The average photoelectric conversion efficiency(PCE)of a bare mono crystalline silicon solar cell is 14.71%±0.03%under AM1.5.It decreases to 14.20%±0.005%when covering an un-doped flat glass on the solar cel...The average photoelectric conversion efficiency(PCE)of a bare mono crystalline silicon solar cell is 14.71%±0.03%under AM1.5.It decreases to 14.20%±0.005%when covering an un-doped flat glass on the solar cell,and it goes down to 14.10%±0.005%by using a 5 wt%Eu^3+doped glass.The absorptions of the Eu^3+doped CPM glass one-to-one match the excitation spectra at 362,381,393,400,413 and464 nm,which are related to the transitions of 7 F0→(5 D4,5 G2,5 L6,5 D3),7 F1→5 D3,and 7 F0→5 D2,respectively.In addition,a concave pyramid microstructure(CPM)is embedded in the glass surface to increase light transmittance.The average PCE increases to 14.61%±0.07%when a 5 wt%Eu^3+doped CPM glass covers on the silicon solar cell.Compared with the un-doped flat glass,a net increase of the PCE is0.41%,where the 0.16%increment of PCE is from the lighting trapping of the CPM structure,and the downshifting of near ultraviolet(NUV)light by Eu^3+ion donates the other 0.25%increment.It confirms that the as-prepared Eu^3+doped CPM glass has a good downshifting and antireflection function.展开更多
Aquifers composed of porous granular media are important to human beings because they are capable of storing a large amount of groundwater.Contaminant migration and remediation in subsurface environments are strongly ...Aquifers composed of porous granular media are important to human beings because they are capable of storing a large amount of groundwater.Contaminant migration and remediation in subsurface environments are strongly influenced by three-dimensional(3D)microstructures of porous media.In this study,fractal models are developed to investigate contaminant transport and surfactant-enhanced aquifer remediation(SEAR)for the regular tetrahedron microstructure(RTM)and right square pyramid microstructure(RSPM).The relationships of permeability and entry pressure are derived for these two kinds of 3D microstructures of granular porous media.Afterward,the difference in perchloroethylene(PCE)migration and SEAR efficiency between RTM and RSPM is investigated by the numerical simulation based on a synthetic heterogeneous granular aquifer.Results indicate that PCE penetrates faster and spreads farther in RSPM-based aquifers compared with RTM-based aquifers.Further,SEAR in RTM-based aquifers can achieve remediation efficiencies of 66.129%-92.214%with a mean of 84.324%,which is clearly lower than the SEAR efficiency of 70.149%-94.773%(with a mean of 89.122%)in RSPM-based aquifers.Findings are significant for understanding the 3D microstructure of porous media and how the microstructure of porous media affects macroscopic contaminant behaviors and remediation.展开更多
Monitoring physiological signals of the human body can provide extremely important information for sports healthcare,preventing injuries and providing efficient guidance for individual sports.However,the signals relat...Monitoring physiological signals of the human body can provide extremely important information for sports healthcare,preventing injuries and providing efficient guidance for individual sports.However,the signals related to human healthcare involve both subtle and vigorous signals,making it difficult for a sensor to satisfy the full-scale monitoring at the same time.Here,a novel conductive elastomer featuring homogeneously micropyramid-structured PDMS/CNT composite is used to fabricate highperformance piezoresistive sensors by a drop-casting method.Benefiting from the significant increase in the contact area of microstructure during deformation,the flexible sensor presents a broad detection range(up to 185.5 kPa),fast response/recovery time(44/13 ms),ultrahigh sensitivity(242.4 kPa–1)and excellent durability over 8,000 cycles.As a proof of concept,the as-fabricated pressure sensor can be used for body-area sports healthcare,and enable the detection of full-scale pressure distribution.Considering the fabulous sensing performance,the sensor may potentially become promising in personal sports healthcare and telemedicine monitoring.展开更多
基金Project supported by National"Double First-class"Construction Special Funding Project(0290-X2100502)。
文摘The average photoelectric conversion efficiency(PCE)of a bare mono crystalline silicon solar cell is 14.71%±0.03%under AM1.5.It decreases to 14.20%±0.005%when covering an un-doped flat glass on the solar cell,and it goes down to 14.10%±0.005%by using a 5 wt%Eu^3+doped glass.The absorptions of the Eu^3+doped CPM glass one-to-one match the excitation spectra at 362,381,393,400,413 and464 nm,which are related to the transitions of 7 F0→(5 D4,5 G2,5 L6,5 D3),7 F1→5 D3,and 7 F0→5 D2,respectively.In addition,a concave pyramid microstructure(CPM)is embedded in the glass surface to increase light transmittance.The average PCE increases to 14.61%±0.07%when a 5 wt%Eu^3+doped CPM glass covers on the silicon solar cell.Compared with the un-doped flat glass,a net increase of the PCE is0.41%,where the 0.16%increment of PCE is from the lighting trapping of the CPM structure,and the downshifting of near ultraviolet(NUV)light by Eu^3+ion donates the other 0.25%increment.It confirms that the as-prepared Eu^3+doped CPM glass has a good downshifting and antireflection function.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Plan of China (no.2019YFC1804302)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (no.2023A1515012228)Guangdong Provincial Environmental Protection Fund (Guangdong Financial Budget 20244).
文摘Aquifers composed of porous granular media are important to human beings because they are capable of storing a large amount of groundwater.Contaminant migration and remediation in subsurface environments are strongly influenced by three-dimensional(3D)microstructures of porous media.In this study,fractal models are developed to investigate contaminant transport and surfactant-enhanced aquifer remediation(SEAR)for the regular tetrahedron microstructure(RTM)and right square pyramid microstructure(RSPM).The relationships of permeability and entry pressure are derived for these two kinds of 3D microstructures of granular porous media.Afterward,the difference in perchloroethylene(PCE)migration and SEAR efficiency between RTM and RSPM is investigated by the numerical simulation based on a synthetic heterogeneous granular aquifer.Results indicate that PCE penetrates faster and spreads farther in RSPM-based aquifers compared with RTM-based aquifers.Further,SEAR in RTM-based aquifers can achieve remediation efficiencies of 66.129%-92.214%with a mean of 84.324%,which is clearly lower than the SEAR efficiency of 70.149%-94.773%(with a mean of 89.122%)in RSPM-based aquifers.Findings are significant for understanding the 3D microstructure of porous media and how the microstructure of porous media affects macroscopic contaminant behaviors and remediation.
基金This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61801403)the Sichuan province Foundation for Distinguished Young Team(No.20CXTD0106)the Basic Research Cultivation Project(No.2682021ZTPY004).
文摘Monitoring physiological signals of the human body can provide extremely important information for sports healthcare,preventing injuries and providing efficient guidance for individual sports.However,the signals related to human healthcare involve both subtle and vigorous signals,making it difficult for a sensor to satisfy the full-scale monitoring at the same time.Here,a novel conductive elastomer featuring homogeneously micropyramid-structured PDMS/CNT composite is used to fabricate highperformance piezoresistive sensors by a drop-casting method.Benefiting from the significant increase in the contact area of microstructure during deformation,the flexible sensor presents a broad detection range(up to 185.5 kPa),fast response/recovery time(44/13 ms),ultrahigh sensitivity(242.4 kPa–1)and excellent durability over 8,000 cycles.As a proof of concept,the as-fabricated pressure sensor can be used for body-area sports healthcare,and enable the detection of full-scale pressure distribution.Considering the fabulous sensing performance,the sensor may potentially become promising in personal sports healthcare and telemedicine monitoring.
