e-ORR)is a promising alternative for the energy-intensive anthraquinone process.However,the instability of the catalytic metal ...Hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))electrosynthesis via two-electron oxygen reduction reaction(2e-ORR)is a promising alternative for the energy-intensive anthraquinone process.However,the instability of the catalytic metal sites in the state-of-the-art metal single-atom catalysts(M-SACs)hinders their further industrial applications,and the high potential and valueless oxygen product of the conventional anodic oxygen evolution reaction(OER)further limit the economic efficiency of this technology.To address this,a dynamically local structure reconstruction strategy is proposed to in situ transfer the active sites from unstable metal sites to the stable surrounding carbon sites for efficient and durable 2e^(-)ORR electrocatalysis.For the as-designed Mn-N_(3)O-C catalyst,by reconstructing Mn sites into Mn(^(*)OH),the Mn sites were passivated and carbon sites adjacent to the O atom were verified to be the actual active sites by in situ characterization and theoretical calculation.Consequently,Mn-N_(3)O-C exhibited>80%Faradaic efficiency and superior long-term durability over 100 h for H_(2)O_(2)electrosynthesis at~120 mA cm^(-2).In addition,coupling anodic ethylene glycol oxidation reaction(EGOR)further improves the efficiency and economic viability of the H_(2)O_(2)electrosynthesis system.This two-pronged strategy thus opens up a new opportunity for the development of stable H_(2)O_(2)electrosynthesis with low energy consumption and superior economic performance.展开更多
Electrocatalytic upcycling of polyethylene terephthalate(PET)waste plastics into value-added chemicals offers a promising strategy to address environmental pollution.However,the development of efficient electrocatalys...Electrocatalytic upcycling of polyethylene terephthalate(PET)waste plastics into value-added chemicals offers a promising strategy to address environmental pollution.However,the development of efficient electrocatalysts capable of operating under industrial-level current densities remains a significant challenge.In this study,we report an electrochemical reconstruction strategy to fabricate Ni^(2+)-doped CoOOH nanosheet arrays directly on nickel foam(NF),enabling highly efficient conversion of PET-derived ethylene glycol(EG)into formate at high current densities.Systematic investigations,including in situ spectroscopic analysis,reveal that Ni^(2+)doping not only enhances the adsorption of EG molecules on the catalyst surface but also accelerates the formation of reactive*OH intermediates,thereby improving the reaction kinetics of C-C bond cleavage,ultimately promoting efficient formate production.Specifically,the optimized Ni^(2+)-CoOOH_(3)/NF catalyst achieves an industrial-level current density of 500 mA·cm^(-2)at an ultralow potential of 1.38 V vs.RHE,with a Faradaic efficiency exceeding 90%across a broad current density range of 100-500 mA·cm^(−2).Furthermore,in a practical two-electrode electrolyzer,the Ni^(2+)-CoOOH_(3)/NF delivers a high formate yield of 7.10 mmol·h^(−1)·cm^(−2)at 900 mA·cm^(−2),along with excellent long-term operational stability.展开更多
The in-situ generated oxyanions at electrochemically reconstructed catalysts from metal-based nonoxide compounds have been proven to significantly accelerate oxygen evolution reaction(OER)kinetics.However,it remains a...The in-situ generated oxyanions at electrochemically reconstructed catalysts from metal-based nonoxide compounds have been proven to significantly accelerate oxygen evolution reaction(OER)kinetics.However,it remains a challenge to retain these self-released oxyanions at reconstructed catalysts,hindering its utilization as a tool to develop efficient OER catalysts.Here,we demonstrate a versatile selftransformed carbonate regulation strategy to efficiently retain the self-released chalcogenate at Co oxyhydroxides reconstructed from carbon-incorporated Co selenides under OER conditions.These selftransformed CO_(3)^(2-)can induce electron accumulation and narrow d bond at Co sites to facilitate the Co3d-O 2p orbital hybridization between Co sites and SeO_(x)^(2-)for enhanced SeO_(x)^(2-)retention,which can accelerate the rate-limiting step for^(*)OOH formation during OER.Relative to CoOOH-SeO_(x)^(2-)with limited SeO_(x)^(2-)residues,CoOOH-CO_(3)^(2-)/SeO_(x)^(2-)with elevated SeO_(x)^(2-)retention by CO_(3)^(2-)regulation exhibited a 5.6-fold increase in current density and a remarkable lower Tafel slope towards OER.This strategy paves a rational avenue to design efficient catalysts for electrooxidation reactions through finely regulating self-released oxyanions at reconstructed structures.展开更多
BACKGROUND Porocarcinoma is a rare type of skin cancer that originates from sweat gland tumors.It is an aggressive malignant skin cancer that is difficult to diagnose clinically owing to its rarity and similarity to s...BACKGROUND Porocarcinoma is a rare type of skin cancer that originates from sweat gland tumors.It is an aggressive malignant skin cancer that is difficult to diagnose clinically owing to its rarity and similarity to squamous cell carcinoma(SCC).CASE SUMMARY This case involved a 92-year-old woman,a farmer by profession,presented with an exophytic and verrucous mass on her left palm that had formed 2 years prior and caused chronic pain and frequent bleeding.Initially,the patient was diagnosed with SCC using a punch biopsy;however,a repeat biopsy with addi-tional immunohistochemical tests was performed for porocarcinoma.Ultimately,the patient was diagnosed with porocarcinoma and reconstruction was planned using a full-thickness skin graft.After treatment,the range of motion of the palm was preserved,and the aesthetic outcome was favorable.At 6 mo of follow-up,the patient was satisfied with the outcome.CONCLUSION Porocarcinoma is commonly misdiagnosed as SCC;therefore,clinicians should consider porocarcinomas when evaluating mass-like lesions on the hands.展开更多
Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder that affects the function of the brain in people of all ages.It manifests in the electroencephalogram(EEG) signal which records the electrical activity of the brain.Various ...Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder that affects the function of the brain in people of all ages.It manifests in the electroencephalogram(EEG) signal which records the electrical activity of the brain.Various image processing,signal processing,and machine-learning based techniques are employed to analyze epilepsy,using spatial and temporal features.The nervous system that generates the EEG signal is considered nonlinear and the EEG signals exhibit chaotic behavior.In order to capture these nonlinear dynamics,we use reconstructed phase space(RPS) representation of the signal.Earlier studies have primarily addressed seizure detection as a binary classification(normal vs.ictal) problem and rarely as a ternary class(normal vs.interictal vs.ictal)problem.We employ transfer learning on a pre-trained deep neural network model and retrain it using RPS images of the EEG signal.The classification accuracy of the model for the binary classes is(98.5±1.5)% and(95±2)% for the ternary classes.The performance of the convolution neural network(CNN) model is better than the other existing statistical approach for all performance indicators such as accuracy,sensitivity,and specificity.The result of the proposed approach shows the prospect of employing RPS images with CNN for predicting epileptic seizures.展开更多
To further clarify the dewatering performance and torque evolution during the tailings thickening process,a self-made rake was connected to a rheometer to monitor the shear stress and torque.The dewatering performance...To further clarify the dewatering performance and torque evolution during the tailings thickening process,a self-made rake was connected to a rheometer to monitor the shear stress and torque.The dewatering performance of the total tailings was greatly improved to a solid mass fraction of 75.33%in 240 min.The dewatering process could be divided into three stages:the rapid torque growth period,damping torque growth period,and constant torque thickening zone.The machine restart was found to have a significant effect on the rake torque;it could result in rake blockage.Furthermore,the simultaneous evolution of the torque and solid mass fraction of thickened tailings was analyzed.A relationship between the torque and the solid mass fraction was established,which followed a power function.Both the experimental and theoretical results provide a reference for the deep cone thickener design and operation to enhance the dewatering performance.展开更多
The precise microscopic feature of carbon-carbon（C/C） composites is essential {or an accurate predic tion of their mechanical behavior. After fabrication, actual microscopic feature differs from simple ideal spatial...The precise microscopic feature of carbon-carbon（C/C） composites is essential {or an accurate predic tion of their mechanical behavior. After fabrication, actual microscopic feature differs from simple ideal spatial model. Micro computed lomography（CT） scan can well describe internal microstruetures of composites. Therefore, a reconstructed model is developed based on mireo-CT, by a series of prodcedures including extrac tlng components, generating new binary images and establishing a finite element （FE） model. Compared with the model designed by reconstructed commercial software MIMICS. the presented reconstructed FE model is superior in terms of high mesh quality and eontrollable mesh cluantity. The precision of the model is verified by experiment.展开更多
The silicon-based materials are promising candidates for lithium-ion batteries owing to their high energy density.However,achieving long lifespan under realistic conditions remains a challenge because of the volume ex...The silicon-based materials are promising candidates for lithium-ion batteries owing to their high energy density.However,achieving long lifespan under realistic conditions remains a challenge because of the volume expansion and low conductivity.In this work,the highly elastic cobweb-like composite materials consisted by SiO and nanofibers are designed and fabricated for high-efficient lithium storage by ballmilling&electrostatic spinning method.The reconstructed heterostructure and highly elastic nanofibers can simultaneously increase the conductivity and inhibit the"expansion effect"of silicon-based materials.The constructed electrode of n-SiO/CNF delivers an initial capacity of 1700 m Ah/g,and maintains the capacities over 1000 m Ah/g after 100 cycles at the current density of 500 m A/g.Meanwhile,this electrode can give an initial coulombic efficiency over 85%and maintains at 98%in the following charge/discharge processes.Furthermore,it exhibits efficient long-term electrochemical performance,maintaining the capacity at about 1000 m Ah/g at a high current density of 1000 m A/g after 1000 cycles.This work could provide a promising strategy for enhancing the performance of siliconbased composite materials for practical application in lithium-ion batteries.展开更多
In the estimation and identification of nonlinear system state,aiming at the adverse effect of observation missing randomly caused by detection probability of used sensor which is less than 1,a novel federal extended ...In the estimation and identification of nonlinear system state,aiming at the adverse effect of observation missing randomly caused by detection probability of used sensor which is less than 1,a novel federal extended Kalman filter( FEKF) based on reconstructed observation in incomplete observations( ROIO) is proposed in this paper. On the basis of multi-sensor observation sets,the observation is exchanged at different times to construct a new observation set. Based on each observation set,an extended Kalman filter algorithm is used to estimate the state of the target,and then the federal filtering algorithm is used to solve the state estimation based on the multi-sensor observation data. The effect of the sensor probing probability on the filtering result and the effect of the number of sensors on the filtering result are obtained by the simulation experiment,respectively. The simulation results demonstrate effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.展开更多
A complete and detail method is described to get digitally reconstructed radiographs （DRRs）. Casting rays to traverse CT images, computing CT values of resample points by interpolation, then converting CT value to i...A complete and detail method is described to get digitally reconstructed radiographs （DRRs）. Casting rays to traverse CT images, computing CT values of resample points by interpolation, then converting CT value to its attenuation coefficient by using simplified segment function. Finally, DRRs enhancement is made to get the better display of region of interest （ROI）, and a new way is adopted to adjust the customization coefficient. The experimental results show that the proposed method is effective in generating the satisfied DRRs.展开更多
There are close relationships between the sea surface temperature (SST) and the surface wind over the tropical Pacific.To study the past climate variability over the tropical Pacific,the long-term monthly wind stress ...There are close relationships between the sea surface temperature (SST) and the surface wind over the tropical Pacific.To study the past climate variability over the tropical Pacific,the long-term monthly wind stress anomalies over the tropical Pacific for the period of 1856–2008 are reconstructed with an SVD (singular value decomposition)-based statistical atmospheric model,where the wind stress anomalies are slave and directly correspond to the SST anomalies.The verification results show that the reconstructed wind stress data have high correlations and a small root mean square (RMS) error with the three reanalysis/simulated surface wind datasets from the last 50 years.In addition,the simulated SST anomalies from an intermediate oceanic model (IOM),which is forced by the reconstructed wind stress,can simulate the realistic interannual and decadal variability of the ENSO (El Nio-Southern Oscillation);this indicates that this new long-term wind stress dataset is useful for various climate studies,especially for the large-scale interannual and decadal variability.展开更多
Using first-principles density functional theory combined with nonequilibrium Green＇s function method, we inves-tigate the spin caloritronic transport properties of （2×1） reconstructed zigzag MoS2 nanoribbons....Using first-principles density functional theory combined with nonequilibrium Green＇s function method, we inves-tigate the spin caloritronic transport properties of （2×1） reconstructed zigzag MoS2 nanoribbons. These systems can exhibit obvious spin Seebeck effect. Furthermore, by tuning the external magnetic field, a thermal giant magnetoresistance up to 10^4% can be achieved. These spin caloritronic transport properties are understood in terms of spin-resolved transmission spectra, band structures, and the symmetry analyses of energy bands around the Fermi level.展开更多
Dear Sir, I am Dong Hyun Ji, from the Department of Ophthalmology of St. Vincent’s Hospital, Suwon, Korea. I write to present a very severely recurrent basal cell carcinoma (BCC) in lower lid invading left orbit and ...Dear Sir, I am Dong Hyun Ji, from the Department of Ophthalmology of St. Vincent’s Hospital, Suwon, Korea. I write to present a very severely recurrent basal cell carcinoma (BCC) in lower lid invading left orbit and whole hemiface,展开更多
With mixed gangue,coarse gangue and washed gangue as well as the maize in the reclaimed land in Luling Mine of Huaibei as the research object,the biology migration and distribution characteristics of trace elements in...With mixed gangue,coarse gangue and washed gangue as well as the maize in the reclaimed land in Luling Mine of Huaibei as the research object,the biology migration and distribution characteristics of trace elements in the reconstructed soil with different types of coal gangue filling were studied,the contents of Cu,Pb,Zn,Sn,Hg,Cd and Cr were determined,and the distribution characteristics of the trace elements in the coal gangue and different organs of the maize were analyzed.The results showed that the contents of trace elements were the highest in washed gangue and the least in coarse gangue in the gangue used for the reclamation,and there were significant differences in the enrichment ability of trace elements in different organs of maizes that were planted in reclamation land,of which fruit was weaker than other organs,while leaf presented strong absorption ability.展开更多
To our knowledge this is the first report to provide a detailed description of surgical procedure for adhesiolysis and hepatectomy in patients who have undergone esophagectomy and reconstruction. We performed a hepati...To our knowledge this is the first report to provide a detailed description of surgical procedure for adhesiolysis and hepatectomy in patients who have undergone esophagectomy and reconstruction. We performed a hepatic resection of the left medial segment in a patient with a reconstructed stomach tube after esophagectomy for the esophageal carcinoma. The reconstructed stomach tube overlapped with the left medial segment of the liver and the hepatoduodenal ligament and was extensively and strongly adhered to them. It is important for clinicians to know how to perform the detachment procedure successfully in order to secure a surgical field for liver resection without damaging the fragile reconstructed gastric</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> tube. In order to avoid vascular injury of the stomach tube, it was decided that detachment around the hepatoduodenal ligament preceded detachment of the stomach tube from the liver. After complete separation of the hepatoduodenal ligament from the stomach tube, the hepatoduodenal ligament was encircled with tape. Subsequently, adhesiolysis was performed between the stomach tube </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">and the liver. Finally, parenchymal transection was performed using the intermittent hepatic inflow occlusion and crush clamping techniques to dissect the parenchyma. The patient was discharged two weeks after surgery without complication.展开更多
Cosmetic safety evaluation employs a series of toxicological tests, on both qualitative and quantitative levels, to assess the potential risks for the daily use of selected cosmetic ingredients and final products. Tra...Cosmetic safety evaluation employs a series of toxicological tests, on both qualitative and quantitative levels, to assess the potential risks for the daily use of selected cosmetic ingredients and final products. Traditionally, safety evaluation of cosmetics uses animal tests. With the development of in vitro science and the 3R （Reduction, Replacement and Refinement） principle, three-dimensional reconstructed human epidermis （3D-RHE） models have been developed and widely applied in cosmetic safety evaluation. Reconstructed human skin models possess anatomy and metabolism biology similar to real human tissue. This paper reviews the current application of 3D-RHE models in the safety evaluation of skin irritation, eye irritation, phototoxicity and genotoxicity potential of cosmetic ingredients/formulas. The advantages and disadvantages of using skin models are also discussed, and comments and suggestions are given for its future development.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22174067 and 22204078)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China(No.BK20220370)+2 种基金Jiangsu Provincial Department of Education(No.22KJB150009)State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science(No.SKLACLS2218)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions。
文摘Cu-based metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)are widely employed in CO_(2)reduction reactions(CO_(2)RR).Mostly,the in-situ reconstructed derivatives such as Cu or Cu oxides during CO_(2)RR are regarded as the catalytic active center for the formation of catalytic products.However,in many cases,the pristine MOFs still exist during the catalytic process,the key role of these pristine MOFs is often ignored in revealing the catalytic mechanism.Here,we designed two Cu(imidazole)with different coordination environments,namely CuN_(2)and Cu_(2)N_(4)for CO_(2)RR.The structures of the two MOFs were still remained after the catalytic reaction.We discovered that the pristine MOFs served as activation catalysts for converting CO_(2)into CO.Sequentially,the Cu-based derivatives,in the two cases,Cu(111)converted the CO into C_(2+)products.The CuN_(2)with more exposed Cu-N centers showed a higher FE_(CO)and a higher final FEC_(2+)than Cu_(2)N_(4).This auto-tandem catalytic mechanism was supported by electrocatalytic performance,TPD-CO,HRTEM,SAED,XPS,in-situ XANES and XES and DFT computation.The auto-tandem catalytic mechanism provides a new route to design Cu-based MOF electrocatalysts for high product selectivity in CO_(2)RR.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.62005049 and 62072110)Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(Grant No.2020J01451).
文摘Accurate segmentation of camouflage objects in aerial imagery is vital for improving the efficiency of UAV-based reconnaissance and rescue missions.However,camouflage object segmentation is increasingly challenging due to advances in both camouflage materials and biological mimicry.Although multispectral-RGB based technology shows promise,conventional dual-aperture multispectral-RGB imaging systems are constrained by imprecise and time-consuming registration and fusion across different modalities,limiting their performance.Here,we propose the Reconstructed Multispectral-RGB Fusion Network(RMRF-Net),which reconstructs RGB images into multispectral ones,enabling efficient multimodal segmentation using only an RGB camera.Specifically,RMRF-Net employs a divergentsimilarity feature correction strategy to minimize reconstruction errors and includes an efficient boundary-aware decoder to enhance object contours.Notably,we establish the first real-world aerial multispectral-RGB semantic segmentation of camouflage objects dataset,including 11 object categories.Experimental results demonstrate that RMRF-Net outperforms existing methods,achieving 17.38 FPS on the NVIDIA Jetson AGX Orin,with only a 0.96%drop in mIoU compared to the RTX 3090,showing its practical applicability in multimodal remote sensing.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52202093 and 52304325)the Natural Science Research of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China(No.22KJB430021)Jiangsu Provincial Double Innovation Doctor Program(No.JSSCBS20221258).
文摘The sluggish kinetics of the oxygen evolution reaction(OER)severely limits the efficiency of electrochemical water splitting for sustainable hydrogen production.Developing cost-effective and efficient OER electrocatalysts based on earth-abundant elements is thus highly desirable.Herein,we report a nanoporous(CoNiFe)OOH electrocatalyst decorated with Zn(OH)_(4)^(2−)anions,synthesized via electrochemical surface reconstruction of ZnO-decorated CoNiFe medium-entropy alloys(MEAs).The reconstructed(CoNiFe)OOH adsorbed with Zn(OH)_(4)^(2−)anions serves as the real active phase,featuring abundant catalytic sites and enhanced OH−accessibility.Adsorbed Zn(OH)_(4)^(2−)anions promote OH−transfer and facilitate electron redistribution at the active sites,particularly enhancing Co site activity,as revealed by density functional theory(DFT)calculations.As a result,the optimized CoNiFeZn@NF-EO electrode exhibits outstanding OER performance,achieving a low overpotential of 264 mV at 10 mA·cm^(−2),a Tafel slope of 46.6 mV·dec^(−1),and remarkable long-term stability in alkaline electrolyte.This work provides new insights into the synergistic effect between surface reconstruction and Zn-based species,offering a promising strategy for designing high-performance OER electrocatalysts.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development program(2022YFA1504000)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22302101)+4 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(63185015)Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(JCYJ20210324121002007,JCYJ20230807151503007)Yunnan Provincial Science and Technology Project at Southwest United Graduate School(202402AO370001)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2022M721699)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2024A1515010347).
文摘Reconstruction during the oxygen evolution reaction(OER)significantly transforms the geometric structure of transition metal compounds,leading to enhanced catalytic performance.However,the resulting structural disorder complicates the development of accurate theoretical models.In this study,CoS2 is used as a model system to establish a framework for rationally modeling reconstructed OER catalysts based on density functional theory(DFT).In the reconstruction process,sulfur atoms are likely to be substituted by oxygen atoms,leading to the formation of the CoOOH phase.Based on the difference in reconstruction degree,we constructed three types of models:doping,heterostructure,and fully reconstructed,representing the reconstruction degree from minimal to full phase transition,respectively.Fully reconstructed models,which account for strain and vacancy effects,effectively simulate the unique coordination environments of reconstructed catalysts.Model e-CoOOH achieves a theoretical overpotential of 0.38 V,outperforming pristine CoOOH(0.56 V),demonstrating that the unique structural features resulting from reconstruction improve OER performance.The doping model and the heterostructure model are helpful to explain the electronic structure and performance transformation of the reconstruction process.This work provides a rational theoretical modeling approach,which is conducive to improving the reliability of the theoretical OER performance of the reconstructed catalyst.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22379111 and 22179093)。
文摘Hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))electrosynthesis via two-electron oxygen reduction reaction(2e-ORR)is a promising alternative for the energy-intensive anthraquinone process.However,the instability of the catalytic metal sites in the state-of-the-art metal single-atom catalysts(M-SACs)hinders their further industrial applications,and the high potential and valueless oxygen product of the conventional anodic oxygen evolution reaction(OER)further limit the economic efficiency of this technology.To address this,a dynamically local structure reconstruction strategy is proposed to in situ transfer the active sites from unstable metal sites to the stable surrounding carbon sites for efficient and durable 2e^(-)ORR electrocatalysis.For the as-designed Mn-N_(3)O-C catalyst,by reconstructing Mn sites into Mn(^(*)OH),the Mn sites were passivated and carbon sites adjacent to the O atom were verified to be the actual active sites by in situ characterization and theoretical calculation.Consequently,Mn-N_(3)O-C exhibited>80%Faradaic efficiency and superior long-term durability over 100 h for H_(2)O_(2)electrosynthesis at~120 mA cm^(-2).In addition,coupling anodic ethylene glycol oxidation reaction(EGOR)further improves the efficiency and economic viability of the H_(2)O_(2)electrosynthesis system.This two-pronged strategy thus opens up a new opportunity for the development of stable H_(2)O_(2)electrosynthesis with low energy consumption and superior economic performance.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds of Zhejiang Sci-Tech University(ZSTU)(No.25262157-Y)We also thank SCI-GO(https://www.sci-go.com)for the SEM measurement.The authors thank the staff of beamline BL11B and BL13SSW at Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility for experiments supports.
文摘Electrocatalytic upcycling of polyethylene terephthalate(PET)waste plastics into value-added chemicals offers a promising strategy to address environmental pollution.However,the development of efficient electrocatalysts capable of operating under industrial-level current densities remains a significant challenge.In this study,we report an electrochemical reconstruction strategy to fabricate Ni^(2+)-doped CoOOH nanosheet arrays directly on nickel foam(NF),enabling highly efficient conversion of PET-derived ethylene glycol(EG)into formate at high current densities.Systematic investigations,including in situ spectroscopic analysis,reveal that Ni^(2+)doping not only enhances the adsorption of EG molecules on the catalyst surface but also accelerates the formation of reactive*OH intermediates,thereby improving the reaction kinetics of C-C bond cleavage,ultimately promoting efficient formate production.Specifically,the optimized Ni^(2+)-CoOOH_(3)/NF catalyst achieves an industrial-level current density of 500 mA·cm^(-2)at an ultralow potential of 1.38 V vs.RHE,with a Faradaic efficiency exceeding 90%across a broad current density range of 100-500 mA·cm^(−2).Furthermore,in a practical two-electrode electrolyzer,the Ni^(2+)-CoOOH_(3)/NF delivers a high formate yield of 7.10 mmol·h^(−1)·cm^(−2)at 900 mA·cm^(−2),along with excellent long-term operational stability.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (22002046 and 22379119)the Qin Chuangyuan High-level Innovative and Entrepreneurial Talent Program of Shaanxi Province (QCYRCXM-2023-045)+1 种基金the Youth Talent Support Program of Xi’an Association for Science and Technology (959202313070)the Young Top-notch Talent Program of Xi’an Jiaotong University (HG6J028)。
文摘The in-situ generated oxyanions at electrochemically reconstructed catalysts from metal-based nonoxide compounds have been proven to significantly accelerate oxygen evolution reaction(OER)kinetics.However,it remains a challenge to retain these self-released oxyanions at reconstructed catalysts,hindering its utilization as a tool to develop efficient OER catalysts.Here,we demonstrate a versatile selftransformed carbonate regulation strategy to efficiently retain the self-released chalcogenate at Co oxyhydroxides reconstructed from carbon-incorporated Co selenides under OER conditions.These selftransformed CO_(3)^(2-)can induce electron accumulation and narrow d bond at Co sites to facilitate the Co3d-O 2p orbital hybridization between Co sites and SeO_(x)^(2-)for enhanced SeO_(x)^(2-)retention,which can accelerate the rate-limiting step for^(*)OOH formation during OER.Relative to CoOOH-SeO_(x)^(2-)with limited SeO_(x)^(2-)residues,CoOOH-CO_(3)^(2-)/SeO_(x)^(2-)with elevated SeO_(x)^(2-)retention by CO_(3)^(2-)regulation exhibited a 5.6-fold increase in current density and a remarkable lower Tafel slope towards OER.This strategy paves a rational avenue to design efficient catalysts for electrooxidation reactions through finely regulating self-released oxyanions at reconstructed structures.
文摘BACKGROUND Porocarcinoma is a rare type of skin cancer that originates from sweat gland tumors.It is an aggressive malignant skin cancer that is difficult to diagnose clinically owing to its rarity and similarity to squamous cell carcinoma(SCC).CASE SUMMARY This case involved a 92-year-old woman,a farmer by profession,presented with an exophytic and verrucous mass on her left palm that had formed 2 years prior and caused chronic pain and frequent bleeding.Initially,the patient was diagnosed with SCC using a punch biopsy;however,a repeat biopsy with addi-tional immunohistochemical tests was performed for porocarcinoma.Ultimately,the patient was diagnosed with porocarcinoma and reconstruction was planned using a full-thickness skin graft.After treatment,the range of motion of the palm was preserved,and the aesthetic outcome was favorable.At 6 mo of follow-up,the patient was satisfied with the outcome.CONCLUSION Porocarcinoma is commonly misdiagnosed as SCC;therefore,clinicians should consider porocarcinomas when evaluating mass-like lesions on the hands.
文摘Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder that affects the function of the brain in people of all ages.It manifests in the electroencephalogram(EEG) signal which records the electrical activity of the brain.Various image processing,signal processing,and machine-learning based techniques are employed to analyze epilepsy,using spatial and temporal features.The nervous system that generates the EEG signal is considered nonlinear and the EEG signals exhibit chaotic behavior.In order to capture these nonlinear dynamics,we use reconstructed phase space(RPS) representation of the signal.Earlier studies have primarily addressed seizure detection as a binary classification(normal vs.ictal) problem and rarely as a ternary class(normal vs.interictal vs.ictal)problem.We employ transfer learning on a pre-trained deep neural network model and retrain it using RPS images of the EEG signal.The classification accuracy of the model for the binary classes is(98.5±1.5)% and(95±2)% for the ternary classes.The performance of the convolution neural network(CNN) model is better than the other existing statistical approach for all performance indicators such as accuracy,sensitivity,and specificity.The result of the proposed approach shows the prospect of employing RPS images with CNN for predicting epileptic seizures.
基金This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51804015 and 51834001)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.FRF-TP-17-024A1).
文摘To further clarify the dewatering performance and torque evolution during the tailings thickening process,a self-made rake was connected to a rheometer to monitor the shear stress and torque.The dewatering performance of the total tailings was greatly improved to a solid mass fraction of 75.33%in 240 min.The dewatering process could be divided into three stages:the rapid torque growth period,damping torque growth period,and constant torque thickening zone.The machine restart was found to have a significant effect on the rake torque;it could result in rake blockage.Furthermore,the simultaneous evolution of the torque and solid mass fraction of thickened tailings was analyzed.A relationship between the torque and the solid mass fraction was established,which followed a power function.Both the experimental and theoretical results provide a reference for the deep cone thickener design and operation to enhance the dewatering performance.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.11272147,10772078)the Aviation Science Foundation (No.2013ZF52074)+1 种基金the State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Structural Mechanics and Control (No.0214G02)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD)
文摘The precise microscopic feature of carbon-carbon（C/C） composites is essential {or an accurate predic tion of their mechanical behavior. After fabrication, actual microscopic feature differs from simple ideal spatial model. Micro computed lomography（CT） scan can well describe internal microstruetures of composites. Therefore, a reconstructed model is developed based on mireo-CT, by a series of prodcedures including extrac tlng components, generating new binary images and establishing a finite element （FE） model. Compared with the model designed by reconstructed commercial software MIMICS. the presented reconstructed FE model is superior in terms of high mesh quality and eontrollable mesh cluantity. The precision of the model is verified by experiment.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21706055,21978073 and U1903217)。
文摘The silicon-based materials are promising candidates for lithium-ion batteries owing to their high energy density.However,achieving long lifespan under realistic conditions remains a challenge because of the volume expansion and low conductivity.In this work,the highly elastic cobweb-like composite materials consisted by SiO and nanofibers are designed and fabricated for high-efficient lithium storage by ballmilling&electrostatic spinning method.The reconstructed heterostructure and highly elastic nanofibers can simultaneously increase the conductivity and inhibit the"expansion effect"of silicon-based materials.The constructed electrode of n-SiO/CNF delivers an initial capacity of 1700 m Ah/g,and maintains the capacities over 1000 m Ah/g after 100 cycles at the current density of 500 m A/g.Meanwhile,this electrode can give an initial coulombic efficiency over 85%and maintains at 98%in the following charge/discharge processes.Furthermore,it exhibits efficient long-term electrochemical performance,maintaining the capacity at about 1000 m Ah/g at a high current density of 1000 m A/g after 1000 cycles.This work could provide a promising strategy for enhancing the performance of siliconbased composite materials for practical application in lithium-ion batteries.
基金Supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China(No.61771006)the Open Foundation of Key Laboratory of Spectral Imaging Technology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.LSIT201711D)+1 种基金the Outstanding Young Cultivation Foundation of Henan university(No.0000A40366) the Basic and Advanced Technology Foundation of Henan Province(No.152300410195)
文摘In the estimation and identification of nonlinear system state,aiming at the adverse effect of observation missing randomly caused by detection probability of used sensor which is less than 1,a novel federal extended Kalman filter( FEKF) based on reconstructed observation in incomplete observations( ROIO) is proposed in this paper. On the basis of multi-sensor observation sets,the observation is exchanged at different times to construct a new observation set. Based on each observation set,an extended Kalman filter algorithm is used to estimate the state of the target,and then the federal filtering algorithm is used to solve the state estimation based on the multi-sensor observation data. The effect of the sensor probing probability on the filtering result and the effect of the number of sensors on the filtering result are obtained by the simulation experiment,respectively. The simulation results demonstrate effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
基金Support by Natural Science Foundation of Yunnan Province (2008 C0013R)
文摘A complete and detail method is described to get digitally reconstructed radiographs （DRRs）. Casting rays to traverse CT images, computing CT values of resample points by interpolation, then converting CT value to its attenuation coefficient by using simplified segment function. Finally, DRRs enhancement is made to get the better display of region of interest （ROI）, and a new way is adopted to adjust the customization coefficient. The experimental results show that the proposed method is effective in generating the satisfied DRRs.
基金supported by the Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant Nos.KZCX2-YW-202 and KZCX1-YW-12-03)the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No.2006CB403600)+1 种基金the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China (Grant Nos.40805033 and 40221503)Chinese COPES project (GYHY-200706005)
文摘There are close relationships between the sea surface temperature (SST) and the surface wind over the tropical Pacific.To study the past climate variability over the tropical Pacific,the long-term monthly wind stress anomalies over the tropical Pacific for the period of 1856–2008 are reconstructed with an SVD (singular value decomposition)-based statistical atmospheric model,where the wind stress anomalies are slave and directly correspond to the SST anomalies.The verification results show that the reconstructed wind stress data have high correlations and a small root mean square (RMS) error with the three reanalysis/simulated surface wind datasets from the last 50 years.In addition,the simulated SST anomalies from an intermediate oceanic model (IOM),which is forced by the reconstructed wind stress,can simulate the realistic interannual and decadal variability of the ENSO (El Nio-Southern Oscillation);this indicates that this new long-term wind stress dataset is useful for various climate studies,especially for the large-scale interannual and decadal variability.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province under Grant No ZR2016AM11
文摘Using first-principles density functional theory combined with nonequilibrium Green＇s function method, we inves-tigate the spin caloritronic transport properties of （2×1） reconstructed zigzag MoS2 nanoribbons. These systems can exhibit obvious spin Seebeck effect. Furthermore, by tuning the external magnetic field, a thermal giant magnetoresistance up to 10^4% can be achieved. These spin caloritronic transport properties are understood in terms of spin-resolved transmission spectra, band structures, and the symmetry analyses of energy bands around the Fermi level.
文摘Dear Sir, I am Dong Hyun Ji, from the Department of Ophthalmology of St. Vincent’s Hospital, Suwon, Korea. I write to present a very severely recurrent basal cell carcinoma (BCC) in lower lid invading left orbit and whole hemiface,
基金Supported by the National Natural Foundation of China(41372369)
文摘With mixed gangue,coarse gangue and washed gangue as well as the maize in the reclaimed land in Luling Mine of Huaibei as the research object,the biology migration and distribution characteristics of trace elements in the reconstructed soil with different types of coal gangue filling were studied,the contents of Cu,Pb,Zn,Sn,Hg,Cd and Cr were determined,and the distribution characteristics of the trace elements in the coal gangue and different organs of the maize were analyzed.The results showed that the contents of trace elements were the highest in washed gangue and the least in coarse gangue in the gangue used for the reclamation,and there were significant differences in the enrichment ability of trace elements in different organs of maizes that were planted in reclamation land,of which fruit was weaker than other organs,while leaf presented strong absorption ability.
文摘To our knowledge this is the first report to provide a detailed description of surgical procedure for adhesiolysis and hepatectomy in patients who have undergone esophagectomy and reconstruction. We performed a hepatic resection of the left medial segment in a patient with a reconstructed stomach tube after esophagectomy for the esophageal carcinoma. The reconstructed stomach tube overlapped with the left medial segment of the liver and the hepatoduodenal ligament and was extensively and strongly adhered to them. It is important for clinicians to know how to perform the detachment procedure successfully in order to secure a surgical field for liver resection without damaging the fragile reconstructed gastric</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> tube. In order to avoid vascular injury of the stomach tube, it was decided that detachment around the hepatoduodenal ligament preceded detachment of the stomach tube from the liver. After complete separation of the hepatoduodenal ligament from the stomach tube, the hepatoduodenal ligament was encircled with tape. Subsequently, adhesiolysis was performed between the stomach tube </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">and the liver. Finally, parenchymal transection was performed using the intermittent hepatic inflow occlusion and crush clamping techniques to dissect the parenchyma. The patient was discharged two weeks after surgery without complication.
文摘Cosmetic safety evaluation employs a series of toxicological tests, on both qualitative and quantitative levels, to assess the potential risks for the daily use of selected cosmetic ingredients and final products. Traditionally, safety evaluation of cosmetics uses animal tests. With the development of in vitro science and the 3R （Reduction, Replacement and Refinement） principle, three-dimensional reconstructed human epidermis （3D-RHE） models have been developed and widely applied in cosmetic safety evaluation. Reconstructed human skin models possess anatomy and metabolism biology similar to real human tissue. This paper reviews the current application of 3D-RHE models in the safety evaluation of skin irritation, eye irritation, phototoxicity and genotoxicity potential of cosmetic ingredients/formulas. The advantages and disadvantages of using skin models are also discussed, and comments and suggestions are given for its future development.
