Joining of aluminum to steel has attracted significant attention from the welding research community,automotive and rail transportation industries.Many current welding methods have been developed and applied,however,t...Joining of aluminum to steel has attracted significant attention from the welding research community,automotive and rail transportation industries.Many current welding methods have been developed and applied,however,they can not precisely control the heat input to work-piece,they are high costs,low efficiency and consist lots of complex welding devices,and the generated intermetallic compound layer in weld bead interface is thicker.A novel pulsed double electrode gas metal arc welding（Pulsed DE-GMAW）method is developed.To achieve a stable welding process for joining of aluminum to steel,a mathematical model of coupled arc is established,and a new control scheme that uses the average feedback arc voltage of main loop to adjust the wire feed speed to control coupled arc length is proposed and developed.Then,the impulse control simulation of coupled arc length,wire feed speed and wire extension is conducted to demonstrate the mathematical model and predict the stability of welding process by changing the distance of contact tip to work-piece（CTWD）.To prove the proposed PSO based PID control scheme’s feasibility,the rapid prototyping experimental system is setup and the bead-on-plate control experiments are conducted to join aluminum to steel.The impulse control simulation shows that the established model can accurately represent the variation of coupled arc length,wire feed speed and the average main arc voltage when the welding process is disturbed,and the developed controller has a faster response and adjustment,only runs about 0.1 s.The captured electric signals show the main arc voltage gradually closes to the supposed arc voltage by adjusting the wire feed speed in 0.8 s.The obtained typical current waveform demonstrates that the main current can be reduced by controlling the bypass current under maintaining a relative large total current.The control experiment proves the accuracy of proposed model and feasibility of new control scheme further.The beautiful and smooth weld beads are also obtained by this method.Pulsed DE-GMAW can thus be considered as an alternative method for low cost,high efficiency joining of aluminum to steel.展开更多
We present a robust quantum optimal control framework for implementing fast entangling gates on ion-trap quantum processors.The framework leverages tailored laser pulses to drive the multiple vibrational sidebands of ...We present a robust quantum optimal control framework for implementing fast entangling gates on ion-trap quantum processors.The framework leverages tailored laser pulses to drive the multiple vibrational sidebands of the ions to create phonon-mediated entangling gates and,unlike the state of the art,requires neither weakcoupling Lamb-Dicke approximation nor perturbation treatment.With the application of gradient-based optimal control,it enables finding amplitude-and phase-modulated laser control protocols that work without the Lamb-Dicke approximation,promising gate speeds on the order of microseconds comparable to the characteristic trap frequencies.Also,robustness requirements on the temperature of the ions and initial optical phase can be conveniently included to pursue high-quality fast gates against experimental imperfections.Our approach represents a step in speeding up quantum gates to achieve larger quantum circuits for quantum computation and simulation,and thus can find applications in near-future experiments.展开更多
The dual three-phase PMSM(DTP-PMSM)drives have received wide attention at high-power high-efficiency applications due to their merits of high output current ability and copper-loss-free field excitation.Meanwhile,the ...The dual three-phase PMSM(DTP-PMSM)drives have received wide attention at high-power high-efficiency applications due to their merits of high output current ability and copper-loss-free field excitation.Meanwhile,the DTPPMSM drive provides higher fault-tolerant capability for highreliability applications,e.g.,pumps and actuators in aircraft.For high-power drives with limited switching frequencies and highspeed drives with large fundamental frequencies,the ratio of switching frequency to fundamental frequency,i.e.,the carrier ratio,is usually below 15,which would significantly degrade the control performance.The purpose of this paper is to review the recent work on the modulation and control schemes for improving the operation performance of DTP-PMSM drives with low carrier ratios.Specifically,three categories of methods,i.e.,the space vector modulation based control,the model predictive control(MPC),and the optimized pulse pattern(OPP)based control are reviewed with principles and performance.In addition,brief discussions regarding the comparison and future trends are presented for low-carrier-ratio(LCR)modulation and control schemes of DTP-PMSM drives.展开更多
In this study, two optimal terminal guidance (OTG) laws, one of which takes into account the final velocity vector constraint, are developed for exoatmospheric interception using optimal control theory. In exoatmosphe...In this study, two optimal terminal guidance (OTG) laws, one of which takes into account the final velocity vector constraint, are developed for exoatmospheric interception using optimal control theory. In exoatmospheric interception, because the proposed guidance laws give full consideration to the effect of gravity, they consume much less fuel than the traditional guidance laws while requiring a light computational load. In the development of the guidance laws, a unified optimal guidance problem is put forward, where the final velocity vector constraint can be considered or neglected by properly adjusting a parameter in the cost function. To make this problem analytically solvable, a linear model is used to approximate the gravity difference, the difference of the gravitational accelerations of the target and interceptor. Additionally, an example is provided to show that some achievements of this study can be used to significantly improve the fuel efficiency of the pulsed guidance employed by the interceptor whose divert thrust level is fixed. (C) 2016 Chinese Society of Aeronautics and Astronautics. Production and hosting by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license.展开更多
为提高三相有源电力滤波器(active power filter,APF)的动态控制性能,基于PWM原理提出一种三相APF的等效离散切换系统模型(equivalent discrete-time switched linear system,EDSLS),经平衡流形邻域线性化后得到其线性离散系统模型(line...为提高三相有源电力滤波器(active power filter,APF)的动态控制性能,基于PWM原理提出一种三相APF的等效离散切换系统模型(equivalent discrete-time switched linear system,EDSLS),经平衡流形邻域线性化后得到其线性离散系统模型(linear equivalent discrete-time switched linear system,LEDSLS),最后针对该模型设计了能够实时跟踪补偿指令电流的二次线性最优控制器。该控制器以PWM占空比为控制量,物理意义明确,易于工程实现,并具有潜在的应用价值。仿真结果证明了该系统模型的正确性,设计的控制器可有效提高三相APF的动态性能。展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51165023)Project of International Cooperation and Exchanges of National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51210105024)+1 种基金Financial Commission of Gansu Province of Chinathe Hong Liu Outstanding Talent Training Plan of Lanzhou University of Technology,China(Grant No.J201201)
文摘Joining of aluminum to steel has attracted significant attention from the welding research community,automotive and rail transportation industries.Many current welding methods have been developed and applied,however,they can not precisely control the heat input to work-piece,they are high costs,low efficiency and consist lots of complex welding devices,and the generated intermetallic compound layer in weld bead interface is thicker.A novel pulsed double electrode gas metal arc welding（Pulsed DE-GMAW）method is developed.To achieve a stable welding process for joining of aluminum to steel,a mathematical model of coupled arc is established,and a new control scheme that uses the average feedback arc voltage of main loop to adjust the wire feed speed to control coupled arc length is proposed and developed.Then,the impulse control simulation of coupled arc length,wire feed speed and wire extension is conducted to demonstrate the mathematical model and predict the stability of welding process by changing the distance of contact tip to work-piece（CTWD）.To prove the proposed PSO based PID control scheme’s feasibility,the rapid prototyping experimental system is setup and the bead-on-plate control experiments are conducted to join aluminum to steel.The impulse control simulation shows that the established model can accurately represent the variation of coupled arc length,wire feed speed and the average main arc voltage when the welding process is disturbed,and the developed controller has a faster response and adjustment,only runs about 0.1 s.The captured electric signals show the main arc voltage gradually closes to the supposed arc voltage by adjusting the wire feed speed in 0.8 s.The obtained typical current waveform demonstrates that the main current can be reduced by controlling the bypass current under maintaining a relative large total current.The control experiment proves the accuracy of proposed model and feasibility of new control scheme further.The beautiful and smooth weld beads are also obtained by this method.Pulsed DE-GMAW can thus be considered as an alternative method for low cost,high efficiency joining of aluminum to steel.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12441502,12122506,12204230,and 12404554)the National Science and Technology Major Project of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2024ZD0300404)+6 种基金Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(Grant No.2021B1515020070)Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(Grant No.RCYX20200714114522109)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(CPSF)(2024M762114)Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF(GZC20231727)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.92165206 and 11974330)Innovation Program for Quantum Science and Technology(Grant No.2021ZD0301603)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities。
文摘We present a robust quantum optimal control framework for implementing fast entangling gates on ion-trap quantum processors.The framework leverages tailored laser pulses to drive the multiple vibrational sidebands of the ions to create phonon-mediated entangling gates and,unlike the state of the art,requires neither weakcoupling Lamb-Dicke approximation nor perturbation treatment.With the application of gradient-based optimal control,it enables finding amplitude-and phase-modulated laser control protocols that work without the Lamb-Dicke approximation,promising gate speeds on the order of microseconds comparable to the characteristic trap frequencies.Also,robustness requirements on the temperature of the ions and initial optical phase can be conveniently included to pursue high-quality fast gates against experimental imperfections.Our approach represents a step in speeding up quantum gates to achieve larger quantum circuits for quantum computation and simulation,and thus can find applications in near-future experiments.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China under the grant of 2022YFB3403100。
文摘The dual three-phase PMSM(DTP-PMSM)drives have received wide attention at high-power high-efficiency applications due to their merits of high output current ability and copper-loss-free field excitation.Meanwhile,the DTPPMSM drive provides higher fault-tolerant capability for highreliability applications,e.g.,pumps and actuators in aircraft.For high-power drives with limited switching frequencies and highspeed drives with large fundamental frequencies,the ratio of switching frequency to fundamental frequency,i.e.,the carrier ratio,is usually below 15,which would significantly degrade the control performance.The purpose of this paper is to review the recent work on the modulation and control schemes for improving the operation performance of DTP-PMSM drives with low carrier ratios.Specifically,three categories of methods,i.e.,the space vector modulation based control,the model predictive control(MPC),and the optimized pulse pattern(OPP)based control are reviewed with principles and performance.In addition,brief discussions regarding the comparison and future trends are presented for low-carrier-ratio(LCR)modulation and control schemes of DTP-PMSM drives.
文摘In this study, two optimal terminal guidance (OTG) laws, one of which takes into account the final velocity vector constraint, are developed for exoatmospheric interception using optimal control theory. In exoatmospheric interception, because the proposed guidance laws give full consideration to the effect of gravity, they consume much less fuel than the traditional guidance laws while requiring a light computational load. In the development of the guidance laws, a unified optimal guidance problem is put forward, where the final velocity vector constraint can be considered or neglected by properly adjusting a parameter in the cost function. To make this problem analytically solvable, a linear model is used to approximate the gravity difference, the difference of the gravitational accelerations of the target and interceptor. Additionally, an example is provided to show that some achievements of this study can be used to significantly improve the fuel efficiency of the pulsed guidance employed by the interceptor whose divert thrust level is fixed. (C) 2016 Chinese Society of Aeronautics and Astronautics. Production and hosting by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license.
文摘为提高三相有源电力滤波器(active power filter,APF)的动态控制性能,基于PWM原理提出一种三相APF的等效离散切换系统模型(equivalent discrete-time switched linear system,EDSLS),经平衡流形邻域线性化后得到其线性离散系统模型(linear equivalent discrete-time switched linear system,LEDSLS),最后针对该模型设计了能够实时跟踪补偿指令电流的二次线性最优控制器。该控制器以PWM占空比为控制量,物理意义明确,易于工程实现,并具有潜在的应用价值。仿真结果证明了该系统模型的正确性,设计的控制器可有效提高三相APF的动态性能。
