Saccharides are a sort of ubiquitous and vital molecules within the whole life.However,the application of saccharides analysis with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry(MALDI-MS)is restricted ...Saccharides are a sort of ubiquitous and vital molecules within the whole life.However,the application of saccharides analysis with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry(MALDI-MS)is restricted by their low ionization efficiency and the instability of the sialic acid fraction.Derivatization strategy based on nonreductive amination provides a good solution,however,this is often time consuming and may result in sample loss due to removal of excessive derivatization reagents.Herein,hydralazine(HZN)was utilized as a reactive matrix for labeling reducing saccharides directly on MALDI target which eliminated tedious sample preparation and avoided sample loss.After optimization,effective and reproducible on-MALDI-target derivatization of neutral and acidic saccharides was achieved in both positive and negative modes.Compared with 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid(DHB)and 9-aminoacridine(9-AA),HZN improved the detection sensitivity of reducing saccharides and provided more abundant fragment ions in MS/MS analysis.Moreover,26 kinds of neutral glycans and 5 kinds of sialic glycans were identified from ovalbumin(OVA)and bovine fetuin,respectively.Combined with the statistical models,this strategy could be used to distinguish and predict samples of 6 brands of beer,and discriminate 2 kinds of beer fermentation modes.In addition,HZN was applied for quantitative analysis of glucose in urine samples,and the obtained urine glucose concentrations of diabetic patients were consistent with the clinical test results,showing the potential of qualitative and quantitative analysis of reducing saccharides in complex samples.展开更多
Historically,ground calcined aluminas were the first high-alumina matrix products that were used in refractory formulations, in both shaped and unshaped products. At that time the flow properties of castables were enh...Historically,ground calcined aluminas were the first high-alumina matrix products that were used in refractory formulations, in both shaped and unshaped products. At that time the flow properties of castables were enhanced by the use of silica fume. This was followed later by the development of fully ground reactive aluminas which contributed to the design of the matrix below 63 μm. In addition to aggregate fines,a range of bi-modal and multi-modal reactive aluminas were also developed. These not only gave improved physical properties but also better castable workability. This paper reviews matrix alumina developments over time,from basic ground calcines to complex multi-modal matrix products and their globally standardised manufacture.展开更多
Two types of alumina dispersion-strengthened copper（ADSC） alloys were fabricated by a novel in-situ reactive synthesis（IRS） and a traditional internal oxidation（IO） process. The features of alumina dispersoids i...Two types of alumina dispersion-strengthened copper（ADSC） alloys were fabricated by a novel in-situ reactive synthesis（IRS） and a traditional internal oxidation（IO） process. The features of alumina dispersoids in these ADSC alloys were investigated by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. It is found that nano-sized γ-Al2O3 particles of approximately 10 nm in diameter are homogeneously distributed in the IRS-ADSC composites. Meanwhile, larger-sized, mixed crystal structure alumina with rod-shaped morphology is embedded in the IO-ADSC alloy. The IRS-ADSC composites can obtain better mechanical and physical properties than the IO-ADSC composites; the tensile strength of the IRS-ADSC alloy can reach 570 MPa at room temperature, its electrical conductivity is 85% IACS, and the Rockwell hardness can reach 86 HRB.展开更多
基金supported by a grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22274021,21974021 and 22036001)the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(No.2022J01535)the Major Project of Science and Technology of Fujian Province(No.2020HZ06006)。
文摘Saccharides are a sort of ubiquitous and vital molecules within the whole life.However,the application of saccharides analysis with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry(MALDI-MS)is restricted by their low ionization efficiency and the instability of the sialic acid fraction.Derivatization strategy based on nonreductive amination provides a good solution,however,this is often time consuming and may result in sample loss due to removal of excessive derivatization reagents.Herein,hydralazine(HZN)was utilized as a reactive matrix for labeling reducing saccharides directly on MALDI target which eliminated tedious sample preparation and avoided sample loss.After optimization,effective and reproducible on-MALDI-target derivatization of neutral and acidic saccharides was achieved in both positive and negative modes.Compared with 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid(DHB)and 9-aminoacridine(9-AA),HZN improved the detection sensitivity of reducing saccharides and provided more abundant fragment ions in MS/MS analysis.Moreover,26 kinds of neutral glycans and 5 kinds of sialic glycans were identified from ovalbumin(OVA)and bovine fetuin,respectively.Combined with the statistical models,this strategy could be used to distinguish and predict samples of 6 brands of beer,and discriminate 2 kinds of beer fermentation modes.In addition,HZN was applied for quantitative analysis of glucose in urine samples,and the obtained urine glucose concentrations of diabetic patients were consistent with the clinical test results,showing the potential of qualitative and quantitative analysis of reducing saccharides in complex samples.
文摘Historically,ground calcined aluminas were the first high-alumina matrix products that were used in refractory formulations, in both shaped and unshaped products. At that time the flow properties of castables were enhanced by the use of silica fume. This was followed later by the development of fully ground reactive aluminas which contributed to the design of the matrix below 63 μm. In addition to aggregate fines,a range of bi-modal and multi-modal reactive aluminas were also developed. These not only gave improved physical properties but also better castable workability. This paper reviews matrix alumina developments over time,from basic ground calcines to complex multi-modal matrix products and their globally standardised manufacture.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NO.51464013)the Dr.Initialization Fund of Jiangxi University of Science and Technology(No.jxxjbs14013)
文摘Two types of alumina dispersion-strengthened copper（ADSC） alloys were fabricated by a novel in-situ reactive synthesis（IRS） and a traditional internal oxidation（IO） process. The features of alumina dispersoids in these ADSC alloys were investigated by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. It is found that nano-sized γ-Al2O3 particles of approximately 10 nm in diameter are homogeneously distributed in the IRS-ADSC composites. Meanwhile, larger-sized, mixed crystal structure alumina with rod-shaped morphology is embedded in the IO-ADSC alloy. The IRS-ADSC composites can obtain better mechanical and physical properties than the IO-ADSC composites; the tensile strength of the IRS-ADSC alloy can reach 570 MPa at room temperature, its electrical conductivity is 85% IACS, and the Rockwell hardness can reach 86 HRB.
