BlotMan is a protein blotting device that allows generating multiple membranes from a single polyacrylamide gel. To transfer all proteins uniformly with the same efficiency regardless of protein size, BlotMan employs ...BlotMan is a protein blotting device that allows generating multiple membranes from a single polyacrylamide gel. To transfer all proteins uniformly with the same efficiency regardless of protein size, BlotMan employs pulse-width-modulated (PWM) voltage that applies a higher average voltage to a larger protein species. BlotMan can be controlled not only by its custom-made interface but also by a smart phone via Bluetooth technology. In this study, we examined effects of PWM signals (50%, 60%, and 80% duty cycle) on transfer efficiency and signal intensity in comparison to a constant voltage signal (100% duty cycle). The result revealed that in response to the same average voltage of 150 V, a lower duty cycle with a higher maximum voltage increased transfer efficiency as well as sharpness of transferred proteins. We validated BlotMan’s capability using a chondrosarcoma cell line (SW1353 cells) and a breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB231 cells) in response to antitumor chemical agents. BlotMan successfully generated 5 membranes from a single gel and detected 5 protein species such as c-Src, eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha (eIF2), phosphorylated eIF2, lamin B, and actin. Collectively, we demonstrated herein that BlotMan reduces an amount of protein samples by generating multiple membranes from a single gel and improving signal intensity with PWM voltage signals.展开更多
A test bench of ABS/ASR integrated hydraulic system is developed by using pulse-width modulation （PWM） technology. The effective duty ratio range of ABS outlet valve has been tested in PWM control. With 50 Hz carrie...A test bench of ABS/ASR integrated hydraulic system is developed by using pulse-width modulation （PWM） technology. The effective duty ratio range of ABS outlet valve has been tested in PWM control. With 50 Hz carrier wave frequency, the tests are performed to determine the correspondence between duty ratio and the wheel cylinder pressure variation. The duty ratio range of ABS outlet valve in PWM control is determined and an experimental model of pressure reduction velocity （PRV） of wheel cylinder using PWM control is established. By comparison and test of the experimental model and realization of controlling the duty ratio of ABS outlet valves, the fine regulation of wheel cylinder PRV is realized in the working of ABS/ASR braking regulation, which is important and valuable to the improvement of the ABS/ASR controlling effect.展开更多
文摘BlotMan is a protein blotting device that allows generating multiple membranes from a single polyacrylamide gel. To transfer all proteins uniformly with the same efficiency regardless of protein size, BlotMan employs pulse-width-modulated (PWM) voltage that applies a higher average voltage to a larger protein species. BlotMan can be controlled not only by its custom-made interface but also by a smart phone via Bluetooth technology. In this study, we examined effects of PWM signals (50%, 60%, and 80% duty cycle) on transfer efficiency and signal intensity in comparison to a constant voltage signal (100% duty cycle). The result revealed that in response to the same average voltage of 150 V, a lower duty cycle with a higher maximum voltage increased transfer efficiency as well as sharpness of transferred proteins. We validated BlotMan’s capability using a chondrosarcoma cell line (SW1353 cells) and a breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB231 cells) in response to antitumor chemical agents. BlotMan successfully generated 5 membranes from a single gel and detected 5 protein species such as c-Src, eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha (eIF2), phosphorylated eIF2, lamin B, and actin. Collectively, we demonstrated herein that BlotMan reduces an amount of protein samples by generating multiple membranes from a single gel and improving signal intensity with PWM voltage signals.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (50122155)
文摘A test bench of ABS/ASR integrated hydraulic system is developed by using pulse-width modulation （PWM） technology. The effective duty ratio range of ABS outlet valve has been tested in PWM control. With 50 Hz carrier wave frequency, the tests are performed to determine the correspondence between duty ratio and the wheel cylinder pressure variation. The duty ratio range of ABS outlet valve in PWM control is determined and an experimental model of pressure reduction velocity （PRV） of wheel cylinder using PWM control is established. By comparison and test of the experimental model and realization of controlling the duty ratio of ABS outlet valves, the fine regulation of wheel cylinder PRV is realized in the working of ABS/ASR braking regulation, which is important and valuable to the improvement of the ABS/ASR controlling effect.
