Objective To introduce a novel Cobb protractor and assess its reliability and rapidity for measuring Cobb angle in scoliosis patients. Methods The novel Cobb protractor had two endplate markers. A measurement was perf...Objective To introduce a novel Cobb protractor and assess its reliability and rapidity for measuring Cobb angle in scoliosis patients. Methods The novel Cobb protractor had two endplate markers. A measurement was performed just to align the two markers to each endplate of the curve. The Cobb angle on the posteroanterior radiographs of 24 patients clinically diagnosed with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis was measured by three orthopedic surgeons with both standard Cobb method and the new technique, and the time of measurement was recorded. Intraclass correlation coefficients(ICCs) were calculated to assess the reliability of the new method. Results The time for a measurement with the new tool was approximately 10 seconds less than the time that used to finish a measurement with the standard method(P<0.05). The overall mean Cobb angle for the major curve of the 24 patients was 47.8°. The mean overall intraobserver and interobserver ICC was 0.971 and 0.971 for the Cobb method group, while the overall intraobserver ICC and the interobserver was 0.985 and 0.979 for the new tool group. Conclusions The novel Cobb protractor could perform quick measurement and measure almost all forms of radiographs. The Cobb protractor might be an ideal instrument to measure the Cobb angle.展开更多
目的观察克氏针撑开器辅助复位结合外固定架在治疗胫骨远端Salter-HarrisⅡ型骨骺损伤中的临床疗效,并探讨该方法的有效性、可行性和局限性。方法选择2020-12/2023-06月作者医院收治的胫骨远端Salter-HarrisⅡ型骨骺损伤患者10例,均采...目的观察克氏针撑开器辅助复位结合外固定架在治疗胫骨远端Salter-HarrisⅡ型骨骺损伤中的临床疗效,并探讨该方法的有效性、可行性和局限性。方法选择2020-12/2023-06月作者医院收治的胫骨远端Salter-HarrisⅡ型骨骺损伤患者10例,均采用克氏针撑开器辅助复位结合外固定架进行治疗,记录患者术前住院日、切口长度、手术时间、术中出血量、软组织并发症、骨折愈合时间及骨折愈合率、术后远期并发症(畸形愈合、骨骺早闭、肢体短缩等),末次随访时采用美国矫形外科足踝协会(American society of orthopaedic foot and ankle surgery,AOFAS)踝-后足评分评估患者踝关节功能恢复情况。结果10例患者均获得随访,随访时间为(17.30±3.70)个月,术前住院日为(5.20±1.80)d,切口长度为(5.40±1.10)cm,手术时间为(80.00±21.50)min,术中出血量为(31.00±17.90)ml;术后切口均一期愈合,未出现切口感染、坏死等软组织并发症;术后X线检查提示骨折愈合时间为(2.00±0.50)个月;骨折愈合率为100%;术后X线复查中未发现骨桥形成、关节面不平整及骨骺早闭;术后随访中未见患侧肢体出现短缩及旋转畸形;末次随访时患足AOFAS踝-后足评分为(92.30±4.20)分。结论对于胫骨远端Salter-HarrisⅡ型骨骺损伤患者,克氏针撑开器有利于术中复位,外固定架固定可靠,可以减少对骨骺的医源性损伤,创伤相对更小,是治疗胫骨远端Salter-HarrisⅡ型骨骺损伤的一种选择,短期疗效满意。展开更多
In architecture and urban design,solar energy plays an important role to save fossil energy and preserve environment.Passive or active use of this energy needs especial consideration in the preliminary stage of design...In architecture and urban design,solar energy plays an important role to save fossil energy and preserve environment.Passive or active use of this energy needs especial consideration in the preliminary stage of design to the probable shadows.This work will answer two questions:1) How is it possible to distinguish shadow need periods during a year in a specific climate-2) How is it possible to produce shadow in hot periods without being deprived of pleasant sunshine in cold periods-In this regard,it will introduce the usage process and opportunities of "shading mask" of Olgyay as an easy and useful graphical method in six steps.At the end,different ways of using this method in design will be discussed.Several research projects that have been done in past 30 years will support the argument as examples of this method.展开更多
文摘Objective To introduce a novel Cobb protractor and assess its reliability and rapidity for measuring Cobb angle in scoliosis patients. Methods The novel Cobb protractor had two endplate markers. A measurement was performed just to align the two markers to each endplate of the curve. The Cobb angle on the posteroanterior radiographs of 24 patients clinically diagnosed with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis was measured by three orthopedic surgeons with both standard Cobb method and the new technique, and the time of measurement was recorded. Intraclass correlation coefficients(ICCs) were calculated to assess the reliability of the new method. Results The time for a measurement with the new tool was approximately 10 seconds less than the time that used to finish a measurement with the standard method(P<0.05). The overall mean Cobb angle for the major curve of the 24 patients was 47.8°. The mean overall intraobserver and interobserver ICC was 0.971 and 0.971 for the Cobb method group, while the overall intraobserver ICC and the interobserver was 0.985 and 0.979 for the new tool group. Conclusions The novel Cobb protractor could perform quick measurement and measure almost all forms of radiographs. The Cobb protractor might be an ideal instrument to measure the Cobb angle.
文摘目的观察克氏针撑开器辅助复位结合外固定架在治疗胫骨远端Salter-HarrisⅡ型骨骺损伤中的临床疗效,并探讨该方法的有效性、可行性和局限性。方法选择2020-12/2023-06月作者医院收治的胫骨远端Salter-HarrisⅡ型骨骺损伤患者10例,均采用克氏针撑开器辅助复位结合外固定架进行治疗,记录患者术前住院日、切口长度、手术时间、术中出血量、软组织并发症、骨折愈合时间及骨折愈合率、术后远期并发症(畸形愈合、骨骺早闭、肢体短缩等),末次随访时采用美国矫形外科足踝协会(American society of orthopaedic foot and ankle surgery,AOFAS)踝-后足评分评估患者踝关节功能恢复情况。结果10例患者均获得随访,随访时间为(17.30±3.70)个月,术前住院日为(5.20±1.80)d,切口长度为(5.40±1.10)cm,手术时间为(80.00±21.50)min,术中出血量为(31.00±17.90)ml;术后切口均一期愈合,未出现切口感染、坏死等软组织并发症;术后X线检查提示骨折愈合时间为(2.00±0.50)个月;骨折愈合率为100%;术后X线复查中未发现骨桥形成、关节面不平整及骨骺早闭;术后随访中未见患侧肢体出现短缩及旋转畸形;末次随访时患足AOFAS踝-后足评分为(92.30±4.20)分。结论对于胫骨远端Salter-HarrisⅡ型骨骺损伤患者,克氏针撑开器有利于术中复位,外固定架固定可靠,可以减少对骨骺的医源性损伤,创伤相对更小,是治疗胫骨远端Salter-HarrisⅡ型骨骺损伤的一种选择,短期疗效满意。
文摘In architecture and urban design,solar energy plays an important role to save fossil energy and preserve environment.Passive or active use of this energy needs especial consideration in the preliminary stage of design to the probable shadows.This work will answer two questions:1) How is it possible to distinguish shadow need periods during a year in a specific climate-2) How is it possible to produce shadow in hot periods without being deprived of pleasant sunshine in cold periods-In this regard,it will introduce the usage process and opportunities of "shading mask" of Olgyay as an easy and useful graphical method in six steps.At the end,different ways of using this method in design will be discussed.Several research projects that have been done in past 30 years will support the argument as examples of this method.
