The theory of passive localization for underwater sources based on acoustic ray channel modeling is discussed. The principles of channel modeling in Ray-theory, determination of eigenrays which connect source and rece...The theory of passive localization for underwater sources based on acoustic ray channel modeling is discussed. The principles of channel modeling in Ray-theory, determination of eigenrays which connect source and receiver, analysis of DOA arriving structure and time delay spectrum arriving structure, their relationship to source location are given in the paper. Source location is estimated by matching measured DOA and TDS to their calculated counterparts. The method of Ray-theory based passive localization features its simplicity, less calculation, short array aperture and robust performance to environment parameters, as compared with those methods based on Normal Mode theory.展开更多
This paper addresses the probability of atmospheric refractivity estimation by using field measurements at an array of radio receivers in terms of angle-of-arrival spectrum. Angle-of-arrival spectrum information is si...This paper addresses the probability of atmospheric refractivity estimation by using field measurements at an array of radio receivers in terms of angle-of-arrival spectrum. Angle-of-arrival spectrum information is simulated by the ray optics model and refractivity is expressed in the presence of an ideal tri-linear profile. The estimation of the refractivity is organized as an optimization problem and a genetic Mgorithm is used to search for the optimal solution from various trial refractivity profiles. Theoretical analysis demonstrates the feasibility of this method to retrieve the refractivity parameters. Simulation results indicate that this approach has a fair anti-noise ability and its accuracy performance is mainly dependent on the antenna aperture size and its positions.展开更多
Geometrical optics and the Monte Carlo method are very flexible in dealing with the interaction of light with non-spherical particles, but usually diffraction is not considered. To cover this gap, the Heisenberg Uncer...Geometrical optics and the Monte Carlo method are very flexible in dealing with the interaction of light with non-spherical particles, but usually diffraction is not considered. To cover this gap, the Heisenberg Uncertainty Monte Carlo （HUMC） model is applied to calculate separately the diffraction of a ray or a photon. In this paper, we report an improvement of the HUMC model by specifying the phase of the photon subject to the Fraunhofer diffraction condition. After validating the model by comparing its results with analytical results for apertures of simple shapes, the HUMC model is then applied in simulations of Fraunhofer diffraction by apertures of complex shapes, such as those composed of one or two elliptical openings. We have shown that the diffracted intensity distributions of simple apertures obtained by the HUMC model are in good agreement with the results calculated from analytical expressions. The simulations of diffraction by apertures composed of two square or elliptical openings prove that the HUMC model is a powerful and flexible too] for predicting the Fraunhofer diffraction by a complex optical system.展开更多
Roller bearings support heavy loads by riding on an ultra-thin oil film(between the roller and raceway),the thickness of which is critical as it reflects the lubrication performance.Ultrasonic interfacial reflection,w...Roller bearings support heavy loads by riding on an ultra-thin oil film(between the roller and raceway),the thickness of which is critical as it reflects the lubrication performance.Ultrasonic interfacial reflection,which facilitates the non-destructive measurement of oil-film thickness,has been widely studied.However,insufficient spatial resolution around the rolling line contact zone remains a barrier despite the use of miniature piezoelectric transducers.In this study,a finite-element-aided method is utilized to simulate wave propagation through a three-layered structure of roller-oil-raceway under elastohydrodynamic lubrication(EHL)with nonlinear characteristics of the i)deformed curvature of the cylindrical roller and ii)nonuniform distribution of the fluid bulk modulus along the circumference of the oil layer being considered.A load and speed-dependent look-up table is then developed to establish an accurate relationship between the overall reflection coefficient(directly measured by an embedded ultrasonic transducer)and objective variable of the central oil-film thickness.The proposed finite-element-aided method is verified experimentally in a rollerraceway test rig with the ultrasonically measured oil-flm thickness corresponding to the values calculated using the EHLtheory.展开更多
文摘The theory of passive localization for underwater sources based on acoustic ray channel modeling is discussed. The principles of channel modeling in Ray-theory, determination of eigenrays which connect source and receiver, analysis of DOA arriving structure and time delay spectrum arriving structure, their relationship to source location are given in the paper. Source location is estimated by matching measured DOA and TDS to their calculated counterparts. The method of Ray-theory based passive localization features its simplicity, less calculation, short array aperture and robust performance to environment parameters, as compared with those methods based on Normal Mode theory.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 40775023)
文摘This paper addresses the probability of atmospheric refractivity estimation by using field measurements at an array of radio receivers in terms of angle-of-arrival spectrum. Angle-of-arrival spectrum information is simulated by the ray optics model and refractivity is expressed in the presence of an ideal tri-linear profile. The estimation of the refractivity is organized as an optimization problem and a genetic Mgorithm is used to search for the optimal solution from various trial refractivity profiles. Theoretical analysis demonstrates the feasibility of this method to retrieve the refractivity parameters. Simulation results indicate that this approach has a fair anti-noise ability and its accuracy performance is mainly dependent on the antenna aperture size and its positions.
文摘Geometrical optics and the Monte Carlo method are very flexible in dealing with the interaction of light with non-spherical particles, but usually diffraction is not considered. To cover this gap, the Heisenberg Uncertainty Monte Carlo （HUMC） model is applied to calculate separately the diffraction of a ray or a photon. In this paper, we report an improvement of the HUMC model by specifying the phase of the photon subject to the Fraunhofer diffraction condition. After validating the model by comparing its results with analytical results for apertures of simple shapes, the HUMC model is then applied in simulations of Fraunhofer diffraction by apertures of complex shapes, such as those composed of one or two elliptical openings. We have shown that the diffracted intensity distributions of simple apertures obtained by the HUMC model are in good agreement with the results calculated from analytical expressions. The simulations of diffraction by apertures composed of two square or elliptical openings prove that the HUMC model is a powerful and flexible too] for predicting the Fraunhofer diffraction by a complex optical system.
文摘Roller bearings support heavy loads by riding on an ultra-thin oil film(between the roller and raceway),the thickness of which is critical as it reflects the lubrication performance.Ultrasonic interfacial reflection,which facilitates the non-destructive measurement of oil-film thickness,has been widely studied.However,insufficient spatial resolution around the rolling line contact zone remains a barrier despite the use of miniature piezoelectric transducers.In this study,a finite-element-aided method is utilized to simulate wave propagation through a three-layered structure of roller-oil-raceway under elastohydrodynamic lubrication(EHL)with nonlinear characteristics of the i)deformed curvature of the cylindrical roller and ii)nonuniform distribution of the fluid bulk modulus along the circumference of the oil layer being considered.A load and speed-dependent look-up table is then developed to establish an accurate relationship between the overall reflection coefficient(directly measured by an embedded ultrasonic transducer)and objective variable of the central oil-film thickness.The proposed finite-element-aided method is verified experimentally in a rollerraceway test rig with the ultrasonically measured oil-flm thickness corresponding to the values calculated using the EHLtheory.
