Objective To systematically evaluate the quality of pharmacoeconomics on hypertension management,and provide reference for promoting the development of pharmacoeconomics in China.Methods Some Chinese databases includi...Objective To systematically evaluate the quality of pharmacoeconomics on hypertension management,and provide reference for promoting the development of pharmacoeconomics in China.Methods Some Chinese databases including CNKI,VIP,Wanfang,as well as international databases such as PubMed and Web of Science were searched to collect studies of economic evaluation on hypertension management in China.The quality of health economic studies(QHES)scale was used to assess the quality of the literature and to analyze the current situation and shortcomings of pharmacoeconomics in the field of hypertension in China.Results and Conclusion A total of 363 articles were included in this study.The quality assessment results showed that the average score of pharmacoeconomics on hypertension management was 42.54 points.The quality of literature published by medical institutions was significantly lower than that published by universities/research institutes(41.25 vs.54.68,P<0.05).Among the 363 articles,3.31%(12 articles)were of high quality(75-100 points),29.20%(106 articles)were of moderate quality(50-74 points),66.12%(240 articles)were of low quality(25-49 points),and 1.38%(5 articles)were of extremely low quality(0-24 points).These papers have such problems as unclear research perspectives,single research methods,ambiguous data sources,inappropriate study duration for disease characteristics,and insufficient sensitivity analysis factors.Overall,the quality evaluation of pharmacoeconomics on hypertension management in China is generally low with poor standardization,which should be improved in the future.展开更多
Objective To systematically evaluate the overall characteristics and quality of literature on economic evaluation of drugs for type 2 diabetes,and to provide recommendations for future research and related decision-ma...Objective To systematically evaluate the overall characteristics and quality of literature on economic evaluation of drugs for type 2 diabetes,and to provide recommendations for future research and related decision-making.Methods The economic evaluation literature on drugs for type 2 diabetes based on the Chinese population were searched from CNKI,Wanfang,VIP and PubMed databases.The literature that met the inclusion criteria was selected,and the key research elements were extracted.Meanwhile,the quality of health economics studies(QHES)was used to evaluate the quality of the literature.Results and Conclusion A total of 325 articles(296 in Chinese and 29 in English)were included.Most of the studies were conducted by medical institutions(247 articles,76.0%)and they used cost-effectiveness analysis(295 articles,90.8%).However,most of the included literature did not report study perspective(267 articles,90.2%).The average QHES score of the included literature was 57.29,and the quality of the literature was concentrated in“low quality”(123 articles,37.8%)and“average quality”(138 articles,42.5%).Literature published in English journals,or using modeling methods,or from universities had relatively higher quality.The quality of economic evaluation literature on drugs for type 2 diabetes based on the Chinese population is generally low at present.There are many problems,such as single research institutions and methods,lack of research perspectives,and no sensitivity analysis.展开更多
目的 了解目前欧洲五维健康量表(EQ-5D)在中医药领域卫生经济学研究方面的应用状况和存在问题。方法 系统检索PubMed、Embase、中国知网(CNKI)、中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)和万方数据库,纳入包含EQ-5D分析内容的“中药”“推拿”“针...目的 了解目前欧洲五维健康量表(EQ-5D)在中医药领域卫生经济学研究方面的应用状况和存在问题。方法 系统检索PubMed、Embase、中国知网(CNKI)、中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)和万方数据库,纳入包含EQ-5D分析内容的“中药”“推拿”“针刺”等中医药领域的临床研究文献。采用事先制订的Excel电子表格进行数据提取,提取信息包括:题目、发表年份、作者、单位、国家、利益冲突(有无声明或者有无企业参与)、研究类型、研究对象、干预措施、结局指标、研究角度及测量方法等信息。采用卫生经济学研究质量评价量表(Quality of health economic studies,QHES)对纳入文献进行方法学质量评价。采用SPSS 18.0软件对提取的数据进行描述性分析。结果 共纳入52篇文献,研究设计以随机对照试验为主。EQ-5D-5L的应用少于EQ-5D-3L,大部分文献共同使用了效用值和质量调整生命年(Quality-adjusted life years,QALYs)进行成本-效用分析(Cost-utility analysis,CUA)。肌肉骨骼系统疾病研究使用EQ-5D较多,中成药和针刺是最常研究的干预手段;中成药在大部分系统疾病中均有应用,但主要应用在肌肉骨骼系统疾病,与推拿应用的比例相当。针刺是肌肉骨骼系统疾病中应用最为广泛的干预措施,其次是对疼痛类疾病的应用。根据QHES评价标准,可获取全文的37篇文献的平均得分为73.49分,其中有20篇文献属于高质量研究,14篇为一般质量,3篇为低质量。研究质量总体尚可,但存在研究时限选择、研究结果解释、利益冲突、研究角度、效用值及QALYs的评价存在不合理或未报告等问题。所有企业参与的研究均未进行利益冲突声明。结论 中医药领域卫生经济学评价中对EQ-5D的应用偏少,文献质量仍有待提高,该领域研究应用EQ-5D仍有较大的空间。展开更多
Topological phases in condensed matter have become one of the most vibrant branches in contemporary physics.Reaching back more than four decades,the discovery of the quantum Hall effect(QHE)in GaAs/GaAlAs semiconducto...Topological phases in condensed matter have become one of the most vibrant branches in contemporary physics.Reaching back more than four decades,the discovery of the quantum Hall effect(QHE)in GaAs/GaAlAs semiconductor heterostructures has been a milestone for the field of topological quantum states[1].展开更多
We review our most recent research on quantum transport,organizing the review according to the intensity of the magnetic field and focus mostly on topological semimetals and topological insulators.We first describe th...We review our most recent research on quantum transport,organizing the review according to the intensity of the magnetic field and focus mostly on topological semimetals and topological insulators.We first describe the phenomenon of quantum transport when a magnetic field is not present.We introduce the nonlinear Hall effect and its theoretical descriptions.Then,we discuss Coulomb instabilities in 3D higher-order topological insulators.Next,we pay close attention to the surface states and find a function to identify the axion insulator in the antiferromagnetic topological insulator MnBi2Te4.Under weak magnetic fields,we focus on the decaying Majorana oscillations which has the correlation with spin−orbit coupling.In the section on strong magnetic fields,we study the helical edge states and the one-sided hinge states of the Fermi-arc mechanism,which are relevant to the quantum Hall effect.Under extremely large magnetic fields,we derive a theoretical explanation of the negative magnetoresistance without a chiral anomaly.Then,we show how magnetic responses can be used to detect relativistic quasiparticles.Additionally,we introduce the 3D quantum Hall effect’s charge-density wave mechanism and compare it with the theory of 3D transitions between metal and insulator driven by magnetic fields.展开更多
文摘Objective To systematically evaluate the quality of pharmacoeconomics on hypertension management,and provide reference for promoting the development of pharmacoeconomics in China.Methods Some Chinese databases including CNKI,VIP,Wanfang,as well as international databases such as PubMed and Web of Science were searched to collect studies of economic evaluation on hypertension management in China.The quality of health economic studies(QHES)scale was used to assess the quality of the literature and to analyze the current situation and shortcomings of pharmacoeconomics in the field of hypertension in China.Results and Conclusion A total of 363 articles were included in this study.The quality assessment results showed that the average score of pharmacoeconomics on hypertension management was 42.54 points.The quality of literature published by medical institutions was significantly lower than that published by universities/research institutes(41.25 vs.54.68,P<0.05).Among the 363 articles,3.31%(12 articles)were of high quality(75-100 points),29.20%(106 articles)were of moderate quality(50-74 points),66.12%(240 articles)were of low quality(25-49 points),and 1.38%(5 articles)were of extremely low quality(0-24 points).These papers have such problems as unclear research perspectives,single research methods,ambiguous data sources,inappropriate study duration for disease characteristics,and insufficient sensitivity analysis factors.Overall,the quality evaluation of pharmacoeconomics on hypertension management in China is generally low with poor standardization,which should be improved in the future.
文摘Objective To systematically evaluate the overall characteristics and quality of literature on economic evaluation of drugs for type 2 diabetes,and to provide recommendations for future research and related decision-making.Methods The economic evaluation literature on drugs for type 2 diabetes based on the Chinese population were searched from CNKI,Wanfang,VIP and PubMed databases.The literature that met the inclusion criteria was selected,and the key research elements were extracted.Meanwhile,the quality of health economics studies(QHES)was used to evaluate the quality of the literature.Results and Conclusion A total of 325 articles(296 in Chinese and 29 in English)were included.Most of the studies were conducted by medical institutions(247 articles,76.0%)and they used cost-effectiveness analysis(295 articles,90.8%).However,most of the included literature did not report study perspective(267 articles,90.2%).The average QHES score of the included literature was 57.29,and the quality of the literature was concentrated in“low quality”(123 articles,37.8%)and“average quality”(138 articles,42.5%).Literature published in English journals,or using modeling methods,or from universities had relatively higher quality.The quality of economic evaluation literature on drugs for type 2 diabetes based on the Chinese population is generally low at present.There are many problems,such as single research institutions and methods,lack of research perspectives,and no sensitivity analysis.
文摘目的 了解目前欧洲五维健康量表(EQ-5D)在中医药领域卫生经济学研究方面的应用状况和存在问题。方法 系统检索PubMed、Embase、中国知网(CNKI)、中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)和万方数据库,纳入包含EQ-5D分析内容的“中药”“推拿”“针刺”等中医药领域的临床研究文献。采用事先制订的Excel电子表格进行数据提取,提取信息包括:题目、发表年份、作者、单位、国家、利益冲突(有无声明或者有无企业参与)、研究类型、研究对象、干预措施、结局指标、研究角度及测量方法等信息。采用卫生经济学研究质量评价量表(Quality of health economic studies,QHES)对纳入文献进行方法学质量评价。采用SPSS 18.0软件对提取的数据进行描述性分析。结果 共纳入52篇文献,研究设计以随机对照试验为主。EQ-5D-5L的应用少于EQ-5D-3L,大部分文献共同使用了效用值和质量调整生命年(Quality-adjusted life years,QALYs)进行成本-效用分析(Cost-utility analysis,CUA)。肌肉骨骼系统疾病研究使用EQ-5D较多,中成药和针刺是最常研究的干预手段;中成药在大部分系统疾病中均有应用,但主要应用在肌肉骨骼系统疾病,与推拿应用的比例相当。针刺是肌肉骨骼系统疾病中应用最为广泛的干预措施,其次是对疼痛类疾病的应用。根据QHES评价标准,可获取全文的37篇文献的平均得分为73.49分,其中有20篇文献属于高质量研究,14篇为一般质量,3篇为低质量。研究质量总体尚可,但存在研究时限选择、研究结果解释、利益冲突、研究角度、效用值及QALYs的评价存在不合理或未报告等问题。所有企业参与的研究均未进行利益冲突声明。结论 中医药领域卫生经济学评价中对EQ-5D的应用偏少,文献质量仍有待提高,该领域研究应用EQ-5D仍有较大的空间。
基金funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft(DFG,German Research Foundation)through Project ID 258499086-SFB 1170,through the research unit QUAST,FOR 5249-449872909(P3)through the Würzburg-Dresden Cluster of Excellence on Complexity and Topology in Quantum Matter-ct.qmat,Project ID 390858490-EXC 2147.
文摘Topological phases in condensed matter have become one of the most vibrant branches in contemporary physics.Reaching back more than four decades,the discovery of the quantum Hall effect(QHE)in GaAs/GaAlAs semiconductor heterostructures has been a milestone for the field of topological quantum states[1].
基金This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFA1403700)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.11925402)+1 种基金Guangdong province(Nos.2020KCXTD001 and 2016ZT06D348)the Science,Technology and Innovation Commission of Shenzhen Municipality(Nos.ZDSYS20170303165926217,JAY20170412152620376,and KYTDPT20181011104202253).
文摘We review our most recent research on quantum transport,organizing the review according to the intensity of the magnetic field and focus mostly on topological semimetals and topological insulators.We first describe the phenomenon of quantum transport when a magnetic field is not present.We introduce the nonlinear Hall effect and its theoretical descriptions.Then,we discuss Coulomb instabilities in 3D higher-order topological insulators.Next,we pay close attention to the surface states and find a function to identify the axion insulator in the antiferromagnetic topological insulator MnBi2Te4.Under weak magnetic fields,we focus on the decaying Majorana oscillations which has the correlation with spin−orbit coupling.In the section on strong magnetic fields,we study the helical edge states and the one-sided hinge states of the Fermi-arc mechanism,which are relevant to the quantum Hall effect.Under extremely large magnetic fields,we derive a theoretical explanation of the negative magnetoresistance without a chiral anomaly.Then,we show how magnetic responses can be used to detect relativistic quasiparticles.Additionally,we introduce the 3D quantum Hall effect’s charge-density wave mechanism and compare it with the theory of 3D transitions between metal and insulator driven by magnetic fields.
