TENORM Regulation in the United States of America post-West Virginia vs.EPA Spenser Lynn,Charles Wilson,Emily Caffrey1(1.University of Alabama at Birmingham,School of Health Professions,Clinical and Diagnostic Science...TENORM Regulation in the United States of America post-West Virginia vs.EPA Spenser Lynn,Charles Wilson,Emily Caffrey1(1.University of Alabama at Birmingham,School of Health Professions,Clinical and Diagnostic Sciences,Health Physics Program,1720 University Blvd,Birmingham,AL 35294)Abstract:The regulation of technologically enhanced naturally occurring radioactive materials(TENORM)in the United States of America consists of fragmentary rules split between the federal and state governments.展开更多
Effects of High Temperature and High Humidity on the Degree of Ocular Damage Caused by 60 GHz Millimeter Wave Exposure Masami Kojima1,2,Takafumi Tasaki3,4,Toshio Kamijo5,Aki Hada5,Yukihisa Suzuki5,Masateru Ikehata6,Hi...Effects of High Temperature and High Humidity on the Degree of Ocular Damage Caused by 60 GHz Millimeter Wave Exposure Masami Kojima1,2,Takafumi Tasaki3,4,Toshio Kamijo5,Aki Hada5,Yukihisa Suzuki5,Masateru Ikehata6,Hiroshi Sasaki1,2(1.Division of Vision Research for Environmental Health,Medical Research Institute,Kanazawa Medical University,Kahoku,Japan;2.Department of Ophthalmology,Kanazawa Medical University,Kahoku,Japan;3.Division of Protein Regulation Research,Medical Research Institute;4.Department of Medical Zoology,Kanazawa Medical University,Kahoku,Japan;5.Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science,Graduate School of Systems Design,Tokyo Metropolitan University,Tokyo,Japan;6.Comfort Science and Engineering Laboratory,Human Science Division,Railway Technical Research Institute,Tokyo,Japan)Abstract:Millimeter waves(MMW)are pervasive in society;however,studies on the biological effects of MMWexposure are usually performed in laboratory settings not reflecting global environmental diversity.We investigated the effects of a 6 min exposure to 60 GHz MMW(wavelength,5.0 mm)at incident power densities of 200 and 300 mW cm-2 in eyes(exposed right eyes vs.unexposed left eyes)under various ambient temperature/relative humidity environments(24℃/50%,45℃/20%,and 45℃/80%)using an in vivo rabbit model.Correlations were examined with adverse ocular events,including corneal epithelial damage(assessed using fluorescein staining),corneal opacity(evaluated by slit-lamp microscopy)。展开更多
Special Purpose Rice (SPR) is a technology that consists of different rice varieties that were developed by Central Luzon State University. The unique varietal characteristics of SPR are pigmented, glutinous, good-yie...Special Purpose Rice (SPR) is a technology that consists of different rice varieties that were developed by Central Luzon State University. The unique varietal characteristics of SPR are pigmented, glutinous, good-yielding varieties planted in lowland areas. This study was conducted to increase farmers’ income through employing different promotion and extension activities and enterprise development. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Cost and return and benefit-cost analysis were used to determine the financial benefits of using the SPR in different production systems. Results revealed that incorporating the following parameters is critical in the sustainable adoption of the SPR. Amongst them are: ensuring that recommended production technologies are strictly followed by the farmers, ensuring the quality of seeds for planting, the presence of a market for the produce, engaging the farmers in value-adding activities like processing, capability development in entrepreneurship, and adopting clustering approach of the farmers to address economies of scale in marketing and processing. The use of SPR produced an average yield of 6.11 MT/ha and 5.04 MT/ha during the dry and wet seasons from 2021-2023, respectively, higher than the usual varieties of inbred rice. The net benefit from producing a CLS-2 variety of SPR is higher than regular rice, having an average difference of Php 22,355.53 per hectare from 2021-2023.展开更多
The rise of social media platforms has revolutionized communication, enabling the exchange of vast amounts of data through text, audio, images, and videos. These platforms have become critical for sharing opinions and...The rise of social media platforms has revolutionized communication, enabling the exchange of vast amounts of data through text, audio, images, and videos. These platforms have become critical for sharing opinions and insights, influencing daily habits, and driving business, political, and economic decisions. Text posts are particularly significant, and natural language processing (NLP) has emerged as a powerful tool for analyzing such data. While traditional NLP methods have been effective for structured media, social media content poses unique challenges due to its informal and diverse nature. This has spurred the development of new techniques tailored for processing and extracting insights from unstructured user-generated text. One key application of NLP is the summarization of user comments to manage overwhelming content volumes. Abstractive summarization has proven highly effective in generating concise, human-like summaries, offering clear overviews of key themes and sentiments. This enhances understanding and engagement while reducing cognitive effort for users. For businesses, summarization provides actionable insights into customer preferences and feedback, enabling faster trend analysis, improved responsiveness, and strategic adaptability. By distilling complex data into manageable insights, summarization plays a vital role in improving user experiences and empowering informed decision-making in a data-driven landscape. This paper proposes a new implementation framework by fine-tuning and parameterizing Transformer Large Language Models to manage and maintain linguistic and semantic components in abstractive summary generation. The system excels in transforming large volumes of data into meaningful summaries, as evidenced by its strong performance across metrics like fluency, consistency, readability, and semantic coherence.展开更多
Graphical abstracts(GAs)are emerging as a pivotal tool in medical literature,enhancing the dissemination and comprehension of complex clinical data through visual summaries.This editorial highlights the significant ad...Graphical abstracts(GAs)are emerging as a pivotal tool in medical literature,enhancing the dissemination and comprehension of complex clinical data through visual summaries.This editorial highlights the significant advantages of GAs,including improved clarity,increased reader engagement,and enhanced visibility of research findings.By transforming intricate scientific data into accessible visual formats,these abstracts facilitate quick and effective knowledge transfer,crucial in clinical decision-making and patient care.However,challenges such as potential data misrepresentation due to oversimplification,the skill gap in graphic design among researchers,and the lack of standardized creation guidelines pose barriers to their widespread adoption.Additionally,while software such as Adobe Illustrator,BioRender,and Canva are commonly employed to create these visuals,not all researchers may be proficient in their use.To address these issues,we recommend that academic journals establish clear guidelines and provide necessary design training to researchers.This proactive approach will ensure the creation of high-quality GAs,promote their standardization,and expand their use in clinical reporting,ultimately benefiting the medical community and improving healthcare outcomes.展开更多
For many people,including myself,“finding your purpose”can be a scary and overwhelming topic.In high school,I wasn't naturally drawn to any particular career,which made me feel like something was wrong with me.I...For many people,including myself,“finding your purpose”can be a scary and overwhelming topic.In high school,I wasn't naturally drawn to any particular career,which made me feel like something was wrong with me.I didn't have the“typical”aspirations that others seemed to have,leaving me feeling anxious and lost.However,I always knew I had a creative soul and that art was incredibly important to me.展开更多
Knowledge graphs convey precise semantic information that can be effectively interpreted by neural networks,and generating descriptive text based on these graphs places significant emphasis on content consistency.Howe...Knowledge graphs convey precise semantic information that can be effectively interpreted by neural networks,and generating descriptive text based on these graphs places significant emphasis on content consistency.However,knowledge graphs are inadequate for providing additional linguistic features such as paragraph structure and expressive modes,making it challenging to ensure content coherence in generating text that spans multiple sentences.This lack of coherence can further compromise the overall consistency of the content within a paragraph.In this work,we present the generation of scientific abstracts by leveraging knowledge graphs,with a focus on enhancing both content consistency and coherence.In particular,we construct the ACL Abstract Graph Dataset(ACL-AGD)which pairs knowledge graphs with text,incorporating sentence labels to guide text structure and diverse expressions.We then implement a Siamese network to complement and concretize the entities and relations based on paragraph structure by accomplishing two tasks:graph-to-text generation and entity alignment.Extensive experiments demonstrate that the logical paragraphs generated by our method exhibit entities with a uniform position distribution and appropriate frequency.In terms of content,our method accurately represents the information encoded in the knowledge graph,prevents the generation of irrelevant content,and achieves coherent and non-redundant adjacent sentences,even with a shared knowledge graph.展开更多
CAETE fosters real partnerships and drives China-Africa relations through business,culture and trust The city of Changsha recently concluded a remarkable chapter in China-Africa relations with the conclusion of the fo...CAETE fosters real partnerships and drives China-Africa relations through business,culture and trust The city of Changsha recently concluded a remarkable chapter in China-Africa relations with the conclusion of the fourth China-Africa Economic and Trade Expo(CAETE).Since its debut in 2019,the event has expanded in size and stature,emerging as a dynamic hub where business,innovation,and cultural exchange intersect.展开更多
With the increasing global demand for Chinese language,the teaching of Chinese for Specific Purposes(CSP)has occupied an increasingly important position in the teaching of Chinese as a foreign language.However,traditi...With the increasing global demand for Chinese language,the teaching of Chinese for Specific Purposes(CSP)has occupied an increasingly important position in the teaching of Chinese as a foreign language.However,traditional teaching methods often neglect the role of non-verbal symbols in language comprehension and communication.The multimodal discourse theory provides a new perspective for CSP teaching,which can effectively enhance students’understanding and mastery of specialized terminology and language application skills by integrating multisensory symbol systems such as language,vision,hearing,and touch.This paper starts from the current situation of teaching CSP and analyzes the adaptability between multimodal discourse and CSP teaching,aiming to provide theoretical support and practical suggestions for the innovation of the teaching mode of CSP.展开更多
This study systematically analyzes the genre structure and linguistic features of 42 English abstracts from six internationally renowned medical journals,based on the revised CARS model proposed by Swales.The research...This study systematically analyzes the genre structure and linguistic features of 42 English abstracts from six internationally renowned medical journals,based on the revised CARS model proposed by Swales.The research findings indicate that medical abstracts typically follow a three-step structure:“Establishing a Research Territory-Establishing a Research Niche-Occupying the Niche”,where the steps“Research Purpose”and“Research Results”are the most frequently utilized,forming the core content of the abstracts.Within the sequence of moves,81%conform to conventional patterns,while a minority of samples exhibit unconventional structures such as inversion,cycling,and repetition.In terms of linguistic features,the present simple tense and active voice are predominantly used,reflecting the universality of the research and the author’s agency;conversely,the simple past tense and passive voice are primarily employed to describe research methods and processes.This study reveals the writing conventions of medical abstracts,providing empirical evidence and genre reference for non-native scholars in the preparation and publication of their work in international journals.展开更多
English for Specific Academic Purposes(ESAP)focuses on English language skills in specific disciplines or research fields,and has played an important role in international communication in recent years.This paper aims...English for Specific Academic Purposes(ESAP)focuses on English language skills in specific disciplines or research fields,and has played an important role in international communication in recent years.This paper aims to explore the relationship between ESAP,the output of academic paper abstracts,and international communication effectiveness,so as to provide new ideas for enhancing international communication effectiveness.Through a questionnaire survey and combined with the structural equation model analysis method,the results show that the improvement of ESAP has a positive effect on the output of academic paper abstracts and international communication effectiveness;the output of academic paper abstracts can also positively enhance international communication effectiveness;meanwhile,the output of academic paper abstracts has a significant mediating effect.展开更多
In this paper the concepts of the boundary value problem of abstract kinetic equation with the first kind of critical parameter γ 0 and generalized periodic boundary conditions are introduced in a Lebesgue space whic...In this paper the concepts of the boundary value problem of abstract kinetic equation with the first kind of critical parameter γ 0 and generalized periodic boundary conditions are introduced in a Lebesgue space which consists of functions with vector valued in a general Banach space, and then describe the solution of these abstract boundary value problem by the abstract linear integral operator of Volterra type. We call this process the integral operator solving process.展开更多
The reactions of anionic zirconium oxide clusters ZrxOy- with C2H6 and C4H10 are investi-gated by a time of flight mass spectrometer coupled with a laser vaporization cluster source.Hydrogen containing products Zr2O5H...The reactions of anionic zirconium oxide clusters ZrxOy- with C2H6 and C4H10 are investi-gated by a time of flight mass spectrometer coupled with a laser vaporization cluster source.Hydrogen containing products Zr2O5H- and Zr3O7H- are observed after the reaction. Den-sity functional theory calculations indicate that the hydrogen abstraction is favorable in the reaction of Zr2O5- with C2H6, which supports that the observed Zr2O5H- and Zr3O7H- are due to hydrogen atom abstraction from the alkane molecules. This work shows a newpossible pathway in the reaction of zirconium oxide cluster anions with alkane molecules.展开更多
Pentachlorophenol, a widespread environmental pollutant that is possibly carcinogenic to humans, is metabolically oxidized to tetrachloroquinone （TCBQ） which can result in DNA damage. We have investigated the photoc...Pentachlorophenol, a widespread environmental pollutant that is possibly carcinogenic to humans, is metabolically oxidized to tetrachloroquinone （TCBQ） which can result in DNA damage. We have investigated the photochemical reaction dynamics of TCBQ with two pyrimidine type nucleobases （thymine and uracil） upon UVA （355 ran） excitation using the technique of nanosecond time-resolved laser flash photolysis. It has been found that 355 nm excitation populates TCBQ molecules to their triplet state 3TCBQ＊, which are highly reactive towards thymine or uracil and undergo two parallel reactions, the hydrogen abstraction and electron transfer, leading to the observed photoproducts of TCBQH. and TCBQ.- in transient absorption spectra. The concomitantly produced nucleobase radicals and radical cations are expected to induce a series of oxidative or strand cleavage damage to DNA afterwards. By characterizing the photochemical hydrogen abstraction and electron transfer reactions, our results provide potentially important molecular reaction mechanisms for understanding the carcinogenic effects of pentachlorophenol and its metabolites TCBQ.展开更多
This paper has addressed key notions about ESP and examined issues in ESP curriculum design. The content of the paper was determined by a need identified based on author＇s professional experience as an EMP instructor...This paper has addressed key notions about ESP and examined issues in ESP curriculum design. The content of the paper was determined by a need identified based on author＇s professional experience as an EMP instructor designing and delivering the content-based language lessons--language preparation for Doctoral Degree Applicants in medicine. The author believes that in English class teachers should adopt a student-centered approach, have some knowledge of the special subjects and choose appropriate materials that fit all medical students. This approach has achieved satisfactory result in helping students know about the latest breakthroughs in biomedical fields, communicate with colleagues of other countries and contribute to foreign medical journals.展开更多
presented The conceptions of abstract default reasoning frameworks （ADRFs） and D-consequence relations are Based on representation properties of D-consequence relations, it proves that any cumulative nonmonotonic co...presented The conceptions of abstract default reasoning frameworks （ADRFs） and D-consequence relations are Based on representation properties of D-consequence relations, it proves that any cumulative nonmonotonic consequence relation with the connective-free form can be represented by ADRFs.展开更多
A useful mid course guidance law for long range multi purpose missiles is proposed. The law consists of two parts. One is used in the horizontal guidance plane, and the other in the vertical guidance plane. The mid ...A useful mid course guidance law for long range multi purpose missiles is proposed. The law consists of two parts. One is used in the horizontal guidance plane, and the other in the vertical guidance plane. The mid course is combined with variable structure proportional navigation in the homing phase. Simulation results show that the proposed guidance law can meet the demands for starting up the homing phase and so the handing over between mid course guidance and terminal guidance can be carried out successfully.展开更多
文摘TENORM Regulation in the United States of America post-West Virginia vs.EPA Spenser Lynn,Charles Wilson,Emily Caffrey1(1.University of Alabama at Birmingham,School of Health Professions,Clinical and Diagnostic Sciences,Health Physics Program,1720 University Blvd,Birmingham,AL 35294)Abstract:The regulation of technologically enhanced naturally occurring radioactive materials(TENORM)in the United States of America consists of fragmentary rules split between the federal and state governments.
文摘Effects of High Temperature and High Humidity on the Degree of Ocular Damage Caused by 60 GHz Millimeter Wave Exposure Masami Kojima1,2,Takafumi Tasaki3,4,Toshio Kamijo5,Aki Hada5,Yukihisa Suzuki5,Masateru Ikehata6,Hiroshi Sasaki1,2(1.Division of Vision Research for Environmental Health,Medical Research Institute,Kanazawa Medical University,Kahoku,Japan;2.Department of Ophthalmology,Kanazawa Medical University,Kahoku,Japan;3.Division of Protein Regulation Research,Medical Research Institute;4.Department of Medical Zoology,Kanazawa Medical University,Kahoku,Japan;5.Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science,Graduate School of Systems Design,Tokyo Metropolitan University,Tokyo,Japan;6.Comfort Science and Engineering Laboratory,Human Science Division,Railway Technical Research Institute,Tokyo,Japan)Abstract:Millimeter waves(MMW)are pervasive in society;however,studies on the biological effects of MMWexposure are usually performed in laboratory settings not reflecting global environmental diversity.We investigated the effects of a 6 min exposure to 60 GHz MMW(wavelength,5.0 mm)at incident power densities of 200 and 300 mW cm-2 in eyes(exposed right eyes vs.unexposed left eyes)under various ambient temperature/relative humidity environments(24℃/50%,45℃/20%,and 45℃/80%)using an in vivo rabbit model.Correlations were examined with adverse ocular events,including corneal epithelial damage(assessed using fluorescein staining),corneal opacity(evaluated by slit-lamp microscopy)。
文摘Special Purpose Rice (SPR) is a technology that consists of different rice varieties that were developed by Central Luzon State University. The unique varietal characteristics of SPR are pigmented, glutinous, good-yielding varieties planted in lowland areas. This study was conducted to increase farmers’ income through employing different promotion and extension activities and enterprise development. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Cost and return and benefit-cost analysis were used to determine the financial benefits of using the SPR in different production systems. Results revealed that incorporating the following parameters is critical in the sustainable adoption of the SPR. Amongst them are: ensuring that recommended production technologies are strictly followed by the farmers, ensuring the quality of seeds for planting, the presence of a market for the produce, engaging the farmers in value-adding activities like processing, capability development in entrepreneurship, and adopting clustering approach of the farmers to address economies of scale in marketing and processing. The use of SPR produced an average yield of 6.11 MT/ha and 5.04 MT/ha during the dry and wet seasons from 2021-2023, respectively, higher than the usual varieties of inbred rice. The net benefit from producing a CLS-2 variety of SPR is higher than regular rice, having an average difference of Php 22,355.53 per hectare from 2021-2023.
文摘The rise of social media platforms has revolutionized communication, enabling the exchange of vast amounts of data through text, audio, images, and videos. These platforms have become critical for sharing opinions and insights, influencing daily habits, and driving business, political, and economic decisions. Text posts are particularly significant, and natural language processing (NLP) has emerged as a powerful tool for analyzing such data. While traditional NLP methods have been effective for structured media, social media content poses unique challenges due to its informal and diverse nature. This has spurred the development of new techniques tailored for processing and extracting insights from unstructured user-generated text. One key application of NLP is the summarization of user comments to manage overwhelming content volumes. Abstractive summarization has proven highly effective in generating concise, human-like summaries, offering clear overviews of key themes and sentiments. This enhances understanding and engagement while reducing cognitive effort for users. For businesses, summarization provides actionable insights into customer preferences and feedback, enabling faster trend analysis, improved responsiveness, and strategic adaptability. By distilling complex data into manageable insights, summarization plays a vital role in improving user experiences and empowering informed decision-making in a data-driven landscape. This paper proposes a new implementation framework by fine-tuning and parameterizing Transformer Large Language Models to manage and maintain linguistic and semantic components in abstractive summary generation. The system excels in transforming large volumes of data into meaningful summaries, as evidenced by its strong performance across metrics like fluency, consistency, readability, and semantic coherence.
文摘Graphical abstracts(GAs)are emerging as a pivotal tool in medical literature,enhancing the dissemination and comprehension of complex clinical data through visual summaries.This editorial highlights the significant advantages of GAs,including improved clarity,increased reader engagement,and enhanced visibility of research findings.By transforming intricate scientific data into accessible visual formats,these abstracts facilitate quick and effective knowledge transfer,crucial in clinical decision-making and patient care.However,challenges such as potential data misrepresentation due to oversimplification,the skill gap in graphic design among researchers,and the lack of standardized creation guidelines pose barriers to their widespread adoption.Additionally,while software such as Adobe Illustrator,BioRender,and Canva are commonly employed to create these visuals,not all researchers may be proficient in their use.To address these issues,we recommend that academic journals establish clear guidelines and provide necessary design training to researchers.This proactive approach will ensure the creation of high-quality GAs,promote their standardization,and expand their use in clinical reporting,ultimately benefiting the medical community and improving healthcare outcomes.
文摘For many people,including myself,“finding your purpose”can be a scary and overwhelming topic.In high school,I wasn't naturally drawn to any particular career,which made me feel like something was wrong with me.I didn't have the“typical”aspirations that others seemed to have,leaving me feeling anxious and lost.However,I always knew I had a creative soul and that art was incredibly important to me.
文摘Knowledge graphs convey precise semantic information that can be effectively interpreted by neural networks,and generating descriptive text based on these graphs places significant emphasis on content consistency.However,knowledge graphs are inadequate for providing additional linguistic features such as paragraph structure and expressive modes,making it challenging to ensure content coherence in generating text that spans multiple sentences.This lack of coherence can further compromise the overall consistency of the content within a paragraph.In this work,we present the generation of scientific abstracts by leveraging knowledge graphs,with a focus on enhancing both content consistency and coherence.In particular,we construct the ACL Abstract Graph Dataset(ACL-AGD)which pairs knowledge graphs with text,incorporating sentence labels to guide text structure and diverse expressions.We then implement a Siamese network to complement and concretize the entities and relations based on paragraph structure by accomplishing two tasks:graph-to-text generation and entity alignment.Extensive experiments demonstrate that the logical paragraphs generated by our method exhibit entities with a uniform position distribution and appropriate frequency.In terms of content,our method accurately represents the information encoded in the knowledge graph,prevents the generation of irrelevant content,and achieves coherent and non-redundant adjacent sentences,even with a shared knowledge graph.
文摘CAETE fosters real partnerships and drives China-Africa relations through business,culture and trust The city of Changsha recently concluded a remarkable chapter in China-Africa relations with the conclusion of the fourth China-Africa Economic and Trade Expo(CAETE).Since its debut in 2019,the event has expanded in size and stature,emerging as a dynamic hub where business,innovation,and cultural exchange intersect.
文摘With the increasing global demand for Chinese language,the teaching of Chinese for Specific Purposes(CSP)has occupied an increasingly important position in the teaching of Chinese as a foreign language.However,traditional teaching methods often neglect the role of non-verbal symbols in language comprehension and communication.The multimodal discourse theory provides a new perspective for CSP teaching,which can effectively enhance students’understanding and mastery of specialized terminology and language application skills by integrating multisensory symbol systems such as language,vision,hearing,and touch.This paper starts from the current situation of teaching CSP and analyzes the adaptability between multimodal discourse and CSP teaching,aiming to provide theoretical support and practical suggestions for the innovation of the teaching mode of CSP.
文摘This study systematically analyzes the genre structure and linguistic features of 42 English abstracts from six internationally renowned medical journals,based on the revised CARS model proposed by Swales.The research findings indicate that medical abstracts typically follow a three-step structure:“Establishing a Research Territory-Establishing a Research Niche-Occupying the Niche”,where the steps“Research Purpose”and“Research Results”are the most frequently utilized,forming the core content of the abstracts.Within the sequence of moves,81%conform to conventional patterns,while a minority of samples exhibit unconventional structures such as inversion,cycling,and repetition.In terms of linguistic features,the present simple tense and active voice are predominantly used,reflecting the universality of the research and the author’s agency;conversely,the simple past tense and passive voice are primarily employed to describe research methods and processes.This study reveals the writing conventions of medical abstracts,providing empirical evidence and genre reference for non-native scholars in the preparation and publication of their work in international journals.
基金This paper is part of the research results of the National Social Science Fund Project(Project No.:21XYY015)Hainan Provincial Education Reform Project(Project No.:Hnjg2023-136)。
文摘English for Specific Academic Purposes(ESAP)focuses on English language skills in specific disciplines or research fields,and has played an important role in international communication in recent years.This paper aims to explore the relationship between ESAP,the output of academic paper abstracts,and international communication effectiveness,so as to provide new ideas for enhancing international communication effectiveness.Through a questionnaire survey and combined with the structural equation model analysis method,the results show that the improvement of ESAP has a positive effect on the output of academic paper abstracts and international communication effectiveness;the output of academic paper abstracts can also positively enhance international communication effectiveness;meanwhile,the output of academic paper abstracts has a significant mediating effect.
文摘In this paper the concepts of the boundary value problem of abstract kinetic equation with the first kind of critical parameter γ 0 and generalized periodic boundary conditions are introduced in a Lebesgue space which consists of functions with vector valued in a general Banach space, and then describe the solution of these abstract boundary value problem by the abstract linear integral operator of Volterra type. We call this process the integral operator solving process.
基金This work was supported by the Chinese Academy of Sciences （Hundred Talents Fund）, the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No.20703048 and No.20803083）, and the Center of Molecular Science Foundation of Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences （No.CMS-LX200902）.
文摘The reactions of anionic zirconium oxide clusters ZrxOy- with C2H6 and C4H10 are investi-gated by a time of flight mass spectrometer coupled with a laser vaporization cluster source.Hydrogen containing products Zr2O5H- and Zr3O7H- are observed after the reaction. Den-sity functional theory calculations indicate that the hydrogen abstraction is favorable in the reaction of Zr2O5- with C2H6, which supports that the observed Zr2O5H- and Zr3O7H- are due to hydrogen atom abstraction from the alkane molecules. This work shows a newpossible pathway in the reaction of zirconium oxide cluster anions with alkane molecules.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No.20903104, No.2107320L and No.20733005） and the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
文摘Pentachlorophenol, a widespread environmental pollutant that is possibly carcinogenic to humans, is metabolically oxidized to tetrachloroquinone （TCBQ） which can result in DNA damage. We have investigated the photochemical reaction dynamics of TCBQ with two pyrimidine type nucleobases （thymine and uracil） upon UVA （355 ran） excitation using the technique of nanosecond time-resolved laser flash photolysis. It has been found that 355 nm excitation populates TCBQ molecules to their triplet state 3TCBQ＊, which are highly reactive towards thymine or uracil and undergo two parallel reactions, the hydrogen abstraction and electron transfer, leading to the observed photoproducts of TCBQH. and TCBQ.- in transient absorption spectra. The concomitantly produced nucleobase radicals and radical cations are expected to induce a series of oxidative or strand cleavage damage to DNA afterwards. By characterizing the photochemical hydrogen abstraction and electron transfer reactions, our results provide potentially important molecular reaction mechanisms for understanding the carcinogenic effects of pentachlorophenol and its metabolites TCBQ.
文摘This paper has addressed key notions about ESP and examined issues in ESP curriculum design. The content of the paper was determined by a need identified based on author＇s professional experience as an EMP instructor designing and delivering the content-based language lessons--language preparation for Doctoral Degree Applicants in medicine. The author believes that in English class teachers should adopt a student-centered approach, have some knowledge of the special subjects and choose appropriate materials that fit all medical students. This approach has achieved satisfactory result in helping students know about the latest breakthroughs in biomedical fields, communicate with colleagues of other countries and contribute to foreign medical journals.
文摘presented The conceptions of abstract default reasoning frameworks （ADRFs） and D-consequence relations are Based on representation properties of D-consequence relations, it proves that any cumulative nonmonotonic consequence relation with the connective-free form can be represented by ADRFs.
文摘A useful mid course guidance law for long range multi purpose missiles is proposed. The law consists of two parts. One is used in the horizontal guidance plane, and the other in the vertical guidance plane. The mid course is combined with variable structure proportional navigation in the homing phase. Simulation results show that the proposed guidance law can meet the demands for starting up the homing phase and so the handing over between mid course guidance and terminal guidance can be carried out successfully.
