Promoting the high penetration of renewable energies like photovoltaic(PV)systems has become an urgent issue for expanding modern power grids and has accomplished several challenges compared to existing distribution g...Promoting the high penetration of renewable energies like photovoltaic(PV)systems has become an urgent issue for expanding modern power grids and has accomplished several challenges compared to existing distribution grids.This study measures the effectiveness of the Puma optimizer(PO)algorithm in parameter estimation of PSC(perovskite solar cells)dynamic models with hysteresis consideration considering the electric field effects on operation.The models used in this study will incorporate hysteresis effects to capture the time-dependent behavior of PSCs accurately.The PO optimizes the proposed modified triple diode model(TDM)with a variable voltage capacitor and resistances(VVCARs)considering the hysteresis behavior.The suggested PO algorithm contrasts with other wellknown optimizers from the literature to demonstrate its superiority.The results emphasize that the PO realizes a lower RMSE(Root mean square errors),which proves its capability and efficacy in parameter extraction for the models.The statistical results emphasize the efficiency and supremacy of the proposed PO compared to the other well-known competing optimizers.The convergence rates show good,fast,and stable convergence rates with lower RMSE via PO compared to the other five competitive optimizers.Moreover,the lowermean realized via the PO optimizer is illustrated by the box plot for all optimizers.展开更多
目的检测小鼠海马、下丘脑、额叶皮质和颞叶皮质组织中的3-羟基丁酸和烟酸受体基因PUMA-G(protein upregulated in macrophages by IFN-g)的转录表达。方法采用试剂盒法提取脑组织总RNA,分光光度法测定RNA的含量和纯度,变性凝胶电泳检测...目的检测小鼠海马、下丘脑、额叶皮质和颞叶皮质组织中的3-羟基丁酸和烟酸受体基因PUMA-G(protein upregulated in macrophages by IFN-g)的转录表达。方法采用试剂盒法提取脑组织总RNA,分光光度法测定RNA的含量和纯度,变性凝胶电泳检测RNA的完整性,实时荧光定量PCR技术检测PUMA-G的转录表达。结果与阳性对照组(心肌组织)一样,PUMA-G在小鼠海马、下丘脑、额叶皮质和颞叶皮质组织中均有转录表达,其循环阈值(cycle threshold,Ct)低于40个循环数。但是各种脑组织中的转录表达水平不同,其中下丘脑的表达量最高,其Ct值为35.39±0.57,与阳性对照组35.15±0.31相似,而颞叶皮质中的表达最低,其Ct值为38.67±0.90,海马和额叶皮质的Ct值分别为37.59±0.60和37.75±0.51。结论通过实时荧光定量PCR技术检测到PUMA-G在小鼠脑组织中的转录表达。展开更多
基金supported via funding from Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University project number(PSAU/2025/R/1446).
文摘Promoting the high penetration of renewable energies like photovoltaic(PV)systems has become an urgent issue for expanding modern power grids and has accomplished several challenges compared to existing distribution grids.This study measures the effectiveness of the Puma optimizer(PO)algorithm in parameter estimation of PSC(perovskite solar cells)dynamic models with hysteresis consideration considering the electric field effects on operation.The models used in this study will incorporate hysteresis effects to capture the time-dependent behavior of PSCs accurately.The PO optimizes the proposed modified triple diode model(TDM)with a variable voltage capacitor and resistances(VVCARs)considering the hysteresis behavior.The suggested PO algorithm contrasts with other wellknown optimizers from the literature to demonstrate its superiority.The results emphasize that the PO realizes a lower RMSE(Root mean square errors),which proves its capability and efficacy in parameter extraction for the models.The statistical results emphasize the efficiency and supremacy of the proposed PO compared to the other well-known competing optimizers.The convergence rates show good,fast,and stable convergence rates with lower RMSE via PO compared to the other five competitive optimizers.Moreover,the lowermean realized via the PO optimizer is illustrated by the box plot for all optimizers.
文摘目的检测小鼠海马、下丘脑、额叶皮质和颞叶皮质组织中的3-羟基丁酸和烟酸受体基因PUMA-G(protein upregulated in macrophages by IFN-g)的转录表达。方法采用试剂盒法提取脑组织总RNA,分光光度法测定RNA的含量和纯度,变性凝胶电泳检测RNA的完整性,实时荧光定量PCR技术检测PUMA-G的转录表达。结果与阳性对照组(心肌组织)一样,PUMA-G在小鼠海马、下丘脑、额叶皮质和颞叶皮质组织中均有转录表达,其循环阈值(cycle threshold,Ct)低于40个循环数。但是各种脑组织中的转录表达水平不同,其中下丘脑的表达量最高,其Ct值为35.39±0.57,与阳性对照组35.15±0.31相似,而颞叶皮质中的表达最低,其Ct值为38.67±0.90,海马和额叶皮质的Ct值分别为37.59±0.60和37.75±0.51。结论通过实时荧光定量PCR技术检测到PUMA-G在小鼠脑组织中的转录表达。
