As is known to all, China has vast territory, abundant materials, numerous rivers and lakes, and developed water systems. It is the responsibility of every citizen to rationally utilize and protect these precious reso...As is known to all, China has vast territory, abundant materials, numerous rivers and lakes, and developed water systems. It is the responsibility of every citizen to rationally utilize and protect these precious resources. However, with the deepening of China's economic construction and the acceleration of the urbanization process, the demand for water resources in social production and life is increasing. At the same time, the unreasonable discharge of industrial wastewater and urban domestic sewage has caused many rivers and lakes in our country to be polluted to varying degrees, the water quality is continuously declining, small-area rivers and lakes are gradually disappearing, and "milk river" and "dye river" are appearing one after another, seriously damaging the ecological environment and breaking the situation of harmonious development between human beings and nature. In March 2017, the state officially issued the "Opinions on the Full Implementation of the River chief system" and in March 2021, the "Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of the Yangtze River". By fully implementing the concepts of green development and ecological construction, the state realizes the sustainable development of water resources and the lives of rivers and lakes in China, which is an important measure to improve the water environment, restore the ecological environment and protect water resources. At present, the management of river chief system in many areas of our country is still at the stage of practical exploration, and there are many problems. This paper will focus on the green river and lake management model under the background of river chief system, aiming at further strengthening the protection of rivers and lakes in our country.展开更多
Building the Yangtze River Economic Belt(YREB)is one of China’s three national development policies in the new era.The ecological environment of the Yangtze River Economic Belt must be protected not only for regional...Building the Yangtze River Economic Belt(YREB)is one of China’s three national development policies in the new era.The ecological environment of the Yangtze River Economic Belt must be protected not only for regional economic development but also for regional ecological security and ecological progress in this region.This paper takes the ecological space of the Yangtze River Economic Belt as the research object,based on land use data in 2010 and 2015,and uses the FLUS model to simulate and predict the ecological space of the research area in 2035.The variation of the research area’s ecological space area and its four sub-zones has remarkable stability under diverse situations.Both the production space priority scenarios(S1)and living space priority scenarios(S2)saw a fall in ecological space area,with the former experiencing the highest reduction(a total reduction of 25,212 km^(2)).Under the ecological space priority scenarios(S3)and comprehensive space optimization scenario(S4),the ecological space area increased,and the ecological space area expanded even more under the former scenario(a total growth of 23,648 km^(2)).In Yunnan-Guizhou,the ecological space is relatively stable,with minimal signs of change.In Sichuan-Chongqing,the Sichuan Basin,Zoige Grassland,and Longmen Mountains were significant regions of area changes in ecological space.In the middle reaches of the Yangtze River,the ecological space changes mainly occur in the Wuyi Mountains,Mufu Mountains,and Dabie Mountains,as well as the surrounding waters of Dongting Lake.The Yangtze River Delta’s changes were mainly observed in the eastern Dabie Mountains and Jianghuai Hills.展开更多
In this study, historical landscape dynamics were investigated to（i） map the land use/cover types for the years 1972, 1987, 2000 and 2014;（ii） determine the types and processes of landscape dynamics; and（iii） as...In this study, historical landscape dynamics were investigated to（i） map the land use/cover types for the years 1972, 1987, 2000 and 2014;（ii） determine the types and processes of landscape dynamics; and（iii） assess the landscape fragmentation and habitat loss over time. Supervised classification of multi-temporal Landsat images was used through a pixel-based approach. Post–classification methods included systematic and random change detection, trajectories analysis and landscape fragmentation assessment. The overall accuracies（and Kappa statistics） were of 68.86%（0.63）, 91.32%（0.79）, 90.66%（0.88） and 91.88%（0.89） for 1972, 1987, 2000 and 2014, respectively. The spatio-temporal analyses indicated that forests, woodlands and savannahs dominated the landscapes during the four dates, though constant areal decreases were observed. The most important dynamic process was the decline of woodlands with an average annual net loss rate of –2%. Meanwhile, the most important land transformation occurred during the transition 2000–2014, due to anthropogenic pressures. Though the most important loss of vegetation greenness occurred in the unprotected areas, the overall analyses of change indicated a declining trend of land cover quality and an increasing landscape fragmentation. Sustainable conservation strategies should be promoted while focusing restoration attention on degraded lands and fragmented ecosystems in order to support rural livelihood and biodiversity conservation.展开更多
The Yangtze River is the longest river in China,with abundant water resources,high water energy reserves,and rich biodiversity.Human activities have greatly changed the hydrology and ecology of the Yangtze River Basin...The Yangtze River is the longest river in China,with abundant water resources,high water energy reserves,and rich biodiversity.Human activities have greatly changed the hydrology and ecology of the Yangtze River Basin since the 1950s.The aquatic biodiversity in the Yangtze River Basin has declined sharply,while the amount offishery in the Yangtze River has been maintained due to higher intense offishing,artificial proliferation intervention,and other factors.Human activities including overfishing,water polluting,damming,reclaiming wetlands,shipping and shoreline development,species introduction,and so forth have had great influence on aquatic ecosystems.This paper also reviewed the measures implemented to protect the aquatic ecosystems of the Yangtze River.By reviewing the evolutionary trend of aquatic organisms in the Yangtze River Basin and the related human activities,this paper helps to better understand the biodiversity of the Yangtze River,and requires more attention on the continuous impact of human activities,as well as the effectiveness of protection measures under the new situation of Yangtze River protection.展开更多
The 20<sup>th</sup> National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed to promote the improvement of urban and rural living environment and build livable and workable villages and beautiful village...The 20<sup>th</sup> National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed to promote the improvement of urban and rural living environment and build livable and workable villages and beautiful villages. The development and challenges of rural domestic sewage treatment coexist. Based on the field investigation of 15 administrative villages in 3 districts and counties of Dongying City, there is a big gap between the development status of rural domestic sewage treatment and expectations. Investigate rural domestic sewage treatment cases in-depth, and condense four modes of primitive, developmental, mature and advanced in a variety of different rural domestic sewage treatment models for discussion, among which, the village sewage treatment work under the mature mode has achieved remarkable results, and is at the forefront of the current rural domestic sewage treatment. Through the multi-case analysis method, the practical dilemma of sewage treatment in different models of villages is summarized, and the feasible improvement path is explored, which contributes to the ecological protection and high-quality development of Dongying and the Yellow River Basin.展开更多
[Objective]The paper was to provide a scientific basis for protection and utilization of sinipercine fish resources in Jinjiang River,the national resources protection area. [Method]A total of 171 specimens of siniper...[Objective]The paper was to provide a scientific basis for protection and utilization of sinipercine fish resources in Jinjiang River,the national resources protection area. [Method]A total of 171 specimens of sinipercine were collected from Jinjiang River and its branches,identified and statistically counted.[Result]There were three species of wild sinipercine,including Siniperca scherzeri,Coreoperca whiteheadi and Siniperca kneri,with occurrence frequencies of100%,66. 7% and 50%,respectively. They were common species in the river,and S. scherzeri was dominant. The total allowable catch(TAC) of the three species was not big,and the individuals captured were generally small,and with rare mature individuals. [Conclusion]The resources of sinipercine had a preliminary recovery in the region after the foundation of the national resources protection area for aquatic resources in Jinjiang River in 2009.展开更多
The magnitude of river morphological changes are better analyzed through the use of quantitative approaches, wherein resolution accuracy and uncertainty assessment are treated as crucial key-factors. In this sense, th...The magnitude of river morphological changes are better analyzed through the use of quantitative approaches, wherein resolution accuracy and uncertainty assessment are treated as crucial key-factors. In this sense, the creation of precise DEMs （Digital Elevation Models） of rivers represents an affordable tool to analyze geomorphic variations and budgets, except for wetted areas, where reliable channel digitalization can normally be obtained only using expensive bathymetric surveys. The proposed work aims at improving channel surface models without having available bathymetric sensors, by deriving dry areas elevations from LiDAR data and water depth of wetted areas from aerial photos through a predictive depth-colour relationship. The methodology was applied to two different sub-reaches of the Piave River, a gravel-bed river which suffered severe flood events in 2010. Erosion and deposition patterns were identified through DEM differencing, showing a predominance of scour processes which can lead to channel instability situations. The bathymetric output was compared to other previously-derived models confirming the accuracy of the in-channel elevation estimates. Finally, a discussion on the role played by longitudinal protections during the studied flood events is proposed, focusing the attention on the incidence of two major bank erosions that removed significant volumes of stable areas.展开更多
The Yangtze River is the largest river in China, about 6,300 kilometres long with a drainage area and population accounting for 18.8 percent and 33 percent respectively in China. Aiming at increasing forest and vegeta...The Yangtze River is the largest river in China, about 6,300 kilometres long with a drainage area and population accounting for 18.8 percent and 33 percent respectively in China. Aiming at increasing forest and vegetation areas on the middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze River to control water and soil erosion, the Chinese government in 1989 decided to commence a construction project for the protection of the forest system on the middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze River. The project covers 645 counties (cities and districts) in 13 provinces,展开更多
In China, the construction of water conservancy projects has brought great convenience to the development of agriculture in China, which not only reduces the occurrence of flood disasters, but also promotes the develo...In China, the construction of water conservancy projects has brought great convenience to the development of agriculture in China, which not only reduces the occurrence of flood disasters, but also promotes the development of agricultural production in China. Therefore, in the process of infrastructure construction of water conservancy projects, we should also pay attention to the regulation of river courses in water conservancy projects. River ecological slope protection technology has played a very important role in water conservancy projects. It not only reduces the problem of water and soil loss around the water conservancy project, but also improves the beauty of the river. In addition, landscape planning has been carried out around the river, forming a beautiful waterfront scenic spot. Therefore, ecological river slope protection technology should be reasonably applied in water conservancy projects, and scientific and reasonable engineering and ecological measures should be taken to promote the development of water conservancy project construction on the basis of ensuring the construction quality of ecological river slope protection.展开更多
In this research, a new method is developed to determine the optimal contract load for a hydropower reservoir, which is achieved by incorporating environ- mental flows into the determination process to increase hydrop...In this research, a new method is developed to determine the optimal contract load for a hydropower reservoir, which is achieved by incorporating environ- mental flows into the determination process to increase hydropower revenues, while mitigating the negative impacts ofhydropower generation on riverine ecosystems. In this method, the degree of na^ral flow regime alteration is adopted as a constraint of hydropower generation to protect riverine ecosystems, and the maximization of mean annual revenue is set as the optimization objective. The contract load in each month and the associated reservoir operating parameters were simultaneously optimized by a genetic algorithm. The proposed method was applied to China＇s Wangkuai Reservoir to test its effectiveness. The new method offers two advantages over traditional studies. First, it takes into account both the economic benefits and the ecological needs of riverine systems, rather than only the economic benefits, as in previous methods. Second, although many measures have been established to mitigate the negative ecological impacts ofhydropower generation, few have been applied to the hydropower planning stage. Thus, since the contract load is an important planning parameter for hydropower generation, influencing both economic benefits and riverine ecosystem protection, this new method could provide guidelines for the establishment of river protection measures at the hydropower planning stage.展开更多
The growing frequency of devastating floods,from China's Hunan and Guizhou provinces to distant Texas in the United States,has sounded a global wakeup call for more effective river protection and govemance systems...The growing frequency of devastating floods,from China's Hunan and Guizhou provinces to distant Texas in the United States,has sounded a global wakeup call for more effective river protection and govemance systems.These disasters have laid bare the urgent need to not just rebuild damaged infrastructure,but to fundamentally reimagine our approach to water management.展开更多
文摘As is known to all, China has vast territory, abundant materials, numerous rivers and lakes, and developed water systems. It is the responsibility of every citizen to rationally utilize and protect these precious resources. However, with the deepening of China's economic construction and the acceleration of the urbanization process, the demand for water resources in social production and life is increasing. At the same time, the unreasonable discharge of industrial wastewater and urban domestic sewage has caused many rivers and lakes in our country to be polluted to varying degrees, the water quality is continuously declining, small-area rivers and lakes are gradually disappearing, and "milk river" and "dye river" are appearing one after another, seriously damaging the ecological environment and breaking the situation of harmonious development between human beings and nature. In March 2017, the state officially issued the "Opinions on the Full Implementation of the River chief system" and in March 2021, the "Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of the Yangtze River". By fully implementing the concepts of green development and ecological construction, the state realizes the sustainable development of water resources and the lives of rivers and lakes in China, which is an important measure to improve the water environment, restore the ecological environment and protect water resources. At present, the management of river chief system in many areas of our country is still at the stage of practical exploration, and there are many problems. This paper will focus on the green river and lake management model under the background of river chief system, aiming at further strengthening the protection of rivers and lakes in our country.
基金The Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China University of Geosciences(Wuhan),No.CUG2018123。
文摘Building the Yangtze River Economic Belt(YREB)is one of China’s three national development policies in the new era.The ecological environment of the Yangtze River Economic Belt must be protected not only for regional economic development but also for regional ecological security and ecological progress in this region.This paper takes the ecological space of the Yangtze River Economic Belt as the research object,based on land use data in 2010 and 2015,and uses the FLUS model to simulate and predict the ecological space of the research area in 2035.The variation of the research area’s ecological space area and its four sub-zones has remarkable stability under diverse situations.Both the production space priority scenarios(S1)and living space priority scenarios(S2)saw a fall in ecological space area,with the former experiencing the highest reduction(a total reduction of 25,212 km^(2)).Under the ecological space priority scenarios(S3)and comprehensive space optimization scenario(S4),the ecological space area increased,and the ecological space area expanded even more under the former scenario(a total growth of 23,648 km^(2)).In Yunnan-Guizhou,the ecological space is relatively stable,with minimal signs of change.In Sichuan-Chongqing,the Sichuan Basin,Zoige Grassland,and Longmen Mountains were significant regions of area changes in ecological space.In the middle reaches of the Yangtze River,the ecological space changes mainly occur in the Wuyi Mountains,Mufu Mountains,and Dabie Mountains,as well as the surrounding waters of Dongting Lake.The Yangtze River Delta’s changes were mainly observed in the eastern Dabie Mountains and Jianghuai Hills.
基金funded by the German Federal Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF)hosted by the Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology of Kumasi,Ghana+1 种基金the Laboratory of Botany and Plant Ecology (University of Lome, Togo) for fieldwork supportthe contribution of CGIAR-DS through the funding to Quang Bao Le
文摘In this study, historical landscape dynamics were investigated to（i） map the land use/cover types for the years 1972, 1987, 2000 and 2014;（ii） determine the types and processes of landscape dynamics; and（iii） assess the landscape fragmentation and habitat loss over time. Supervised classification of multi-temporal Landsat images was used through a pixel-based approach. Post–classification methods included systematic and random change detection, trajectories analysis and landscape fragmentation assessment. The overall accuracies（and Kappa statistics） were of 68.86%（0.63）, 91.32%（0.79）, 90.66%（0.88） and 91.88%（0.89） for 1972, 1987, 2000 and 2014, respectively. The spatio-temporal analyses indicated that forests, woodlands and savannahs dominated the landscapes during the four dates, though constant areal decreases were observed. The most important dynamic process was the decline of woodlands with an average annual net loss rate of –2%. Meanwhile, the most important land transformation occurred during the transition 2000–2014, due to anthropogenic pressures. Though the most important loss of vegetation greenness occurred in the unprotected areas, the overall analyses of change indicated a declining trend of land cover quality and an increasing landscape fragmentation. Sustainable conservation strategies should be promoted while focusing restoration attention on degraded lands and fragmented ecosystems in order to support rural livelihood and biodiversity conservation.
基金National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars,Grant/Award Number:52025092Beijing Outstanding Youth Funding Project,Grant/Award Number:JQ19034。
文摘The Yangtze River is the longest river in China,with abundant water resources,high water energy reserves,and rich biodiversity.Human activities have greatly changed the hydrology and ecology of the Yangtze River Basin since the 1950s.The aquatic biodiversity in the Yangtze River Basin has declined sharply,while the amount offishery in the Yangtze River has been maintained due to higher intense offishing,artificial proliferation intervention,and other factors.Human activities including overfishing,water polluting,damming,reclaiming wetlands,shipping and shoreline development,species introduction,and so forth have had great influence on aquatic ecosystems.This paper also reviewed the measures implemented to protect the aquatic ecosystems of the Yangtze River.By reviewing the evolutionary trend of aquatic organisms in the Yangtze River Basin and the related human activities,this paper helps to better understand the biodiversity of the Yangtze River,and requires more attention on the continuous impact of human activities,as well as the effectiveness of protection measures under the new situation of Yangtze River protection.
文摘The 20<sup>th</sup> National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed to promote the improvement of urban and rural living environment and build livable and workable villages and beautiful villages. The development and challenges of rural domestic sewage treatment coexist. Based on the field investigation of 15 administrative villages in 3 districts and counties of Dongying City, there is a big gap between the development status of rural domestic sewage treatment and expectations. Investigate rural domestic sewage treatment cases in-depth, and condense four modes of primitive, developmental, mature and advanced in a variety of different rural domestic sewage treatment models for discussion, among which, the village sewage treatment work under the mature mode has achieved remarkable results, and is at the forefront of the current rural domestic sewage treatment. Through the multi-case analysis method, the practical dilemma of sewage treatment in different models of villages is summarized, and the feasible improvement path is explored, which contributes to the ecological protection and high-quality development of Dongying and the Yellow River Basin.
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of Guizhou Provincial Department of Education"Research on Fish Resources in Sinipercinae in Fanjing Mountain and Neighboring Regions(QJK 010081)Key Support Disciplinary Projects of Colleges and Universities in Guizhou Province"Protection and Utilization of Wild Fauna and Flora"[QJHZDZCXK(2011)232]Featured Laboratory Construction Projects of Guizhou Provincial Department of Education"Key Laboratory of Special Wildlife Resources in Fanjing Mountain"[QJH KY(2011)232]
文摘[Objective]The paper was to provide a scientific basis for protection and utilization of sinipercine fish resources in Jinjiang River,the national resources protection area. [Method]A total of 171 specimens of sinipercine were collected from Jinjiang River and its branches,identified and statistically counted.[Result]There were three species of wild sinipercine,including Siniperca scherzeri,Coreoperca whiteheadi and Siniperca kneri,with occurrence frequencies of100%,66. 7% and 50%,respectively. They were common species in the river,and S. scherzeri was dominant. The total allowable catch(TAC) of the three species was not big,and the individuals captured were generally small,and with rare mature individuals. [Conclusion]The resources of sinipercine had a preliminary recovery in the region after the foundation of the national resources protection area for aquatic resources in Jinjiang River in 2009.
文摘The magnitude of river morphological changes are better analyzed through the use of quantitative approaches, wherein resolution accuracy and uncertainty assessment are treated as crucial key-factors. In this sense, the creation of precise DEMs （Digital Elevation Models） of rivers represents an affordable tool to analyze geomorphic variations and budgets, except for wetted areas, where reliable channel digitalization can normally be obtained only using expensive bathymetric surveys. The proposed work aims at improving channel surface models without having available bathymetric sensors, by deriving dry areas elevations from LiDAR data and water depth of wetted areas from aerial photos through a predictive depth-colour relationship. The methodology was applied to two different sub-reaches of the Piave River, a gravel-bed river which suffered severe flood events in 2010. Erosion and deposition patterns were identified through DEM differencing, showing a predominance of scour processes which can lead to channel instability situations. The bathymetric output was compared to other previously-derived models confirming the accuracy of the in-channel elevation estimates. Finally, a discussion on the role played by longitudinal protections during the studied flood events is proposed, focusing the attention on the incidence of two major bank erosions that removed significant volumes of stable areas.
文摘The Yangtze River is the largest river in China, about 6,300 kilometres long with a drainage area and population accounting for 18.8 percent and 33 percent respectively in China. Aiming at increasing forest and vegetation areas on the middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze River to control water and soil erosion, the Chinese government in 1989 decided to commence a construction project for the protection of the forest system on the middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze River. The project covers 645 counties (cities and districts) in 13 provinces,
文摘In China, the construction of water conservancy projects has brought great convenience to the development of agriculture in China, which not only reduces the occurrence of flood disasters, but also promotes the development of agricultural production in China. Therefore, in the process of infrastructure construction of water conservancy projects, we should also pay attention to the regulation of river courses in water conservancy projects. River ecological slope protection technology has played a very important role in water conservancy projects. It not only reduces the problem of water and soil loss around the water conservancy project, but also improves the beauty of the river. In addition, landscape planning has been carried out around the river, forming a beautiful waterfront scenic spot. Therefore, ecological river slope protection technology should be reasonably applied in water conservancy projects, and scientific and reasonable engineering and ecological measures should be taken to promote the development of water conservancy project construction on the basis of ensuring the construction quality of ecological river slope protection.
文摘In this research, a new method is developed to determine the optimal contract load for a hydropower reservoir, which is achieved by incorporating environ- mental flows into the determination process to increase hydropower revenues, while mitigating the negative impacts ofhydropower generation on riverine ecosystems. In this method, the degree of na^ral flow regime alteration is adopted as a constraint of hydropower generation to protect riverine ecosystems, and the maximization of mean annual revenue is set as the optimization objective. The contract load in each month and the associated reservoir operating parameters were simultaneously optimized by a genetic algorithm. The proposed method was applied to China＇s Wangkuai Reservoir to test its effectiveness. The new method offers two advantages over traditional studies. First, it takes into account both the economic benefits and the ecological needs of riverine systems, rather than only the economic benefits, as in previous methods. Second, although many measures have been established to mitigate the negative ecological impacts ofhydropower generation, few have been applied to the hydropower planning stage. Thus, since the contract load is an important planning parameter for hydropower generation, influencing both economic benefits and riverine ecosystem protection, this new method could provide guidelines for the establishment of river protection measures at the hydropower planning stage.
文摘The growing frequency of devastating floods,from China's Hunan and Guizhou provinces to distant Texas in the United States,has sounded a global wakeup call for more effective river protection and govemance systems.These disasters have laid bare the urgent need to not just rebuild damaged infrastructure,but to fundamentally reimagine our approach to water management.
