Infrared(IR)spectroscopy,a technique within the realm of molecular vibrational spectroscopy,furnishes distinctive chemical signatures pivotal for both structural analysis and compound identification.A notable challeng...Infrared(IR)spectroscopy,a technique within the realm of molecular vibrational spectroscopy,furnishes distinctive chemical signatures pivotal for both structural analysis and compound identification.A notable challenge emerges from the misalignment between the mid-IR light wavelength range and molecular dimensions,culminating in a constrained absorption cross-section and diminished vibrational absorption coefficients(Supplementary data).展开更多
The dynamic,heterogeneous nature of Edge computing in the Internet of Things(Edge-IoT)and Industrial IoT(IIoT)networks brings unique and evolving cybersecurity challenges.This study maps cyber threats in Edge-IoT/IIoT...The dynamic,heterogeneous nature of Edge computing in the Internet of Things(Edge-IoT)and Industrial IoT(IIoT)networks brings unique and evolving cybersecurity challenges.This study maps cyber threats in Edge-IoT/IIoT environments to the Adversarial Tactics,Techniques,and Common Knowledge(ATT&CK)framework by MITRE and introduces a lightweight,data-driven scoring model that enables rapid identification and prioritization of attacks.Inspired by the Factor Analysis of Information Risk model,our proposed scoring model integrates four key metrics:Common Vulnerability Scoring System(CVSS)-based severity scoring,Cyber Kill Chain–based difficulty estimation,Deep Neural Networks-driven detection scoring,and frequency analysis based on dataset prevalence.By aggregating these indicators,the model generates comprehensive risk profiles,facilitating actionable prioritization of threats.Robustness and stability of the scoring model are validated through non-parametric correlation analysis using Spearman’s and Kendall’s rank correlation coefficients,demonstrating consistent performance across diverse scenarios.The approach culminates in a prioritized attack ranking that provides actionable guidance for risk mitigation and resource allocation in Edge-IoT/IIoT security operations.By leveraging real-world data to align MITRE ATT&CK techniques with CVSS metrics,the framework offers a standardized and practically applicable solution for consistent threat assessment in operational settings.The proposed lightweight scoring model delivers rapid and reliable results under dynamic cyber conditions,facilitating timely identification of attack scenarios and prioritization of response strategies.Our systematic integration of established taxonomies with data-driven indicators strengthens practical risk management and supports strategic planning in next-generation IoT deployments.Ultimately,this work advances adaptive threat modeling for Edge/IIoT ecosystems and establishes a robust foundation for evidence-based prioritization in emerging cyber-physical infrastructures.展开更多
Cryptocurrency,a booming decentralised asset designed based on the blockchain architecture,is particularly important to the market at the present time by studying the volatility risk of cryptocurrencies.In this paper,...Cryptocurrency,a booming decentralised asset designed based on the blockchain architecture,is particularly important to the market at the present time by studying the volatility risk of cryptocurrencies.In this paper,we empirically analyse the volatility risk of cryptocurrencies through quantitative analysis models,comprehensively using the Markov state transition GARCH model with skewed distribution(Skew-MSGARCH)and the autoregressive conditional volatility density ARJI model introducing the Poisson jump factor,and selecting the earliest developed and the most mature currency price volatility daily return series,to deeply explore the volatility risk of digital cryptocurrencies.risk.Finally,it can be seen through in-depth analyses that the expectation factor and information inducement are the main reasons leading to the exacerbation of the volatility risk of digital cryptocurrencies.It is recommended that this situation be optimised and improved in terms of the value function of digital cryptocurrencies themselves and the implementation of systematic risk management and regulatory innovation.As an important component of the digital economy,blockchain technology can effectively regulate and improve the volatility of digital cryptocurrencies under macroeconomic policies,thereby maintaining the security and stability of emerging financial markets.展开更多
Objective To quantitatively analyze the policy of centralized drug procurement centralized drug procurement in order to provide reference for the subsequent policy formulation and improvement.Methods Text mining metho...Objective To quantitatively analyze the policy of centralized drug procurement centralized drug procurement in order to provide reference for the subsequent policy formulation and improvement.Methods Text mining method was used to process 15 centralized drugs procurement policies issued at the national level during 2015-2022,and a PMC index evaluation model of centralized drug procurement policies was established.Then,15 centralized drug procurement policies were quantitatively analyzed from the overall and comparative perspective through an evaluation model.Results and Conclusion The average PMC index of 15 centralized drug procurement policies was 6.95,which was acceptable on the whole.Among them,eight were excellent and seven were acceptable.As to the first-order variables,the centralized drugs procurement policy still lacks incentives and constraints.The comparative results show that there are differences in the content and structure of policies,but they are strongly related to each other.Chinese centralized drug procurement policy has been basically formed,which is closely related to medical insurance and medical policies.However,it is still necessary to pay attention to the structure of the policy to ensure the elaboration of the policy content.展开更多
Optimization and simplification of optical systems represent a milestone in advancing the development of handheld and portable laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy(LIBS)systems towards smaller,more integrated forms.Th...Optimization and simplification of optical systems represent a milestone in advancing the development of handheld and portable laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy(LIBS)systems towards smaller,more integrated forms.This research,for the first time,conducted a comprehensive optimization design and comparative analysis of three compact LIBS system optical paths:the paraxial optical path(OP),the off-axis OP,and the reflective OP.The differences in spectral intensity and stability among these paths were revealed,providing a scientific basis for selecting the optimal OP for LIBS systems.The research found that the paraxial OP excels in spectral performance and quantitative analysis accuracy,making it the preferred choice for compact LIBS systems.Specifically,the paraxial OP significantly enhances spectral intensity,achieving a 6 times improvement over the off-axis OP and an even more remarkable 150 times increase compared to the reflective OP,greatly enhancing detection sensitivity.Additionally,the relative standard deviation,spectral stability index,maintains a consistently low level,ranging from 10.9%to 13.4%,significantly outperforming the other two OPs and ensuring the reliability of analytical results.In the field of quantitative analysis,the paraxial OP also demonstrates higher accuracy,precision,and sensitivity,comparing to other OPs.The quantitative analysis models for Si,Cu,and Ti elements exhibit excellent fitting,providing users with high-quality quantitative analysis results that are of great significance for applications in material science,environmental monitoring,industrial inspection,and other fields.In summary,this study not only confirms the enormous application potential of the paraxial OP in compact LIBS systems but also provides valuable practical experience and theoretical support for the miniaturization and integration of LIBS systems.Looking ahead,with continuous technological advancements,the design of the paraxial OP is expected to further propel the widespread adoption of LIBS technology in portable,on-site detection applications.展开更多
3-Nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one(NTO)is a typical high-energy,low-sensitivity explosive,and accurate concentration monitoring is critical for crystallization process control.In this study,a high-precision quantitative anal...3-Nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one(NTO)is a typical high-energy,low-sensitivity explosive,and accurate concentration monitoring is critical for crystallization process control.In this study,a high-precision quantitative analytical model for NTO concentration in ethanol solutions was developed by integrating real-time ATR-FTIR spectroscopy with chemometric and machine learning techniques.Dynamic spectral data were obtained by designing multi-concentration gradient heating-cooling cycle experiments,abnormal samples were eliminated using the isolation forest algorithm,and the effects of various preprocessing methods on model performance were systematically evaluated.The results show that partial least squares regression(PLSR)exhibits superior generalization ability compared to other models.Vibrational bands corresponding to C=O and–NO_(2)were identified as key predictors for concentration estimation.This work provides an efficient and reliable solution for real-time concentration monitoring during NTO crystallization and holds significant potential for process analytical applications in energetic material manufacturing.展开更多
Sulfur dioxide(SO_(2)) and its derivatives have been recognized as harmful environmental pollutants.However,they are often produced during the processing of traditional Chinese medicines,potentially compromising the q...Sulfur dioxide(SO_(2)) and its derivatives have been recognized as harmful environmental pollutants.However,they are often produced during the processing of traditional Chinese medicines,potentially compromising the quality of these medicinal materials and contributing to various health issues.Due to a lack of effective monitoring and imaging tools,the physiological effects of excessive SO_(2) residues in traditional Chinese medicine remain unclear.Therefore,developing a rapid and effective tool for detecting SO_(2) is crucial for understanding its metabolic pathways and effects in vivo.In this study,we developed a near infrared(NIR) and ratiometric fluorescent probe,NIR-RS,which exhibits high sensitivity,selectivity,and rapid response for SO_(2) detection.Notably,NIR-RS accurately quantifies SO_(2) contents in Pinelliae rhizoma(P.rhizoma) samples,with recovery rates from 98.46 % to 102.40 %,and relative standard deviations(RSDs)< 5.0 %.For bioimaging applications,NIR-RS has low cytotoxicity and good mitochondrial-targeting ability,making it suitable for imaging exogenous and endogenous SO_(2) in mitochondria.Additionally,NIR-RS was successfully applied to image SO_(2) content of P.rhizoma samples within cells,revealing that high SO_(2) residue elevated mitochondria adenosine triphosphate(ATP) content,these findings reveal that P.rhizoma with excessive SO_(2) can affect the organism's growth mechanisms through alterations in ATP pathways.In vivo,SO_(2) was found to predominantly accumulate in the liver following gavage with P.rhizoma solution,with accumulation levels increasing in proportion to SO_(2) residue concentration.High SO_(2) concentrations in P.rhizoma can cause pulmonary fibrosis and gastric mucosal damage.This work provides a valuable tool for regulating SO_(2) content in P.rhizoma and may help researcher better understand the metabolism of SO_(2) derivatives and explore their physiological roles in biological systems.展开更多
Background Quantitative flow ratio(QFR)based lesion selection for percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)treatment has shown clinical benefits in terms of reduced risk for myocardial infarction and repeat revasculariz...Background Quantitative flow ratio(QFR)based lesion selection for percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)treatment has shown clinical benefits in terms of reduced risk for myocardial infarction and repeat revascularization.Whether this benefit is consistent across different age groups still needs further investigation.Methods In this prespecified subgroup study of FAVORⅢChina trial,we compared long-term clinical outcomes between QFR-guided and angiography-guided PCI among different age groups among 3825 enrolled subjects.The primary endpoint was major adverse cardiac events(MACEs),a composite of all-cause death,myocardial infarction,and ischemia-driven revascularization.Results Of the 3825 patients,1717(44.9%)were aged≥65 years.At baseline,patients≥65 had higher rates of hypertension,hyperlipidaemia,stroke history(P<0.0001),and peripheral vascular disease(P=0.024)and had higher SYNTAX scores(P=0.0095).Compared with standard angiography guidance,the QFR-guided strategy consistently reduced the 1-year(≥65 years,6.04%vs.9.19%,HR=0.65,95%CI:0.46–0.92;<65 years,5.53%vs.8.43%,HR=0.65,95%CI:0.47–0.91)and 3-year MACE rates in both age groups(≥65 years,11.8%vs.15.2%,HR:0.75,95%CI:0.58–0.98;<65 years,9.5%vs.14.6%,HR=0.63;95%CI:0.49–0.81),without a significant interaction(Pinteraction=0.99).Within the QFR-guided group,the 3-year MACE rate in patients with deferred vessels was numerically greater in patients aged≥65 years than in those aged<65 years(8.3%vs.3.0%,P=0.10).Conclusions Although with higher rate of comorbidities and more complex coronary anatomy,the long-term benefit of the QFR-guided PCI strategy remained consistent in patients≥65 years,compared with those<65 years.展开更多
Border-associated macrophages are located at the interface between the brain and the periphery, including the perivascular spaces, choroid plexus, and meninges. Until recently, the functions of border-associated macro...Border-associated macrophages are located at the interface between the brain and the periphery, including the perivascular spaces, choroid plexus, and meninges. Until recently, the functions of border-associated macrophages have been poorly understood and largely overlooked. However, a recent study reported that border-associated macrophages participate in stroke-induced inflammation, although many details and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we performed a comprehensive single-cell analysis of mouse border-associated macrophages using sequencing data obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO) database(GSE174574 and GSE225948). Differentially expressed genes were identified, and enrichment analysis was performed to identify the transcription profile of border-associated macrophages. CellChat analysis was conducted to determine the cell communication network of border-associated macrophages. Transcription factors were predicted using the ‘pySCENIC' tool. We found that, in response to hypoxia, borderassociated macrophages underwent dynamic transcriptional changes and participated in the regulation of inflammatory-related pathways. Notably, the tumor necrosis factor pathway was activated by border-associated macrophages following ischemic stroke. The pySCENIC analysis indicated that the activity of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(Stat3) was obviously upregulated in stroke, suggesting that Stat3 inhibition may be a promising strategy for treating border-associated macrophages-induced neuroinflammation. Finally, we constructed an animal model to investigate the effects of border-associated macrophages depletion following a stroke. Treatment with liposomes containing clodronate significantly reduced infarct volume in the animals and improved neurological scores compared with untreated animals. Taken together, our results demonstrate comprehensive changes in border-associated macrophages following a stroke, providing a theoretical basis for targeting border-associated macrophages-induced neuroinflammation in stroke treatment.展开更多
Malignant ureteral obstruction may lead to renal function damage,renal colic,and infection.The impact of obstructive development on ureteral peristalsis was rarely studied,which requires further investigation.This stu...Malignant ureteral obstruction may lead to renal function damage,renal colic,and infection.The impact of obstructive development on ureteral peristalsis was rarely studied,which requires further investigation.This study used theoretical biomechanical methods to study the motion characteristics of the ureteral wall and obtained the radial motion equation of the ureteral wall.The motion equation was solved by 4-5th order Runge Kutta method.Analyze the motion equation of the ureteral wall,derive the expression for malignant obstructive ureteral pressure,as well as the analytical expressions for radial displacement and circumferential stress of the ureteral wall.By analyzing the radial motion equation of the ureter,it can be found that peristalsis is influenced by the pressure difference between inside and outside.The analytical solutions for radial displacement and stress contained exponential terms.Under the condition of 50%obstruction,the displacement and stress of the ureter were reduced by 90.53%and 81.10%,respectively.This study established the radial motion equation of the ureter and provided analytical solutions for the radial displacement and stress of the obstructed ureter.Based on the radial motion equation of the ureter,the radial motion characteristics of the ureteral wall were explored,including peristalsis and disappearance of peristalsis.This study provided a quantitative relationship between ureteral obstruction and peristalsis.As the degree of obstruction increased,ureteral peristalsis gradually weakened or even disappeared.展开更多
First,statistics on the operational lines and mileage of urban rail transit in China are conducted.The results show that,as of Dec.31,2025,there were 60 cities with urban rail transit in operation nationwide,with a to...First,statistics on the operational lines and mileage of urban rail transit in China are conducted.The results show that,as of Dec.31,2025,there were 60 cities with urban rail transit in operation nationwide,with a total operational mileage of approximately 12837.8 km(excluding the electronic guideway rubber-tired system,there were 57 cities,with a total operational mileage of 12651.6 km).The metro system dominates,while low-capacity systems exhibit a multi-modal development pattern.Subsequently,the characteristics of China′s urban rail transit industry development are analyzed,indicating that:(1)It should closely align with the theme of urban intensive development,promote quality improvement and efficiency enhancement of existing lines,and focus on the supporting role of initial passenger flow for new line construction,multi-network integration,and economic and financial sustainability.(2)Significant innovative achievements have been made in safety resilience,green and low-carbon development,intelligent construction,and digital transformation.Finally,development recommendations for the"15th Five-Year Plan"period are proposed:promoting cost reduction and efficiency improvement in the rail transit industry,enhancing the operational efficiency of existing networks,continuously exploring railway services for urban commuting,strengthening external exchanges,and driving the"going global"strategy of the urban rail transit industry.展开更多
Six new lanthanide complexes:[Ln(3,4-DEOBA)3(4,4'-DM-2,2'-bipy)]2·2C_(2)H_(5)OH,[Ln=Dy(1),Eu(2),Tb(3),Sm(4),Ho(5),Gd(6);3,4-DEOBA-=3,4-diethoxybenzoate,4,4'-DM-2,2'-bipy=4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'...Six new lanthanide complexes:[Ln(3,4-DEOBA)3(4,4'-DM-2,2'-bipy)]2·2C_(2)H_(5)OH,[Ln=Dy(1),Eu(2),Tb(3),Sm(4),Ho(5),Gd(6);3,4-DEOBA-=3,4-diethoxybenzoate,4,4'-DM-2,2'-bipy=4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine]were successfully synthesized by the volatilization of the solution at room temperature.The crystal structures of six complexes were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction technology.The results showed that the complexes all have a binuclear structure,and the structures contain free ethanol molecules.Moreover,the coordination number of the central metal of each structural unit is eight.Adjacent structural units interact with each other through hydrogen bonds and further expand to form 1D chain-like and 2D planar structures.After conducting a systematic study on the luminescence properties of complexes 1-4,their emission and excitation spectra were obtained.Experimental results indicated that the fluorescence lifetimes of complexes 2 and 3 were 0.807 and 0.845 ms,respectively.The emission spectral data of complexes 1-4 were imported into the CIE chromaticity coordinate system,and their corre sponding luminescent regions cover the yellow light,red light,green light,and orange-red light bands,respectively.Within the temperature range of 299.15-1300 K,the thermal decomposition processes of the six complexes were comprehensively analyzed by using TG-DSC/FTIR/MS technology.The hypothesis of the gradual loss of ligand groups during the decomposition process was verified by detecting the escaped gas,3D infrared spectroscopy,and ion fragment information detected by mass spectrometry.The specific decomposition path is as follows:firstly,free ethanol molecules and neutral ligands are removed,and finally,acidic ligands are released;the final product is the corresponding metal oxide.CCDC:2430420,1;2430422,2;2430419,3;2430424,4;2430421,5;2430423,6.展开更多
The Savitzky-Golay(SG)filter,which employs polynomial least-squares approximations to smooth data and estimate derivatives,is widely used for processing noisy data.However,noise suppression by the SG filter is recogni...The Savitzky-Golay(SG)filter,which employs polynomial least-squares approximations to smooth data and estimate derivatives,is widely used for processing noisy data.However,noise suppression by the SG filter is recognized to be limited at data boundaries and high frequencies,which can significantly reduce the signal-to-noise ratio(SNR).To solve this problem,a novel method synergistically integrating Principal Component Analysis(PCA)with SG filtering is proposed in this paper.This approach avoids the is-sue of excessive smoothing associated with larger window sizes.The proposed PCA-SG filtering algorithm was applied to a CO gas sensing system based on Cavity Ring-Down Spectroscopy(CRDS).The perform-ance of the PCA-SG filtering algorithm is demonstrated through comparison with Moving Average Filtering(MAF),Wavelet Transformation(WT),Kalman Filtering(KF),and the SG filter.The results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm exhibits superior noise reduction capabilities compared to the other algorithms evaluated.The SNR of the ring-down signal was improved from 11.8612 dB to 29.0913 dB,and the stand-ard deviation of the extracted ring-down time constant was reduced from 0.037μs to 0.018μs.These results confirm that the proposed PCA-SG filtering algorithm effectively improves the smoothness of the ring-down curve data,demonstrating its feasibility.展开更多
The detection and characterization of non-metallic inclusions are essential for clean steel production.Recently,imaging analysis combined with high-dimensional data processing of metallic materials using artificial in...The detection and characterization of non-metallic inclusions are essential for clean steel production.Recently,imaging analysis combined with high-dimensional data processing of metallic materials using artificial intelligence(AI)-based machine learning(ML)has developed rapidly.This technique has achieved impressive results in the field of inclusion classification in process metallurgy.The present study surveys the ML modeling of inclusion prediction in advanced steels,including the detection,classification,and feature prediction of inclusions in different steel grades.Studies on clean steel with different features based on data and image analysis via ML are summarized.Regarding the data analysis,the inclusion prediction methodology based on ML establishes a connection between the experimental parameters and inclusion characteristics and analyzes the importance of the experimental parameters.Regarding the image analysis,the focus is placed on the classification of different types of inclusions via deep learning,in comparison with data analysis.Finally,further development of inclusion analyses using ML-based methods is recommended.This work paves the way for the application of AIbased methodologies for ultraclean-steel studies from a sustainable metallurgy perspective.展开更多
Dissecting quantitative traits into Mendelian factors is a great challenge in genetics.Apple fruit storability is a complex trait controlled by multi-genes with unequal effects.We previously identified62 quantitative ...Dissecting quantitative traits into Mendelian factors is a great challenge in genetics.Apple fruit storability is a complex trait controlled by multi-genes with unequal effects.We previously identified62 quantitative trait loci(QTLs)associated with apple fruit storability and genomics-assisted prediction(GAP)models were trained using 56 QTLbased markers.Here,three candidate genes,Md NAC83,Md BPM2,and Md RGLG3,were screened from the regions of QTLs with large G'value and large genetic effects.Both a 216-bp deletion and an SNP934 T/C at the promoter of Md NAC83 were associated with higher Md NAC83expression but an SNP388 G/A at the coding region significantly reduced the activity to activate the expression of the target genes Md ACO1,Md MANA3,and Md XTH28.Md BPM2 and Md RGLG3 participated in the ubiquitination of Md NAC83.SNP657 T/A of Md BPM2 and SNP167C/G of Md RGLG3 caused a reduction in the activity to ubiquitinate Md NAC83.By the addition of functional markers to the Geno Baits SNP array,the prediction accuracy of the updated GAP models increased to 0.7723/0.6231 and 0.5639/0.5345 for flesh firmness/crispness at harvest and flesh firmness/crispness retainability,respectively.The variation network involving eight simple Mendelian variations in six genes helps to gain insight into the molecular quantitative genetics,to improve breeding strategy,and to provide targets for future genome editing.展开更多
Under earthquake action, different site conditions have a notable impact on the dynamic response of high-speed railway bridges after earthquakes, which in turn poses a threat to the running stability of trains in the ...Under earthquake action, different site conditions have a notable impact on the dynamic response of high-speed railway bridges after earthquakes, which in turn poses a threat to the running stability of trains in the post-earthquake period. Therefore, establishing a calculation method for the post-earthquake train speed threshold that considers the influence of different site characteristics is of great engineering significance. Taking the CRTS Ⅲ slab track as the research object, this study is based on the track irregularity root mean square rate(TRR), which the authors proposed earlier to quantify the track regularity level. Using the nonlinear least squares fitting method, the mapping relationship between the TRR and the postearthquake train running performance indicators on bridges is established. Furthermore, the influence of laws governing site categories and train speeds on post-earthquake train running performance on bridges is analyzed, and a train speed threshold for bridges based on running performance under random site conditions is proposed. The research results indicate that all train running performance indicators increase significantly with the increase of train operating speed;different site categories have a significant impact on post-earthquake track residual deformation and train running stability. The greater the amplitude of postearthquake track alignment residual deformation, the lower the threshold for the stable running speed of trains after the earthquake, with the speed threshold decreasing by up to 20%. The research outcomes can provide technical references for the post-earthquake safe operation and maintenance of high-speed railway bridges under complex site conditions, as well as the formulation of targeted train speed control schemes.展开更多
Background:Receptor-interacting protein kinases(RIPKs)regulate cell death,inflammation,and immune responses,yet their roles in cancer are not fully understood.This study investigates the expression,genomic alterations...Background:Receptor-interacting protein kinases(RIPKs)regulate cell death,inflammation,and immune responses,yet their roles in cancer are not fully understood.This study investigates the expression,genomic alterations,and functional implications of RIPK family members across various cancers.Methods:We collected multi-omics data from The Cancer Genome Atlas and other public databases,including gene expression,copy number variation(CNV),mutation,methylation,tumor mutation burden(TMB),and microsatellite instability(MSI).Differential expression and survival analyses were performed using DESeq2 and Cox proportional hazards models.CNV and mutation data were analyzed with GISTIC2 and Mutect2,and methylation data with the ChAMP package.Correlations with TMB and MSI were assessed using Pearson coefficients,and gene set enrichment analysis was conducted with the MSigDB Hallmark gene sets.Results:RIPK family members show significant differential expression in various cancers,with RIPK1 and RIPK4 frequently altered.Survival analysis reveals heterogeneous impacts on overall survival.CNV and mutation analyses identify high alteration frequencies for RIPK2 and RIPK7,affecting gene expression.RIPK1 and RIPK7 are hypermethylated in several cancers,inversely correlating with RIPK3 expression.RIPK1,RIPK2,RIPK5,RIPK6,and RIPK7 correlate positively with TMB,while RIPK3 shows negative correlations in some cancers.MSI analysis indicates associations with DNA mismatch repair.G ene set enrichment analysis highlights immune-related pathway enrichment for RIPK1,RIPK2,RIPK3,and RIPK6,and cell proliferation and DNA repair pathways for RIPK4 and RIPK5.RIPK family members showed heterogeneous alterations across cancers:for example,RIPK7 was mutated in up to~15%of u terine c orpus e ndometrial c arcinoma and l ung s quamous c ell c arcinoma cases,and RIPK1 and RIPK7 exhibited frequent promoter hypermethylation in multiple tumor types.Several genes displayed context-dependent associations with overall survival and with TMB/MSI.Conclusion:This pan-cancer analysis of the RIPK family reveals their diverse roles and potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.The findings emphasize the importance of RIPK genes in tumorigenesis and suggest context-dependent functions across cancer types.Further studies are needed to explore their mechanisms in cancer development and clinical applications.展开更多
[Objective]This study aims to investigate the multi-body hydrodynamic interaction mechanisms during offshore lifting operations of aquaculture net cages in wind-fishery integration systems.By integrating numerical sim...[Objective]This study aims to investigate the multi-body hydrodynamic interaction mechanisms during offshore lifting operations of aquaculture net cages in wind-fishery integration systems.By integrating numerical simulations and dynamic analysis methods,this study systematically investigates the coupled dynamic response characteristics during the cage-carrier vessel separation process to reveal its dynamic evolution patterns and key influence mechanisms.[Method]Based on potential flow theory,a fully coupled dynamic analysis model of crane vessel-net cage-semi-submersible barge was established for a marine ranch project in Guangdong.The complete lifting process was dynamically simulated using SESAM software.Five typical operating sea states were configured to investigate the influence of wave parameters on the system's motion response under combined wave-current-wind actions.[Result]The results demonstrate that wave period dominates the system stability.Under short-period conditions,the system maintains stable motion with relatively small horizontal relative displacements,while long-period conditions excite low-frequency resonance,leading to significant slow-drift motions.Vertical response analysis reveals that long-period waves cause severe relative displacement fluctuations between the cage and semi-submersible vessel,with actual displacement amplitudes doubling the preset safety target of 2.045 m.Quantitative analysis further indicates that when significant wave height increases from 1.0 m to 1.5 m,the actual displacement amplitude increases by approximately 20%relative to the target displacement of 2.045 m,demonstrating that its influence is significantly weaker than the displacement variations induced by wave period changes.The complete dynamic simulation successfully captures the continuous dynamic response characteristics during the lifting process.[Conclusion]This research clarifies the influence mechanisms of wave parameters on the cage lifting process,identifying wave period as the crucial factor for operational safety.An operation window assessment method incorporating multi-body coupling effects is established,proposing a safety criterion with peak period not exceeding six seconds as the core requirement.The findings provide theoretical foundation for safe installation of marine ranch net cages and offer valuable references for similar offshore lifting operations.展开更多
The sulfation and decomposition process has proven effective in selectively extracting lithium from lepidolite.It is essential to clarify the thermochemical behavior and kinetic parameters of decomposition reactions.A...The sulfation and decomposition process has proven effective in selectively extracting lithium from lepidolite.It is essential to clarify the thermochemical behavior and kinetic parameters of decomposition reactions.Accordingly,comprehensive kinetic study by employing thermalgravimetric analysis at various heating rates was presented in this paper.Two main weight loss regions were observed during heating.The initial region corresponded to the dehydration of crystal water,whereas the subsequent region with overlapping peaks involved complex decomposition reactions.The overlapping peaks were separated into two individual reaction peaks and the activation energy of each peak was calculated using isoconversional kinetics methods.The activation energy of peak 1 exhibited a continual increase as the reaction conversion progressed,while that of peak 2 steadily decreased.The optimal kinetic models,identified as belonging to the random nucleation and subsequent growth category,provided valuable insights into the mechanism of the decomposition reactions.Furthermore,the adjustment factor was introduced to reconstruct the kinetic mechanism models,and the reconstructed models described the kinetic mechanism model more accurately for the decomposition reactions.This study enhanced the understanding of the thermochemical behavior and kinetic parameters of the lepidolite sulfation product decomposition reactions,further providing theoretical basis for promoting the selective extraction of lithium.展开更多
With the rapid proliferation of electric vehicles,their charging loads pose new challenges to power grid stability and operational efficiency.To address this,this study employs a Monte Carlo simulation model to analyz...With the rapid proliferation of electric vehicles,their charging loads pose new challenges to power grid stability and operational efficiency.To address this,this study employs a Monte Carlo simulation model to analyze the charging load characteristics of six battery electric vehicle categories in Hebei Province,leveraging multi-source probabilistic distribution data under typical operational scenarios.The findings reveal that electric vehicle charging loads are primarily concentrated during midday and nighttime periods,with significant load fluctuations exerting substantial pressure on the grid.In response,this paper proposes strategic interventions including optimized charging infrastructure planning,time-of-use electricity pricing mechanisms,and smart charging technologies to balance grid loads.The results provide a theoretical foundation for electric vehicle load forecasting,smart grid dispatching,and vehicle-grid integration,thereby enhancing grid operational efficiency and sustainability.展开更多
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.:32301161)the Natural Scientific Foundation of Hunan Province,China(Grant No.:2023JJ60052)+3 种基金the Scientific Research Project of Hunan Provincial Health Commission,China(Grant No.:202112062218,20190161)the Scientific Research Project of Hunan Provincial Department of Education,China(Grant No.:22B0455)the Clinical“4310”Project of the University of South China,China(Grant No.:20224310NHYCG02)the Doctoral Scientific Research Foundation of University of South China,China(Grant No.:200XQD042).
文摘Infrared(IR)spectroscopy,a technique within the realm of molecular vibrational spectroscopy,furnishes distinctive chemical signatures pivotal for both structural analysis and compound identification.A notable challenge emerges from the misalignment between the mid-IR light wavelength range and molecular dimensions,culminating in a constrained absorption cross-section and diminished vibrational absorption coefficients(Supplementary data).
基金supported by the“Regional Innovation System&Education(RISE)”through the Seoul RISE Center,funded by the Ministry of Education(MOE)and the Seoul Metropolitan Government(2025-RISE-01-018-05)supported by Quad Miners Corp。
文摘The dynamic,heterogeneous nature of Edge computing in the Internet of Things(Edge-IoT)and Industrial IoT(IIoT)networks brings unique and evolving cybersecurity challenges.This study maps cyber threats in Edge-IoT/IIoT environments to the Adversarial Tactics,Techniques,and Common Knowledge(ATT&CK)framework by MITRE and introduces a lightweight,data-driven scoring model that enables rapid identification and prioritization of attacks.Inspired by the Factor Analysis of Information Risk model,our proposed scoring model integrates four key metrics:Common Vulnerability Scoring System(CVSS)-based severity scoring,Cyber Kill Chain–based difficulty estimation,Deep Neural Networks-driven detection scoring,and frequency analysis based on dataset prevalence.By aggregating these indicators,the model generates comprehensive risk profiles,facilitating actionable prioritization of threats.Robustness and stability of the scoring model are validated through non-parametric correlation analysis using Spearman’s and Kendall’s rank correlation coefficients,demonstrating consistent performance across diverse scenarios.The approach culminates in a prioritized attack ranking that provides actionable guidance for risk mitigation and resource allocation in Edge-IoT/IIoT security operations.By leveraging real-world data to align MITRE ATT&CK techniques with CVSS metrics,the framework offers a standardized and practically applicable solution for consistent threat assessment in operational settings.The proposed lightweight scoring model delivers rapid and reliable results under dynamic cyber conditions,facilitating timely identification of attack scenarios and prioritization of response strategies.Our systematic integration of established taxonomies with data-driven indicators strengthens practical risk management and supports strategic planning in next-generation IoT deployments.Ultimately,this work advances adaptive threat modeling for Edge/IIoT ecosystems and establishes a robust foundation for evidence-based prioritization in emerging cyber-physical infrastructures.
文摘Cryptocurrency,a booming decentralised asset designed based on the blockchain architecture,is particularly important to the market at the present time by studying the volatility risk of cryptocurrencies.In this paper,we empirically analyse the volatility risk of cryptocurrencies through quantitative analysis models,comprehensively using the Markov state transition GARCH model with skewed distribution(Skew-MSGARCH)and the autoregressive conditional volatility density ARJI model introducing the Poisson jump factor,and selecting the earliest developed and the most mature currency price volatility daily return series,to deeply explore the volatility risk of digital cryptocurrencies.risk.Finally,it can be seen through in-depth analyses that the expectation factor and information inducement are the main reasons leading to the exacerbation of the volatility risk of digital cryptocurrencies.It is recommended that this situation be optimised and improved in terms of the value function of digital cryptocurrencies themselves and the implementation of systematic risk management and regulatory innovation.As an important component of the digital economy,blockchain technology can effectively regulate and improve the volatility of digital cryptocurrencies under macroeconomic policies,thereby maintaining the security and stability of emerging financial markets.
文摘Objective To quantitatively analyze the policy of centralized drug procurement centralized drug procurement in order to provide reference for the subsequent policy formulation and improvement.Methods Text mining method was used to process 15 centralized drugs procurement policies issued at the national level during 2015-2022,and a PMC index evaluation model of centralized drug procurement policies was established.Then,15 centralized drug procurement policies were quantitatively analyzed from the overall and comparative perspective through an evaluation model.Results and Conclusion The average PMC index of 15 centralized drug procurement policies was 6.95,which was acceptable on the whole.Among them,eight were excellent and seven were acceptable.As to the first-order variables,the centralized drugs procurement policy still lacks incentives and constraints.The comparative results show that there are differences in the content and structure of policies,but they are strongly related to each other.Chinese centralized drug procurement policy has been basically formed,which is closely related to medical insurance and medical policies.However,it is still necessary to pay attention to the structure of the policy to ensure the elaboration of the policy content.
基金financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.62305392 and 62305123)Independent Research and Development Project of Naval Engineering University (No.2023504050)the Nursery Plan Project of Navel University of Engineering (2022)。
文摘Optimization and simplification of optical systems represent a milestone in advancing the development of handheld and portable laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy(LIBS)systems towards smaller,more integrated forms.This research,for the first time,conducted a comprehensive optimization design and comparative analysis of three compact LIBS system optical paths:the paraxial optical path(OP),the off-axis OP,and the reflective OP.The differences in spectral intensity and stability among these paths were revealed,providing a scientific basis for selecting the optimal OP for LIBS systems.The research found that the paraxial OP excels in spectral performance and quantitative analysis accuracy,making it the preferred choice for compact LIBS systems.Specifically,the paraxial OP significantly enhances spectral intensity,achieving a 6 times improvement over the off-axis OP and an even more remarkable 150 times increase compared to the reflective OP,greatly enhancing detection sensitivity.Additionally,the relative standard deviation,spectral stability index,maintains a consistently low level,ranging from 10.9%to 13.4%,significantly outperforming the other two OPs and ensuring the reliability of analytical results.In the field of quantitative analysis,the paraxial OP also demonstrates higher accuracy,precision,and sensitivity,comparing to other OPs.The quantitative analysis models for Si,Cu,and Ti elements exhibit excellent fitting,providing users with high-quality quantitative analysis results that are of great significance for applications in material science,environmental monitoring,industrial inspection,and other fields.In summary,this study not only confirms the enormous application potential of the paraxial OP in compact LIBS systems but also provides valuable practical experience and theoretical support for the miniaturization and integration of LIBS systems.Looking ahead,with continuous technological advancements,the design of the paraxial OP is expected to further propel the widespread adoption of LIBS technology in portable,on-site detection applications.
基金supported by the Aeronautical Science Foundation of China(Grant No.20230018072011)。
文摘3-Nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one(NTO)is a typical high-energy,low-sensitivity explosive,and accurate concentration monitoring is critical for crystallization process control.In this study,a high-precision quantitative analytical model for NTO concentration in ethanol solutions was developed by integrating real-time ATR-FTIR spectroscopy with chemometric and machine learning techniques.Dynamic spectral data were obtained by designing multi-concentration gradient heating-cooling cycle experiments,abnormal samples were eliminated using the isolation forest algorithm,and the effects of various preprocessing methods on model performance were systematically evaluated.The results show that partial least squares regression(PLSR)exhibits superior generalization ability compared to other models.Vibrational bands corresponding to C=O and–NO_(2)were identified as key predictors for concentration estimation.This work provides an efficient and reliable solution for real-time concentration monitoring during NTO crystallization and holds significant potential for process analytical applications in energetic material manufacturing.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province (Nos.2023AFB376 and 2024AFD287)National Key Research and Development Program (No.2023YFC3503804)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.22077044)。
文摘Sulfur dioxide(SO_(2)) and its derivatives have been recognized as harmful environmental pollutants.However,they are often produced during the processing of traditional Chinese medicines,potentially compromising the quality of these medicinal materials and contributing to various health issues.Due to a lack of effective monitoring and imaging tools,the physiological effects of excessive SO_(2) residues in traditional Chinese medicine remain unclear.Therefore,developing a rapid and effective tool for detecting SO_(2) is crucial for understanding its metabolic pathways and effects in vivo.In this study,we developed a near infrared(NIR) and ratiometric fluorescent probe,NIR-RS,which exhibits high sensitivity,selectivity,and rapid response for SO_(2) detection.Notably,NIR-RS accurately quantifies SO_(2) contents in Pinelliae rhizoma(P.rhizoma) samples,with recovery rates from 98.46 % to 102.40 %,and relative standard deviations(RSDs)< 5.0 %.For bioimaging applications,NIR-RS has low cytotoxicity and good mitochondrial-targeting ability,making it suitable for imaging exogenous and endogenous SO_(2) in mitochondria.Additionally,NIR-RS was successfully applied to image SO_(2) content of P.rhizoma samples within cells,revealing that high SO_(2) residue elevated mitochondria adenosine triphosphate(ATP) content,these findings reveal that P.rhizoma with excessive SO_(2) can affect the organism's growth mechanisms through alterations in ATP pathways.In vivo,SO_(2) was found to predominantly accumulate in the liver following gavage with P.rhizoma solution,with accumulation levels increasing in proportion to SO_(2) residue concentration.High SO_(2) concentrations in P.rhizoma can cause pulmonary fibrosis and gastric mucosal damage.This work provides a valuable tool for regulating SO_(2) content in P.rhizoma and may help researcher better understand the metabolism of SO_(2) derivatives and explore their physiological roles in biological systems.
文摘Background Quantitative flow ratio(QFR)based lesion selection for percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)treatment has shown clinical benefits in terms of reduced risk for myocardial infarction and repeat revascularization.Whether this benefit is consistent across different age groups still needs further investigation.Methods In this prespecified subgroup study of FAVORⅢChina trial,we compared long-term clinical outcomes between QFR-guided and angiography-guided PCI among different age groups among 3825 enrolled subjects.The primary endpoint was major adverse cardiac events(MACEs),a composite of all-cause death,myocardial infarction,and ischemia-driven revascularization.Results Of the 3825 patients,1717(44.9%)were aged≥65 years.At baseline,patients≥65 had higher rates of hypertension,hyperlipidaemia,stroke history(P<0.0001),and peripheral vascular disease(P=0.024)and had higher SYNTAX scores(P=0.0095).Compared with standard angiography guidance,the QFR-guided strategy consistently reduced the 1-year(≥65 years,6.04%vs.9.19%,HR=0.65,95%CI:0.46–0.92;<65 years,5.53%vs.8.43%,HR=0.65,95%CI:0.47–0.91)and 3-year MACE rates in both age groups(≥65 years,11.8%vs.15.2%,HR:0.75,95%CI:0.58–0.98;<65 years,9.5%vs.14.6%,HR=0.63;95%CI:0.49–0.81),without a significant interaction(Pinteraction=0.99).Within the QFR-guided group,the 3-year MACE rate in patients with deferred vessels was numerically greater in patients aged≥65 years than in those aged<65 years(8.3%vs.3.0%,P=0.10).Conclusions Although with higher rate of comorbidities and more complex coronary anatomy,the long-term benefit of the QFR-guided PCI strategy remained consistent in patients≥65 years,compared with those<65 years.
基金supported by Qingdao Key Medical and Health Discipline ProjectThe Intramural Research Program of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University,No. 4910Qingdao West Coast New Area Science and Technology Project,No. 2020-55 (all to SW)。
文摘Border-associated macrophages are located at the interface between the brain and the periphery, including the perivascular spaces, choroid plexus, and meninges. Until recently, the functions of border-associated macrophages have been poorly understood and largely overlooked. However, a recent study reported that border-associated macrophages participate in stroke-induced inflammation, although many details and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we performed a comprehensive single-cell analysis of mouse border-associated macrophages using sequencing data obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO) database(GSE174574 and GSE225948). Differentially expressed genes were identified, and enrichment analysis was performed to identify the transcription profile of border-associated macrophages. CellChat analysis was conducted to determine the cell communication network of border-associated macrophages. Transcription factors were predicted using the ‘pySCENIC' tool. We found that, in response to hypoxia, borderassociated macrophages underwent dynamic transcriptional changes and participated in the regulation of inflammatory-related pathways. Notably, the tumor necrosis factor pathway was activated by border-associated macrophages following ischemic stroke. The pySCENIC analysis indicated that the activity of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(Stat3) was obviously upregulated in stroke, suggesting that Stat3 inhibition may be a promising strategy for treating border-associated macrophages-induced neuroinflammation. Finally, we constructed an animal model to investigate the effects of border-associated macrophages depletion following a stroke. Treatment with liposomes containing clodronate significantly reduced infarct volume in the animals and improved neurological scores compared with untreated animals. Taken together, our results demonstrate comprehensive changes in border-associated macrophages following a stroke, providing a theoretical basis for targeting border-associated macrophages-induced neuroinflammation in stroke treatment.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12172034,U20A20390,and 11827803)Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.7212205)+1 种基金the 111 project(Grant No.B13003)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
文摘Malignant ureteral obstruction may lead to renal function damage,renal colic,and infection.The impact of obstructive development on ureteral peristalsis was rarely studied,which requires further investigation.This study used theoretical biomechanical methods to study the motion characteristics of the ureteral wall and obtained the radial motion equation of the ureteral wall.The motion equation was solved by 4-5th order Runge Kutta method.Analyze the motion equation of the ureteral wall,derive the expression for malignant obstructive ureteral pressure,as well as the analytical expressions for radial displacement and circumferential stress of the ureteral wall.By analyzing the radial motion equation of the ureter,it can be found that peristalsis is influenced by the pressure difference between inside and outside.The analytical solutions for radial displacement and stress contained exponential terms.Under the condition of 50%obstruction,the displacement and stress of the ureter were reduced by 90.53%and 81.10%,respectively.This study established the radial motion equation of the ureter and provided analytical solutions for the radial displacement and stress of the obstructed ureter.Based on the radial motion equation of the ureter,the radial motion characteristics of the ureteral wall were explored,including peristalsis and disappearance of peristalsis.This study provided a quantitative relationship between ureteral obstruction and peristalsis.As the degree of obstruction increased,ureteral peristalsis gradually weakened or even disappeared.
文摘First,statistics on the operational lines and mileage of urban rail transit in China are conducted.The results show that,as of Dec.31,2025,there were 60 cities with urban rail transit in operation nationwide,with a total operational mileage of approximately 12837.8 km(excluding the electronic guideway rubber-tired system,there were 57 cities,with a total operational mileage of 12651.6 km).The metro system dominates,while low-capacity systems exhibit a multi-modal development pattern.Subsequently,the characteristics of China′s urban rail transit industry development are analyzed,indicating that:(1)It should closely align with the theme of urban intensive development,promote quality improvement and efficiency enhancement of existing lines,and focus on the supporting role of initial passenger flow for new line construction,multi-network integration,and economic and financial sustainability.(2)Significant innovative achievements have been made in safety resilience,green and low-carbon development,intelligent construction,and digital transformation.Finally,development recommendations for the"15th Five-Year Plan"period are proposed:promoting cost reduction and efficiency improvement in the rail transit industry,enhancing the operational efficiency of existing networks,continuously exploring railway services for urban commuting,strengthening external exchanges,and driving the"going global"strategy of the urban rail transit industry.
文摘Six new lanthanide complexes:[Ln(3,4-DEOBA)3(4,4'-DM-2,2'-bipy)]2·2C_(2)H_(5)OH,[Ln=Dy(1),Eu(2),Tb(3),Sm(4),Ho(5),Gd(6);3,4-DEOBA-=3,4-diethoxybenzoate,4,4'-DM-2,2'-bipy=4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine]were successfully synthesized by the volatilization of the solution at room temperature.The crystal structures of six complexes were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction technology.The results showed that the complexes all have a binuclear structure,and the structures contain free ethanol molecules.Moreover,the coordination number of the central metal of each structural unit is eight.Adjacent structural units interact with each other through hydrogen bonds and further expand to form 1D chain-like and 2D planar structures.After conducting a systematic study on the luminescence properties of complexes 1-4,their emission and excitation spectra were obtained.Experimental results indicated that the fluorescence lifetimes of complexes 2 and 3 were 0.807 and 0.845 ms,respectively.The emission spectral data of complexes 1-4 were imported into the CIE chromaticity coordinate system,and their corre sponding luminescent regions cover the yellow light,red light,green light,and orange-red light bands,respectively.Within the temperature range of 299.15-1300 K,the thermal decomposition processes of the six complexes were comprehensively analyzed by using TG-DSC/FTIR/MS technology.The hypothesis of the gradual loss of ligand groups during the decomposition process was verified by detecting the escaped gas,3D infrared spectroscopy,and ion fragment information detected by mass spectrometry.The specific decomposition path is as follows:firstly,free ethanol molecules and neutral ligands are removed,and finally,acidic ligands are released;the final product is the corresponding metal oxide.CCDC:2430420,1;2430422,2;2430419,3;2430424,4;2430421,5;2430423,6.
文摘The Savitzky-Golay(SG)filter,which employs polynomial least-squares approximations to smooth data and estimate derivatives,is widely used for processing noisy data.However,noise suppression by the SG filter is recognized to be limited at data boundaries and high frequencies,which can significantly reduce the signal-to-noise ratio(SNR).To solve this problem,a novel method synergistically integrating Principal Component Analysis(PCA)with SG filtering is proposed in this paper.This approach avoids the is-sue of excessive smoothing associated with larger window sizes.The proposed PCA-SG filtering algorithm was applied to a CO gas sensing system based on Cavity Ring-Down Spectroscopy(CRDS).The perform-ance of the PCA-SG filtering algorithm is demonstrated through comparison with Moving Average Filtering(MAF),Wavelet Transformation(WT),Kalman Filtering(KF),and the SG filter.The results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm exhibits superior noise reduction capabilities compared to the other algorithms evaluated.The SNR of the ring-down signal was improved from 11.8612 dB to 29.0913 dB,and the stand-ard deviation of the extracted ring-down time constant was reduced from 0.037μs to 0.018μs.These results confirm that the proposed PCA-SG filtering algorithm effectively improves the smoothness of the ring-down curve data,demonstrating its feasibility.
基金support from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2024YFB3713705)is acknowledgedWangzhong Mu would like to acknowledge the Strategic Mobility,Sweden(SSF,No.SM22-0039)+1 种基金the Swedish Foundation for International Cooperation in Research and Higher Education(STINT,No.IB2022-9228)the Jernkontoret(Sweden)for supporting this clean steel research.Gonghao Lian would like to acknowledge China Scholarship Council(CSC,No.202306080032).
文摘The detection and characterization of non-metallic inclusions are essential for clean steel production.Recently,imaging analysis combined with high-dimensional data processing of metallic materials using artificial intelligence(AI)-based machine learning(ML)has developed rapidly.This technique has achieved impressive results in the field of inclusion classification in process metallurgy.The present study surveys the ML modeling of inclusion prediction in advanced steels,including the detection,classification,and feature prediction of inclusions in different steel grades.Studies on clean steel with different features based on data and image analysis via ML are summarized.Regarding the data analysis,the inclusion prediction methodology based on ML establishes a connection between the experimental parameters and inclusion characteristics and analyzes the importance of the experimental parameters.Regarding the image analysis,the focus is placed on the classification of different types of inclusions via deep learning,in comparison with data analysis.Finally,further development of inclusion analyses using ML-based methods is recommended.This work paves the way for the application of AIbased methodologies for ultraclean-steel studies from a sustainable metallurgy perspective.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32202431)the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFD1200503)+2 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2022M713408)the Earmarked Fund for CARS-27the Key Research and Development Program of Hebei(21326308D)。
文摘Dissecting quantitative traits into Mendelian factors is a great challenge in genetics.Apple fruit storability is a complex trait controlled by multi-genes with unequal effects.We previously identified62 quantitative trait loci(QTLs)associated with apple fruit storability and genomics-assisted prediction(GAP)models were trained using 56 QTLbased markers.Here,three candidate genes,Md NAC83,Md BPM2,and Md RGLG3,were screened from the regions of QTLs with large G'value and large genetic effects.Both a 216-bp deletion and an SNP934 T/C at the promoter of Md NAC83 were associated with higher Md NAC83expression but an SNP388 G/A at the coding region significantly reduced the activity to activate the expression of the target genes Md ACO1,Md MANA3,and Md XTH28.Md BPM2 and Md RGLG3 participated in the ubiquitination of Md NAC83.SNP657 T/A of Md BPM2 and SNP167C/G of Md RGLG3 caused a reduction in the activity to ubiquitinate Md NAC83.By the addition of functional markers to the Geno Baits SNP array,the prediction accuracy of the updated GAP models increased to 0.7723/0.6231 and 0.5639/0.5345 for flesh firmness/crispness at harvest and flesh firmness/crispness retainability,respectively.The variation network involving eight simple Mendelian variations in six genes helps to gain insight into the molecular quantitative genetics,to improve breeding strategy,and to provide targets for future genome editing.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Research and Development Program Project of China Railway Group Limited (Grant No.2022-Major-17)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.52578619,52178180)+2 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No.2022YFC3004304)the Frontier Cross Research Project of Central South University (Grant No.2023QYJC006)the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province Funding Project (Grant No.2023JJ40724)。
文摘Under earthquake action, different site conditions have a notable impact on the dynamic response of high-speed railway bridges after earthquakes, which in turn poses a threat to the running stability of trains in the post-earthquake period. Therefore, establishing a calculation method for the post-earthquake train speed threshold that considers the influence of different site characteristics is of great engineering significance. Taking the CRTS Ⅲ slab track as the research object, this study is based on the track irregularity root mean square rate(TRR), which the authors proposed earlier to quantify the track regularity level. Using the nonlinear least squares fitting method, the mapping relationship between the TRR and the postearthquake train running performance indicators on bridges is established. Furthermore, the influence of laws governing site categories and train speeds on post-earthquake train running performance on bridges is analyzed, and a train speed threshold for bridges based on running performance under random site conditions is proposed. The research results indicate that all train running performance indicators increase significantly with the increase of train operating speed;different site categories have a significant impact on post-earthquake track residual deformation and train running stability. The greater the amplitude of postearthquake track alignment residual deformation, the lower the threshold for the stable running speed of trains after the earthquake, with the speed threshold decreasing by up to 20%. The research outcomes can provide technical references for the post-earthquake safe operation and maintenance of high-speed railway bridges under complex site conditions, as well as the formulation of targeted train speed control schemes.
基金supported by grants from the Tianjin Health Technology Project(Grant no.2022QN106).
文摘Background:Receptor-interacting protein kinases(RIPKs)regulate cell death,inflammation,and immune responses,yet their roles in cancer are not fully understood.This study investigates the expression,genomic alterations,and functional implications of RIPK family members across various cancers.Methods:We collected multi-omics data from The Cancer Genome Atlas and other public databases,including gene expression,copy number variation(CNV),mutation,methylation,tumor mutation burden(TMB),and microsatellite instability(MSI).Differential expression and survival analyses were performed using DESeq2 and Cox proportional hazards models.CNV and mutation data were analyzed with GISTIC2 and Mutect2,and methylation data with the ChAMP package.Correlations with TMB and MSI were assessed using Pearson coefficients,and gene set enrichment analysis was conducted with the MSigDB Hallmark gene sets.Results:RIPK family members show significant differential expression in various cancers,with RIPK1 and RIPK4 frequently altered.Survival analysis reveals heterogeneous impacts on overall survival.CNV and mutation analyses identify high alteration frequencies for RIPK2 and RIPK7,affecting gene expression.RIPK1 and RIPK7 are hypermethylated in several cancers,inversely correlating with RIPK3 expression.RIPK1,RIPK2,RIPK5,RIPK6,and RIPK7 correlate positively with TMB,while RIPK3 shows negative correlations in some cancers.MSI analysis indicates associations with DNA mismatch repair.G ene set enrichment analysis highlights immune-related pathway enrichment for RIPK1,RIPK2,RIPK3,and RIPK6,and cell proliferation and DNA repair pathways for RIPK4 and RIPK5.RIPK family members showed heterogeneous alterations across cancers:for example,RIPK7 was mutated in up to~15%of u terine c orpus e ndometrial c arcinoma and l ung s quamous c ell c arcinoma cases,and RIPK1 and RIPK7 exhibited frequent promoter hypermethylation in multiple tumor types.Several genes displayed context-dependent associations with overall survival and with TMB/MSI.Conclusion:This pan-cancer analysis of the RIPK family reveals their diverse roles and potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.The findings emphasize the importance of RIPK genes in tumorigenesis and suggest context-dependent functions across cancer types.Further studies are needed to explore their mechanisms in cancer development and clinical applications.
文摘[Objective]This study aims to investigate the multi-body hydrodynamic interaction mechanisms during offshore lifting operations of aquaculture net cages in wind-fishery integration systems.By integrating numerical simulations and dynamic analysis methods,this study systematically investigates the coupled dynamic response characteristics during the cage-carrier vessel separation process to reveal its dynamic evolution patterns and key influence mechanisms.[Method]Based on potential flow theory,a fully coupled dynamic analysis model of crane vessel-net cage-semi-submersible barge was established for a marine ranch project in Guangdong.The complete lifting process was dynamically simulated using SESAM software.Five typical operating sea states were configured to investigate the influence of wave parameters on the system's motion response under combined wave-current-wind actions.[Result]The results demonstrate that wave period dominates the system stability.Under short-period conditions,the system maintains stable motion with relatively small horizontal relative displacements,while long-period conditions excite low-frequency resonance,leading to significant slow-drift motions.Vertical response analysis reveals that long-period waves cause severe relative displacement fluctuations between the cage and semi-submersible vessel,with actual displacement amplitudes doubling the preset safety target of 2.045 m.Quantitative analysis further indicates that when significant wave height increases from 1.0 m to 1.5 m,the actual displacement amplitude increases by approximately 20%relative to the target displacement of 2.045 m,demonstrating that its influence is significantly weaker than the displacement variations induced by wave period changes.The complete dynamic simulation successfully captures the continuous dynamic response characteristics during the lifting process.[Conclusion]This research clarifies the influence mechanisms of wave parameters on the cage lifting process,identifying wave period as the crucial factor for operational safety.An operation window assessment method incorporating multi-body coupling effects is established,proposing a safety criterion with peak period not exceeding six seconds as the core requirement.The findings provide theoretical foundation for safe installation of marine ranch net cages and offer valuable references for similar offshore lifting operations.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52034002 and U2202254)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(No.FRF-TT-19-001)。
文摘The sulfation and decomposition process has proven effective in selectively extracting lithium from lepidolite.It is essential to clarify the thermochemical behavior and kinetic parameters of decomposition reactions.Accordingly,comprehensive kinetic study by employing thermalgravimetric analysis at various heating rates was presented in this paper.Two main weight loss regions were observed during heating.The initial region corresponded to the dehydration of crystal water,whereas the subsequent region with overlapping peaks involved complex decomposition reactions.The overlapping peaks were separated into two individual reaction peaks and the activation energy of each peak was calculated using isoconversional kinetics methods.The activation energy of peak 1 exhibited a continual increase as the reaction conversion progressed,while that of peak 2 steadily decreased.The optimal kinetic models,identified as belonging to the random nucleation and subsequent growth category,provided valuable insights into the mechanism of the decomposition reactions.Furthermore,the adjustment factor was introduced to reconstruct the kinetic mechanism models,and the reconstructed models described the kinetic mechanism model more accurately for the decomposition reactions.This study enhanced the understanding of the thermochemical behavior and kinetic parameters of the lepidolite sulfation product decomposition reactions,further providing theoretical basis for promoting the selective extraction of lithium.
基金funded by Humanities and Social Sciences of Ministry of Education Planning Fund of China,grant number 21YJA790009National Natural Science Foundation of China,grant number 72140001.
文摘With the rapid proliferation of electric vehicles,their charging loads pose new challenges to power grid stability and operational efficiency.To address this,this study employs a Monte Carlo simulation model to analyze the charging load characteristics of six battery electric vehicle categories in Hebei Province,leveraging multi-source probabilistic distribution data under typical operational scenarios.The findings reveal that electric vehicle charging loads are primarily concentrated during midday and nighttime periods,with significant load fluctuations exerting substantial pressure on the grid.In response,this paper proposes strategic interventions including optimized charging infrastructure planning,time-of-use electricity pricing mechanisms,and smart charging technologies to balance grid loads.The results provide a theoretical foundation for electric vehicle load forecasting,smart grid dispatching,and vehicle-grid integration,thereby enhancing grid operational efficiency and sustainability.
