Let X be a closed simply connected rationally elliptic 4-manifold.The rational homotopy type of homotopy fixed point sets X^(hS^(1))is determined,and based on some relations between X^(hS^(1))and X^(S^(1)),the rationa...Let X be a closed simply connected rationally elliptic 4-manifold.The rational homotopy type of homotopy fixed point sets X^(hS^(1))is determined,and based on some relations between X^(hS^(1))and X^(S^(1)),the rational homotopy type of the fixed point set X^(S^(1))is determined.展开更多
The wheel-rail dynamic load(WRL)and its vibration energy transfer(VET)are foundational for studying ballastless track dynamics in high-speed railways.In this study,the higher-order modal parameters of track beds with ...The wheel-rail dynamic load(WRL)and its vibration energy transfer(VET)are foundational for studying ballastless track dynamics in high-speed railways.In this study,the higher-order modal parameters of track beds with different isolating layers were identified experimentally and a vehicle-track coupled dynamic model considering track bed broadband vibrations(TBBVs)was established.The WRL and its VET were investigated,and the contribution law as well as the influence mechanism of TBBVs on them was determined.The results showed the WRL and track bed vibration energy exhibited significant resonances,with more prominent high-frequency resonance peaks in the track bed vibration energy.TBBVs had a significant effect on low-frequency WRLs,and markedly influenced the VET across various frequency bands.Intense low-frequency and weak high-frequency intermodulation effects between the wheel-rail and track beds were observed.The effect of track bed vibrations can be disregarded when focusing on high-frequency WRLs above 200 Hz.Variations in the isolating layer stiffness have more significant effects on the track bed vibration energy than the WRL.Rational stiffness of the isolating layer should be selected to avoid mode-coupling resonance from track beds to the wheel-rail subsystem.展开更多
In the successive rise of the metaverse and artificial intelligence(AI),rationalism and emotionalism have consistently manifested as symptoms of modernity throughout their developmental trajectories.This paper argues ...In the successive rise of the metaverse and artificial intelligence(AI),rationalism and emotionalism have consistently manifested as symptoms of modernity throughout their developmental trajectories.This paper argues that the achievements and crises of both fields signify the triumph of rationalism in the context of deepening modernity,while simultaneously harboring an intrinsic impetus and possibility for transitioning from rationalism to emotionalism.This dynamic serves as a quintessential representation of modernity’s crises and their transcendence.Centered on embodied cognitive science,AI and the metaverse—rooted in rationalism—now face challenges in shifting toward emotionalism,revealing their inadequacy in addressing this shift.Humanity must explore new modernity-deepening paradigms grounded in emotionalism to confront and transcend the potential crises posed by the metaverse and AI.展开更多
Background:Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio(NLR)and platelet-lymphocyte ration(PLR)have been shown to contribute to tumour progression and response to therapy.Methods:We retrospectively counted NLR and PLR in 719 patients ...Background:Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio(NLR)and platelet-lymphocyte ration(PLR)have been shown to contribute to tumour progression and response to therapy.Methods:We retrospectively counted NLR and PLR in 719 patients with advanced malignancies receiving chemo-and/or immuno-therapy.Results:Both the pretreatment NLR and PLR were significantly elevated in patients with progressive disease than in those without progressive disease.Compared to low groups,the high NLR and PLR groups showed significantly worse event free survival.Conclusion:We propose that NLR and PLR are not only effective blood markers for predicting therapeutic responses to chemo-and/or immuno-therapy,but also useful in detecting survival in diverse malignancies.展开更多
Heparin,a glycosaminoglycan,is a stable source of carbon that supports the growth of microorganisms in the human intestine.It is also a commonly used anticoagulant drug in clinical practice,with significant therapeuti...Heparin,a glycosaminoglycan,is a stable source of carbon that supports the growth of microorganisms in the human intestine.It is also a commonly used anticoagulant drug in clinical practice,with significant therapeutic effects.Low molecular weight heparin(LMWH)is a highly active low molecular weight fragment obtained via enzymatic reaction or the chemical degradation of heparin.LMWH has been applied globally in the prevention and treatment of venous thromboembolism in thrombosis patients.Simultaneously,as a potential prebiotic,because of its low molecular weight,LMWH can be well degraded by the gut microbiota to maintain intestinal balance.Enzymatic heparin degradation has recently emerged as a viable disposal method for LMWH preparation;however,only very few benchmark enzymes have been thoroughly described and subjected to protein engineering to improve their properties over the past few years.The commercialization of enzymes will require the development of robustly engineered enzymes that meet the demands of industrial processes.Herein,we report a rational protein engineering strategy that includes molecular dynamic simulations of flexible amino acid mutations and disulfide bond screening.Several Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron heparanase I(Bt-HepI)mutants were obtained and screened for high thermal stability.We obtained the Bt-HepI^(D204C/K208C/H189W/Q198R)variant,which features a stabilized protein surface structure,with a 1.3-fold increase in catalytic constant/michaelis-menten constant(k_(cat)/K_(m)),a 2.44-fold increase in thermal stability at 50℃,and a 1.8-fold decrease in the average molecular weight of LMWH produced at 40℃compared with that seen with Bt-HepI^(WT).Our study establishes a strategy to engineer thermostable HepI to underpin its industrial applications.展开更多
Objective:To analyze the positive impact of pharmaceutical care in the ophthalmology perioperative period on the rational use of antibiotics.Methods:A total of 115 patients who underwent ophthalmological surgery betwe...Objective:To analyze the positive impact of pharmaceutical care in the ophthalmology perioperative period on the rational use of antibiotics.Methods:A total of 115 patients who underwent ophthalmological surgery between March and June 2023 were selected as the control group,receiving routine medication management.Another 115 patients who underwent ophthalmological surgery between July and October 2023 were selected as the observation group,receiving pharmaceutical care.The rationality of medication use,mastery of medication knowledge,medication compliance,and adverse reaction rates were compared between the two groups.Results:The observation group had higher rationality of medication use,higher scores for mastery of medication knowledge,higher medication compliance,and a lower adverse reaction rate compared to the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:The combination of antibiotic therapy and pharmaceutical care in the ophthalmology perioperative period can improve the rationality of medication use,enhance patients’mastery of medication knowledge,increase their medication compliance,and prevent adverse reactions to antibiotics.展开更多
Objective To establish a drug use evaluation(DUE)standard for meropenem in a tertiary medical institution in Beijing,and to analyze the use of meropenem for promoting the rational use of antibiotics.Methods A criteria...Objective To establish a drug use evaluation(DUE)standard for meropenem in a tertiary medical institution in Beijing,and to analyze the use of meropenem for promoting the rational use of antibiotics.Methods A criteria of DUE of meropenem was established based on drug instructions,related guidelines and experts’opinions.Then,120 cases of meropenem use from January to December 2021 were selected to carry out a retrospective study.Results and Conclusion 120 cases of meropenem use involved 8 clinical departments,including 38 cases in the Department of Respiratory Medicine,25 cases in the Department of Tuberculosis,and 20 cases in the Department of Gastroenterology.The detection rate of pathogenic microorganisms before first use was 79.17%,and the clinical treatment effectiveness rate was 81.67%.The irrational use of meropenem included poor grasp of usage indications,excessively high starting points,inappropriate usage and dosage,non-standard treatment courses,and excessive combination medication.Pharmacists should strengthen the monitoring and evaluation of carbapenem drugs such as meropenem,provide timely feedback on relevant situations,and promote rational clinical medication.展开更多
Objective:To analyze the effect of pharmacist-led rational drug use management of antibiotics during the perioperative period in gynecology.Methods:Two hundred patients who underwent gynecological surgery between Marc...Objective:To analyze the effect of pharmacist-led rational drug use management of antibiotics during the perioperative period in gynecology.Methods:Two hundred patients who underwent gynecological surgery between March 2023 and December 2023 were selected and randomly divided into two groups.In the experimental group,the pharmacist led the medication management during the perioperative use of antibiotics,while the control group received routine antibiotic management.The management effects were compared between the two groups.Results:The irrational drug use rate,the incidence of adverse drug reactions,the cost of antibiotics,and the incidence of postoperative infection were all lower in the experimental group compared to the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Implementing pharmacist-led medication management during the perioperative period of gynecological surgery can prevent irrational drug use,reduce adverse drug reactions,control drug costs,and lower the risk of postoperative infection.展开更多
Objective:To explore the intervention value of the medical institution prescription review mechanism on the rationality of Western medicine use.Methods:A total of 159 patients(with 159 western medicine prescriptions)a...Objective:To explore the intervention value of the medical institution prescription review mechanism on the rationality of Western medicine use.Methods:A total of 159 patients(with 159 western medicine prescriptions)admitted to the hospital from January 2023 to December 2024 were selected and divided into an observation group(n=80,adopting the medical institution prescription review mechanism)and a control group(n=79,without prescription review)based on the random number table method.A comparative analysis was conducted on the work quality of medical personnel,irrational prescription drug use,and prescription drug dispensing situations.Results:The work quality of medical personnel in the observation group was significantly better than that in the control group(P<0.05).The incidence of irrational prescription drug use in the observation group(22.50%)was significantly higher than that in the control group(7.59%)(P<0.05).The observation group had fewer types of prescribed drugs,lower usage rates of injections and antibiotics,and a significantly higher usage rate of national essential drugs compared to the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:The prescription review mechanism can significantly improve the work quality of medical personnel,increase the detection rate of irrational drug use,reduce the types of prescription drugs and the use of injections and antibiotics,and promote the standardized application of national essential drugs,which has important intervention value.展开更多
This paper examines the classic Chinese novel Journey to the West through the lens of rational choice theory,with a particular focus on the logic of cultivation and behavioral decision-making.By incorporating the noti...This paper examines the classic Chinese novel Journey to the West through the lens of rational choice theory,with a particular focus on the logic of cultivation and behavioral decision-making.By incorporating the notion of“inner cultivation”(xin xing xiulian)into the analytical framework,we introduce the concept of the“cultivating economic agent,”aiming to explore how rationality is generated,evolved,and transcended throughout the spiritual journey.The study argues that,in the context of Eastern culture,rationality is not merely an innate or static faculty but one that can be cultivated and transformed.Through textual analysis of the behavioral trajectories of Sun Wukong,Zhu Bajie,and Tang Sanzang,we uncover a structured behavioral logic of“goal orientation–institutional discipline–purification of the mind.”The findings suggest that although cultivation behaviors are not utilitarian decisions per se,they exhibit rational characteristics such as goal stability,autonomous will,and embedded incentives.展开更多
Objective:Irrational medicine consumption practices increase the country's health expenditures and raise public health concerns,challenging sustainable development in multiple ways.The objective of this study is t...Objective:Irrational medicine consumption practices increase the country's health expenditures and raise public health concerns,challenging sustainable development in multiple ways.The objective of this study is to identify the key factors influencing irrational medicine consumption and devise a strategic framework to encourage responsible medicine use.Method:A cross-sectional qualitative descriptive design was used.Study data were collected using semi-structured interviews and analysed using thematic analysis to identify the key factors contributing to irrational medicine consumption.Results:Various factors like cyberchondria coupled with health misinformation,inaccessible healthcare,limited product choices,misleading online pharmacies,and infeasible pharmaceutical regulations act as key drivers of irresponsible medicine consumption.The participants recommended enhancing healthcare access,utilizing technology,promoting health literacy,and updating regulations as strategies to improve responsible medicine use.Against this backdrop,the study proposes a double helix model for responsible consumption of medicines through bilateral efforts from both consumers and the health system.Conclusion:Highlighting the importance of responsible consumption,this paper calls health system actors to action to accelerate the efforts to foster responsible consumption of medicines.展开更多
Objective:To explore the adverse reactions associated with antibiotics and analyze strategies for their rational use.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 60 patients who experienced adverse reactions to a...Objective:To explore the adverse reactions associated with antibiotics and analyze strategies for their rational use.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 60 patients who experienced adverse reactions to antibiotics between August 2021 and August 2023.The types of antibiotics that caused adverse reactions were analyzed,and the symptoms of adverse reactions and measures for rational use of antibiotics were summarized.Results:Among the analyzed cases of adverse reactions to antibiotics,the highest rate was observed in patients aged 61–75 years,accounting for 38.33%,followed by patients aged 51–60 years,accounting for 20.00%.In terms of the types of antibiotics that caused adverse reactions,cephalosporins were the most common,accounting for 40.00%,followed by penicillins,accounting for 18.33%.Analysis of the systems involved in adverse reactions showed that skin and appendage disorders were the most common,accounting for 36.67%,followed by the digestive system,accounting for 28.33%.Conclusion:Irrational use of antibiotics can lead to adverse drug reactions.Therefore,it is necessary to analyze strategies for the rational use of antibiotics to reduce adverse drug reactions and ensure the safety of antibiotic use.展开更多
The high-speed development of space defense technology demands a high state estimation capacity for spacecraft tracking methods.However,reentry flight is accompanied by complex flight environments,which brings to the ...The high-speed development of space defense technology demands a high state estimation capacity for spacecraft tracking methods.However,reentry flight is accompanied by complex flight environments,which brings to the uncertain,complex,and strongly coupled non-Gaussian detection noise.As a result,there are several intractable considerations on the problem of state estimation tasks corrupted by complex non-Gaussian outliers for non-linear dynamics systems in practical application.To address these issues,a new iterated rational quadratic(RQ)kernel high-order unscented Kalman filtering(IRQHUKF)algorithm via capturing the statistics to break through the limitations of the Gaussian assumption is proposed.Firstly,the characteristic analysis of the RQ kernel is investigated in detail,which is the first attempt to carry out an exploration of the heavy-tailed characteristic and the ability on capturing highorder moments of the RQ kernel.Subsequently,the RQ kernel method is first introduced into the UKF algorithm as an error optimization criterion,termed the iterated RQ kernel-UKF(RQ-UKF)algorithm by derived analytically,which not only retains the high-order moments propagation process but also enhances the approximation capacity in the non-Gaussian noise problem for its ability in capturing highorder moments and heavy-tailed characteristics.Meanwhile,to tackle the limitations of the Gaussian distribution assumption in the linearization process of the non-linear systems,the high-order Sigma Points(SP)as a subsidiary role in propagating the state high-order statistics is devised by the moments matching method to improve the RQ-UKF.Finally,to further improve the flexibility of the IRQ-HUKF algorithm in practical application,an adaptive kernel parameter is derived analytically grounded in the Kullback-Leibler divergence(KLD)method and parametric sensitivity analysis of the RQ kernel.The simulation results demonstrate that the novel IRQ-HUKF algorithm is more robust and outperforms the existing advanced UKF with respect to the kernel method in reentry vehicle tracking scenarios under various noise environments.展开更多
Objective:To analyze the application value of artificial intelligence(AI)in the comprehensive service pathway for rational clinical use of western medicines.Methods:A sample of 73 patients undergoing western medicine ...Objective:To analyze the application value of artificial intelligence(AI)in the comprehensive service pathway for rational clinical use of western medicines.Methods:A sample of 73 patients undergoing western medicine treatment from December 2024 to March 2025 was selected and divided into groups by lottery.Group A received AI-assisted management for rational clinical use of western medicines,while Group B received conventional management.Thirty-six patients taking oral western medicines were included in Group B.Results:Group A outperformed Group B in terms of the irrationality rate of western medicine usage,drug management scores,adverse reaction rates,complaint rates,and satisfaction levels,with p<0.05.Conclusion:AI-assisted rational clinical use of western medicines enhances drug management quality,reduces the irrationality rate of medication usage,and decreases complaint rates related to western medicine usage.展开更多
Objective:To analyze the application value of prescription management of traditional Chinese medicine formula granules in reducing unreasonable prescriptions.Methods:From January to June 2024,before improving prescrip...Objective:To analyze the application value of prescription management of traditional Chinese medicine formula granules in reducing unreasonable prescriptions.Methods:From January to June 2024,before improving prescription management strategies,118 patients treated with traditional Chinese medicine formula granules were included in the control group.From July to December 2024,after improving prescription management strategies,118 patients treated with traditional Chinese medicine formula granules were included in the observation group.The unqualified prescription rate,incidence of adverse reactions,complaint rate,and satisfaction were compared.Results:The unqualified prescription rate of traditional Chinese medicine formula granules in the observation group was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05);the incidence of adverse reactions and patient complaint rate of traditional Chinese medicine formula granules in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05);the satisfaction of traditional Chinese medicine formula granules in the observation group was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Improving the prescription management strategy of traditional Chinese medicine formula granules can reduce the unqualified prescription rate and the incidence of adverse drug reactions,reduce patient complaints,and is conducive to improving patient satisfaction.展开更多
The growth of multicellular organisms is directly related to cell proliferation through the cell cycle, in which a single cell grows and divides to produce two daughter cells. This process leads to an exponential incr...The growth of multicellular organisms is directly related to cell proliferation through the cell cycle, in which a single cell grows and divides to produce two daughter cells. This process leads to an exponential increase in cell number and serves as a rapid mechanism for tissue growth. In this article, we aim to establish a connection between cell proliferation and surreal numbers, demonstrating that dyadic rational numbers emerging from surreal number theory may be related to growing cell numbers.展开更多
The importance of conducting in-depth research and education on value rationality in the new era is increasingly recognized.Therefore,it is essential to systematically grasp the themes,frontiers,and trends of research...The importance of conducting in-depth research and education on value rationality in the new era is increasingly recognized.Therefore,it is essential to systematically grasp the themes,frontiers,and trends of research in this field,organizing the knowledge system to provide references for future studies.This necessitates clarifying the research achievements of scholars from different disciplines and institutions.Using the CiteSpace visualization analysis method,we can analyze,summarize,and synthesize research networks,hotspots,and knowledge structures,thereby forming a direction for advancing research.Through literature review methods and knowledge graph software analysis,it is believed that value rationality and instrumental rationality represent the rational attitudes individuals adopt when contemplating issues and putting them into practice.They are merely methods and should not be subjected to excessive value judgments.The relationship between value rationality and instrumental rationality is a focal point of societal concern,involving complex interdisciplinary issues with significant theoretical value and practical implications.In the future,the academic community needs to strengthen research collaboration,enhance the expansion of value rationality in various social practice fields,and conduct empirical studies to build consensus for the construction of Chinese society.展开更多
Recently,metal selenides have obtained widespread attention as electrode materials for alkali(Li^(+)/Na^(+)/K^(+))batteries due to their promising theoretical capacity and mechanism.Nevertheless,metal selenides,simila...Recently,metal selenides have obtained widespread attention as electrode materials for alkali(Li^(+)/Na^(+)/K^(+))batteries due to their promising theoretical capacity and mechanism.Nevertheless,metal selenides,similar to metal oxides and sulfides,also suffer from severe volume explosion during repeated charge/discharge processes,which results in the structure collapse and the following pulverization of electrode materials.Hence,it leads to poor cycle stability and influencing their further application.In order to solve these issues,some special strategies,including elemental doping,coupling with carbon materials,synthesis of the bimetal selenides with heterostructure,etc.,have been gradually applied to design novel electrode materials with outstanding electrochemical performance.Herein,the recent research progress on metal selenides as anodes for alkali ion batteries is summarized,including the regulation of crystal structure,synthesis strategies,modification methods,and electrochemical mechanisms and kinetics.Besides,the challenges of metal selenides and the perspective for future electrode material design are proposed.It is hoped to pave a way for the development of metal selenide electrode materials for the potential applications for alkali metal ion(Li^(+)/Na^(+)/K^(+))batteries.展开更多
A 61-kb biosynthetic gene cluster(BGC),which is accountable for the biosynthesis of hibarimicin(HBM)B from Microbispora rosea subsp.hibaria TP-A0121,was heterologously expressed in Streptomyces coelicolor M1154,which ...A 61-kb biosynthetic gene cluster(BGC),which is accountable for the biosynthesis of hibarimicin(HBM)B from Microbispora rosea subsp.hibaria TP-A0121,was heterologously expressed in Streptomyces coelicolor M1154,which generated a trace of the target products but accumulated a large amount of shunt products.Based on rational analysis of the relevant secondary metabolism,directed engineering of the biosynthetic pathways resulted in the high production of HBM B,as well as new HBM derivates with improved antitumor activity.These results not only establish a biosynthetic system to effectively synthesize HBMs-a class of the largest and most complex Type-Ⅱpolyketides,with a unique pseudo-dimeric structure-but also set the stage for further engineering and deep investigation of this complex biosynthetic pathway toward potent anticancer drugs.展开更多
Artificial macrocycle with high binding selectivity in water is often challenging but urgently needed in various research and application areas.Herein,we report a new water-soluble biomimetic tetralactam macrocycle an...Artificial macrocycle with high binding selectivity in water is often challenging but urgently needed in various research and application areas.Herein,we report a new water-soluble biomimetic tetralactam macrocycle and realize the ultra-high selectivity to nucleosides over corresponding monophosphate nucleotides by rational modification.The introduction of charged groups at the periphery of endofunctionalized cavity makes the selectivity(guanosine to guanosine 5-monophosphate)increase remarkably from 100 to 1119.Based on the ultra-high selectivity of biomimetic tetralactam macrocycle,the sensitive CD73 enzyme activity assay was then achieved through product-selective fluorescence indicator displacement assay.Furthermore,the capability of the proposed method for inhibitor screening was successfully displayed.展开更多
文摘Let X be a closed simply connected rationally elliptic 4-manifold.The rational homotopy type of homotopy fixed point sets X^(hS^(1))is determined,and based on some relations between X^(hS^(1))and X^(S^(1)),the rational homotopy type of the fixed point set X^(S^(1))is determined.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52308468)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2022M723390)the Jiangsu Provincial Excellent Postdoctoral Program(No.2023ZB020),China.
文摘The wheel-rail dynamic load(WRL)and its vibration energy transfer(VET)are foundational for studying ballastless track dynamics in high-speed railways.In this study,the higher-order modal parameters of track beds with different isolating layers were identified experimentally and a vehicle-track coupled dynamic model considering track bed broadband vibrations(TBBVs)was established.The WRL and its VET were investigated,and the contribution law as well as the influence mechanism of TBBVs on them was determined.The results showed the WRL and track bed vibration energy exhibited significant resonances,with more prominent high-frequency resonance peaks in the track bed vibration energy.TBBVs had a significant effect on low-frequency WRLs,and markedly influenced the VET across various frequency bands.Intense low-frequency and weak high-frequency intermodulation effects between the wheel-rail and track beds were observed.The effect of track bed vibrations can be disregarded when focusing on high-frequency WRLs above 200 Hz.Variations in the isolating layer stiffness have more significant effects on the track bed vibration energy than the WRL.Rational stiffness of the isolating layer should be selected to avoid mode-coupling resonance from track beds to the wheel-rail subsystem.
基金supported by the China Metaverse and Digital Talent Development Initiative and the general project of the National Social Science Foundation of China titled“Theoretical Interpretation of Advertising Messaging and the Development of a Typical Case Database”(19BXW085).
文摘In the successive rise of the metaverse and artificial intelligence(AI),rationalism and emotionalism have consistently manifested as symptoms of modernity throughout their developmental trajectories.This paper argues that the achievements and crises of both fields signify the triumph of rationalism in the context of deepening modernity,while simultaneously harboring an intrinsic impetus and possibility for transitioning from rationalism to emotionalism.This dynamic serves as a quintessential representation of modernity’s crises and their transcendence.Centered on embodied cognitive science,AI and the metaverse—rooted in rationalism—now face challenges in shifting toward emotionalism,revealing their inadequacy in addressing this shift.Humanity must explore new modernity-deepening paradigms grounded in emotionalism to confront and transcend the potential crises posed by the metaverse and AI.
基金supported by the project of Young Technical Talents of Tianjin Medical University General Hospital(GG-2021-08).
文摘Background:Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio(NLR)and platelet-lymphocyte ration(PLR)have been shown to contribute to tumour progression and response to therapy.Methods:We retrospectively counted NLR and PLR in 719 patients with advanced malignancies receiving chemo-and/or immuno-therapy.Results:Both the pretreatment NLR and PLR were significantly elevated in patients with progressive disease than in those without progressive disease.Compared to low groups,the high NLR and PLR groups showed significantly worse event free survival.Conclusion:We propose that NLR and PLR are not only effective blood markers for predicting therapeutic responses to chemo-and/or immuno-therapy,but also useful in detecting survival in diverse malignancies.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BE2021623,BK20220155)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BE2021623)+4 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(32001665,U1903205,32021005)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YF0400303)the Key Scientific and Technological Research Projects in the Key Areas of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps(2018AB010)the Key Research and Development 303 Program of Ningxia(2020BFG02012)Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province。
文摘Heparin,a glycosaminoglycan,is a stable source of carbon that supports the growth of microorganisms in the human intestine.It is also a commonly used anticoagulant drug in clinical practice,with significant therapeutic effects.Low molecular weight heparin(LMWH)is a highly active low molecular weight fragment obtained via enzymatic reaction or the chemical degradation of heparin.LMWH has been applied globally in the prevention and treatment of venous thromboembolism in thrombosis patients.Simultaneously,as a potential prebiotic,because of its low molecular weight,LMWH can be well degraded by the gut microbiota to maintain intestinal balance.Enzymatic heparin degradation has recently emerged as a viable disposal method for LMWH preparation;however,only very few benchmark enzymes have been thoroughly described and subjected to protein engineering to improve their properties over the past few years.The commercialization of enzymes will require the development of robustly engineered enzymes that meet the demands of industrial processes.Herein,we report a rational protein engineering strategy that includes molecular dynamic simulations of flexible amino acid mutations and disulfide bond screening.Several Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron heparanase I(Bt-HepI)mutants were obtained and screened for high thermal stability.We obtained the Bt-HepI^(D204C/K208C/H189W/Q198R)variant,which features a stabilized protein surface structure,with a 1.3-fold increase in catalytic constant/michaelis-menten constant(k_(cat)/K_(m)),a 2.44-fold increase in thermal stability at 50℃,and a 1.8-fold decrease in the average molecular weight of LMWH produced at 40℃compared with that seen with Bt-HepI^(WT).Our study establishes a strategy to engineer thermostable HepI to underpin its industrial applications.
文摘Objective:To analyze the positive impact of pharmaceutical care in the ophthalmology perioperative period on the rational use of antibiotics.Methods:A total of 115 patients who underwent ophthalmological surgery between March and June 2023 were selected as the control group,receiving routine medication management.Another 115 patients who underwent ophthalmological surgery between July and October 2023 were selected as the observation group,receiving pharmaceutical care.The rationality of medication use,mastery of medication knowledge,medication compliance,and adverse reaction rates were compared between the two groups.Results:The observation group had higher rationality of medication use,higher scores for mastery of medication knowledge,higher medication compliance,and a lower adverse reaction rate compared to the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:The combination of antibiotic therapy and pharmaceutical care in the ophthalmology perioperative period can improve the rationality of medication use,enhance patients’mastery of medication knowledge,increase their medication compliance,and prevent adverse reactions to antibiotics.
文摘Objective To establish a drug use evaluation(DUE)standard for meropenem in a tertiary medical institution in Beijing,and to analyze the use of meropenem for promoting the rational use of antibiotics.Methods A criteria of DUE of meropenem was established based on drug instructions,related guidelines and experts’opinions.Then,120 cases of meropenem use from January to December 2021 were selected to carry out a retrospective study.Results and Conclusion 120 cases of meropenem use involved 8 clinical departments,including 38 cases in the Department of Respiratory Medicine,25 cases in the Department of Tuberculosis,and 20 cases in the Department of Gastroenterology.The detection rate of pathogenic microorganisms before first use was 79.17%,and the clinical treatment effectiveness rate was 81.67%.The irrational use of meropenem included poor grasp of usage indications,excessively high starting points,inappropriate usage and dosage,non-standard treatment courses,and excessive combination medication.Pharmacists should strengthen the monitoring and evaluation of carbapenem drugs such as meropenem,provide timely feedback on relevant situations,and promote rational clinical medication.
文摘Objective:To analyze the effect of pharmacist-led rational drug use management of antibiotics during the perioperative period in gynecology.Methods:Two hundred patients who underwent gynecological surgery between March 2023 and December 2023 were selected and randomly divided into two groups.In the experimental group,the pharmacist led the medication management during the perioperative use of antibiotics,while the control group received routine antibiotic management.The management effects were compared between the two groups.Results:The irrational drug use rate,the incidence of adverse drug reactions,the cost of antibiotics,and the incidence of postoperative infection were all lower in the experimental group compared to the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Implementing pharmacist-led medication management during the perioperative period of gynecological surgery can prevent irrational drug use,reduce adverse drug reactions,control drug costs,and lower the risk of postoperative infection.
文摘Objective:To explore the intervention value of the medical institution prescription review mechanism on the rationality of Western medicine use.Methods:A total of 159 patients(with 159 western medicine prescriptions)admitted to the hospital from January 2023 to December 2024 were selected and divided into an observation group(n=80,adopting the medical institution prescription review mechanism)and a control group(n=79,without prescription review)based on the random number table method.A comparative analysis was conducted on the work quality of medical personnel,irrational prescription drug use,and prescription drug dispensing situations.Results:The work quality of medical personnel in the observation group was significantly better than that in the control group(P<0.05).The incidence of irrational prescription drug use in the observation group(22.50%)was significantly higher than that in the control group(7.59%)(P<0.05).The observation group had fewer types of prescribed drugs,lower usage rates of injections and antibiotics,and a significantly higher usage rate of national essential drugs compared to the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:The prescription review mechanism can significantly improve the work quality of medical personnel,increase the detection rate of irrational drug use,reduce the types of prescription drugs and the use of injections and antibiotics,and promote the standardized application of national essential drugs,which has important intervention value.
文摘This paper examines the classic Chinese novel Journey to the West through the lens of rational choice theory,with a particular focus on the logic of cultivation and behavioral decision-making.By incorporating the notion of“inner cultivation”(xin xing xiulian)into the analytical framework,we introduce the concept of the“cultivating economic agent,”aiming to explore how rationality is generated,evolved,and transcended throughout the spiritual journey.The study argues that,in the context of Eastern culture,rationality is not merely an innate or static faculty but one that can be cultivated and transformed.Through textual analysis of the behavioral trajectories of Sun Wukong,Zhu Bajie,and Tang Sanzang,we uncover a structured behavioral logic of“goal orientation–institutional discipline–purification of the mind.”The findings suggest that although cultivation behaviors are not utilitarian decisions per se,they exhibit rational characteristics such as goal stability,autonomous will,and embedded incentives.
文摘Objective:Irrational medicine consumption practices increase the country's health expenditures and raise public health concerns,challenging sustainable development in multiple ways.The objective of this study is to identify the key factors influencing irrational medicine consumption and devise a strategic framework to encourage responsible medicine use.Method:A cross-sectional qualitative descriptive design was used.Study data were collected using semi-structured interviews and analysed using thematic analysis to identify the key factors contributing to irrational medicine consumption.Results:Various factors like cyberchondria coupled with health misinformation,inaccessible healthcare,limited product choices,misleading online pharmacies,and infeasible pharmaceutical regulations act as key drivers of irresponsible medicine consumption.The participants recommended enhancing healthcare access,utilizing technology,promoting health literacy,and updating regulations as strategies to improve responsible medicine use.Against this backdrop,the study proposes a double helix model for responsible consumption of medicines through bilateral efforts from both consumers and the health system.Conclusion:Highlighting the importance of responsible consumption,this paper calls health system actors to action to accelerate the efforts to foster responsible consumption of medicines.
文摘Objective:To explore the adverse reactions associated with antibiotics and analyze strategies for their rational use.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 60 patients who experienced adverse reactions to antibiotics between August 2021 and August 2023.The types of antibiotics that caused adverse reactions were analyzed,and the symptoms of adverse reactions and measures for rational use of antibiotics were summarized.Results:Among the analyzed cases of adverse reactions to antibiotics,the highest rate was observed in patients aged 61–75 years,accounting for 38.33%,followed by patients aged 51–60 years,accounting for 20.00%.In terms of the types of antibiotics that caused adverse reactions,cephalosporins were the most common,accounting for 40.00%,followed by penicillins,accounting for 18.33%.Analysis of the systems involved in adverse reactions showed that skin and appendage disorders were the most common,accounting for 36.67%,followed by the digestive system,accounting for 28.33%.Conclusion:Irrational use of antibiotics can lead to adverse drug reactions.Therefore,it is necessary to analyze strategies for the rational use of antibiotics to reduce adverse drug reactions and ensure the safety of antibiotic use.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.12072090.
文摘The high-speed development of space defense technology demands a high state estimation capacity for spacecraft tracking methods.However,reentry flight is accompanied by complex flight environments,which brings to the uncertain,complex,and strongly coupled non-Gaussian detection noise.As a result,there are several intractable considerations on the problem of state estimation tasks corrupted by complex non-Gaussian outliers for non-linear dynamics systems in practical application.To address these issues,a new iterated rational quadratic(RQ)kernel high-order unscented Kalman filtering(IRQHUKF)algorithm via capturing the statistics to break through the limitations of the Gaussian assumption is proposed.Firstly,the characteristic analysis of the RQ kernel is investigated in detail,which is the first attempt to carry out an exploration of the heavy-tailed characteristic and the ability on capturing highorder moments of the RQ kernel.Subsequently,the RQ kernel method is first introduced into the UKF algorithm as an error optimization criterion,termed the iterated RQ kernel-UKF(RQ-UKF)algorithm by derived analytically,which not only retains the high-order moments propagation process but also enhances the approximation capacity in the non-Gaussian noise problem for its ability in capturing highorder moments and heavy-tailed characteristics.Meanwhile,to tackle the limitations of the Gaussian distribution assumption in the linearization process of the non-linear systems,the high-order Sigma Points(SP)as a subsidiary role in propagating the state high-order statistics is devised by the moments matching method to improve the RQ-UKF.Finally,to further improve the flexibility of the IRQ-HUKF algorithm in practical application,an adaptive kernel parameter is derived analytically grounded in the Kullback-Leibler divergence(KLD)method and parametric sensitivity analysis of the RQ kernel.The simulation results demonstrate that the novel IRQ-HUKF algorithm is more robust and outperforms the existing advanced UKF with respect to the kernel method in reentry vehicle tracking scenarios under various noise environments.
文摘Objective:To analyze the application value of artificial intelligence(AI)in the comprehensive service pathway for rational clinical use of western medicines.Methods:A sample of 73 patients undergoing western medicine treatment from December 2024 to March 2025 was selected and divided into groups by lottery.Group A received AI-assisted management for rational clinical use of western medicines,while Group B received conventional management.Thirty-six patients taking oral western medicines were included in Group B.Results:Group A outperformed Group B in terms of the irrationality rate of western medicine usage,drug management scores,adverse reaction rates,complaint rates,and satisfaction levels,with p<0.05.Conclusion:AI-assisted rational clinical use of western medicines enhances drug management quality,reduces the irrationality rate of medication usage,and decreases complaint rates related to western medicine usage.
文摘Objective:To analyze the application value of prescription management of traditional Chinese medicine formula granules in reducing unreasonable prescriptions.Methods:From January to June 2024,before improving prescription management strategies,118 patients treated with traditional Chinese medicine formula granules were included in the control group.From July to December 2024,after improving prescription management strategies,118 patients treated with traditional Chinese medicine formula granules were included in the observation group.The unqualified prescription rate,incidence of adverse reactions,complaint rate,and satisfaction were compared.Results:The unqualified prescription rate of traditional Chinese medicine formula granules in the observation group was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05);the incidence of adverse reactions and patient complaint rate of traditional Chinese medicine formula granules in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05);the satisfaction of traditional Chinese medicine formula granules in the observation group was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Improving the prescription management strategy of traditional Chinese medicine formula granules can reduce the unqualified prescription rate and the incidence of adverse drug reactions,reduce patient complaints,and is conducive to improving patient satisfaction.
文摘The growth of multicellular organisms is directly related to cell proliferation through the cell cycle, in which a single cell grows and divides to produce two daughter cells. This process leads to an exponential increase in cell number and serves as a rapid mechanism for tissue growth. In this article, we aim to establish a connection between cell proliferation and surreal numbers, demonstrating that dyadic rational numbers emerging from surreal number theory may be related to growing cell numbers.
基金2024 Innovation Project of Guangxi Graduate Education,Guangxi Normal University(XYCBZ2024005)2024 Innovation Project of Guangxi Graduate Education,Guangxi Normal University(JGY2024066)+1 种基金2023 International Chinese Language Education Collaboration Mechanism Project,Center for Language Education and Cooperation,Theoretical and Practical Research on Guangxi’s International Chinese Language Education Collaboration Mechanism(23YHXZ1010)2019 Guangxi Humanities and Social Sciences Development Research Center“Scientific Research Project:Innovation and Entrepreneurship Special Project”:“Research on the Model for Building an International Development Platform for Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education in Universities-A Case Study of Confucius Institutes”(CXCY2019014)。
文摘The importance of conducting in-depth research and education on value rationality in the new era is increasingly recognized.Therefore,it is essential to systematically grasp the themes,frontiers,and trends of research in this field,organizing the knowledge system to provide references for future studies.This necessitates clarifying the research achievements of scholars from different disciplines and institutions.Using the CiteSpace visualization analysis method,we can analyze,summarize,and synthesize research networks,hotspots,and knowledge structures,thereby forming a direction for advancing research.Through literature review methods and knowledge graph software analysis,it is believed that value rationality and instrumental rationality represent the rational attitudes individuals adopt when contemplating issues and putting them into practice.They are merely methods and should not be subjected to excessive value judgments.The relationship between value rationality and instrumental rationality is a focal point of societal concern,involving complex interdisciplinary issues with significant theoretical value and practical implications.In the future,the academic community needs to strengthen research collaboration,enhance the expansion of value rationality in various social practice fields,and conduct empirical studies to build consensus for the construction of Chinese society.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51563002 and 52101243)the"100-level"Innovative Talents Project of Guizhou Province,China(No.[2016]5653)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(No.2020A1515010886)the Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangzhou(No.202102010373)。
文摘Recently,metal selenides have obtained widespread attention as electrode materials for alkali(Li^(+)/Na^(+)/K^(+))batteries due to their promising theoretical capacity and mechanism.Nevertheless,metal selenides,similar to metal oxides and sulfides,also suffer from severe volume explosion during repeated charge/discharge processes,which results in the structure collapse and the following pulverization of electrode materials.Hence,it leads to poor cycle stability and influencing their further application.In order to solve these issues,some special strategies,including elemental doping,coupling with carbon materials,synthesis of the bimetal selenides with heterostructure,etc.,have been gradually applied to design novel electrode materials with outstanding electrochemical performance.Herein,the recent research progress on metal selenides as anodes for alkali ion batteries is summarized,including the regulation of crystal structure,synthesis strategies,modification methods,and electrochemical mechanisms and kinetics.Besides,the challenges of metal selenides and the perspective for future electrode material design are proposed.It is hoped to pave a way for the development of metal selenide electrode materials for the potential applications for alkali metal ion(Li^(+)/Na^(+)/K^(+))batteries.
基金supported in part by grants from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFA0901900)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22137009)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2020M671271).
文摘A 61-kb biosynthetic gene cluster(BGC),which is accountable for the biosynthesis of hibarimicin(HBM)B from Microbispora rosea subsp.hibaria TP-A0121,was heterologously expressed in Streptomyces coelicolor M1154,which generated a trace of the target products but accumulated a large amount of shunt products.Based on rational analysis of the relevant secondary metabolism,directed engineering of the biosynthetic pathways resulted in the high production of HBM B,as well as new HBM derivates with improved antitumor activity.These results not only establish a biosynthetic system to effectively synthesize HBMs-a class of the largest and most complex Type-Ⅱpolyketides,with a unique pseudo-dimeric structure-but also set the stage for further engineering and deep investigation of this complex biosynthetic pathway toward potent anticancer drugs.
基金financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22174059 and 22201128)Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.2022JJ40363,2022JJ40365 and 2022RC1230)+1 种基金the Excellent youth funding of Hunan Provincial Education Department(No.22B0460)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2022M721542)。
文摘Artificial macrocycle with high binding selectivity in water is often challenging but urgently needed in various research and application areas.Herein,we report a new water-soluble biomimetic tetralactam macrocycle and realize the ultra-high selectivity to nucleosides over corresponding monophosphate nucleotides by rational modification.The introduction of charged groups at the periphery of endofunctionalized cavity makes the selectivity(guanosine to guanosine 5-monophosphate)increase remarkably from 100 to 1119.Based on the ultra-high selectivity of biomimetic tetralactam macrocycle,the sensitive CD73 enzyme activity assay was then achieved through product-selective fluorescence indicator displacement assay.Furthermore,the capability of the proposed method for inhibitor screening was successfully displayed.
