Objective To improve the accuracy and professionalism of question-answering(QA)model in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)lung cancer by integrating large language models with structured knowledge graphs using the know...Objective To improve the accuracy and professionalism of question-answering(QA)model in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)lung cancer by integrating large language models with structured knowledge graphs using the knowledge graph(KG)to text-enhanced retrievalaugmented generation(KG2TRAG)method.Methods The TCM lung cancer model(TCMLCM)was constructed by fine-tuning Chat-GLM2-6B on the specialized datasets Tianchi TCM,HuangDi,and ShenNong-TCM-Dataset,as well as a TCM lung cancer KG.The KG2TRAG method was applied to enhance the knowledge retrieval,which can convert KG triples into natural language text via ChatGPT-aided linearization,leveraging large language models(LLMs)for context-aware reasoning.For a comprehensive comparison,MedicalGPT,HuatuoGPT,and BenTsao were selected as the baseline models.Performance was evaluated using bilingual evaluation understudy(BLEU),recall-oriented understudy for gisting evaluation(ROUGE),accuracy,and the domain-specific TCM-LCEval metrics,with validation from TCM oncology experts assessing answer accuracy,professionalism,and usability.Results The TCMLCM model achieved the optimal performance across all metrics,including a BLEU score of 32.15%,ROUGE-L of 59.08%,and an accuracy rate of 79.68%.Notably,in the TCM-LCEval assessment specific to the field of TCM,its performance was 3%−12%higher than that of the baseline model.Expert evaluations highlighted superior performance in accuracy and professionalism.Conclusion TCMLCM can provide an innovative solution for TCM lung cancer QA,demonstrating the feasibility of integrating structured KGs with LLMs.This work advances intelligent TCM healthcare tools and lays a foundation for future AI-driven applications in traditional medicine.展开更多
Question-answering(QA)models find answers to a given question.The necessity of automatically finding answers is increasing because it is very important and challenging from the large-scale QA data sets.In this paper,w...Question-answering(QA)models find answers to a given question.The necessity of automatically finding answers is increasing because it is very important and challenging from the large-scale QA data sets.In this paper,we deal with the QA pair matching approach in QA models,which finds the most relevant question and its recommended answer for a given question.Existing studies for the approach performed on the entire dataset or datasets within a category that the question writer manually specifies.In contrast,we aim to automatically find the category to which the question belongs by employing the text classification model and to find the answer corresponding to the question within the category.Due to the text classification model,we can effectively reduce the search space for finding the answers to a given question.Therefore,the proposed model improves the accuracy of the QA matching model and significantly reduces the model inference time.Furthermore,to improve the performance of finding similar sentences in each category,we present an ensemble embedding model for sentences,improving the performance compared to the individual embedding models.Using real-world QA data sets,we evaluate the performance of the proposed QA matching model.As a result,the accuracy of our final ensemble embedding model based on the text classification model is 81.18%,which outperforms the existing models by 9.81%∼14.16%point.Moreover,in terms of the model inference speed,our model is faster than the existing models by 2.61∼5.07 times due to the effective reduction of search spaces by the text classification model.展开更多
大模型时代,自动问答系统呈现出诸多新的特征。通过文献阅读和梳理,对自动问答系统特征和评测体系进行总结与归纳,从问答模型推理训练的训练数据、预训练框架、模型后处理、模型高效微调等阶段,对比大模型发展初期“追求数据和参数规模...大模型时代,自动问答系统呈现出诸多新的特征。通过文献阅读和梳理,对自动问答系统特征和评测体系进行总结与归纳,从问答模型推理训练的训练数据、预训练框架、模型后处理、模型高效微调等阶段,对比大模型发展初期“追求数据和参数规模”的训练方法和如今“注重数据和模型效率”之间的差异,系统分析基于大模型的自动问答系统新的特征。总结当前各种类型的自动问答大模型评测体系,并详细梳理自动化评价体系HELM(holistic evaluation of language model)在自动问答任务上的数据集、评价指标和量化计算方法。未来基于大模型的自动问答系统研究将会围绕多模态融合、高安全性、高可解释性、低资源消耗,以及结合大模型和自动化的综合评价体系这几个方面进一步拓展与深化。展开更多
随着全球气候变化日益严重,企业碳排放分析成为国际关注的焦点,针对通用大语言模型(large language model,LLM)知识更新滞后,增强生成架构在处理复杂问题时缺乏专业性与准确性,以及大模型生成结果中幻觉率高的问题,通过构建专有知识库,...随着全球气候变化日益严重,企业碳排放分析成为国际关注的焦点,针对通用大语言模型(large language model,LLM)知识更新滞后,增强生成架构在处理复杂问题时缺乏专业性与准确性,以及大模型生成结果中幻觉率高的问题,通过构建专有知识库,开发了基于大语言模型的企业碳排放分析与知识问答系统。提出了一种多样化索引模块构建方法,构建高质量的知识与法规检索数据集。针对碳排放报告(政策)领域的知识问答任务,提出了自提示检索增强生成架构,集成意图识别、改进的结构化思维链、混合检索技术、高质量提示工程和Text2SQL系统,支持多维度分析企业可持续性报告,为企业碳排放报告(政策)提供了一种高效、精准的知识问答解决方案。通过多层分块机制、文档索引和幻觉识别功能,确保结果的准确性与可验证性,降低了LLM技术在系统中的幻觉率。通过对比实验,所提算法在各模块的协同下在检索增强生成实验中各指标表现优异,对于企业碳排放报告的关键信息抽取和报告评价,尤其是长文本处理具有明显的优势。展开更多
基金Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(KYCX24_2145).
文摘Objective To improve the accuracy and professionalism of question-answering(QA)model in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)lung cancer by integrating large language models with structured knowledge graphs using the knowledge graph(KG)to text-enhanced retrievalaugmented generation(KG2TRAG)method.Methods The TCM lung cancer model(TCMLCM)was constructed by fine-tuning Chat-GLM2-6B on the specialized datasets Tianchi TCM,HuangDi,and ShenNong-TCM-Dataset,as well as a TCM lung cancer KG.The KG2TRAG method was applied to enhance the knowledge retrieval,which can convert KG triples into natural language text via ChatGPT-aided linearization,leveraging large language models(LLMs)for context-aware reasoning.For a comprehensive comparison,MedicalGPT,HuatuoGPT,and BenTsao were selected as the baseline models.Performance was evaluated using bilingual evaluation understudy(BLEU),recall-oriented understudy for gisting evaluation(ROUGE),accuracy,and the domain-specific TCM-LCEval metrics,with validation from TCM oncology experts assessing answer accuracy,professionalism,and usability.Results The TCMLCM model achieved the optimal performance across all metrics,including a BLEU score of 32.15%,ROUGE-L of 59.08%,and an accuracy rate of 79.68%.Notably,in the TCM-LCEval assessment specific to the field of TCM,its performance was 3%−12%higher than that of the baseline model.Expert evaluations highlighted superior performance in accuracy and professionalism.Conclusion TCMLCM can provide an innovative solution for TCM lung cancer QA,demonstrating the feasibility of integrating structured KGs with LLMs.This work advances intelligent TCM healthcare tools and lays a foundation for future AI-driven applications in traditional medicine.
基金This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grant funded by the Korea government(MSIT)(No.2022R1F1A1067008)by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)funded by the Ministry of Education(No.2019R1A6A1A03032119).
文摘Question-answering(QA)models find answers to a given question.The necessity of automatically finding answers is increasing because it is very important and challenging from the large-scale QA data sets.In this paper,we deal with the QA pair matching approach in QA models,which finds the most relevant question and its recommended answer for a given question.Existing studies for the approach performed on the entire dataset or datasets within a category that the question writer manually specifies.In contrast,we aim to automatically find the category to which the question belongs by employing the text classification model and to find the answer corresponding to the question within the category.Due to the text classification model,we can effectively reduce the search space for finding the answers to a given question.Therefore,the proposed model improves the accuracy of the QA matching model and significantly reduces the model inference time.Furthermore,to improve the performance of finding similar sentences in each category,we present an ensemble embedding model for sentences,improving the performance compared to the individual embedding models.Using real-world QA data sets,we evaluate the performance of the proposed QA matching model.As a result,the accuracy of our final ensemble embedding model based on the text classification model is 81.18%,which outperforms the existing models by 9.81%∼14.16%point.Moreover,in terms of the model inference speed,our model is faster than the existing models by 2.61∼5.07 times due to the effective reduction of search spaces by the text classification model.
文摘大模型时代,自动问答系统呈现出诸多新的特征。通过文献阅读和梳理,对自动问答系统特征和评测体系进行总结与归纳,从问答模型推理训练的训练数据、预训练框架、模型后处理、模型高效微调等阶段,对比大模型发展初期“追求数据和参数规模”的训练方法和如今“注重数据和模型效率”之间的差异,系统分析基于大模型的自动问答系统新的特征。总结当前各种类型的自动问答大模型评测体系,并详细梳理自动化评价体系HELM(holistic evaluation of language model)在自动问答任务上的数据集、评价指标和量化计算方法。未来基于大模型的自动问答系统研究将会围绕多模态融合、高安全性、高可解释性、低资源消耗,以及结合大模型和自动化的综合评价体系这几个方面进一步拓展与深化。
文摘随着全球气候变化日益严重,企业碳排放分析成为国际关注的焦点,针对通用大语言模型(large language model,LLM)知识更新滞后,增强生成架构在处理复杂问题时缺乏专业性与准确性,以及大模型生成结果中幻觉率高的问题,通过构建专有知识库,开发了基于大语言模型的企业碳排放分析与知识问答系统。提出了一种多样化索引模块构建方法,构建高质量的知识与法规检索数据集。针对碳排放报告(政策)领域的知识问答任务,提出了自提示检索增强生成架构,集成意图识别、改进的结构化思维链、混合检索技术、高质量提示工程和Text2SQL系统,支持多维度分析企业可持续性报告,为企业碳排放报告(政策)提供了一种高效、精准的知识问答解决方案。通过多层分块机制、文档索引和幻觉识别功能,确保结果的准确性与可验证性,降低了LLM技术在系统中的幻觉率。通过对比实验,所提算法在各模块的协同下在检索增强生成实验中各指标表现优异,对于企业碳排放报告的关键信息抽取和报告评价,尤其是长文本处理具有明显的优势。
