After the illustration of the development of quadrangle courtyards,the paper has analyzed the emergence of square architectural form and the formation of axial symmetrical pattern with the hall in the front and room a...After the illustration of the development of quadrangle courtyards,the paper has analyzed the emergence of square architectural form and the formation of axial symmetrical pattern with the hall in the front and room at the back and with wing rooms on the left and right side.It has analyzed the formation,development,climax,damage and inheritance of quadrangle courtyard,and considered that it could manifest Chinese traditional humanistic idea and aesthetic idea,and is in possession of profound cultural connotation and regional feature.On this basis,causes for quadrangle courtyards have been studied.The primary cause at the initial stage lies in human body structure theory and the perfection of quadrangle courtyards at later stage depends on ethic order theory.展开更多
The Quadrangle Economic Cooperation Zone in Great Mekong Region, where the Golden Triangle is located, is composed with the border areas of China, Laos, Thailand and Myanmar. The poorest and inaccessible remote Golden...The Quadrangle Economic Cooperation Zone in Great Mekong Region, where the Golden Triangle is located, is composed with the border areas of China, Laos, Thailand and Myanmar. The poorest and inaccessible remote Golden Triangle now faces the opportunity to develop and participate in the global economic system. Not only has the traditional border tourism between two countries in this region been growing rapidly and various tourism products cross the regions also have been developed. The article attempts to explore the multiplier effects of tourism on regional cooperation. These consequences of tourism cooperation take effect through the infrastructure improvement, facilitation of the flee movement, improvement of communication and promotion of the alternative economy. The study also points out the unexpected negative consequences to limit its role as a regional cooperative engine due to the lack of consideration of the dual economic and social structure in tourism development. The special attention should be drawn to consider the limited benefits for the marginalized community, the high transaction of the social costs related with the drug tourism and sex tourism. The paper calls for more rigorous cooperative regional plans and policies to the complexity of tourism development in this region.展开更多
The Beta-Atla-Themis(BAT)region on Venus is characterized by large volcanic rises,major rift zones(chasmata),radiating,linear,and circumferential grabenfissure systems,and coronae.Its most prominent features
THE quadrangle is recognized as a masterpiece of traditional Chinese dwellings.From the bricks to the tiles,and beams to the pillars,this type of residence offers a template of Chinese aesthetics.Exhibiting the profou...THE quadrangle is recognized as a masterpiece of traditional Chinese dwellings.From the bricks to the tiles,and beams to the pillars,this type of residence offers a template of Chinese aesthetics.Exhibiting the profound and longstanding Chinese culture,the courtyards are valuable architectural and cultural heritages for China and even the rest of the world.展开更多
This paper is mainly devoted to proving the four equivalent defining properties of a CBA(κ)space.The proof is based on an interesting tool we established which describes the cyclical five-step deformation procedure f...This paper is mainly devoted to proving the four equivalent defining properties of a CBA(κ)space.The proof is based on an interesting tool we established which describes the cyclical five-step deformation procedure for quadrangles in the model 2-plane S^(2)_(κ),including the limit shape of each step.As a byproduct we give a complete list of cyclical deformation procedures for all kinds of quadrangles on S21.At last we make a contrast of geometric properties of CBA with CBB spaces,including a comparison between their defining properties and a discussion about Alexandrov’s Lemma.展开更多
The completion of the Sanyuan Overpass and its opening in September 1984 in eastern Beijing relieved increasing traffic. ln the distance were new residential apartment blocks.
Basic requirement for applying isoparametric element is that the element has to be convex and no violent distortion is allowed. In this paper, a cubic quadrilateral spline element with 12 nodes has been developed usin...Basic requirement for applying isoparametric element is that the element has to be convex and no violent distortion is allowed. In this paper, a cubic quadrilateral spline element with 12 nodes has been developed using the triangular area coordinates and the B-net method, which can exactly model the cubic field for quadrilateral element with both convex and concave shapes. Neither mapping nor coordinate transformation is required and the spline element can obtain high accuracy solutions and insensitive to mesh distortions.展开更多
Complex terrain causes great MT noise.This paper puts forward a FEM model method using adaptive topography and quadratic elements based on studies by previous researchers.This method can model all kinds of complicated...Complex terrain causes great MT noise.This paper puts forward a FEM model method using adaptive topography and quadratic elements based on studies by previous researchers.This method can model all kinds of complicated terrain and geoelectric bodies preferably.The numeric modeling,calculation of the auxiliary field and definition of resistivity are deduced by electromagnetic equations.Lastly,several examples are presented,which show the method is rapid,effective and has highly accurate.展开更多
Dyke swarms frequently act as natural barriers,obstructing or deflecting stream courses.Streams tend to flow along the outcrop ridges of dykes,resulting in acute junction angles.Dykes serve as structural controls by i...Dyke swarms frequently act as natural barriers,obstructing or deflecting stream courses.Streams tend to flow along the outcrop ridges of dykes,resulting in acute junction angles.Dykes serve as structural controls by influencing the orientation of streams.The relationship between stream junction angles and dyke orientation is a significant factor in stream confluences.Terrain plays a crucial role in directing the river’s flow path and shaping its characteristics.This research paper investigates the impact of dyke orientation on stream junction angles through stream hierarchy analysis.The Rangavali River,a left-bank tributary of the Tapi River,flows for a distance of 45.65 km,crossing 21 East-West(E-W)trending dykes within a 215.95 km2 basin,which forms part of the Deccan Traps.To examine the relationship between dyke orientation and stream junction angles,inputs from Google Earth imagery,LISS III im ages,SOI topographical maps,quadrangle maps,and Cartosat DEM were used to delineate the Rangavali basin and extract dyke features.The Rangavali River basin is a sixth-order drainage system that exhibits a superimposed drainage pattern within the Tapi dyke swarm zone.The prominent linear dyke ridges are predominantly aligned in an East-West direction(average angle N81˚),with a dyke density of 0.51 km/km2.The average junction angle of streams within 100 m upstream and downstream of the dyke ridges is 81˚,compared to an av-erage of 78˚in non-dyke areas.The trend of acute junction angles is attributed to the orientation of the dykes and the distance of streams from the parallel-aligned dyke ridges.This study demonstrates that dyke ridges not only redirect stream flow but also control drainage density and network development.The findings have broader implications for watershed management,flood risk as sessment,infrastructure planning,and groundwater exploration in basaltic terrains and contribute significantly to the understanding of fluvial-structural in teractions in volcanic landscapes.展开更多
For fiber-commutative coherent configurations,we show that Krein parameters can be defined essentially uniquely.As a consequence,the general Krein condition reduces to positive semidefiniteness of finitely many matric...For fiber-commutative coherent configurations,we show that Krein parameters can be defined essentially uniquely.As a consequence,the general Krein condition reduces to positive semidefiniteness of finitely many matrices determined by the parameters of a coherent configuration.We mention its implications in the coherent configuration defined by a generalized quadrangle.We also simplify the absolute bound using the matrices of Krein parameters.展开更多
文摘After the illustration of the development of quadrangle courtyards,the paper has analyzed the emergence of square architectural form and the formation of axial symmetrical pattern with the hall in the front and room at the back and with wing rooms on the left and right side.It has analyzed the formation,development,climax,damage and inheritance of quadrangle courtyard,and considered that it could manifest Chinese traditional humanistic idea and aesthetic idea,and is in possession of profound cultural connotation and regional feature.On this basis,causes for quadrangle courtyards have been studied.The primary cause at the initial stage lies in human body structure theory and the perfection of quadrangle courtyards at later stage depends on ethic order theory.
文摘The Quadrangle Economic Cooperation Zone in Great Mekong Region, where the Golden Triangle is located, is composed with the border areas of China, Laos, Thailand and Myanmar. The poorest and inaccessible remote Golden Triangle now faces the opportunity to develop and participate in the global economic system. Not only has the traditional border tourism between two countries in this region been growing rapidly and various tourism products cross the regions also have been developed. The article attempts to explore the multiplier effects of tourism on regional cooperation. These consequences of tourism cooperation take effect through the infrastructure improvement, facilitation of the flee movement, improvement of communication and promotion of the alternative economy. The study also points out the unexpected negative consequences to limit its role as a regional cooperative engine due to the lack of consideration of the dual economic and social structure in tourism development. The special attention should be drawn to consider the limited benefits for the marginalized community, the high transaction of the social costs related with the drug tourism and sex tourism. The paper calls for more rigorous cooperative regional plans and policies to the complexity of tourism development in this region.
文摘The Beta-Atla-Themis(BAT)region on Venus is characterized by large volcanic rises,major rift zones(chasmata),radiating,linear,and circumferential grabenfissure systems,and coronae.Its most prominent features
文摘THE quadrangle is recognized as a masterpiece of traditional Chinese dwellings.From the bricks to the tiles,and beams to the pillars,this type of residence offers a template of Chinese aesthetics.Exhibiting the profound and longstanding Chinese culture,the courtyards are valuable architectural and cultural heritages for China and even the rest of the world.
基金Supported by China Scholarship Council (Grant No. 201708120014)。
文摘This paper is mainly devoted to proving the four equivalent defining properties of a CBA(κ)space.The proof is based on an interesting tool we established which describes the cyclical five-step deformation procedure for quadrangles in the model 2-plane S^(2)_(κ),including the limit shape of each step.As a byproduct we give a complete list of cyclical deformation procedures for all kinds of quadrangles on S21.At last we make a contrast of geometric properties of CBA with CBB spaces,including a comparison between their defining properties and a discussion about Alexandrov’s Lemma.
文摘The completion of the Sanyuan Overpass and its opening in September 1984 in eastern Beijing relieved increasing traffic. ln the distance were new residential apartment blocks.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (11001037,11102037)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(DUT13LK07)
文摘Basic requirement for applying isoparametric element is that the element has to be convex and no violent distortion is allowed. In this paper, a cubic quadrilateral spline element with 12 nodes has been developed using the triangular area coordinates and the B-net method, which can exactly model the cubic field for quadrilateral element with both convex and concave shapes. Neither mapping nor coordinate transformation is required and the spline element can obtain high accuracy solutions and insensitive to mesh distortions.
基金sponsored by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2009AA06Z108)
文摘Complex terrain causes great MT noise.This paper puts forward a FEM model method using adaptive topography and quadratic elements based on studies by previous researchers.This method can model all kinds of complicated terrain and geoelectric bodies preferably.The numeric modeling,calculation of the auxiliary field and definition of resistivity are deduced by electromagnetic equations.Lastly,several examples are presented,which show the method is rapid,effective and has highly accurate.
文摘Dyke swarms frequently act as natural barriers,obstructing or deflecting stream courses.Streams tend to flow along the outcrop ridges of dykes,resulting in acute junction angles.Dykes serve as structural controls by influencing the orientation of streams.The relationship between stream junction angles and dyke orientation is a significant factor in stream confluences.Terrain plays a crucial role in directing the river’s flow path and shaping its characteristics.This research paper investigates the impact of dyke orientation on stream junction angles through stream hierarchy analysis.The Rangavali River,a left-bank tributary of the Tapi River,flows for a distance of 45.65 km,crossing 21 East-West(E-W)trending dykes within a 215.95 km2 basin,which forms part of the Deccan Traps.To examine the relationship between dyke orientation and stream junction angles,inputs from Google Earth imagery,LISS III im ages,SOI topographical maps,quadrangle maps,and Cartosat DEM were used to delineate the Rangavali basin and extract dyke features.The Rangavali River basin is a sixth-order drainage system that exhibits a superimposed drainage pattern within the Tapi dyke swarm zone.The prominent linear dyke ridges are predominantly aligned in an East-West direction(average angle N81˚),with a dyke density of 0.51 km/km2.The average junction angle of streams within 100 m upstream and downstream of the dyke ridges is 81˚,compared to an av-erage of 78˚in non-dyke areas.The trend of acute junction angles is attributed to the orientation of the dykes and the distance of streams from the parallel-aligned dyke ridges.This study demonstrates that dyke ridges not only redirect stream flow but also control drainage density and network development.The findings have broader implications for watershed management,flood risk as sessment,infrastructure planning,and groundwater exploration in basaltic terrains and contribute significantly to the understanding of fluvial-structural in teractions in volcanic landscapes.
文摘For fiber-commutative coherent configurations,we show that Krein parameters can be defined essentially uniquely.As a consequence,the general Krein condition reduces to positive semidefiniteness of finitely many matrices determined by the parameters of a coherent configuration.We mention its implications in the coherent configuration defined by a generalized quadrangle.We also simplify the absolute bound using the matrices of Krein parameters.
