In networked control systems （NCS）,the control performance depends on not only the control algorithm but also the communication protocol stack.The performance degradation introduced by the heterogeneous and dynamic ...In networked control systems （NCS）,the control performance depends on not only the control algorithm but also the communication protocol stack.The performance degradation introduced by the heterogeneous and dynamic communication environment has intensified the need for the reconfigurable protocol stack.In this paper,a novel architecture for the reconfigurable protocol stack is proposed,which is a unified specification of the protocol components and service interfaces supporting both static and dynamic reconfiguration for existing industrial communication standards.Within the architecture,a triple-level self-organization structure is designed to manage the dynamic reconfiguration procedure based on information exchanges inside and outside the protocol stack.Especially,the protocol stack can be self-adaptive to various environment and system requirements through the reconfiguration of working mode,routing and scheduling table.Finally,the study on the protocol of dynamic address management is conducted for the system of controller area network （CAN）.The results show the efficiency of our self-organizing architecture for the implementation of a reconfigurable protocol stack.展开更多
Embedded Ethernet technology has been utilized increasingly widely as the communication mode in the substation automation system(SAS).This paper introduces the current applying situation about embedded Ethernet in SAS...Embedded Ethernet technology has been utilized increasingly widely as the communication mode in the substation automation system(SAS).This paper introduces the current applying situation about embedded Ethernet in SAS First.After analyzing the protocol levels used in SAS based on embedded Ethernet and the differences between the TCP and UDP,UDP/IP is selected as the communication protocol between the station-level and bay-level devices for its real-time characteristic.Then a new kind of implementation of the embedded Ethernet is presented based on hardware protocol stack.The designed scheme can be implemented easily,reduce cost significantly and shorten developing cycle.展开更多
It is extremely challenging for the 5G User Equipment(UE)to meet the requirement of low-latency data transmission with higher achievable data rates.And user plane processing of 5G protocol stack(PS)is one of the domin...It is extremely challenging for the 5G User Equipment(UE)to meet the requirement of low-latency data transmission with higher achievable data rates.And user plane processing of 5G protocol stack(PS)is one of the dominating components for end-to-end data transmission in the network system.In this paper,a cross-layer buffer management scheme(CLBM)is proposed.CLBM adopts a zero-copy technique for protocol data unit(PDU)processing between protocol layers and allows to improve the memory operation efficiency significantly with reduced processing latency and CPU usage.Moreover,the PS performance profiling(PSperf)tool,a general evaluation framework for the performance measurement and analysis of PS,is implemented based on the OpenAirInterface(OAI)5G platform.The evaluation result shows that compared with the PS of OAI the CLBM strategy reduces the CPU usage of RLC,PDCP,and MAC layer processing significantly up to 20.6%,63.4%,and 38.8%,respectively.In result,the processing delay of the whole user plane of PS also has been reduced distinctly at various offered traffic load.展开更多
A dynamic protocol stack(DPS) for ad hoc networks, together with a protocol stack construction scheme that is modeled as a multiconstrained knapsack problem is proposed. Compared to the traditional static protocol sta...A dynamic protocol stack(DPS) for ad hoc networks, together with a protocol stack construction scheme that is modeled as a multiconstrained knapsack problem is proposed. Compared to the traditional static protocol stack, DPS operates in a dynamic and adaptive manner and is scalable to network condition changes. In addition, a protocol construction algorithm is proposed to dynamically construct of the protocol stack each network node. Simulation results show that, the processing and forwarding performance of our scheme is close to 1 Gb/s, and the performance of our algorithm is close to that of the classical algorithms with much lower complexity.展开更多
近年来存储行业经历了巨大的变革,以固态硬盘(solid state drive, SSD)为代表的半导体存储设备迅猛发展,在性能上显著超越了通过磁头移动寻址的机械硬盘(hard disk drive, HDD).目前支持SSD的2种协议主要包括非易失性内存主机控制器接...近年来存储行业经历了巨大的变革,以固态硬盘(solid state drive, SSD)为代表的半导体存储设备迅猛发展,在性能上显著超越了通过磁头移动寻址的机械硬盘(hard disk drive, HDD).目前支持SSD的2种协议主要包括非易失性内存主机控制器接口规范(nonvolatile memory express, NVMe)协议与串行SCSI(serial attached small computer system interface, SAS)协议,即SAS. NVMe是专为SSD设计的高性能存储协议,能够很大限度地发挥SSD的性能;而SAS协议则充分考虑数据中心的需求,在提供高可靠性与高可扩展性的同时,兼顾了系统性能与成本的平衡.相对于日益增速的存储介质,针对慢速存储设备所设计的软件栈在一次I/O过程中所耗费的时间开销愈发显著.针对该问题学界及工业界都相继提出了众多解决方案,例如Intel提出的高性能存储开发包(storage performance development kit, SPDK)通过将设备驱动实现在用户空间,并采用轮询感知I/O完成等方式大幅度缩短了NVMe SSD对应用程序的响应时间,极大地提升了整个系统的整体性能.然而之前的研究工作针对SAS SSD存储软件栈的优化非常有限,为此在用户空间实现了针对SAS SSD的软件栈优化.实验结果表明,该优化能够有效缩短存储设备对应用程序的响应时间,提高应用对存储设备的访存效率.此外,为了准确评估I/O栈中存储设备的时间开销,硬件性能测试工具HwPerfIO被提出,能够消除大部分软件开销的影响以测得更加准确的存储设备性能.展开更多
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 60674081,No. 60834002,No. 61074145)
文摘In networked control systems （NCS）,the control performance depends on not only the control algorithm but also the communication protocol stack.The performance degradation introduced by the heterogeneous and dynamic communication environment has intensified the need for the reconfigurable protocol stack.In this paper,a novel architecture for the reconfigurable protocol stack is proposed,which is a unified specification of the protocol components and service interfaces supporting both static and dynamic reconfiguration for existing industrial communication standards.Within the architecture,a triple-level self-organization structure is designed to manage the dynamic reconfiguration procedure based on information exchanges inside and outside the protocol stack.Especially,the protocol stack can be self-adaptive to various environment and system requirements through the reconfiguration of working mode,routing and scheduling table.Finally,the study on the protocol of dynamic address management is conducted for the system of controller area network （CAN）.The results show the efficiency of our self-organizing architecture for the implementation of a reconfigurable protocol stack.
文摘Embedded Ethernet technology has been utilized increasingly widely as the communication mode in the substation automation system(SAS).This paper introduces the current applying situation about embedded Ethernet in SAS First.After analyzing the protocol levels used in SAS based on embedded Ethernet and the differences between the TCP and UDP,UDP/IP is selected as the communication protocol between the station-level and bay-level devices for its real-time characteristic.Then a new kind of implementation of the embedded Ethernet is presented based on hardware protocol stack.The designed scheme can be implemented easily,reduce cost significantly and shorten developing cycle.
基金Supported by the National Key R&D Project of China(No.2020YFB1807803)。
文摘It is extremely challenging for the 5G User Equipment(UE)to meet the requirement of low-latency data transmission with higher achievable data rates.And user plane processing of 5G protocol stack(PS)is one of the dominating components for end-to-end data transmission in the network system.In this paper,a cross-layer buffer management scheme(CLBM)is proposed.CLBM adopts a zero-copy technique for protocol data unit(PDU)processing between protocol layers and allows to improve the memory operation efficiency significantly with reduced processing latency and CPU usage.Moreover,the PS performance profiling(PSperf)tool,a general evaluation framework for the performance measurement and analysis of PS,is implemented based on the OpenAirInterface(OAI)5G platform.The evaluation result shows that compared with the PS of OAI the CLBM strategy reduces the CPU usage of RLC,PDCP,and MAC layer processing significantly up to 20.6%,63.4%,and 38.8%,respectively.In result,the processing delay of the whole user plane of PS also has been reduced distinctly at various offered traffic load.
基金supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (Grant No. 2014ZX03006003)the ZTE Research and Development Fund
文摘A dynamic protocol stack(DPS) for ad hoc networks, together with a protocol stack construction scheme that is modeled as a multiconstrained knapsack problem is proposed. Compared to the traditional static protocol stack, DPS operates in a dynamic and adaptive manner and is scalable to network condition changes. In addition, a protocol construction algorithm is proposed to dynamically construct of the protocol stack each network node. Simulation results show that, the processing and forwarding performance of our scheme is close to 1 Gb/s, and the performance of our algorithm is close to that of the classical algorithms with much lower complexity.
文摘近年来存储行业经历了巨大的变革,以固态硬盘(solid state drive, SSD)为代表的半导体存储设备迅猛发展,在性能上显著超越了通过磁头移动寻址的机械硬盘(hard disk drive, HDD).目前支持SSD的2种协议主要包括非易失性内存主机控制器接口规范(nonvolatile memory express, NVMe)协议与串行SCSI(serial attached small computer system interface, SAS)协议,即SAS. NVMe是专为SSD设计的高性能存储协议,能够很大限度地发挥SSD的性能;而SAS协议则充分考虑数据中心的需求,在提供高可靠性与高可扩展性的同时,兼顾了系统性能与成本的平衡.相对于日益增速的存储介质,针对慢速存储设备所设计的软件栈在一次I/O过程中所耗费的时间开销愈发显著.针对该问题学界及工业界都相继提出了众多解决方案,例如Intel提出的高性能存储开发包(storage performance development kit, SPDK)通过将设备驱动实现在用户空间,并采用轮询感知I/O完成等方式大幅度缩短了NVMe SSD对应用程序的响应时间,极大地提升了整个系统的整体性能.然而之前的研究工作针对SAS SSD存储软件栈的优化非常有限,为此在用户空间实现了针对SAS SSD的软件栈优化.实验结果表明,该优化能够有效缩短存储设备对应用程序的响应时间,提高应用对存储设备的访存效率.此外,为了准确评估I/O栈中存储设备的时间开销,硬件性能测试工具HwPerfIO被提出,能够消除大部分软件开销的影响以测得更加准确的存储设备性能.
