Following the proposal of the“Emerging Engineering Education(EEE)”initiative,the cultivation of interdisciplinary innovative talents has gained increasing prominence.Currently,there exists a significant gap between ...Following the proposal of the“Emerging Engineering Education(EEE)”initiative,the cultivation of interdisciplinary innovative talents has gained increasing prominence.Currently,there exists a significant gap between the practical innovation capabilities of automotive majors in vocational colleges and the evolving demands of the industry.To address deficiencies in interdisciplinary innovative talent development programs,this study proposes an educational framework structured around“One Core,Two Dimensions,Three Levels.”Leveraging a project-driven teaching methodology and utilizing CATIA—the industry-standard 3D design software—as a central tool,we have developed a closed-loop teaching model integrating theory,modeling,simulation,and evaluation.This model underpins a newly designed automotive engineering practicum aimed at nurturing high-quality engineering talents equipped with three critical competencies:solving complex engineering challenges,digital design proficiency,and cross-disciplinary collaborative innovation.The proposed approach demonstrates potential to alleviate the structural disconnect between traditional engineering pedagogy and industry talent requirements.展开更多
自20世纪80年代以来,我国农业土地利用方式和农田管理发生了巨大变化,由此引起的土壤有机碳（SOC）含量、密度及其垂直分布发生了相应的变化,研究不同土地利用方式和管理对土壤有机碳的影响对于探讨农田生态系统的固碳作用具有重要的意...自20世纪80年代以来,我国农业土地利用方式和农田管理发生了巨大变化,由此引起的土壤有机碳（SOC）含量、密度及其垂直分布发生了相应的变化,研究不同土地利用方式和管理对土壤有机碳的影响对于探讨农田生态系统的固碳作用具有重要的意义.以北京市延怀盆地为典型研究地区,选择6种农业土地利用和管理模式,共计42块样地,在1m深土体内分层采集197个土壤样品.研究结果表明：（1） 不同农业土地利用和管理方式对SOC含量的影响主要发生在0～25 cm土层中,剖面中SOC含量自上向下明显降低.（2） 通过对6种土地利用和管理方式下土壤SOC含量进行比较,结果发现果园和高投入的玉米地土壤在0～100 cm土层中SOC含量均较高,变化范围分别为4.16～10.00 g kg^-1和4.73～9.31 g kg^-1; 菜地土壤在0～40 cm土层中SOC含量较高,变化范围为6.42～9.67 g kg^-1;大豆地、中、低投入玉米地土壤在0～100 cm土层中SOC含量较低,变化范围分别为3.27～7.73 g kg^-1、3.14～8.33 g kg^-1和1.83～7.67 g kg^-1. （3） 不同农业土地利用方式对SOC密度影响的趋势与对SOC含量影响的趋势基本一致,在0～100 cm土壤中,SOC密度的顺序为果园＞菜地＞高投入玉米地＞中投入玉米地＞大豆地＞低投入玉米地,变化范围为4.15～8.22 kg m^-2.展开更多
文摘Following the proposal of the“Emerging Engineering Education(EEE)”initiative,the cultivation of interdisciplinary innovative talents has gained increasing prominence.Currently,there exists a significant gap between the practical innovation capabilities of automotive majors in vocational colleges and the evolving demands of the industry.To address deficiencies in interdisciplinary innovative talent development programs,this study proposes an educational framework structured around“One Core,Two Dimensions,Three Levels.”Leveraging a project-driven teaching methodology and utilizing CATIA—the industry-standard 3D design software—as a central tool,we have developed a closed-loop teaching model integrating theory,modeling,simulation,and evaluation.This model underpins a newly designed automotive engineering practicum aimed at nurturing high-quality engineering talents equipped with three critical competencies:solving complex engineering challenges,digital design proficiency,and cross-disciplinary collaborative innovation.The proposed approach demonstrates potential to alleviate the structural disconnect between traditional engineering pedagogy and industry talent requirements.
文摘自20世纪80年代以来,我国农业土地利用方式和农田管理发生了巨大变化,由此引起的土壤有机碳（SOC）含量、密度及其垂直分布发生了相应的变化,研究不同土地利用方式和管理对土壤有机碳的影响对于探讨农田生态系统的固碳作用具有重要的意义.以北京市延怀盆地为典型研究地区,选择6种农业土地利用和管理模式,共计42块样地,在1m深土体内分层采集197个土壤样品.研究结果表明：（1） 不同农业土地利用和管理方式对SOC含量的影响主要发生在0～25 cm土层中,剖面中SOC含量自上向下明显降低.（2） 通过对6种土地利用和管理方式下土壤SOC含量进行比较,结果发现果园和高投入的玉米地土壤在0～100 cm土层中SOC含量均较高,变化范围分别为4.16～10.00 g kg^-1和4.73～9.31 g kg^-1; 菜地土壤在0～40 cm土层中SOC含量较高,变化范围为6.42～9.67 g kg^-1;大豆地、中、低投入玉米地土壤在0～100 cm土层中SOC含量较低,变化范围分别为3.27～7.73 g kg^-1、3.14～8.33 g kg^-1和1.83～7.67 g kg^-1. （3） 不同农业土地利用方式对SOC密度影响的趋势与对SOC含量影响的趋势基本一致,在0～100 cm土壤中,SOC密度的顺序为果园＞菜地＞高投入玉米地＞中投入玉米地＞大豆地＞低投入玉米地,变化范围为4.15～8.22 kg m^-2.
