The common mystique is that ISO 9000 quality management systems are only applicable to large companies, and such systems are too expensive for smaller companies. This paper clarifies this misconception. It shows th...The common mystique is that ISO 9000 quality management systems are only applicable to large companies, and such systems are too expensive for smaller companies. This paper clarifies this misconception. It shows that the inherent ISO 9000 systems are in fact flexible that permit their application to small companies, regardless of the type of trade disciplines. In addition, it shows some of the pitfalls that certification assessors and quality management consultants should watch out for.展开更多
With the modernization and internationalization of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),the requirement for quality control has increased.The quality marker(Q-marker)is an important standard in this field and has been im...With the modernization and internationalization of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),the requirement for quality control has increased.The quality marker(Q-marker)is an important standard in this field and has been implemented with remarkable success in recent years.However,the establishment of Qmarkers remains fragmented and the process lacks systematicity,resulting in inconsistent quality control and insufficient correlation with clinical efficacy and safety of TCM.This review introduces four multimodal integrated approaches that contribute to the discovery of more comprehensive and accurate Qmarkers,thus aiding in the establishment of new quality control patterns based on the characteristics and principles of TCM.These include the whole-process quality control strategy,chemical-activity-based screening method,efficacy,safety,and consistent combination strategy,and TCM theory-guided approach.Furthermore,methodologies and representative examples of these strategies are described,and important future directions and questions in this field are also proposed.展开更多
A curriculum is a complex system that includes a set of core competencies, objectives, contents, methodological and evaluation criteria, regulation among other things. In order to represent a curriculum as a piece of ...A curriculum is a complex system that includes a set of core competencies, objectives, contents, methodological and evaluation criteria, regulation among other things. In order to represent a curriculum as a piece of software the common tools used are databases, trees and lists of courses. However, none of these tools can capture the deep and complex relationships among the elements of a curriculum. To avoid this problem, a more complete representation of an engineering curriculum using ontologies has been developed. This paper presents the construction of an ontology for undergraduate electrical engineering curriculum domain at Universidad Nacional de Colombia, which aims to represent, organize, formalize and standardize the knowledge of this domain, so that it can be shared and reused by different groups of people in the field of education and engineering. The ontology includes four curriculum aspects： knowledge in electrical engineering, skills in engineering, electrical engineering curriculum and regulation. For the ontology development, Methontology was selected as methodology and Protege as implementation tool. In addition, there is a proposal of documentation for this methodology, based on principles of quality management systems. This ontology is designed in order to be used in any field of engineering.展开更多
The objectives of quality management systems which are based on data warehouses are to acquire, store, and process quality control data within an enterprise, and to facilitate analysis, control and decision making bas...The objectives of quality management systems which are based on data warehouses are to acquire, store, and process quality control data within an enterprise, and to facilitate analysis, control and decision making based on this data. This paper discusses the DB/ODS/DW (traditional database/operational data store/data warehouse) architecture, data granularity and data partition in the data warehouse, describes the data model, and presents the client/server platform model.展开更多
This study examines how commercial airlines are incorporating quality management into their safety systems.While regulatory frameworks such as Safety Management Systems(SMS)have been critical in aviation,many organiza...This study examines how commercial airlines are incorporating quality management into their safety systems.While regulatory frameworks such as Safety Management Systems(SMS)have been critical in aviation,many organizations are realizing that a quality safety program also requires support from broader Quality Management Systems(QMS).A qualitative examination was performed using semi-structured interviews from 28 safety and quality specialists at various international carriers.From thematic analysis,it was found that QMS-SMS inte-gration could be influenced by organizational culture,use of safety data,and governance structures.The findings demonstrate that where safety culture is prioritized and learning and accountability are emphasized,the use of quality tools such as audits and root cause analysis becomes more effective.In contrast,where there is less team coordination and limited data use skills,there are weakened benefits of integrating systems,specifically in resource-constrained environments.When governance works through shared oversight and continuous assess-ment of the system,it supports alignment of safety and quality objectives.The study contributes practical methods to improve the way airlines connect quality and safety strategies.It also illustrates the need for lead-ership commitment,staff training,and structures that must be clearly defined so that integration helps the or-ganization adhere to the set laws,improve regularly,and mitigate risks.展开更多
A class of networked control systems is investigated whose communication network is shared with other applications. The design objective for such a system setting is not only the optimization of the control performanc...A class of networked control systems is investigated whose communication network is shared with other applications. The design objective for such a system setting is not only the optimization of the control performance but also the efficient utilization of the communication resources. We observe that at a large time scale the data packet delay in the communication network is roughly varying piecewise constant, which is typically true for data networks like the Internet. Based on this observation, a dynamic data packing scheme is proposed within the recently developed packet-based control framework for networked control systems. As expected this proposed approach achieves a fine balance between the control performance and the communication utilization: the similar control performance can be obtained at dramatically reduced cost of the communication resources. Simulations illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.展开更多
Fingerprint evidence played an important role in investigation,prosecution,and trial process due to the belief of its uniqueness and unchanged characteristics.However,in recent years,the science behind the process of ...Fingerprint evidence played an important role in investigation,prosecution,and trial process due to the belief of its uniqueness and unchanged characteristics.However,in recent years,the science behind the process of fingerprint comparisons has been questioned.Main research questions have been focusing on the opaqueness within the comparison processes,subjective judgments,lack of universal standards,no error rate expression on final conclusions,and poor scientific fundamental research data.Facing the above-mentioned questions,this paper aims to suggest a quality control system(QCS)for fingerprint comparison processes.This QCS is based on the use of software(PiAnoS)and its technological features,being able to provide a data management model to increase the transparency and quality of fingerprint comparison processes.展开更多
文摘The common mystique is that ISO 9000 quality management systems are only applicable to large companies, and such systems are too expensive for smaller companies. This paper clarifies this misconception. It shows that the inherent ISO 9000 systems are in fact flexible that permit their application to small companies, regardless of the type of trade disciplines. In addition, it shows some of the pitfalls that certification assessors and quality management consultants should watch out for.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.:81973701)Innovation Team and Talents Cultivation Program of National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine(Grant No.:ZYYCXTD-D-202002)Westlake Laboratory(Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine).
文摘With the modernization and internationalization of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),the requirement for quality control has increased.The quality marker(Q-marker)is an important standard in this field and has been implemented with remarkable success in recent years.However,the establishment of Qmarkers remains fragmented and the process lacks systematicity,resulting in inconsistent quality control and insufficient correlation with clinical efficacy and safety of TCM.This review introduces four multimodal integrated approaches that contribute to the discovery of more comprehensive and accurate Qmarkers,thus aiding in the establishment of new quality control patterns based on the characteristics and principles of TCM.These include the whole-process quality control strategy,chemical-activity-based screening method,efficacy,safety,and consistent combination strategy,and TCM theory-guided approach.Furthermore,methodologies and representative examples of these strategies are described,and important future directions and questions in this field are also proposed.
文摘A curriculum is a complex system that includes a set of core competencies, objectives, contents, methodological and evaluation criteria, regulation among other things. In order to represent a curriculum as a piece of software the common tools used are databases, trees and lists of courses. However, none of these tools can capture the deep and complex relationships among the elements of a curriculum. To avoid this problem, a more complete representation of an engineering curriculum using ontologies has been developed. This paper presents the construction of an ontology for undergraduate electrical engineering curriculum domain at Universidad Nacional de Colombia, which aims to represent, organize, formalize and standardize the knowledge of this domain, so that it can be shared and reused by different groups of people in the field of education and engineering. The ontology includes four curriculum aspects： knowledge in electrical engineering, skills in engineering, electrical engineering curriculum and regulation. For the ontology development, Methontology was selected as methodology and Protege as implementation tool. In addition, there is a proposal of documentation for this methodology, based on principles of quality management systems. This ontology is designed in order to be used in any field of engineering.
文摘The objectives of quality management systems which are based on data warehouses are to acquire, store, and process quality control data within an enterprise, and to facilitate analysis, control and decision making based on this data. This paper discusses the DB/ODS/DW (traditional database/operational data store/data warehouse) architecture, data granularity and data partition in the data warehouse, describes the data model, and presents the client/server platform model.
文摘This study examines how commercial airlines are incorporating quality management into their safety systems.While regulatory frameworks such as Safety Management Systems(SMS)have been critical in aviation,many organizations are realizing that a quality safety program also requires support from broader Quality Management Systems(QMS).A qualitative examination was performed using semi-structured interviews from 28 safety and quality specialists at various international carriers.From thematic analysis,it was found that QMS-SMS inte-gration could be influenced by organizational culture,use of safety data,and governance structures.The findings demonstrate that where safety culture is prioritized and learning and accountability are emphasized,the use of quality tools such as audits and root cause analysis becomes more effective.In contrast,where there is less team coordination and limited data use skills,there are weakened benefits of integrating systems,specifically in resource-constrained environments.When governance works through shared oversight and continuous assess-ment of the system,it supports alignment of safety and quality objectives.The study contributes practical methods to improve the way airlines connect quality and safety strategies.It also illustrates the need for lead-ership commitment,staff training,and structures that must be clearly defined so that integration helps the or-ganization adhere to the set laws,improve regularly,and mitigate risks.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.6142230761174061&61304048)+4 种基金the Scientific Research Starting Foundation for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars,Ministry of Education of Chinathe National Hi-Tech Research and Development Program of China("863"Project)(Grant No.2014AA06A503)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association,Chinese Academy of Sciences,in part by the Youth Top-Notch Talent Support Programthe 1000-Talent Youth ProgramZhejiang 1000-Talent Program
文摘A class of networked control systems is investigated whose communication network is shared with other applications. The design objective for such a system setting is not only the optimization of the control performance but also the efficient utilization of the communication resources. We observe that at a large time scale the data packet delay in the communication network is roughly varying piecewise constant, which is typically true for data networks like the Internet. Based on this observation, a dynamic data packing scheme is proposed within the recently developed packet-based control framework for networked control systems. As expected this proposed approach achieves a fine balance between the control performance and the communication utilization: the similar control performance can be obtained at dramatically reduced cost of the communication resources. Simulations illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
基金This paper was supported by award number 71371188(on evidence evaluation model and its application,a study based on decision-making in management and court)funded by China National Natural Science Fund and Award number 2016XCWZK08 funded by Shanghai Key Laboratory of Crime Scene Evidence.
文摘Fingerprint evidence played an important role in investigation,prosecution,and trial process due to the belief of its uniqueness and unchanged characteristics.However,in recent years,the science behind the process of fingerprint comparisons has been questioned.Main research questions have been focusing on the opaqueness within the comparison processes,subjective judgments,lack of universal standards,no error rate expression on final conclusions,and poor scientific fundamental research data.Facing the above-mentioned questions,this paper aims to suggest a quality control system(QCS)for fingerprint comparison processes.This QCS is based on the use of software(PiAnoS)and its technological features,being able to provide a data management model to increase the transparency and quality of fingerprint comparison processes.
