China adheres to a more flexible oil pricing mechanismBy ordering a hefty 9-percent price increase in gasoline and diesel, China is lending credibility to its pledges of a more market-oriented pricing system. The deci...China adheres to a more flexible oil pricing mechanismBy ordering a hefty 9-percent price increase in gasoline and diesel, China is lending credibility to its pledges of a more market-oriented pricing system. The decision, announced by the National Development and Reform展开更多
The aim of this research is to observe dose distributions in the vicinity of titanium prosthetic implants during radiotherapy procedures on 60Co teletherapy machine, Prowess Panther treatment planning system (TPS). Da...The aim of this research is to observe dose distributions in the vicinity of titanium prosthetic implants during radiotherapy procedures on 60Co teletherapy machine, Prowess Panther treatment planning system (TPS). Data were obtained using a locally fabricated tissue equivalent phantom CT images with titanium prosthesis which was irradiated with 60Co gamma radiation. Prowess TPS (1.25 MeV) estimated less variations. Proximal ends of the metal recorded slight increase in doses as a result of backscatter with dose increment below acceptable tolerance of ±3%. Doses measured decreases on the distal side of the prosthesis at a distance less than dmax from the plate on each beam energy. The depth dose increases marginally after a certain depth level which generally originated from the unperturbed dose due to increase in the electron fluence. The percentage of depth doses decrease with the increase in plate thickness. A reduction in the above trend was also noticed with an increase in beam energy primarily because scattered photons are more forwardly directed. Prowess TPS (convolution superposition algorithm) was found to be better at reducing dose variation when correction for artifact. Manual calculations on blue phantom data agree with results from Prowess. This treatment system is capable of simulating dose around titanium prosthesis as its range of densities, 0.00121 to 2.83, excludes titanium density (rED for titanium is 3.74).展开更多
17至19世纪,东南亚地区吸引了大量外来移民,其中中国移民群体尤为显著。这一时期,郑信、莫玖和罗芳伯等华人移民群体领袖,相继成为暹罗、湄公河三角洲及婆罗洲等一些地区的外来统治者。作为“有能力的人”(Man of Prowess),这些华人政...17至19世纪,东南亚地区吸引了大量外来移民,其中中国移民群体尤为显著。这一时期,郑信、莫玖和罗芳伯等华人移民群体领袖,相继成为暹罗、湄公河三角洲及婆罗洲等一些地区的外来统治者。作为“有能力的人”(Man of Prowess),这些华人政治领袖通过与当地人通婚,发挥了自身卓越的经济和军事才能,成功地吸引不同群体的追随者。他们在当地的统治体现了一种独特的“陌生人-王”模式。在这一模式中,外来统治者并不是单纯依靠获得当地民众的支持来确立自己的权威,而是首先构建以本族群追随者为核心的支持基础,随后逐步赢得本土居民的拥护,最终在异国他乡确立自己的统治。这种“陌生人-王”统治模式突出了族群力量的重要性。就当时的情况而言,华人政治领袖在东南亚的出现并非孤立现象,当时东南亚地区还出现了白人及阿拉伯人等“陌生人-王”,出现这种现象的根源在于东南亚本土的社会文化结构、商业世界主义和曼陀罗政治规则。这些“陌生人-王”政治领袖遵守本土的社会文化规范,并依据曼陀罗的互动规则行事,成为相互嵌入的本土曼陀罗体系中的一部分。展开更多
At the Quanzhou Maritime Museum, the wreckage of a seafaring wooden sailboat is on display, quietly attesting to the prosperity of Quanzhou and the technical prowess of its shipbuilders from a past era.
文摘China adheres to a more flexible oil pricing mechanismBy ordering a hefty 9-percent price increase in gasoline and diesel, China is lending credibility to its pledges of a more market-oriented pricing system. The decision, announced by the National Development and Reform
文摘The aim of this research is to observe dose distributions in the vicinity of titanium prosthetic implants during radiotherapy procedures on 60Co teletherapy machine, Prowess Panther treatment planning system (TPS). Data were obtained using a locally fabricated tissue equivalent phantom CT images with titanium prosthesis which was irradiated with 60Co gamma radiation. Prowess TPS (1.25 MeV) estimated less variations. Proximal ends of the metal recorded slight increase in doses as a result of backscatter with dose increment below acceptable tolerance of ±3%. Doses measured decreases on the distal side of the prosthesis at a distance less than dmax from the plate on each beam energy. The depth dose increases marginally after a certain depth level which generally originated from the unperturbed dose due to increase in the electron fluence. The percentage of depth doses decrease with the increase in plate thickness. A reduction in the above trend was also noticed with an increase in beam energy primarily because scattered photons are more forwardly directed. Prowess TPS (convolution superposition algorithm) was found to be better at reducing dose variation when correction for artifact. Manual calculations on blue phantom data agree with results from Prowess. This treatment system is capable of simulating dose around titanium prosthesis as its range of densities, 0.00121 to 2.83, excludes titanium density (rED for titanium is 3.74).
文摘17至19世纪,东南亚地区吸引了大量外来移民,其中中国移民群体尤为显著。这一时期,郑信、莫玖和罗芳伯等华人移民群体领袖,相继成为暹罗、湄公河三角洲及婆罗洲等一些地区的外来统治者。作为“有能力的人”(Man of Prowess),这些华人政治领袖通过与当地人通婚,发挥了自身卓越的经济和军事才能,成功地吸引不同群体的追随者。他们在当地的统治体现了一种独特的“陌生人-王”模式。在这一模式中,外来统治者并不是单纯依靠获得当地民众的支持来确立自己的权威,而是首先构建以本族群追随者为核心的支持基础,随后逐步赢得本土居民的拥护,最终在异国他乡确立自己的统治。这种“陌生人-王”统治模式突出了族群力量的重要性。就当时的情况而言,华人政治领袖在东南亚的出现并非孤立现象,当时东南亚地区还出现了白人及阿拉伯人等“陌生人-王”,出现这种现象的根源在于东南亚本土的社会文化结构、商业世界主义和曼陀罗政治规则。这些“陌生人-王”政治领袖遵守本土的社会文化规范,并依据曼陀罗的互动规则行事,成为相互嵌入的本土曼陀罗体系中的一部分。
文摘At the Quanzhou Maritime Museum, the wreckage of a seafaring wooden sailboat is on display, quietly attesting to the prosperity of Quanzhou and the technical prowess of its shipbuilders from a past era.
