本文在双重差分模型下提出一种新的协变量平衡法估计倾向得分,进而估计受处理者的平均处理效应(The Average Treatment Effect on the Treated,ATT),该方法使控制组协变量逼近基的加权样本均值等于总体协变量逼近基的样本均值。相比于...本文在双重差分模型下提出一种新的协变量平衡法估计倾向得分,进而估计受处理者的平均处理效应(The Average Treatment Effect on the Treated,ATT),该方法使控制组协变量逼近基的加权样本均值等于总体协变量逼近基的样本均值。相比于传统估计方法,本文提出的方法有如下优势,一是,能够有效减少极端估计权重的出现,进而提升目标参数估计量的准确性和稳定性;二是,无需对倾向得分做任何函数形式假定,从而可以有效避免模型误设,且所得ATT估计量的权重自动满足归一化条件;三是,最优化函数满足严凸性且不带任何约束,从而确保解的唯一性和求解简便性。在某些正则条件下,本文证明ATT估计量具有一致性与渐近正态性,并且渐近方差可达到半参数效率的下界。此外,进一步使用蒙特卡罗模拟考察估计方法的有限样本性质,结果表明该方法具有较高的估计精度。最后,基于中国家庭追踪调查数据进行实证分析,进一步验证了精准扶贫政策的有效性。展开更多
Tourism-oriented livelihoods represent a significant avenue for transforming traditional agricultural practices.Analyzing their environmental impacts offers a novel perspective for exploring the complex interplay amon...Tourism-oriented livelihoods represent a significant avenue for transforming traditional agricultural practices.Analyzing their environmental impacts offers a novel perspective for exploring the complex interplay among human production,consumption,and the ecological environment at a micro level.In this study,Shaanxi Province farmers were selected as field survey participants.Based on a quantitative assessment of farmers’ecological footprints within the study area,how their participation in rural tourism affected ecological footprints was analyzed using the propensity score matching model,and the heterogeneity of the impact and underlying mechanisms were further explored.Results indicate that the ecological footprint of farmers varies significantly across land-use types and consumption categories.Moreover,the spatial distribution of the ecological footprints exhibits a distinct“high at both ends and low in the middle”pattern.Participation in rural tourism significantly reduces the ecological footprint,particularly among farmers with higher levels of social trust or lower economic status.Further analysis shows that habitat quality and vegetation coverage are key ecological indicators that exert a significant positive moderating effect on the negative impact of rural tourism participation on farmers’ecological footprints.These findings highlight the importance of integrating ecological conservation with economic development.Accordingly,tailored policies,improved ecological service systems,and enhanced regional ecological quality are recommended to increase resource-use efficiency and promote a virtuous cycle between environmental sustainability and rural economic growth.展开更多
National e-commerce demonstration city(NEDC)pilots play a crucial role in transforming urban e-commerce and significantly affect urban land resource carrying capacity(LRCC).Using panel data from prefecture-level citie...National e-commerce demonstration city(NEDC)pilots play a crucial role in transforming urban e-commerce and significantly affect urban land resource carrying capacity(LRCC).Using panel data from prefecture-level cities in China spanning 2006 to 2020,this study treats the NEDC pilot program as a quasi-natural experiment.A theoretical mechanism analysis was conducted to explore the implications of the NEDC pilot program on urban LRCC,and the propensity score matching double-difference method was used to estimate its effects.The findings show that the NEDC pilot program significantly inhibits the enhancement of urban LRCC,a conclusion that remains robust after multiple validity tests.Moreover,as the level of green development in urban land increases,the impact of the NEDC pilot program on urban LRCC shifts from positive to negative.This negative effect is especially pronounced in regions with lower levels of urban informatization,as well as in central and western areas and large cities.Furthermore,the mechanism analysis indicates that the NEDC pilot program exerts a significant negative influence on urban LRCC through three main channels:technological innovation,industrial structure,and economic correlation.展开更多
文摘本文在双重差分模型下提出一种新的协变量平衡法估计倾向得分,进而估计受处理者的平均处理效应(The Average Treatment Effect on the Treated,ATT),该方法使控制组协变量逼近基的加权样本均值等于总体协变量逼近基的样本均值。相比于传统估计方法,本文提出的方法有如下优势,一是,能够有效减少极端估计权重的出现,进而提升目标参数估计量的准确性和稳定性;二是,无需对倾向得分做任何函数形式假定,从而可以有效避免模型误设,且所得ATT估计量的权重自动满足归一化条件;三是,最优化函数满足严凸性且不带任何约束,从而确保解的唯一性和求解简便性。在某些正则条件下,本文证明ATT估计量具有一致性与渐近正态性,并且渐近方差可达到半参数效率的下界。此外,进一步使用蒙特卡罗模拟考察估计方法的有限样本性质,结果表明该方法具有较高的估计精度。最后,基于中国家庭追踪调查数据进行实证分析,进一步验证了精准扶贫政策的有效性。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[Grant No.42171281,72442020]the Shaanxi Provincial Social Science Fund Project[Grant No.2024ES04]Shaanxi Province Postdoctoral Science Foundation[Grant No.2024BSHSDZZ013].
文摘Tourism-oriented livelihoods represent a significant avenue for transforming traditional agricultural practices.Analyzing their environmental impacts offers a novel perspective for exploring the complex interplay among human production,consumption,and the ecological environment at a micro level.In this study,Shaanxi Province farmers were selected as field survey participants.Based on a quantitative assessment of farmers’ecological footprints within the study area,how their participation in rural tourism affected ecological footprints was analyzed using the propensity score matching model,and the heterogeneity of the impact and underlying mechanisms were further explored.Results indicate that the ecological footprint of farmers varies significantly across land-use types and consumption categories.Moreover,the spatial distribution of the ecological footprints exhibits a distinct“high at both ends and low in the middle”pattern.Participation in rural tourism significantly reduces the ecological footprint,particularly among farmers with higher levels of social trust or lower economic status.Further analysis shows that habitat quality and vegetation coverage are key ecological indicators that exert a significant positive moderating effect on the negative impact of rural tourism participation on farmers’ecological footprints.These findings highlight the importance of integrating ecological conservation with economic development.Accordingly,tailored policies,improved ecological service systems,and enhanced regional ecological quality are recommended to increase resource-use efficiency and promote a virtuous cycle between environmental sustainability and rural economic growth.
基金funded by the National Social Science Foundation of China(later funded)[Grant No.23FJYA005].
文摘National e-commerce demonstration city(NEDC)pilots play a crucial role in transforming urban e-commerce and significantly affect urban land resource carrying capacity(LRCC).Using panel data from prefecture-level cities in China spanning 2006 to 2020,this study treats the NEDC pilot program as a quasi-natural experiment.A theoretical mechanism analysis was conducted to explore the implications of the NEDC pilot program on urban LRCC,and the propensity score matching double-difference method was used to estimate its effects.The findings show that the NEDC pilot program significantly inhibits the enhancement of urban LRCC,a conclusion that remains robust after multiple validity tests.Moreover,as the level of green development in urban land increases,the impact of the NEDC pilot program on urban LRCC shifts from positive to negative.This negative effect is especially pronounced in regions with lower levels of urban informatization,as well as in central and western areas and large cities.Furthermore,the mechanism analysis indicates that the NEDC pilot program exerts a significant negative influence on urban LRCC through three main channels:technological innovation,industrial structure,and economic correlation.
