The discovery and synthesis of colloidal quantum dots(QDs)were awarded the 2023 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.QDs,as a novel class of materials distinct from traditional molecular materials and bulk materials,have rapidly ...The discovery and synthesis of colloidal quantum dots(QDs)were awarded the 2023 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.QDs,as a novel class of materials distinct from traditional molecular materials and bulk materials,have rapidly emerged in the field of optoelectronic applications due to their unique size-,composition-,surface-,and process-dependent optoelectronic properties.More importantly,their ultra-high specific surface area allows for the application of various surface chemical engineering techniques to regulate and optimize their optoelectronic performance.Furthermore,three-dimensionally confined QDs can achieve nearly perfect photoluminescence quantum yields and extended hot carrier cooling times.Particularly,their ability to be colloidally synthesized and processed using industrially friendly solvents is driving transformative changes in the fields of electronics,photonics,and optoelectronics.展开更多
Colloidal quantum dots(CQDs)are highly regarded for their outstanding photovoltaic characteristics,including excellent color purity,stability,high photoluminescence quantum yield(PLQY),narrow emission spectra,and ease...Colloidal quantum dots(CQDs)are highly regarded for their outstanding photovoltaic characteristics,including excellent color purity,stability,high photoluminescence quantum yield(PLQY),narrow emission spectra,and ease of solution processing.Despite significant progress in quantum dot light-emitting diodes(QLEDs)technology since its inception in 1994,blue QLEDs still fall short in efficiency and lifespan compared to red and green versions.The toxicity concerns associated with Cd/Pb-based quantum dots(QDs)have spurred the development of heavy-metal-free alternatives,such as groupⅡ−Ⅵ(e.g.,ZnSe-based QDs),groupⅢ−Ⅴ(e.g.,InP,GaN QDs),and carbon dots(CDs).In this review,we discuss the key properties and development history of quantum dots(QDs),various synthesis approaches,the role of surface ligands,and important considerations in developing core/shell(C/S)structured QDs.Additionally,we provide an outlook on the challenges and future directions for blue QLEDs.展开更多
Quantum dots(QDs)can modulate the solar spectrum through the down-conversion mechanism to better match the spectral response of solar cells.Following previous work,this paper first tested the response of QD solar cell...Quantum dots(QDs)can modulate the solar spectrum through the down-conversion mechanism to better match the spectral response of solar cells.Following previous work,this paper first tested the response of QD solar cells to specific monochromatic light,and found that QDs can effectively improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency(PCE)in the ultraviolet(UV)band by comparison.Then the photoelectric properties of the QD solar cells are tested under the air-mass 1.5(AM1.5)and air-mass 0(AM0)spectra.The experimental results show that because the absorption band of QDs is in the UV region,the space solar cells in the AM0 spectrum can obtain better PCE after coating QDs.The research results show the technical route of space solar cells with down-conversion mechanism,and put forward an important direction for the application of space solar photovoltaic(PV)technology,and have a good application prospect.展开更多
Perovskite quantum dot light-emitting diodes(Pe-QLEDs)have shown immense application potential in display and lighting fields due to their narrow full-width at half maximum(FWHM)and high photoluminescence quantum yiel...Perovskite quantum dot light-emitting diodes(Pe-QLEDs)have shown immense application potential in display and lighting fields due to their narrow full-width at half maximum(FWHM)and high photoluminescence quantum yield(PLQY).Despite significant advancements in their performance,challenges such as defects and ion migration still hinder their long-term stability and operational efficiency.To address these issues,various optimization strategies,including ligand engineering,interface passivation,and self-assembly strategy,are being actively researched.This review focuses on the synthesis methods,challenges and optimization of perovskite quantum dots,which are critical for the commercialization and large-scale production of high-performance and stable Pe-QLEDs.展开更多
With the rapid development of electric vehicles,hybrid electric vehicles and smart grids,people's demand for large-scale energy storage devices is increasingly intense.As a new type of secondary battery,potassium ...With the rapid development of electric vehicles,hybrid electric vehicles and smart grids,people's demand for large-scale energy storage devices is increasingly intense.As a new type of secondary battery,potassium ion battery is promising to replace the lithium-ion battery in the field of large-scale energy storage by virtue of its low price and environmental friendliness.At present,the research on the anode materials of potassium ion batteries mainly focuses on carbon materials and the design of various nanostructured metal-based materials.Problems such as poor rate performance and inferior cycle life caused by electrode structure comminution during charge and discharge have not been solved.Quantum dots/nanodots materials are a new type of nanomaterials that can effectively improve the utilization of electrode materials and reduce production costs.In addition,quantum dots/nanodots materials can enhance the electrode reaction kinetics,reduce the stress generated in cycling,and effectively alleviate the agglomeration and crushing of electrode materials.In this review,we will systematically introduce the synthesis methods,K+storage properties and K+storage mechanisms of carbon quantum dots and carbon-based transition metal compound quantum dots composites.This review will have significant references for potassium ion battery researchers.展开更多
Traditional p-type colloidal quantum dot(CQD)hole transport layers(HTLs)used in CQD solar cells(CQDSCs)are commonly based on organic ligands exchange and the layer-by-layer(LbL)technique.Nonetheless,the ligand detachm...Traditional p-type colloidal quantum dot(CQD)hole transport layers(HTLs)used in CQD solar cells(CQDSCs)are commonly based on organic ligands exchange and the layer-by-layer(LbL)technique.Nonetheless,the ligand detachment and complex fabrication process introduce surface defects,compromising device stability and efficiency.In this work,we propose a solution-phase ligand exchange(SPLE)method utilizing inorganic ligands to develop stable p-type lead sulfide(PbS)CQD inks for the first time.Various amounts of tin(Ⅱ)iodide(SnI_(2))were mixed with lead halide(PbX_(2);X=I,Br)in the ligand solution.By precisely controlling the SnI_(2)concentration,we regulate the transition of PbS QDs from n-type to p-type.PbS CQDSCs were fabricated using two different HTL approaches:one with 1,2-ethanedithiol(EDT)-passivated QDs via the LbL method(control)and another with inorganic ligand-passivated QD ink(target).The target devices achieved a higher power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 10.93%,compared to 9.83%for the control devices.This improvement is attributed to reduced interfacial defects and enhanced carrier mobility.The proposed technique offers an efficient pathway for producing stable p-type PbS CQD inks using inorganic ligands,paving the way for high-performance and flexible CQD-based optoelectronic devices.展开更多
Quantum dot(QD)-based infrared photodetector is a promising technology that can implement current monitoring,imaging and optical communication in the infrared region. However, the photodetection performance of self-po...Quantum dot(QD)-based infrared photodetector is a promising technology that can implement current monitoring,imaging and optical communication in the infrared region. However, the photodetection performance of self-powered QD devices is still limited by their unfavorable charge carrier dynamics due to their intrinsically discrete charge carrier transport process. Herein, we strategically constructed semiconducting matrix in QD film to achieve efficient charge transfer and extraction.The p-type semiconducting CuSCN was selected as energy-aligned matrix to match the n-type colloidal PbS QDs that was used as proof-of-concept. Note that the PbS QD/CuSCN matrix not only enables efficient charge carrier separation and transfer at nano-interfaces but also provides continuous charge carrier transport pathways that are different from the hoping process in neat QD film, resulting in improved charge mobility and derived collection efficiency. As a result, the target structure delivers high specific detectivity of 4.38 × 10^(12)Jones and responsivity of 782 mA/W at 808 nm, which is superior than that of the PbS QD-only photodetector(4.66 × 10^(11)Jones and 338 mA/W). This work provides a new structure candidate for efficient colloidal QD based optoelectronic devices.展开更多
The quantum confinement effect fundamentally alters the optical and electronic properties of quantum dots(QDs),making them versatile building blocks for next-generation light-emitting diodes(LEDs).This study investiga...The quantum confinement effect fundamentally alters the optical and electronic properties of quantum dots(QDs),making them versatile building blocks for next-generation light-emitting diodes(LEDs).This study investigates how quantum confinement governs the charge transport,exciton dynamics,and emission efficiency in QD-LEDs,using CsPbI_(3) QDs as a model system.By systematically varying QD sizes,we reveal size-dependent trade-offs in LED performance,such as enhanced efficiency for smaller QDs but increased brightness and stability for larger QDs under high current densities.Our findings offer critical insights into the design of high-performance QD-LEDs,paving the way for scalable and energy-efficient optoelectronic devices.展开更多
As an essential candidate for environment-friendly luminescent quantum dots(QDs),CuInS-based QDs have attracted more attention in recent years.However,several drawbacks still hamper their industrial applications,such ...As an essential candidate for environment-friendly luminescent quantum dots(QDs),CuInS-based QDs have attracted more attention in recent years.However,several drawbacks still hamper their industrial applications,such as lower photoluminescence quantum yield(PLQY),complex synthetic pathways,uncontrollable emission spectra,and insufficient photostability.In this study,CuInZnS@ZnS core/shell QDs was prepared via a one-pot/three-step synthetic scheme with accurate and tunable control of PL spectra.Then their ensemble spectroscopic properties during nucleation formation,alloying,and ZnS shell growth processes were systematically investigated.PL peaks of these QDs can be precisely manipulated from 530 to 850 nm by controlling the stoichiometric ratio of Cu/In,Zn^(2+)doping and ZnS shell growth.In particular,CuInZnS@ZnS QDs possess a significantly long emission lifetime(up to 750 ns),high PLQY(up to 85%),and excellent crystallinity.Their spectroscopic evolution is well validated by Cu-deficient related intragap emission model.By controlling the stoichiometric ratio of Cu/In,two distinct Cu-deficient related emission pathways are established based on the differing oxidation states of Cu defects.Therefore,this work provides deeper insights for fabricating high luminescent ternary or quaternary-alloyed QDs.展开更多
Ischemia is a significant factor affecting the repair of peripheral nerve injuries,while exosomes have been shown to promote angiogenesis.To further investigate the detailed processes and efficacy of exosome thera⁃py ...Ischemia is a significant factor affecting the repair of peripheral nerve injuries,while exosomes have been shown to promote angiogenesis.To further investigate the detailed processes and efficacy of exosome thera⁃py for ischemic peripheral nerve injuries,this study utilized glucose-modified near-infrared-II(NIR-II)quantum dots(QDs)to label adipose-derived stem cell exosomes(QDs-ADSC-Exos),enabling long-term in vivo NIR-II imaging of exosome treatment for ischemic peripheral nerve damage.Experimental results confirmed that QDs can be used for non-invasive in vitro labeling of exosomes,with QDs-ADSC-Exos exhibiting strong fluorescence signals in the NIR-II window and demonstrating favorable NIR-II imaging characteristics in vivo.Notably,QDsADSC-Exos showed accumulation at the site of nerve injury in cases of ischemic peripheral nerve damage.Func⁃tional neurological assessments indicated that QDs-ADSC-Exos effectively promoted neural regeneration.This study highlights the potential of exosomes in treating ischemic peripheral nerve injuries and elucidates the spatio⁃temporal characteristics of exosome therapy,providing objective evidence for the further optimization of exosomebased treatment protocols.展开更多
Colloidal quantum dots(CQDs)are affected by the quantum confinement effect,which makes their bandgap tunable.This characteristic allows these materials to cover a broader infrared spectrum,providing a costeffective al...Colloidal quantum dots(CQDs)are affected by the quantum confinement effect,which makes their bandgap tunable.This characteristic allows these materials to cover a broader infrared spectrum,providing a costeffective alternative to traditional infrared detector technology.Recently,thanks to the solution processing properties of quantum dots and their ability to integrate with silicon-based readout circuits on a single chip,infrared detectors based on HgTe CQDs have shown great application prospects.However,facing the challenges of vertically stacked photovoltaic devices,such as barrier layer matching and film non-uniformity,most devices integrated with readout circuits still use a planar structure,which limits the efficiency of light absorption and the effective separation and collection of photo-generated carriers.Here,by synthesizing high-quality HgTe CQDs and precisely controlling the interface quality,we have successfully fabricated a photovoltaic detector based on HgTe and ZnO QDs.At a working temperature of 80 K,this detector achieved a low dark current of 5.23×10^(-9)A cm^(-2),a high rectification ratio,and satisfactory detection sensitivity.This work paves a new way for the vertical integration of HgTe CQDs on silicon-based readout circuits,demonstrating their great potential in the field of high-performance infrared detection.展开更多
Hybrid organic–inorganic lead halide perovskites have emerged as a promising material for high-efficiency solar cells,yet challenges related to crystallization and defects limit their performance and stability.This s...Hybrid organic–inorganic lead halide perovskites have emerged as a promising material for high-efficiency solar cells,yet challenges related to crystallization and defects limit their performance and stability.This study investigates the use of perovskite quantum dots(QDs)as crystallization seeds to enhance the quality of FAPbI_(3)perovskite films and improve the performance of perovskite solar cells(PSCs).We demonstrate that CsPbI_(3)and CsPbBr_(3)QDs effectively guide the crystallization process,leading to the formation of larger crystals with preferential orientations,particularly the(001)and(002)planes,which are associated with reduced defect densities.This seedmediated growth strategy resulted in PSCs with power conversion efficiencies(PCEs)of 24.75%and 24.11%,respectively,compared to the baseline efficiency of 22.05%for control devices.Furthermore,devices incorporating QD-treated perovskite films exhibited remarkable stability,maintaining over 80%of their initial PCE after 1000 h of simulated sunlight exposure,a significant improvement over the control.Detailed optoelectronic characterization revealed reduced non-radiative recombination and enhanced charge transport in QD-treated devices.These findings highlight the potential of QDs as a powerful tool to improve perovskite crystallization,facet orientation,and overall device performance,offering a promising route to enhance both efficiency and stability in PSCs.展开更多
Carbon quantum dots are a new type of fluorescent nanomaterials with broad applications in drug delivery,bioimaging,solar cells,and photocatalysis due to their unique biocompatibility,optical properties and easy funct...Carbon quantum dots are a new type of fluorescent nanomaterials with broad applications in drug delivery,bioimaging,solar cells,and photocatalysis due to their unique biocompatibility,optical properties and easy functionalization.In the meantime,because of its high carbon content,renewable nature,and environmental friendliness,lignin has drawn the attention of researchers as a desirable raw material for creating carbon quantum dots.Here we review the synthesis of carbon quantum dots from lignin,focusing on synthetic methods,properties,and applications in energy,and photocatalysis.Later,we propose some new development prospects from preparation methods,luminescence mechanism research,application,and commercial cost of lignin carbon quantum dots.Finally,based on this,the development prospects of this field are prospected and summarized.展开更多
Sodium-ion-based electrochromic device(SECD)has been identified as an appealing cost-effective alternative of lithium-based counterparts,only if it can address the challenges in association with the inadequate electro...Sodium-ion-based electrochromic device(SECD)has been identified as an appealing cost-effective alternative of lithium-based counterparts,only if it can address the challenges in association with the inadequate electrochromic performance.In this regard,the quantized strategy is a particularly promising approach owing to the large surface-to-volume ratio and high reaction activity.However,quantum dots inevitably suffer from volume changes and undesired aggregation during electrochemical cycling.Herein,bioinspired from the robust connection of alveoli in lung,we propose a stable electrode,where WO_(3) quantum dots(WQDs)are robustly anchored on Ti_(3)C_(2) MXene through the strong chemical bonds of W-O-Ti.Theoretical results reveal the fundamental mechanism of the volume changes within WQDs and the dynamic diffusion process of sodium ions.The WQD@MXene electrodes exhibit a nearly twofold enhancement in cycling performance(1000 vs 500 cycles),coloration speed(3.2 vs 6.0 s),and areal capacity(87.5 vs 43.9 mAhm^(-2) at 0.1 mA cm^(-2)),compared to those of the pristine WQD electrode.As a proof-of-concept demonstration,a smart house system integrated with SECDs demonstrates a“3-in-1”device,enabling a combination of energy-saving,energy storage,and display functionalities.The present work significantly advances the versatile applications of cost-effective electrochromic electronics in interdisciplinary.展开更多
Graphene quantum dots(GQDs)are a class of promising carbon-based nanomaterials that have attracted considerable interest from researchers due to their excellent physical,chemical,and biological properties.However,the ...Graphene quantum dots(GQDs)are a class of promising carbon-based nanomaterials that have attracted considerable interest from researchers due to their excellent physical,chemical,and biological properties.However,the high cost,toxicity,and laborious preparation process of GQDs also limit their widespread use.To address this issue,the actual research directions consist in replacing traditional non-renewable feedstocks via screening cheap,easily available,and renewable biomass materials based on the concept of resource conservation and environmental friendliness.Herein,the state-of-the-art technologies in the green preparation of GQDs using biomass as carbon source are reported.Initially,the green synthesis strategies as well as the structural,optical,and biosafety properties of GQDs are discussed in detail.Subsequently,the most representative applications of GQDs in energy and environmental remediation fields are summarized.Finally,the current challenges and future potential of the GQDs are presented.展开更多
Quantum dots(QDs),a type of nanoscale semiconductor material with unique optical and electrical properties like adjustable emission and high photoluminescence quantum yields,are suitable for applications in optoelectr...Quantum dots(QDs),a type of nanoscale semiconductor material with unique optical and electrical properties like adjustable emission and high photoluminescence quantum yields,are suitable for applications in optoelectronics.However,QDs are typically degraded under humid and high-temperature circumstances,greatly limiting their practical value.Coating the QD surface with an inorganic silica layer is a feasible method for improving stability and endurance in a variety of applications.This paper comprehensively reviews silica coating methodologies on QD surfaces and explores their applications in optoelectronic domains.Firstly,the paper provides mainstream silica coating approaches,which can be divided into two categories:in-situ hydrolysis of silylating reagents on QD surfaces and template techniques for encapsulation QDs.Subsequently,the recent applications of the silica-coated QDs on optoelectronic fields including light-emitting diodes,solar cells,photodetectors were discussed.Finally,it reviews recent advances in silica-coated QD technology and prospects for future applications.展开更多
The discovery of quantum dots(QDs)stands as one of the paramount technological breakthroughs of the 20th century.Their versatility spans from everyday applications to cutting-edge scientific research,encompassing area...The discovery of quantum dots(QDs)stands as one of the paramount technological breakthroughs of the 20th century.Their versatility spans from everyday applications to cutting-edge scientific research,encompassing areas such as displays,lighting,photocatalysis,bio-imaging,and photonics devices and so on.Among the myriad QDs technologies,industrially relevant CuInS_(2)(CIS)QDs have emerged as promising alternatives to traditional Cd-and Pb-based QDs.Their tunable optoelectronic properties,high absorption coefficient,compositional flexibility,remarkable stability as well as Restriction of Hazardous Substances-compliance,with recent trends revealing a renewed interest in this material for various visible and near-infrared technological applications.This review focuses on recent advancements in CIS QDs as multidisciplinary field from its genesis in the mid-1990 to date with an emphasis on key breakthroughs in their synthesis,surface chemistry,post-synthesis modifications,and various applications.First,the comparation of properties of CIS QDs with relevant knowledge from other classes of QDs and from Ⅰ-Ⅱ-Ⅲ semiconductors as well is summarized.Second,recent advances in the synthesis methods,structure-optoelectronic properties,their defects,and passivation strategies as well as CIS-based heterostructures are discussed.Third,the state-of-the-art applications of CIS QDs ranging from solar cells,luminescence solar concentrations,photocatalysis,light emitting diodes,bioimaging and some emerging applications are summarized.Finally,we discuss open challenges and future perspectives for further advancement in this field.展开更多
Black phosphorus quantum dots(BPQDs)have been used as the nano-carrier in the field of biomedicine due to their excellent electronic conductivity,optical and thermoelectric properties.However,it is still lack of evalu...Black phosphorus quantum dots(BPQDs)have been used as the nano-carrier in the field of biomedicine due to their excellent electronic conductivity,optical and thermoelectric properties.However,it is still lack of evaluation of the safety of BPQDs,specifically on the effects and mechanisms of BPQDs on heart.In this study,the specific pathogen-free male mice were orally administered with different doses of BPQDs(0.02,0.1,0.5 mg/kg)for 28 days.BPQDs exposure decreased the heart-body ratio and caused cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis.Additionally,ferroptosis was observed in the cardiac tissue.The recent study has shown BPQDs oral exposure alter gut microbiota.Here,after exposure to 0.1 mg/kg BPQDs for 28 days,the germ-free mice showed neither cardiac injury nor ferroptosis.Taken together,the study demonstrates that BPQDs induce cardiac ferroptosis and fibrosis,possibly mediated by gut microbiota.This research may aid in enhancing understanding of the biosafety of BP nanomaterials and promoting the sustainable development of nanotechnology.展开更多
The photocatalytic hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))production by graphitic carbon nitride is a sustainable and environment-benign alternative approach of conventional anthraquinone autoxidation technology,but it is great...The photocatalytic hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))production by graphitic carbon nitride is a sustainable and environment-benign alternative approach of conventional anthraquinone autoxidation technology,but it is great challenges to promote two-electron O_(2)reduction and water oxidation.Herein,we present the well-dispersed graphitic carbon nitride quantum dots decorated with cyano groups(Na-CNQD and K-CNQD)by thermal polymerization of melamine in the presence of metal fluoride.The quantum confinement and edge effect have endowed the photocatalysts with rich active sites,wide light absorption range and the inhibited charge recombination.The cyano moieties function as O_(2)reduction centers to accept the photogenerated electrons and facilitate their rapid transfer to O_(2)molecules.This process enables the selective two-electron reduction of O_(2),leading to the production of H_(2)O_(2).Concurrently,the valence band holes on the heptazine moiety oxidize water into H_(2)O_(2).These synergistic effects promote photocatalytic H_(2)O_(2)production from O_(2)and H_(2)O without the need for additional photosensitizers,organic scavengers and co-catalysts.In contrast,pristine carbon nitride nanosheets remain inactive under the same conditions.This study offers new strategies for rational design of carbon-based materials for solar-to-chemical energy conversion.展开更多
A strong built-in electric field(V_(bi))is the key to achieving rapid separation of photogenerated carriers in perovskite solar cells.This is particularly important for hole transport layer(HTL)free carbon-based perov...A strong built-in electric field(V_(bi))is the key to achieving rapid separation of photogenerated carriers in perovskite solar cells.This is particularly important for hole transport layer(HTL)free carbon-based perovskite solar cells(C-PSCs),which have a large interface energy level mismatch.The regulation of perovslite's surface energetics is an effective way to improve the V_(bi)and promote charge extraction,which is typically achieved by organic molecules.However,the insulating nature of organic molecules also negatively hinders charge transfer,resulting in a contradiction of"extraction-transport".Quantum dots(Q.Ds)have great potential for energetics regulation of perovskite film due to their semiconductor properties and inherent large dipole moments,but have not yet been explored.In this work,we propose a strategy of discrete embedding semiconductor QDs at the surface grain boundaries of the perovskite film to regulate surface energetics.The QDs change the energetics of the perovskite film surface,transforming the surface energetics from n-to p-type,thus constructing p-n homojunction at the interface.This significantly enhances the Vbi at the perovskite/carbon electrode interface,promoting hole extraction.In addition,the embedded discrete distribution of QDs at the upper surface grain boundaries ensures efficient transport of the extracted holes to the carbon electrode,overcoming the contradiction of"extraction-transport"for traditional energetics control strategies.Consequently,the fabricated planar HTL-free C-PSCs achieve an efficiency of 20.10%(certified 19.8%),which is one of the highest values reported for this kind of device.展开更多
文摘The discovery and synthesis of colloidal quantum dots(QDs)were awarded the 2023 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.QDs,as a novel class of materials distinct from traditional molecular materials and bulk materials,have rapidly emerged in the field of optoelectronic applications due to their unique size-,composition-,surface-,and process-dependent optoelectronic properties.More importantly,their ultra-high specific surface area allows for the application of various surface chemical engineering techniques to regulate and optimize their optoelectronic performance.Furthermore,three-dimensionally confined QDs can achieve nearly perfect photoluminescence quantum yields and extended hot carrier cooling times.Particularly,their ability to be colloidally synthesized and processed using industrially friendly solvents is driving transformative changes in the fields of electronics,photonics,and optoelectronics.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2024YFE0103600)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(62474119,62205230,and 62175171)Suzhou Key Laboratory of Functional Nano&Soft Materials,Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science&Technology,the 111 Project,Joint International Research Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices.
文摘Colloidal quantum dots(CQDs)are highly regarded for their outstanding photovoltaic characteristics,including excellent color purity,stability,high photoluminescence quantum yield(PLQY),narrow emission spectra,and ease of solution processing.Despite significant progress in quantum dot light-emitting diodes(QLEDs)technology since its inception in 1994,blue QLEDs still fall short in efficiency and lifespan compared to red and green versions.The toxicity concerns associated with Cd/Pb-based quantum dots(QDs)have spurred the development of heavy-metal-free alternatives,such as groupⅡ−Ⅵ(e.g.,ZnSe-based QDs),groupⅢ−Ⅴ(e.g.,InP,GaN QDs),and carbon dots(CDs).In this review,we discuss the key properties and development history of quantum dots(QDs),various synthesis approaches,the role of surface ligands,and important considerations in developing core/shell(C/S)structured QDs.Additionally,we provide an outlook on the challenges and future directions for blue QLEDs.
基金supported by the Science&Technology Development Fund of Tianjin Education Commission for Higher Education(No.2022KJ133).
文摘Quantum dots(QDs)can modulate the solar spectrum through the down-conversion mechanism to better match the spectral response of solar cells.Following previous work,this paper first tested the response of QD solar cells to specific monochromatic light,and found that QDs can effectively improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency(PCE)in the ultraviolet(UV)band by comparison.Then the photoelectric properties of the QD solar cells are tested under the air-mass 1.5(AM1.5)and air-mass 0(AM0)spectra.The experimental results show that because the absorption band of QDs is in the UV region,the space solar cells in the AM0 spectrum can obtain better PCE after coating QDs.The research results show the technical route of space solar cells with down-conversion mechanism,and put forward an important direction for the application of space solar photovoltaic(PV)technology,and have a good application prospect.
文摘Perovskite quantum dot light-emitting diodes(Pe-QLEDs)have shown immense application potential in display and lighting fields due to their narrow full-width at half maximum(FWHM)and high photoluminescence quantum yield(PLQY).Despite significant advancements in their performance,challenges such as defects and ion migration still hinder their long-term stability and operational efficiency.To address these issues,various optimization strategies,including ligand engineering,interface passivation,and self-assembly strategy,are being actively researched.This review focuses on the synthesis methods,challenges and optimization of perovskite quantum dots,which are critical for the commercialization and large-scale production of high-performance and stable Pe-QLEDs.
基金financial support from the Doctoral Foundation of Henan University of Engineering(No.D2022025)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U2004162)+1 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52302138)Key Project for Science and Technology Development of Henan Province(No.232102320221)。
文摘With the rapid development of electric vehicles,hybrid electric vehicles and smart grids,people's demand for large-scale energy storage devices is increasingly intense.As a new type of secondary battery,potassium ion battery is promising to replace the lithium-ion battery in the field of large-scale energy storage by virtue of its low price and environmental friendliness.At present,the research on the anode materials of potassium ion batteries mainly focuses on carbon materials and the design of various nanostructured metal-based materials.Problems such as poor rate performance and inferior cycle life caused by electrode structure comminution during charge and discharge have not been solved.Quantum dots/nanodots materials are a new type of nanomaterials that can effectively improve the utilization of electrode materials and reduce production costs.In addition,quantum dots/nanodots materials can enhance the electrode reaction kinetics,reduce the stress generated in cycling,and effectively alleviate the agglomeration and crushing of electrode materials.In this review,we will systematically introduce the synthesis methods,K+storage properties and K+storage mechanisms of carbon quantum dots and carbon-based transition metal compound quantum dots composites.This review will have significant references for potassium ion battery researchers.
基金supported by MEXT KAKENHI Grant(24K01295,26286013).
文摘Traditional p-type colloidal quantum dot(CQD)hole transport layers(HTLs)used in CQD solar cells(CQDSCs)are commonly based on organic ligands exchange and the layer-by-layer(LbL)technique.Nonetheless,the ligand detachment and complex fabrication process introduce surface defects,compromising device stability and efficiency.In this work,we propose a solution-phase ligand exchange(SPLE)method utilizing inorganic ligands to develop stable p-type lead sulfide(PbS)CQD inks for the first time.Various amounts of tin(Ⅱ)iodide(SnI_(2))were mixed with lead halide(PbX_(2);X=I,Br)in the ligand solution.By precisely controlling the SnI_(2)concentration,we regulate the transition of PbS QDs from n-type to p-type.PbS CQDSCs were fabricated using two different HTL approaches:one with 1,2-ethanedithiol(EDT)-passivated QDs via the LbL method(control)and another with inorganic ligand-passivated QD ink(target).The target devices achieved a higher power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 10.93%,compared to 9.83%for the control devices.This improvement is attributed to reduced interfacial defects and enhanced carrier mobility.The proposed technique offers an efficient pathway for producing stable p-type PbS CQD inks using inorganic ligands,paving the way for high-performance and flexible CQD-based optoelectronic devices.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 62204079)the Science and Technology Development Project of Henan Province (Nos.202300410048, 202300410057)+2 种基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 2022M711037)the Intelligence Introduction Plan of Henan Province in 2021 (No. CXJD2021008)Henan University Fund。
文摘Quantum dot(QD)-based infrared photodetector is a promising technology that can implement current monitoring,imaging and optical communication in the infrared region. However, the photodetection performance of self-powered QD devices is still limited by their unfavorable charge carrier dynamics due to their intrinsically discrete charge carrier transport process. Herein, we strategically constructed semiconducting matrix in QD film to achieve efficient charge transfer and extraction.The p-type semiconducting CuSCN was selected as energy-aligned matrix to match the n-type colloidal PbS QDs that was used as proof-of-concept. Note that the PbS QD/CuSCN matrix not only enables efficient charge carrier separation and transfer at nano-interfaces but also provides continuous charge carrier transport pathways that are different from the hoping process in neat QD film, resulting in improved charge mobility and derived collection efficiency. As a result, the target structure delivers high specific detectivity of 4.38 × 10^(12)Jones and responsivity of 782 mA/W at 808 nm, which is superior than that of the PbS QD-only photodetector(4.66 × 10^(11)Jones and 338 mA/W). This work provides a new structure candidate for efficient colloidal QD based optoelectronic devices.
基金support from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2024YFA1207700)National Natural Science Foundation of China(52072141,52102170).
文摘The quantum confinement effect fundamentally alters the optical and electronic properties of quantum dots(QDs),making them versatile building blocks for next-generation light-emitting diodes(LEDs).This study investigates how quantum confinement governs the charge transport,exciton dynamics,and emission efficiency in QD-LEDs,using CsPbI_(3) QDs as a model system.By systematically varying QD sizes,we reveal size-dependent trade-offs in LED performance,such as enhanced efficiency for smaller QDs but increased brightness and stability for larger QDs under high current densities.Our findings offer critical insights into the design of high-performance QD-LEDs,paving the way for scalable and energy-efficient optoelectronic devices.
基金Fund Project for Transformation of Scientific and Technological Achievements of Jiangsu Province of China(BA2023020)。
文摘As an essential candidate for environment-friendly luminescent quantum dots(QDs),CuInS-based QDs have attracted more attention in recent years.However,several drawbacks still hamper their industrial applications,such as lower photoluminescence quantum yield(PLQY),complex synthetic pathways,uncontrollable emission spectra,and insufficient photostability.In this study,CuInZnS@ZnS core/shell QDs was prepared via a one-pot/three-step synthetic scheme with accurate and tunable control of PL spectra.Then their ensemble spectroscopic properties during nucleation formation,alloying,and ZnS shell growth processes were systematically investigated.PL peaks of these QDs can be precisely manipulated from 530 to 850 nm by controlling the stoichiometric ratio of Cu/In,Zn^(2+)doping and ZnS shell growth.In particular,CuInZnS@ZnS QDs possess a significantly long emission lifetime(up to 750 ns),high PLQY(up to 85%),and excellent crystallinity.Their spectroscopic evolution is well validated by Cu-deficient related intragap emission model.By controlling the stoichiometric ratio of Cu/In,two distinct Cu-deficient related emission pathways are established based on the differing oxidation states of Cu defects.Therefore,this work provides deeper insights for fabricating high luminescent ternary or quaternary-alloyed QDs.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82371373,W2412120)the Shanghai Natural Science Foundation(21ZR1436100).
文摘Ischemia is a significant factor affecting the repair of peripheral nerve injuries,while exosomes have been shown to promote angiogenesis.To further investigate the detailed processes and efficacy of exosome thera⁃py for ischemic peripheral nerve injuries,this study utilized glucose-modified near-infrared-II(NIR-II)quantum dots(QDs)to label adipose-derived stem cell exosomes(QDs-ADSC-Exos),enabling long-term in vivo NIR-II imaging of exosome treatment for ischemic peripheral nerve damage.Experimental results confirmed that QDs can be used for non-invasive in vitro labeling of exosomes,with QDs-ADSC-Exos exhibiting strong fluorescence signals in the NIR-II window and demonstrating favorable NIR-II imaging characteristics in vivo.Notably,QDsADSC-Exos showed accumulation at the site of nerve injury in cases of ischemic peripheral nerve damage.Func⁃tional neurological assessments indicated that QDs-ADSC-Exos effectively promoted neural regeneration.This study highlights the potential of exosomes in treating ischemic peripheral nerve injuries and elucidates the spatio⁃temporal characteristics of exosome therapy,providing objective evidence for the further optimization of exosomebased treatment protocols.
基金Supported by National Key Research and Development Program in the 14th five year plan(2021YFA1200700)Strategic Priority Re⁃search Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB0580000)Natural Science Foundation of China(62025405,62104235,62105348).
文摘Colloidal quantum dots(CQDs)are affected by the quantum confinement effect,which makes their bandgap tunable.This characteristic allows these materials to cover a broader infrared spectrum,providing a costeffective alternative to traditional infrared detector technology.Recently,thanks to the solution processing properties of quantum dots and their ability to integrate with silicon-based readout circuits on a single chip,infrared detectors based on HgTe CQDs have shown great application prospects.However,facing the challenges of vertically stacked photovoltaic devices,such as barrier layer matching and film non-uniformity,most devices integrated with readout circuits still use a planar structure,which limits the efficiency of light absorption and the effective separation and collection of photo-generated carriers.Here,by synthesizing high-quality HgTe CQDs and precisely controlling the interface quality,we have successfully fabricated a photovoltaic detector based on HgTe and ZnO QDs.At a working temperature of 80 K,this detector achieved a low dark current of 5.23×10^(-9)A cm^(-2),a high rectification ratio,and satisfactory detection sensitivity.This work paves a new way for the vertical integration of HgTe CQDs on silicon-based readout circuits,demonstrating their great potential in the field of high-performance infrared detection.
基金supported by the Startup Research-Fund of Henan Academy of Sciences(grant number 241817242)Shenzhen Fundamental Research Scheme-General Program(JCYJ20220818100217037)+2 种基金Key University Laboratory of Highly Efficient Utilization of Solar Energy,Sustainable Development of Guangdong,Southern University of Science and Technology,Shenzhen 518055,China(Y01256331)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22379017,22179009,U22A2072)supported by the Pico Center at SUSTech CRF which receives support from the Presidential Fund and Development and Reform Commission of Shenzhen Municipality.
文摘Hybrid organic–inorganic lead halide perovskites have emerged as a promising material for high-efficiency solar cells,yet challenges related to crystallization and defects limit their performance and stability.This study investigates the use of perovskite quantum dots(QDs)as crystallization seeds to enhance the quality of FAPbI_(3)perovskite films and improve the performance of perovskite solar cells(PSCs).We demonstrate that CsPbI_(3)and CsPbBr_(3)QDs effectively guide the crystallization process,leading to the formation of larger crystals with preferential orientations,particularly the(001)and(002)planes,which are associated with reduced defect densities.This seedmediated growth strategy resulted in PSCs with power conversion efficiencies(PCEs)of 24.75%and 24.11%,respectively,compared to the baseline efficiency of 22.05%for control devices.Furthermore,devices incorporating QD-treated perovskite films exhibited remarkable stability,maintaining over 80%of their initial PCE after 1000 h of simulated sunlight exposure,a significant improvement over the control.Detailed optoelectronic characterization revealed reduced non-radiative recombination and enhanced charge transport in QD-treated devices.These findings highlight the potential of QDs as a powerful tool to improve perovskite crystallization,facet orientation,and overall device performance,offering a promising route to enhance both efficiency and stability in PSCs.
基金Sponsorship Program by CAST(2023QNRC001)University-Industry Collaborative Education Program(220901115200913,220901115201954)+2 种基金Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(2022JJ40007)Jiangsu Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Fund(CX(22)3047)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32201491)。
文摘Carbon quantum dots are a new type of fluorescent nanomaterials with broad applications in drug delivery,bioimaging,solar cells,and photocatalysis due to their unique biocompatibility,optical properties and easy functionalization.In the meantime,because of its high carbon content,renewable nature,and environmental friendliness,lignin has drawn the attention of researchers as a desirable raw material for creating carbon quantum dots.Here we review the synthesis of carbon quantum dots from lignin,focusing on synthetic methods,properties,and applications in energy,and photocatalysis.Later,we propose some new development prospects from preparation methods,luminescence mechanism research,application,and commercial cost of lignin carbon quantum dots.Finally,based on this,the development prospects of this field are prospected and summarized.
基金supported by the Singapore National Research Foundation(NRFCRP26-2021-0003,NRF),for research conducted at the National University of Singaporethe support by the ARTIC(ADT-RP2-Low Loss and Tunable Ferroelectrics for Sub-6G Applications).
文摘Sodium-ion-based electrochromic device(SECD)has been identified as an appealing cost-effective alternative of lithium-based counterparts,only if it can address the challenges in association with the inadequate electrochromic performance.In this regard,the quantized strategy is a particularly promising approach owing to the large surface-to-volume ratio and high reaction activity.However,quantum dots inevitably suffer from volume changes and undesired aggregation during electrochemical cycling.Herein,bioinspired from the robust connection of alveoli in lung,we propose a stable electrode,where WO_(3) quantum dots(WQDs)are robustly anchored on Ti_(3)C_(2) MXene through the strong chemical bonds of W-O-Ti.Theoretical results reveal the fundamental mechanism of the volume changes within WQDs and the dynamic diffusion process of sodium ions.The WQD@MXene electrodes exhibit a nearly twofold enhancement in cycling performance(1000 vs 500 cycles),coloration speed(3.2 vs 6.0 s),and areal capacity(87.5 vs 43.9 mAhm^(-2) at 0.1 mA cm^(-2)),compared to those of the pristine WQD electrode.As a proof-of-concept demonstration,a smart house system integrated with SECDs demonstrates a“3-in-1”device,enabling a combination of energy-saving,energy storage,and display functionalities.The present work significantly advances the versatile applications of cost-effective electrochromic electronics in interdisciplinary.
基金supported by the following funding:National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52070057 and 51961165104)Project of a Thousand Youth Talents(No.AUGA2160100917)Open Project of State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment,Harbin Institute of Technology(No.2019DX09)。
文摘Graphene quantum dots(GQDs)are a class of promising carbon-based nanomaterials that have attracted considerable interest from researchers due to their excellent physical,chemical,and biological properties.However,the high cost,toxicity,and laborious preparation process of GQDs also limit their widespread use.To address this issue,the actual research directions consist in replacing traditional non-renewable feedstocks via screening cheap,easily available,and renewable biomass materials based on the concept of resource conservation and environmental friendliness.Herein,the state-of-the-art technologies in the green preparation of GQDs using biomass as carbon source are reported.Initially,the green synthesis strategies as well as the structural,optical,and biosafety properties of GQDs are discussed in detail.Subsequently,the most representative applications of GQDs in energy and environmental remediation fields are summarized.Finally,the current challenges and future potential of the GQDs are presented.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.62374142 and 22005255)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Nos.20720220085 and 20720240064)+2 种基金External Cooperation Program of Fujian(No.2022I0004)Major Science and Technology Project of Xiamen in China(No.3502Z20191015)Xiamen Natural Science Foundation Youth Project(No.3502Z202471002)。
文摘Quantum dots(QDs),a type of nanoscale semiconductor material with unique optical and electrical properties like adjustable emission and high photoluminescence quantum yields,are suitable for applications in optoelectronics.However,QDs are typically degraded under humid and high-temperature circumstances,greatly limiting their practical value.Coating the QD surface with an inorganic silica layer is a feasible method for improving stability and endurance in a variety of applications.This paper comprehensively reviews silica coating methodologies on QD surfaces and explores their applications in optoelectronic domains.Firstly,the paper provides mainstream silica coating approaches,which can be divided into two categories:in-situ hydrolysis of silylating reagents on QD surfaces and template techniques for encapsulation QDs.Subsequently,the recent applications of the silica-coated QDs on optoelectronic fields including light-emitting diodes,solar cells,photodetectors were discussed.Finally,it reviews recent advances in silica-coated QD technology and prospects for future applications.
基金X.H.acknowledges the financial support by Australian Research Council(ARC)Future Fellowship(FT190100756)M.P.S.gratefully acknowledges the support by the ARC under Discovery Early Career Researcher Award(DECRA)(DE210101565)and Discovery Project(DP230101676).
文摘The discovery of quantum dots(QDs)stands as one of the paramount technological breakthroughs of the 20th century.Their versatility spans from everyday applications to cutting-edge scientific research,encompassing areas such as displays,lighting,photocatalysis,bio-imaging,and photonics devices and so on.Among the myriad QDs technologies,industrially relevant CuInS_(2)(CIS)QDs have emerged as promising alternatives to traditional Cd-and Pb-based QDs.Their tunable optoelectronic properties,high absorption coefficient,compositional flexibility,remarkable stability as well as Restriction of Hazardous Substances-compliance,with recent trends revealing a renewed interest in this material for various visible and near-infrared technological applications.This review focuses on recent advancements in CIS QDs as multidisciplinary field from its genesis in the mid-1990 to date with an emphasis on key breakthroughs in their synthesis,surface chemistry,post-synthesis modifications,and various applications.First,the comparation of properties of CIS QDs with relevant knowledge from other classes of QDs and from Ⅰ-Ⅱ-Ⅲ semiconductors as well is summarized.Second,recent advances in the synthesis methods,structure-optoelectronic properties,their defects,and passivation strategies as well as CIS-based heterostructures are discussed.Third,the state-of-the-art applications of CIS QDs ranging from solar cells,luminescence solar concentrations,photocatalysis,light emitting diodes,bioimaging and some emerging applications are summarized.Finally,we discuss open challenges and future perspectives for further advancement in this field.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22376174)the Natural Science Foundation of Xiamen Municipality(No.2022FCX012503010342).
文摘Black phosphorus quantum dots(BPQDs)have been used as the nano-carrier in the field of biomedicine due to their excellent electronic conductivity,optical and thermoelectric properties.However,it is still lack of evaluation of the safety of BPQDs,specifically on the effects and mechanisms of BPQDs on heart.In this study,the specific pathogen-free male mice were orally administered with different doses of BPQDs(0.02,0.1,0.5 mg/kg)for 28 days.BPQDs exposure decreased the heart-body ratio and caused cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis.Additionally,ferroptosis was observed in the cardiac tissue.The recent study has shown BPQDs oral exposure alter gut microbiota.Here,after exposure to 0.1 mg/kg BPQDs for 28 days,the germ-free mice showed neither cardiac injury nor ferroptosis.Taken together,the study demonstrates that BPQDs induce cardiac ferroptosis and fibrosis,possibly mediated by gut microbiota.This research may aid in enhancing understanding of the biosafety of BP nanomaterials and promoting the sustainable development of nanotechnology.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22361024 and 22471055)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province(20232ACB203001)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(B2024202021,B2022202039)S&T Program of Hebei(236Z4308G)。
文摘The photocatalytic hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))production by graphitic carbon nitride is a sustainable and environment-benign alternative approach of conventional anthraquinone autoxidation technology,but it is great challenges to promote two-electron O_(2)reduction and water oxidation.Herein,we present the well-dispersed graphitic carbon nitride quantum dots decorated with cyano groups(Na-CNQD and K-CNQD)by thermal polymerization of melamine in the presence of metal fluoride.The quantum confinement and edge effect have endowed the photocatalysts with rich active sites,wide light absorption range and the inhibited charge recombination.The cyano moieties function as O_(2)reduction centers to accept the photogenerated electrons and facilitate their rapid transfer to O_(2)molecules.This process enables the selective two-electron reduction of O_(2),leading to the production of H_(2)O_(2).Concurrently,the valence band holes on the heptazine moiety oxidize water into H_(2)O_(2).These synergistic effects promote photocatalytic H_(2)O_(2)production from O_(2)and H_(2)O without the need for additional photosensitizers,organic scavengers and co-catalysts.In contrast,pristine carbon nitride nanosheets remain inactive under the same conditions.This study offers new strategies for rational design of carbon-based materials for solar-to-chemical energy conversion.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NFSC No.22122805,U21A20310,22075090,and 22278164)the Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou,China(No.2024A04J1540)。
文摘A strong built-in electric field(V_(bi))is the key to achieving rapid separation of photogenerated carriers in perovskite solar cells.This is particularly important for hole transport layer(HTL)free carbon-based perovskite solar cells(C-PSCs),which have a large interface energy level mismatch.The regulation of perovslite's surface energetics is an effective way to improve the V_(bi)and promote charge extraction,which is typically achieved by organic molecules.However,the insulating nature of organic molecules also negatively hinders charge transfer,resulting in a contradiction of"extraction-transport".Quantum dots(Q.Ds)have great potential for energetics regulation of perovskite film due to their semiconductor properties and inherent large dipole moments,but have not yet been explored.In this work,we propose a strategy of discrete embedding semiconductor QDs at the surface grain boundaries of the perovskite film to regulate surface energetics.The QDs change the energetics of the perovskite film surface,transforming the surface energetics from n-to p-type,thus constructing p-n homojunction at the interface.This significantly enhances the Vbi at the perovskite/carbon electrode interface,promoting hole extraction.In addition,the embedded discrete distribution of QDs at the upper surface grain boundaries ensures efficient transport of the extracted holes to the carbon electrode,overcoming the contradiction of"extraction-transport"for traditional energetics control strategies.Consequently,the fabricated planar HTL-free C-PSCs achieve an efficiency of 20.10%(certified 19.8%),which is one of the highest values reported for this kind of device.
