We consider a three-electron system in the Impurity Hubbard model with a coupling between nearest-neighbors. Our research aim consists of studying the structure of essential spectrum and discrete spectra of the energy...We consider a three-electron system in the Impurity Hubbard model with a coupling between nearest-neighbors. Our research aim consists of studying the structure of essential spectrum and discrete spectra of the energy operator of three-electron systems in the impurity Hubbard model in the quartet state of the system in a <em>v</em>-dimensional lattice. We have reduced the study of the spectrum of the three-electron quartet state operator in the impurity Hubbard model to the study of the spectrum of a simpler operator. We proved the essential spectra of the three-electron systems in the Impurity Hubbard model in the quartet state is the union of no more than six segments, and the discrete spectrum of the system is consists of no more than four eigenvalues.展开更多
We report on the observation of new fluorescence emission spectral transitions obtained from NO diatomic molecule in the region from ultraviolet （UV） to near infrared （NIR） in a low power glow discharge system. Th...We report on the observation of new fluorescence emission spectral transitions obtained from NO diatomic molecule in the region from ultraviolet （UV） to near infrared （NIR） in a low power glow discharge system. This glow discharge electronic excitation populates different quartet and doublet states of NO in its proximity such as the A2Z （/9 = 2）, b4∑- （υ= 3）, B2М （1） = 4）, and X2Л （u= 33-32） states. Due to inter-system crossing, emission lines originating from these levels to lower lying states are recorded and spectral line assignments are performed. The observed systems include b4∑- a4∏, B21∏-a4∏, a4∏-X2I∏, A2∑X2∏, X2∏-X2∏ （33-15）, X2∏-X2∏ （33-17）, X2∏-X2∏ （33-20）, and X2∏-X2∏ （33- 18）. This new information will conduce to the better understanding of the interesting features of NO molecule. Such parameters that affect the recording of low density of NO molecules are also discussed In addition to the factors such as the time evolution, argon gas concentration relative to NO mixture, the percentage of NO molecular gas concentration, discharge electric current signals and discharge applied voltage are studied. Those factors would enhance the fluorescence signal intensity of NO molecules. The recent results might be significant as reference data for optimizing the glow discharge spectrometer and diagnostics of NO gas.展开更多
In this report, we present a method for the detection of Pb2+ based on the different adsorption capacity on the surface of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) between ssDNA (single-stranded DNA) and G-quartet. In the absence o...In this report, we present a method for the detection of Pb2+ based on the different adsorption capacity on the surface of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) between ssDNA (single-stranded DNA) and G-quartet. In the absence of Pb2+, the DNA oligonucleotides probe, which is guanine-rich ssDNA, can be adsorbed on the surface of AuNPs protecting them from aggregation. After adding Pb2+, the DNA oligonucleotides probe can specifically form compact G-quartet, which can induce the aggregation of unmodified AuNPs, especially after adding NaCl aqueous solution. Consequently, the color turns from red to blue. Pb2+ can be detected by colorimetric response of AuNPs;its detection limit can reach 5 μM only observed by naked eyes. Most metal ions have no interferences, and the interference of Cu2+ can be effectively eliminated by adding cysteine. It provides a simple and effective colorimetric sensor for on-site and real time detection of Pb2+.展开更多
Kyabwanswa Rural Integrated Farming Systems(KRIFS)is a Community Based Organization(CBO)with its Head Office in Kitagwenda Town Council.KRIFS quartet model involves emphasis of integrating four agricultural activities...Kyabwanswa Rural Integrated Farming Systems(KRIFS)is a Community Based Organization(CBO)with its Head Office in Kitagwenda Town Council.KRIFS quartet model involves emphasis of integrating four agricultural activities namely:Apiculture,agro-forestry,coffee and at least one type of livestock.The paper utilizes data obtained from January 2017 surveys,interviews,focus group discussions and observations by the authors.The authors observe that the four activities are symbiotic income generating enterprises.The quartet model has greatly contributed in reducing poverty,increasing agricultural productivity,facilitating value addition,conserving the environment,halting biodiversity loss and mitigating climate change.The model is strongly hinged on training of farmers in organized groups more especially the youth and the women.The involvement of KRIFS in integrated farming that involves introducing new innovations to improve production and productivity in agriculture through improved breeds of livestock and crops as well as environmental conservation being pivotal in its operations,has culminated to agro-tourism in the district.The authors recommend that the model be implemented in the whole of Uganda.Apiculture should be included in the priority commodity list for the parish model.Agro-tourism is yet another economic activity that should be exploited to reduce unemployment,conserve the environment and reduce effects of climate change.展开更多
Singlet oxygen(^(1)O_(2)) is a strong oxidant which plays important roles in photodynamic therapy(PDT). The exploitation of photosensitizers with high ^(1)O_(2) production is crucial to improve PDT efficiency. In this...Singlet oxygen(^(1)O_(2)) is a strong oxidant which plays important roles in photodynamic therapy(PDT). The exploitation of photosensitizers with high ^(1)O_(2) production is crucial to improve PDT efficiency. In this study, a radical labeled quartet photosensitizer Cy-DENT is reported with high singlet oxygen quantum yield(Φ_(Δ)=32.3%) due to a radical enhanced inter-system crossing(ISC) process. After the introduction of 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyloxy(TEMPO) radical, quartet state ^(4)[R,T] of CyDENT could be formed to give an over 20-fold enhancement of singlet oxygen quantum yield compared to Cy-DEN(without TEMPO radical) under irradiation of near infrared(NIR) light. In addition, the ^(1)O_(2 )production is well controlled by varying the electron-donating ability of the terminal substituent group. Cy-DENT possesses good cell permeability and is localized in mitochondria. Under the irradiation of 700 nm light, Cy-DENT can produce high levels of ROS to destroy the mitochondria membrane potential and induce cell apoptosis. Through the encapsulation of PEG-SS-PCL micelle, Cy-DENT can be effectively delivered to tumors and suppresses the tumor growth after PDT treatment.展开更多
The potential energy surfaces of the even-even 68-92Se, 112-150Ba, and 208-230Ra isotopes are calculated using the macroscopic-microscopic method in a multidimensional space {αλ,μ} including quadrupole （λ=2, μ=0...The potential energy surfaces of the even-even 68-92Se, 112-150Ba, and 208-230Ra isotopes are calculated using the macroscopic-microscopic method in a multidimensional space {αλ,μ} including quadrupole （λ=2, μ=0, 2） and octupole （λ=3, μ=0, 1, 2, 3） degrees of freedom. The calculated results show that the even-even isotopes 92Se, 112,114,144-150Ba and 220-228Ra can exhibit the coexistence of triaxial and octupole deformations, thereby leading to simultaneous chiral and reflected symmetry breaking. Therefore, chirality-parity quartet bands are expected in these and their neighboring odd-A/odd-odd nuclei.展开更多
BRIC nations voice shared concerns over global issues at their second summit When Goldman Sachs firstcoined the BRIC concept adecade ago, the internationalinvestment and securities
Rhododendron is famous for its high ornamental value.However,the genus is taxonomically difficult and the relationships within Rhododendron remain unresolved.In addition,the origin of key morphological characters with...Rhododendron is famous for its high ornamental value.However,the genus is taxonomically difficult and the relationships within Rhododendron remain unresolved.In addition,the origin of key morphological characters with high horticulture value need to be explored.Both problems largely hinder utilization of germplasm resources.Most studies attempted to disentangle the phylogeny of Rhododendron,but only used a few genomic markers and lacked large-scale sampling,resulting in low clade support and contradictory phylogenetic signals.Here,we used restriction-site associated DNA sequencing(RAD-seq)data and morphological traits for 144 species of Rhododendron,representing all subgenera and most sections and subsections of this species-rich genus,to decipher its intricate evolutionary history and reconstruct ancestral state.Our results revealed high resolutions at subgenera and section levels of Rhododendron based on RAD-seq data.Both optimal phylogenetic tree and split tree recovered five lineages among Rhododendron.Subg.Therorhodion(cladeⅠ)formed the basal lineage.Subg.Tsutsusi and Azaleastrum formed cladeⅡand had sister relationships.CladeⅢincluded all scaly rhododendron species.Subg.Pentanthera(cladeⅣ)formed a sister group to Subg.Hymenanthes(cladeⅤ).The results of ancestral state reconstruction showed that Rhododendron ancestor was a deciduous woody plant with terminal inflorescence,ten stamens,leaf blade without scales and broadly funnelform corolla with pink or purple color.This study shows significant distinguishability to resolve the evolutionary history of Rhododendron based on high clade support of phylogenetic tree constructed by RAD-seq data.It also provides an example to resolve discordant signals in phylogenetic trees and demonstrates the application feasibility of RAD-seq with large amounts of missing data in deciphering intricate evolutionary relationships.Additionally,the reconstructed ancestral state of six important characters provides insights into the innovation of key characters in Rhododendron.展开更多
基金国家自然科学基金项目(6074100160871092)+3 种基金黑龙江省杰出青年科学基金项目(JC200611)黑龙江省自然科学基金重点项目(ZJG0705)哈尔滨工业大学校基金项目(HIT.2003.53)the High-Tech Research and Development Program of China(2007AA01Z171)~~
文摘We consider a three-electron system in the Impurity Hubbard model with a coupling between nearest-neighbors. Our research aim consists of studying the structure of essential spectrum and discrete spectra of the energy operator of three-electron systems in the impurity Hubbard model in the quartet state of the system in a <em>v</em>-dimensional lattice. We have reduced the study of the spectrum of the three-electron quartet state operator in the impurity Hubbard model to the study of the spectrum of a simpler operator. We proved the essential spectra of the three-electron systems in the Impurity Hubbard model in the quartet state is the union of no more than six segments, and the discrete spectrum of the system is consists of no more than four eigenvalues.
基金Project supported by the Funds from Laser Sciences and Interactions Department,National Institute of Laser Enhanced Sciences(NILES),Cairo University,Giza,Egyptthe Fund from the Department of Physics,Faculty of Science for Girls,Imam Abdulrahman Ben Faisal University(x-Dammam University)+1 种基金the Fund from Dammam 31441,Saudi Arabiathe Physics Department of King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals(KFUPM),Dhahran,Saudi Arabia
文摘We report on the observation of new fluorescence emission spectral transitions obtained from NO diatomic molecule in the region from ultraviolet （UV） to near infrared （NIR） in a low power glow discharge system. This glow discharge electronic excitation populates different quartet and doublet states of NO in its proximity such as the A2Z （/9 = 2）, b4∑- （υ= 3）, B2М （1） = 4）, and X2Л （u= 33-32） states. Due to inter-system crossing, emission lines originating from these levels to lower lying states are recorded and spectral line assignments are performed. The observed systems include b4∑- a4∏, B21∏-a4∏, a4∏-X2I∏, A2∑X2∏, X2∏-X2∏ （33-15）, X2∏-X2∏ （33-17）, X2∏-X2∏ （33-20）, and X2∏-X2∏ （33- 18）. This new information will conduce to the better understanding of the interesting features of NO molecule. Such parameters that affect the recording of low density of NO molecules are also discussed In addition to the factors such as the time evolution, argon gas concentration relative to NO mixture, the percentage of NO molecular gas concentration, discharge electric current signals and discharge applied voltage are studied. Those factors would enhance the fluorescence signal intensity of NO molecules. The recent results might be significant as reference data for optimizing the glow discharge spectrometer and diagnostics of NO gas.
文摘In this report, we present a method for the detection of Pb2+ based on the different adsorption capacity on the surface of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) between ssDNA (single-stranded DNA) and G-quartet. In the absence of Pb2+, the DNA oligonucleotides probe, which is guanine-rich ssDNA, can be adsorbed on the surface of AuNPs protecting them from aggregation. After adding Pb2+, the DNA oligonucleotides probe can specifically form compact G-quartet, which can induce the aggregation of unmodified AuNPs, especially after adding NaCl aqueous solution. Consequently, the color turns from red to blue. Pb2+ can be detected by colorimetric response of AuNPs;its detection limit can reach 5 μM only observed by naked eyes. Most metal ions have no interferences, and the interference of Cu2+ can be effectively eliminated by adding cysteine. It provides a simple and effective colorimetric sensor for on-site and real time detection of Pb2+.
基金Thanks to SIDA through the BREAD project that funded the survey for the primary data collection in 2017Special thanks go to Uganda Geographical Association(UGA)that funded the authors to attend the 1st International Conference on Geographical Science for Resilient Communities,Ecosystems and Livelihoods under Global Environmental Change(GORILLA).
文摘Kyabwanswa Rural Integrated Farming Systems(KRIFS)is a Community Based Organization(CBO)with its Head Office in Kitagwenda Town Council.KRIFS quartet model involves emphasis of integrating four agricultural activities namely:Apiculture,agro-forestry,coffee and at least one type of livestock.The paper utilizes data obtained from January 2017 surveys,interviews,focus group discussions and observations by the authors.The authors observe that the four activities are symbiotic income generating enterprises.The quartet model has greatly contributed in reducing poverty,increasing agricultural productivity,facilitating value addition,conserving the environment,halting biodiversity loss and mitigating climate change.The model is strongly hinged on training of farmers in organized groups more especially the youth and the women.The involvement of KRIFS in integrated farming that involves introducing new innovations to improve production and productivity in agriculture through improved breeds of livestock and crops as well as environmental conservation being pivotal in its operations,has culminated to agro-tourism in the district.The authors recommend that the model be implemented in the whole of Uganda.Apiculture should be included in the priority commodity list for the parish model.Agro-tourism is yet another economic activity that should be exploited to reduce unemployment,conserve the environment and reduce effects of climate change.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21421005,21576037,U1608222)。
文摘Singlet oxygen(^(1)O_(2)) is a strong oxidant which plays important roles in photodynamic therapy(PDT). The exploitation of photosensitizers with high ^(1)O_(2) production is crucial to improve PDT efficiency. In this study, a radical labeled quartet photosensitizer Cy-DENT is reported with high singlet oxygen quantum yield(Φ_(Δ)=32.3%) due to a radical enhanced inter-system crossing(ISC) process. After the introduction of 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyloxy(TEMPO) radical, quartet state ^(4)[R,T] of CyDENT could be formed to give an over 20-fold enhancement of singlet oxygen quantum yield compared to Cy-DEN(without TEMPO radical) under irradiation of near infrared(NIR) light. In addition, the ^(1)O_(2 )production is well controlled by varying the electron-donating ability of the terminal substituent group. Cy-DENT possesses good cell permeability and is localized in mitochondria. Under the irradiation of 700 nm light, Cy-DENT can produce high levels of ROS to destroy the mitochondria membrane potential and induce cell apoptosis. Through the encapsulation of PEG-SS-PCL micelle, Cy-DENT can be effectively delivered to tumors and suppresses the tumor growth after PDT treatment.
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of China(11705102,11622540,11675094)the Shandong Natural Science Foundation(ZR2017PA005,JQ201701)+1 种基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2017M612254)the Young Scholars Program of Shandong University,Weihai(2015WHWLJH01)
文摘The potential energy surfaces of the even-even 68-92Se, 112-150Ba, and 208-230Ra isotopes are calculated using the macroscopic-microscopic method in a multidimensional space {αλ,μ} including quadrupole （λ=2, μ=0, 2） and octupole （λ=3, μ=0, 1, 2, 3） degrees of freedom. The calculated results show that the even-even isotopes 92Se, 112,114,144-150Ba and 220-228Ra can exhibit the coexistence of triaxial and octupole deformations, thereby leading to simultaneous chiral and reflected symmetry breaking. Therefore, chirality-parity quartet bands are expected in these and their neighboring odd-A/odd-odd nuclei.
文摘BRIC nations voice shared concerns over global issues at their second summit When Goldman Sachs firstcoined the BRIC concept adecade ago, the internationalinvestment and securities
基金supported by Ten Thousand Talent Program of Yunnan Province(Grant No.YNWR-QNBJ-2018-174)the Key Basic Research Program of Yunnan Province,China(Grant No.202101BC070003)+3 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.31901237)Conservation Program for Plant Species with Extremely Small Populations in Yunnan Province(Grant No.2022SJ07X-03)Key Technologies Research for the Germplasmof Important Woody Flowers in Yunnan Province(Grant No.202302AE090018)Natural Science Foundation of Guizhou Province(Grant No.Qiankehejichu-ZK2021yiban 089&Qiankehejichu-ZK2023yiban 035)。
文摘Rhododendron is famous for its high ornamental value.However,the genus is taxonomically difficult and the relationships within Rhododendron remain unresolved.In addition,the origin of key morphological characters with high horticulture value need to be explored.Both problems largely hinder utilization of germplasm resources.Most studies attempted to disentangle the phylogeny of Rhododendron,but only used a few genomic markers and lacked large-scale sampling,resulting in low clade support and contradictory phylogenetic signals.Here,we used restriction-site associated DNA sequencing(RAD-seq)data and morphological traits for 144 species of Rhododendron,representing all subgenera and most sections and subsections of this species-rich genus,to decipher its intricate evolutionary history and reconstruct ancestral state.Our results revealed high resolutions at subgenera and section levels of Rhododendron based on RAD-seq data.Both optimal phylogenetic tree and split tree recovered five lineages among Rhododendron.Subg.Therorhodion(cladeⅠ)formed the basal lineage.Subg.Tsutsusi and Azaleastrum formed cladeⅡand had sister relationships.CladeⅢincluded all scaly rhododendron species.Subg.Pentanthera(cladeⅣ)formed a sister group to Subg.Hymenanthes(cladeⅤ).The results of ancestral state reconstruction showed that Rhododendron ancestor was a deciduous woody plant with terminal inflorescence,ten stamens,leaf blade without scales and broadly funnelform corolla with pink or purple color.This study shows significant distinguishability to resolve the evolutionary history of Rhododendron based on high clade support of phylogenetic tree constructed by RAD-seq data.It also provides an example to resolve discordant signals in phylogenetic trees and demonstrates the application feasibility of RAD-seq with large amounts of missing data in deciphering intricate evolutionary relationships.Additionally,the reconstructed ancestral state of six important characters provides insights into the innovation of key characters in Rhododendron.
