Far from being mere rhetoric or abstract theory,Chinese-style modernisation is a concrete reality best grasped through direct experience.Before arriving in China,my knowledge of Chinese modernisation was based mainly ...Far from being mere rhetoric or abstract theory,Chinese-style modernisation is a concrete reality best grasped through direct experience.Before arriving in China,my knowledge of Chinese modernisation was based mainly on reading,classroom education,and accounts from colleagues who had already travelled around the country.展开更多
Active inflammation in“inactive”progressive multiple sclerosis:Traditionally,the distinction between relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis and progressive multiple sclerosis(PMS)has been framed as an inflammatory v...Active inflammation in“inactive”progressive multiple sclerosis:Traditionally,the distinction between relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis and progressive multiple sclerosis(PMS)has been framed as an inflammatory versus degenerative dichotomy.This was based on a broad misconception regarding essentially all neurodegenerative conditions,depicting the degenerative process as passive and immune-independent occurring as a late byproduct of active inflammation in the central nervous system(CNS),which is(solely)systemically driven.展开更多
On July 11,2025,the global intellectual property(IP)spotlight fell on Geneva,Switzerland.At the 2025 World Intellectual Property Organization(WIPO)Global Awards,Chinese robotics firm Unitree Robotics was named one of ...On July 11,2025,the global intellectual property(IP)spotlight fell on Geneva,Switzerland.At the 2025 World Intellectual Property Organization(WIPO)Global Awards,Chinese robotics firm Unitree Robotics was named one of 10 winners,selected from more than 780 small and medium-sized enterprises(SMEs)and startups across 95 countries and regions.Since the awards were launched in 2022.Chinese companies have won prizes for four consecutive years.展开更多
BACKGROUND Data comparing the outcomes of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)ablation by multibipolar radiofrequency ablation(mbp-RFA)and microwave ablation(MWA)are lacking.This study compares safety and efficacy of the two...BACKGROUND Data comparing the outcomes of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)ablation by multibipolar radiofrequency ablation(mbp-RFA)and microwave ablation(MWA)are lacking.This study compares safety and efficacy of the two techniques in treatment-naive HCC.AIM To compare the risk of local tumor progression(LTP)according to the technique;secondary endpoints included technique efficacy rate at one-month,overall survival and major complication rate.METHODS A bi-institutional retrospective analysis of patients undergoing treatment-naive HCC ablation by either technique was performed.Inverse probability of treatment weighting was used to compare the two groups.Mixed effects multivariate Cox regression was applied to identify risk factors for LTP.RESULTS A total of 362 patients(mean age,66.1±6.2 years,308 men)were included,of which 242(323 tumors)treated by mbp-RFA and 120(168 tumors)by MWA.After a median follow-up of 27 months,cumulative LTP was 11.4%after mbp-RFA and 25.2%after MWA.Independent risk factors for LTP at multivariate analysis were MWA(hazard ratio=2.85,P<0.001)and tumor size(hazard ratio=1.08,P<0.001).Two-year LTP-free survival was higher after mbp-RFA than MWA regardless of size(<3 cm:96%vs 87.1%,P<0.01;≥3 cm:87.5%vs 74%,P=0.04).Technique efficacy rate was higher after mbp-RFA(94.1%vs 87.5%,P=0.01).No difference was observed in major complication rate(9.5%vs 7.5%,P=0.59),nor 5-year overall survival(63.6%vs 58.3%,P=0.33).CONCLUSION Mbp-RFA leads to better local tumor control of treatment-naïve HCC than MWA regardless of tumor size and has better primary efficacy,while maintaining a comparable safety profile.展开更多
Colorectal cancer remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide.Despite notable advances in early detection and therapeutic strategies,the molecular mechanisms underlying tumor survival,chemot...Colorectal cancer remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide.Despite notable advances in early detection and therapeutic strategies,the molecular mechanisms underlying tumor survival,chemotherapy resistance,and metastasis are not yet fully understood.MicroRNAs(miRNAs)have emerged as pivotal regulators of cancer development,as they modulate gene expression and orchestrate key signaling pathways.However,the epigenetic mechanisms that control miRNA expression and their downstream gene targets remain largely unclear.In this review,we highlight the critical role of the colorectal cancer microenvironment in influencing miRNA expression and discuss how this regulation contributes to tumorigenesis.A better understanding of these processes may lead to the identification of novel therapeutic targets and strategies to prevent recurrence.展开更多
China’s“common prosperity”policy is a multidimensional pursuit of social and economic progress aimed at full realization by 2050.A CHIEVING common prosperity–prosperity that is universally shared–has been a longs...China’s“common prosperity”policy is a multidimensional pursuit of social and economic progress aimed at full realization by 2050.A CHIEVING common prosperity–prosperity that is universally shared–has been a longstanding aspiration of the Chinese government.展开更多
AIM:To build a functional generalized estimating equation(GEE)model to detect glaucomatous visual field progression and compare the performance of the proposed method with that of commonly employed algorithms.METHODS:...AIM:To build a functional generalized estimating equation(GEE)model to detect glaucomatous visual field progression and compare the performance of the proposed method with that of commonly employed algorithms.METHODS:Totally 716 eyes of 716 patients with primary open angle glaucoma(POAG)with at least 5 reliable 24-2 test results and 2y of follow-up were selected.The functional GEE model was used to detect perimetric progression in the training dataset(501 eyes).In the testing dataset(215 eyes),progression was evaluated the functional GEE model,mean deviation(MD)and visual field index(VFI)rates of change,Advanced Glaucoma Intervention Study(AGIS)and Collaborative Initial Glaucoma Treatment Study(CIGTS)scores,and pointwise linear regression(PLR).RESULTS:The proposed method showed the highest proportion of eyes detected as progression(54.4%),followed by the VFI rate(34.4%),PLR(23.3%),and MD rate(21.4%).The CIGTS and AGIS scores had a lower proportion of eyes detected as progression(7.9%and 5.1%,respectively).The time to detection of progression was significantly shorter for the proposed method than that of other algorithms(adjusted P≤0.019).The VFI rate displayed moderate pairwise agreement with the proposed method(k=0.47).CONCLUSION:The functional GEE model shows the highest proportion of eyes detected as perimetric progression and the shortest time to detect perimetric progression in patients with POAG.展开更多
The aging process is an inexorable fact throughout our lives and is considered a major factor in develo ping neurological dysfunctions associated with cognitive,emotional,and motor impairments.Aging-associated neurode...The aging process is an inexorable fact throughout our lives and is considered a major factor in develo ping neurological dysfunctions associated with cognitive,emotional,and motor impairments.Aging-associated neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by the progressive loss of neuronal structure and function.展开更多
With the gradual advancement of research methods and technologies,various biological processes have been identified as playing roles in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases.However,current descriptions of th...With the gradual advancement of research methods and technologies,various biological processes have been identified as playing roles in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases.However,current descriptions of these biological processes do not fully explain the onset,progression,and development of these conditions.Therefore,exploration of the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases remains a valuable area of research.This review summarizes the potential common pathogeneses of Alzheimer’s disease,Parkinson’s disease,amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,Huntington’s disease,frontotemporal lobar dementia,and Lewy body disease.Research findings have indicated that several common biological processes,including aging,genetic factors,progressive neuronal dysfunction,neuronal death and apoptosis,protein misfolding and aggregation,neuroinflammation,mitochondrial dysfunction,axonal transport defects,and gut microbiota dysbiosis,are involved in the pathogenesis of these six neurodegenerative diseases.Based on current information derived from diverse areas of research,these biological processes may form complex pathogenic networks that lead to distinctive types of neuronal death in neurodegenerative diseases.Furthermore,promoting the regeneration of damaged neurons may be achievable through the repair of affected neural cells if the underlying pathogenesis can be prevented or reversed.Hence,these potential common biological processes may represent only very small,limited elements within numerous intricate pathogenic networks associated with neurodegenerative diseases.In clinical treatment,interfering with any single biological process has proven insufficient to completely halt the progression of neurodegenerative diseases.Therefore,future research on the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases should focus on uncovering the complex pathogenic networks,rather than isolating individual biological processes.Based on this,therapies that aim to block or reverse various targets involved in the potential pathogenic mechanisms of neurodegenerative diseases may be promising directions,as current treatment methods that focus on halting a single pathogenic factor have not achieved satisfactory efficacy.展开更多
Spinal muscular atrophy is a devastating motor neuron disease characterized by severe cases of fatal muscle weakness.It is one of the most common genetic causes of mortality among infants aged less than 2 years.Biomar...Spinal muscular atrophy is a devastating motor neuron disease characterized by severe cases of fatal muscle weakness.It is one of the most common genetic causes of mortality among infants aged less than 2 years.Biomarker research is currently receiving more attention,and new candidate biomarkers are constantly being discovered.This review initially discusses the evaluation methods commonly used in clinical practice while briefly outlining their respective pros and cons.We also describe recent advancements in research and the clinical significance of molecular biomarkers for spinal muscular atrophy,which are classified as either specific or non-specific biomarkers.This review provides new insights into the pathogenesis of spinal muscular atrophy,the mechanism of biomarkers in response to drug-modified therapies,the selection of biomarker candidates,and would promote the development of future research.Furthermore,the successful utilization of biomarkers may facilitate the implementation of gene-targeting treatments for patients with spinal muscular atrophy.展开更多
The microstructural evolution of a cold-rolled and intercritical annealed medium-Mn steel(Fe-0.10C-5Mn)was investigated during uniaxial tensile testing.In-situ observations under scanning electron microscopy,transmiss...The microstructural evolution of a cold-rolled and intercritical annealed medium-Mn steel(Fe-0.10C-5Mn)was investigated during uniaxial tensile testing.In-situ observations under scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron microscopy,and X-ray diffraction analysis were conducted to characterize the progressive transformation-induced plasticity process and associated fracture initiation mechanisms.These findings were discussed with the local strain measurements via digital image correlation.The results indicated that Lüders band formation in the steel was limited to 1.5%strain,which was mainly due to the early-stage martensitic phase transformation of a very small amount of the less stable large-sized retained austenite(RA),which led to localized stress concentrations and strain hardening and further retardation of yielding.The small-sized RA exhibited high stability and progressively transformed into martensite and contributed to a stably extended Portevin-Le Chatelier effect.The volume fraction of RA gradually decreased from 26.8%to 8.2%prior to fracture.In the late deformation stage,fracture initiation primarily occurred at the austenite/martensite and ferrite/martensite interfaces and the ferrite phase.展开更多
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide,especially in East Asia.AIM To explore the clinical outcomes and progression-related factors of low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia(LGIN)in the gas...BACKGROUND Gastric cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide,especially in East Asia.AIM To explore the clinical outcomes and progression-related factors of low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia(LGIN)in the gastric mucosa and provide valuable guidance for improving treatment efficacy.METHODS A total of 357 patients diagnosed with LGIN based on initial pathological examination in Anhui Provincial Hospital or three other medical consortium units between January 2022 and June 2024 were included.Among them,296 patients were followed up with endoscopic and biopsy pathology.Logistic regression was utilized to analyze the relevant risk factors for LGIN progression in the gastric mucosa.RESULTS The distribution sites of LGIN among the 357 patients were as follows:Gastric antrum(54.6%),gastric cardia(24.1%),gastric angulus(8.7%),gastric body(4.8%),gastric fundus(4.8%),and multiple sites(3.1%).Additionally,of the 357 patients with LGIN,112(31.4%)developed ulceration and 59(16.5%)experienced gastric polyps.Furthermore,231 of the 357(64.71%)patients with LGIN tested positive for Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection.The H.pylori infection rates of the patients with LGIN with accompanying atrophy,intestinal metaplasia,and gastric ulcer were 51.95%,59.31%,and 28.57%,respectively.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age≥60 years[odds ratio(OR)=3.063,95%confidence interval(CI):1.351-6.945,P=0.007],H.pylori infection(OR=3.560,95%CI:1.158-10.949,P=0.027),multiple locations(OR=10.136,95%CI:2.045-50.237,P=0.005),lesion size≥2 cm(OR=3.921,95%CI:1.664-9.237,P=0.002),and gastric ulcer(OR=2.730,95%CI:1.197-6.223,P=0.017)were predictive factors for LGIN progression.CONCLUSION LGIN progression is closely related to age,H.pylori positivity,multiple locations,lesion size≥2 cm,and gastric ulcer.Thus,actively identifying these risk factors in patients with LGIN may have certain clinical significance in preventing further tumor progression.展开更多
Liver transplantation,as an effective therapy for patients with liver cancer,plays an important role in improving the quality of life of patients.However,the com-plexity and trauma of liver transplantation can easily ...Liver transplantation,as an effective therapy for patients with liver cancer,plays an important role in improving the quality of life of patients.However,the com-plexity and trauma of liver transplantation can easily lead to the occurrence of malnutrition in patients,and then increase the risk of postoperative complica-tions,which has aroused widespread clinical attention.Reasonable nutritional support can not only maintain the stability of the body’s internal environment,reduce the occurrence of complications,but also promote the recovery of liver and other organ functions.In recent years,with the in-depth understanding of nut-ritional metabolism after liver transplantation,the application of enteral nutrition and parenteral nutrition in nutritional support after liver transplantation has been increasingly extensive and achieved remarkable results.This paper discusses the effect of early postoperative nutritional intervention on patients with liver cancer and liver transplantation,and combined with its mechanism of action,can better understand the effectiveness of intervention,and provide reference for the deve-lopment of scientific and reasonable nutritional support programs in clinical pra-ctice.展开更多
Retrogressive landslides in sensitive clays pose significant risks to nearby infrastructure,as natural toe erosion or localized disturbances can trigger progressive block failures.While prior studies have largely reli...Retrogressive landslides in sensitive clays pose significant risks to nearby infrastructure,as natural toe erosion or localized disturbances can trigger progressive block failures.While prior studies have largely relied on two-dimensional(2D)large-deformation analyses,such models overlook key three-dimensional(3D)failure mechanisms and variability effects.This study develops a 3D probabilistic framework by integrating the Coupled Eulerian–Lagrangian(CEL)method with random field theory to simulate retrogressive landslides in spatially variable clay.Using Monte Carlo simulations,we compare 2D and 3D random large-deformation models to evaluate failure modes,runout distances,sliding velocities,and influence zones.The 3D analyses captured more complex failure modes—such as lateral retrogression and asynchronous block mobilization across slope width.Additionally,the 3D analyses predict longer mean runout distances(13.76 vs.11.92 m),wider mean influence distance(11.35 vs.8.73 m),and higher mean sliding velocities(4.66 vs.3.94 m/s)than their 2D counterparts.Moreover,3D models exhibit lower coefficients of variation(e.g.,0.10 for runout distance)due to spatial averaging across slope width.Probabilistic hazard assessment shows that 2D models significantly underpredict near-field failure probabilities(e.g.,48.8%vs.89.9%at 12 m from the slope toe).These findings highlight the limitations of 2D analyses and the importance of multi-directional spatial variability for robust geohazard assessments.The proposed 3D framework enables more realistic prediction of landslide mobility and supports the design of safer,risk-informed infrastructure.展开更多
Lipocalin-2(LCN2)is a member of the lipocalin superfamily with multiple functions and can participate in the transport of a variety of small lipophilic ligands in vivo.LCN2 is significantly expressed in various tumors...Lipocalin-2(LCN2)is a member of the lipocalin superfamily with multiple functions and can participate in the transport of a variety of small lipophilic ligands in vivo.LCN2 is significantly expressed in various tumors and plays an important role in regulating tumor cell proliferation,invasion,and metastasis.The specific actions of LCN2 in tumors may vary depending on the particular type of cancer involved.In this review,we provide an extensive overview of the transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of LCN2 in health and disease.Furthermore,we summarize the impact of LCN2 dysregulation in a broad range of tumors.Lastly,we examine the mechanisms of action of LCN2 during tumorigenesis,progression,and metastasis.Understanding the complex relationships between LCN2 and tumor development,progression,and metastasis is vital for advancing our knowledge of cancer biology,developing biomarkers for diagnosis and clinical decision-making,and creating therapeutic strategies to improve the management of patients with cancer.展开更多
Surrounding rock deterioration and large deformation have always been a significant difficulty in designing and constructing tunnels in soft rock.The key lies in real-time perception and quantitative assessment of the...Surrounding rock deterioration and large deformation have always been a significant difficulty in designing and constructing tunnels in soft rock.The key lies in real-time perception and quantitative assessment of the damaged area around the tunnel.An in situ microseismic(MS)monitoring system is established in the plateau soft tock tunnel.This technique facilitates spatiotemporal monitoring of the rock mass's fracturing expansion and squeezing deformation,which agree well with field convergence deformation results.The formation mechanisms of progressive failure evolution of soft rock tunnels were discussed and analyzed with MS data and numerical results.The results demonstrate that:(1)Localized stress concentration and layered rock result in significant asymmetry in micro-fractures propagation in the tunnel radial section.As excavation continues,the fracture extension area extends into the deep surrounding rockmass on the east side affected by the weak bedding;(2)Tunnel excavation and long-term deformation can induce tensile shear action on the rock mass,vertical tension fractures(account for 45%)exist in deep rockmass,which play a crucial role in controlling the macroscopic failure of surrounding rock;and(3)Based on the radiated MS energy,a three-dimensional model was created to visualize the damage zone of the tunnel surrounding rock.The model depicted varying degrees of damage,and three high damage zones were identified.Generally,the depth of high damage zone ranged from 4 m to 12 m.This study may be a valuable reference for the warning and controlling of large deformations in similar projects.展开更多
“Last scene of all that ends this strange,eventful history,is second childishness and mere oblivion.I am sans teeth,sans eyes,sans taste,sans everything.”William Shakespeare‘As You Like It'Act 2,Sc.7,l.139Aging...“Last scene of all that ends this strange,eventful history,is second childishness and mere oblivion.I am sans teeth,sans eyes,sans taste,sans everything.”William Shakespeare‘As You Like It'Act 2,Sc.7,l.139Aging of the human brain is characterized by a progressive decline of its functional capacity;this decline however varies widely,and cognitive longevity differs substantially between individuals.展开更多
The progressive failure characteristics of geomaterial are a remarkable and challenging topic in geotechnical engineering.To study the effect of salt content and temperature on the progressive failure characteristics ...The progressive failure characteristics of geomaterial are a remarkable and challenging topic in geotechnical engineering.To study the effect of salt content and temperature on the progressive failure characteristics of frozen sodium sulfate saline sandy soil,a series of uniaxial compression tests were performed by integrating digital image correlation(DIC)technology into the testing apparatus.The evolution law of the uniaxial compression strength(UCS),the failure strain,and the formation of the shear band of the frozen sodium sulfate saline sandy soil were analyzed.The test results show that within the scope of this study,with the increase of salt content,both the UCS and the shear band angle initially decrease with increasing salt content before showing an increase.In contrast,the failure strain and the width of the shear band exhibit an initial increase followed by a decrease in the samples.In addition,to investigate the brittle failure characteristics of frozen sodium sulfate saline sandy soil,two classic brittleness evaluation methods were employed to quantitatively assess the brittleness level for the soil samples.The findings suggest that the failure characteristics under all test conditions in this study belong to the transition stage between brittle and ductile,indicating that frozen sodium sulfate saline sandy soil exhibits certain brittle behavior under uniaxial compression conditions,and the brittleness index basically decreases and then increases with the rise in salt content.展开更多
Anion exchange membrane(AEM),as a kind of key membrane materials,has shown great application potential in many electrochemical fields,and remarkable progress has been made in related research in recent years.In this p...Anion exchange membrane(AEM),as a kind of key membrane materials,has shown great application potential in many electrochemical fields,and remarkable progress has been made in related research in recent years.In this paper,the research status of AEM is reviewed,including its material design,preparation method,performance optimization and application in the fields of hydrogen production by electrolytic water,fuel cell and water treatment.In terms of material design,new polymer skeleton structures are emerging to regulate the stability of ion conduction channels and membranes by introducing specific functional groups or changing the molecular chain structure.The preparation methods have been gradually expanded from the traditional solution casting method to more advanced technologies,such as interfacial polymerization and electrostatic spinning,which effectively improve the microstructure and property uniformity of the film.Performance optimization focuses on improving ion conductivity,reducing membrane swelling rate and enhancing chemical stability,and a variety of modification strategies are developed and applied.Despite the achievements made so far,there are still some challenges,such as the lack of long-term stability in highly alkaline environments.Future research needs to further explore new material systems and preparation processes in order to promote the wide application and sustainable development of AEM technology in energy,environmental protection and other fields.展开更多
Background:Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is the most common cause of cancer-related death in Saudi Arabia.Our study aimed to investigate the patterns of HCC and the effect of TNM staging,Alfa-fetoprotein(AFP),and Child...Background:Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is the most common cause of cancer-related death in Saudi Arabia.Our study aimed to investigate the patterns of HCC and the effect of TNM staging,Alfa-fetoprotein(AFP),and Child-Turcotte Pugh(CTP)on patients’overall survival(OS).Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 43 HCC patients at a single oncology center in Saudi Arabia from 2015 to 2020.All patients had to fulfill one of the following criteria:(a)a liver lesion reported as definitive HCC on dynamic imaging and/or(b)a biopsy-confirmed diagnosis.Results:The mean patient age of all HCC cases was 66.8 with a male-to-female ratio of 3.3:1.All patients were stratified into two groups:viral HCC(n=22,51%)and non-viral HCC(n=21,49%).Among viral-HCC patients,55%were due to HBV and 45%due to HCV.Cirrhosis was diagnosed in 79%of cases.Age and sex did not significantly statistically differ in OS among viral and non-viral HCC patients(p-value>0.05).About 65%of patients had tumor size>5 cm during the diagnosis,with a significant statistical difference in OS(p-value=0.027).AFP was>400 ng/ml in 45%of the patients.There was a statistically significant difference in the OS in terms of AFP levels(p-value=0.021).A statistically significant difference was also observed between the CTP score and OS(p-value=0.02).CTP class B had the longest survival.BSC was the most common treatment provided to HCC patients followed by sorafenib therapy.There was a significant statistical difference in OS among viral and non-viral HCC patients(p-value=0.008).Conclusions:The most common predictors for OS were the underlying cause of HCC,AFP,and tumor size.Being having non-viral etiology,a tumor size>5 cm,an AFP>400 ng/mL,and a CTP score class C were all negatively associated with OS.展开更多
文摘Far from being mere rhetoric or abstract theory,Chinese-style modernisation is a concrete reality best grasped through direct experience.Before arriving in China,my knowledge of Chinese modernisation was based mainly on reading,classroom education,and accounts from colleagues who had already travelled around the country.
文摘Active inflammation in“inactive”progressive multiple sclerosis:Traditionally,the distinction between relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis and progressive multiple sclerosis(PMS)has been framed as an inflammatory versus degenerative dichotomy.This was based on a broad misconception regarding essentially all neurodegenerative conditions,depicting the degenerative process as passive and immune-independent occurring as a late byproduct of active inflammation in the central nervous system(CNS),which is(solely)systemically driven.
文摘On July 11,2025,the global intellectual property(IP)spotlight fell on Geneva,Switzerland.At the 2025 World Intellectual Property Organization(WIPO)Global Awards,Chinese robotics firm Unitree Robotics was named one of 10 winners,selected from more than 780 small and medium-sized enterprises(SMEs)and startups across 95 countries and regions.Since the awards were launched in 2022.Chinese companies have won prizes for four consecutive years.
文摘BACKGROUND Data comparing the outcomes of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)ablation by multibipolar radiofrequency ablation(mbp-RFA)and microwave ablation(MWA)are lacking.This study compares safety and efficacy of the two techniques in treatment-naive HCC.AIM To compare the risk of local tumor progression(LTP)according to the technique;secondary endpoints included technique efficacy rate at one-month,overall survival and major complication rate.METHODS A bi-institutional retrospective analysis of patients undergoing treatment-naive HCC ablation by either technique was performed.Inverse probability of treatment weighting was used to compare the two groups.Mixed effects multivariate Cox regression was applied to identify risk factors for LTP.RESULTS A total of 362 patients(mean age,66.1±6.2 years,308 men)were included,of which 242(323 tumors)treated by mbp-RFA and 120(168 tumors)by MWA.After a median follow-up of 27 months,cumulative LTP was 11.4%after mbp-RFA and 25.2%after MWA.Independent risk factors for LTP at multivariate analysis were MWA(hazard ratio=2.85,P<0.001)and tumor size(hazard ratio=1.08,P<0.001).Two-year LTP-free survival was higher after mbp-RFA than MWA regardless of size(<3 cm:96%vs 87.1%,P<0.01;≥3 cm:87.5%vs 74%,P=0.04).Technique efficacy rate was higher after mbp-RFA(94.1%vs 87.5%,P=0.01).No difference was observed in major complication rate(9.5%vs 7.5%,P=0.59),nor 5-year overall survival(63.6%vs 58.3%,P=0.33).CONCLUSION Mbp-RFA leads to better local tumor control of treatment-naïve HCC than MWA regardless of tumor size and has better primary efficacy,while maintaining a comparable safety profile.
文摘Colorectal cancer remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide.Despite notable advances in early detection and therapeutic strategies,the molecular mechanisms underlying tumor survival,chemotherapy resistance,and metastasis are not yet fully understood.MicroRNAs(miRNAs)have emerged as pivotal regulators of cancer development,as they modulate gene expression and orchestrate key signaling pathways.However,the epigenetic mechanisms that control miRNA expression and their downstream gene targets remain largely unclear.In this review,we highlight the critical role of the colorectal cancer microenvironment in influencing miRNA expression and discuss how this regulation contributes to tumorigenesis.A better understanding of these processes may lead to the identification of novel therapeutic targets and strategies to prevent recurrence.
文摘China’s“common prosperity”policy is a multidimensional pursuit of social and economic progress aimed at full realization by 2050.A CHIEVING common prosperity–prosperity that is universally shared–has been a longstanding aspiration of the Chinese government.
基金Supported by the Korea Health Technology R&D Project through the Korea Health Industry Development Institute(KHIDI),funded by the Ministry of Health&Welfare,Republic of Korea(No.HR20C0026)the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)(No.RS-2023-00247504)the Patient-Centered Clinical Research Coordinating Center,funded by the Ministry of Health&Welfare,Republic of Korea(No.HC19C0276).
文摘AIM:To build a functional generalized estimating equation(GEE)model to detect glaucomatous visual field progression and compare the performance of the proposed method with that of commonly employed algorithms.METHODS:Totally 716 eyes of 716 patients with primary open angle glaucoma(POAG)with at least 5 reliable 24-2 test results and 2y of follow-up were selected.The functional GEE model was used to detect perimetric progression in the training dataset(501 eyes).In the testing dataset(215 eyes),progression was evaluated the functional GEE model,mean deviation(MD)and visual field index(VFI)rates of change,Advanced Glaucoma Intervention Study(AGIS)and Collaborative Initial Glaucoma Treatment Study(CIGTS)scores,and pointwise linear regression(PLR).RESULTS:The proposed method showed the highest proportion of eyes detected as progression(54.4%),followed by the VFI rate(34.4%),PLR(23.3%),and MD rate(21.4%).The CIGTS and AGIS scores had a lower proportion of eyes detected as progression(7.9%and 5.1%,respectively).The time to detection of progression was significantly shorter for the proposed method than that of other algorithms(adjusted P≤0.019).The VFI rate displayed moderate pairwise agreement with the proposed method(k=0.47).CONCLUSION:The functional GEE model shows the highest proportion of eyes detected as perimetric progression and the shortest time to detect perimetric progression in patients with POAG.
文摘The aging process is an inexorable fact throughout our lives and is considered a major factor in develo ping neurological dysfunctions associated with cognitive,emotional,and motor impairments.Aging-associated neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by the progressive loss of neuronal structure and function.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82160255(to RX)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province,No.20212BAB216026(to HL)+2 种基金Science and Technology Plan Project of Health Commission of Jiangxi Province,No.202110016(to HL)Science and Technology Plan Project of Jiangxi Provincial Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine,No.2022B975(to HL)a grant from Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Neurology,No.2024SSY06081(to RX).
文摘With the gradual advancement of research methods and technologies,various biological processes have been identified as playing roles in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases.However,current descriptions of these biological processes do not fully explain the onset,progression,and development of these conditions.Therefore,exploration of the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases remains a valuable area of research.This review summarizes the potential common pathogeneses of Alzheimer’s disease,Parkinson’s disease,amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,Huntington’s disease,frontotemporal lobar dementia,and Lewy body disease.Research findings have indicated that several common biological processes,including aging,genetic factors,progressive neuronal dysfunction,neuronal death and apoptosis,protein misfolding and aggregation,neuroinflammation,mitochondrial dysfunction,axonal transport defects,and gut microbiota dysbiosis,are involved in the pathogenesis of these six neurodegenerative diseases.Based on current information derived from diverse areas of research,these biological processes may form complex pathogenic networks that lead to distinctive types of neuronal death in neurodegenerative diseases.Furthermore,promoting the regeneration of damaged neurons may be achievable through the repair of affected neural cells if the underlying pathogenesis can be prevented or reversed.Hence,these potential common biological processes may represent only very small,limited elements within numerous intricate pathogenic networks associated with neurodegenerative diseases.In clinical treatment,interfering with any single biological process has proven insufficient to completely halt the progression of neurodegenerative diseases.Therefore,future research on the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases should focus on uncovering the complex pathogenic networks,rather than isolating individual biological processes.Based on this,therapies that aim to block or reverse various targets involved in the potential pathogenic mechanisms of neurodegenerative diseases may be promising directions,as current treatment methods that focus on halting a single pathogenic factor have not achieved satisfactory efficacy.
基金supported by the Collaborative Innovation Center for Clinical and Translational Science by Chinese Ministry of Education&Shanghai,No.CCTS-2022205the“Double World-Class Project”of Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine(both to JZ)。
文摘Spinal muscular atrophy is a devastating motor neuron disease characterized by severe cases of fatal muscle weakness.It is one of the most common genetic causes of mortality among infants aged less than 2 years.Biomarker research is currently receiving more attention,and new candidate biomarkers are constantly being discovered.This review initially discusses the evaluation methods commonly used in clinical practice while briefly outlining their respective pros and cons.We also describe recent advancements in research and the clinical significance of molecular biomarkers for spinal muscular atrophy,which are classified as either specific or non-specific biomarkers.This review provides new insights into the pathogenesis of spinal muscular atrophy,the mechanism of biomarkers in response to drug-modified therapies,the selection of biomarker candidates,and would promote the development of future research.Furthermore,the successful utilization of biomarkers may facilitate the implementation of gene-targeting treatments for patients with spinal muscular atrophy.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2017YFB0304402)。
文摘The microstructural evolution of a cold-rolled and intercritical annealed medium-Mn steel(Fe-0.10C-5Mn)was investigated during uniaxial tensile testing.In-situ observations under scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron microscopy,and X-ray diffraction analysis were conducted to characterize the progressive transformation-induced plasticity process and associated fracture initiation mechanisms.These findings were discussed with the local strain measurements via digital image correlation.The results indicated that Lüders band formation in the steel was limited to 1.5%strain,which was mainly due to the early-stage martensitic phase transformation of a very small amount of the less stable large-sized retained austenite(RA),which led to localized stress concentrations and strain hardening and further retardation of yielding.The small-sized RA exhibited high stability and progressively transformed into martensite and contributed to a stably extended Portevin-Le Chatelier effect.The volume fraction of RA gradually decreased from 26.8%to 8.2%prior to fracture.In the late deformation stage,fracture initiation primarily occurred at the austenite/martensite and ferrite/martensite interfaces and the ferrite phase.
基金the Research Project of the Chinese Digestive Early Cancer Physicians’Joint Growth Program,No.GTCZ-2021-AH-34-0012.
文摘BACKGROUND Gastric cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide,especially in East Asia.AIM To explore the clinical outcomes and progression-related factors of low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia(LGIN)in the gastric mucosa and provide valuable guidance for improving treatment efficacy.METHODS A total of 357 patients diagnosed with LGIN based on initial pathological examination in Anhui Provincial Hospital or three other medical consortium units between January 2022 and June 2024 were included.Among them,296 patients were followed up with endoscopic and biopsy pathology.Logistic regression was utilized to analyze the relevant risk factors for LGIN progression in the gastric mucosa.RESULTS The distribution sites of LGIN among the 357 patients were as follows:Gastric antrum(54.6%),gastric cardia(24.1%),gastric angulus(8.7%),gastric body(4.8%),gastric fundus(4.8%),and multiple sites(3.1%).Additionally,of the 357 patients with LGIN,112(31.4%)developed ulceration and 59(16.5%)experienced gastric polyps.Furthermore,231 of the 357(64.71%)patients with LGIN tested positive for Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection.The H.pylori infection rates of the patients with LGIN with accompanying atrophy,intestinal metaplasia,and gastric ulcer were 51.95%,59.31%,and 28.57%,respectively.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age≥60 years[odds ratio(OR)=3.063,95%confidence interval(CI):1.351-6.945,P=0.007],H.pylori infection(OR=3.560,95%CI:1.158-10.949,P=0.027),multiple locations(OR=10.136,95%CI:2.045-50.237,P=0.005),lesion size≥2 cm(OR=3.921,95%CI:1.664-9.237,P=0.002),and gastric ulcer(OR=2.730,95%CI:1.197-6.223,P=0.017)were predictive factors for LGIN progression.CONCLUSION LGIN progression is closely related to age,H.pylori positivity,multiple locations,lesion size≥2 cm,and gastric ulcer.Thus,actively identifying these risk factors in patients with LGIN may have certain clinical significance in preventing further tumor progression.
文摘Liver transplantation,as an effective therapy for patients with liver cancer,plays an important role in improving the quality of life of patients.However,the com-plexity and trauma of liver transplantation can easily lead to the occurrence of malnutrition in patients,and then increase the risk of postoperative complica-tions,which has aroused widespread clinical attention.Reasonable nutritional support can not only maintain the stability of the body’s internal environment,reduce the occurrence of complications,but also promote the recovery of liver and other organ functions.In recent years,with the in-depth understanding of nut-ritional metabolism after liver transplantation,the application of enteral nutrition and parenteral nutrition in nutritional support after liver transplantation has been increasingly extensive and achieved remarkable results.This paper discusses the effect of early postoperative nutritional intervention on patients with liver cancer and liver transplantation,and combined with its mechanism of action,can better understand the effectiveness of intervention,and provide reference for the deve-lopment of scientific and reasonable nutritional support programs in clinical pra-ctice.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2024YFC2815400)the European Commission(Nos.HORIZON MSCA-2024-PF-01 and 101200637)+2 种基金the Opening Fund of the State Key Laboratory of Water Resources Engineering and Management at Wuhan University(No.2024SGG07)the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation(No.ZR2025MS647)the Sand Hazards and Opportunities for Resilience,Energy,and Sustainability(SHORES)Center,funded by Tamkeen under the NYUAD Research Institute Award CG013.
文摘Retrogressive landslides in sensitive clays pose significant risks to nearby infrastructure,as natural toe erosion or localized disturbances can trigger progressive block failures.While prior studies have largely relied on two-dimensional(2D)large-deformation analyses,such models overlook key three-dimensional(3D)failure mechanisms and variability effects.This study develops a 3D probabilistic framework by integrating the Coupled Eulerian–Lagrangian(CEL)method with random field theory to simulate retrogressive landslides in spatially variable clay.Using Monte Carlo simulations,we compare 2D and 3D random large-deformation models to evaluate failure modes,runout distances,sliding velocities,and influence zones.The 3D analyses captured more complex failure modes—such as lateral retrogression and asynchronous block mobilization across slope width.Additionally,the 3D analyses predict longer mean runout distances(13.76 vs.11.92 m),wider mean influence distance(11.35 vs.8.73 m),and higher mean sliding velocities(4.66 vs.3.94 m/s)than their 2D counterparts.Moreover,3D models exhibit lower coefficients of variation(e.g.,0.10 for runout distance)due to spatial averaging across slope width.Probabilistic hazard assessment shows that 2D models significantly underpredict near-field failure probabilities(e.g.,48.8%vs.89.9%at 12 m from the slope toe).These findings highlight the limitations of 2D analyses and the importance of multi-directional spatial variability for robust geohazard assessments.The proposed 3D framework enables more realistic prediction of landslide mobility and supports the design of safer,risk-informed infrastructure.
基金supported by the Program for Science Technology and Innovation Committee of Shenzhen(2021N062-JCYJ20210324115408023)Guangdong High-Level Hospital Construction Fund,Shenzhen High-Level Hospital Construction Fund。
文摘Lipocalin-2(LCN2)is a member of the lipocalin superfamily with multiple functions and can participate in the transport of a variety of small lipophilic ligands in vivo.LCN2 is significantly expressed in various tumors and plays an important role in regulating tumor cell proliferation,invasion,and metastasis.The specific actions of LCN2 in tumors may vary depending on the particular type of cancer involved.In this review,we provide an extensive overview of the transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of LCN2 in health and disease.Furthermore,we summarize the impact of LCN2 dysregulation in a broad range of tumors.Lastly,we examine the mechanisms of action of LCN2 during tumorigenesis,progression,and metastasis.Understanding the complex relationships between LCN2 and tumor development,progression,and metastasis is vital for advancing our knowledge of cancer biology,developing biomarkers for diagnosis and clinical decision-making,and creating therapeutic strategies to improve the management of patients with cancer.
基金the funding support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.U23A2060,42177143 and 42277461).
文摘Surrounding rock deterioration and large deformation have always been a significant difficulty in designing and constructing tunnels in soft rock.The key lies in real-time perception and quantitative assessment of the damaged area around the tunnel.An in situ microseismic(MS)monitoring system is established in the plateau soft tock tunnel.This technique facilitates spatiotemporal monitoring of the rock mass's fracturing expansion and squeezing deformation,which agree well with field convergence deformation results.The formation mechanisms of progressive failure evolution of soft rock tunnels were discussed and analyzed with MS data and numerical results.The results demonstrate that:(1)Localized stress concentration and layered rock result in significant asymmetry in micro-fractures propagation in the tunnel radial section.As excavation continues,the fracture extension area extends into the deep surrounding rockmass on the east side affected by the weak bedding;(2)Tunnel excavation and long-term deformation can induce tensile shear action on the rock mass,vertical tension fractures(account for 45%)exist in deep rockmass,which play a crucial role in controlling the macroscopic failure of surrounding rock;and(3)Based on the radiated MS energy,a three-dimensional model was created to visualize the damage zone of the tunnel surrounding rock.The model depicted varying degrees of damage,and three high damage zones were identified.Generally,the depth of high damage zone ranged from 4 m to 12 m.This study may be a valuable reference for the warning and controlling of large deformations in similar projects.
文摘“Last scene of all that ends this strange,eventful history,is second childishness and mere oblivion.I am sans teeth,sans eyes,sans taste,sans everything.”William Shakespeare‘As You Like It'Act 2,Sc.7,l.139Aging of the human brain is characterized by a progressive decline of its functional capacity;this decline however varies widely,and cognitive longevity differs substantially between individuals.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42372312,and 42172299)the Pyramid Talent Training Project of Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture(Grant No.JDYC20220807).
文摘The progressive failure characteristics of geomaterial are a remarkable and challenging topic in geotechnical engineering.To study the effect of salt content and temperature on the progressive failure characteristics of frozen sodium sulfate saline sandy soil,a series of uniaxial compression tests were performed by integrating digital image correlation(DIC)technology into the testing apparatus.The evolution law of the uniaxial compression strength(UCS),the failure strain,and the formation of the shear band of the frozen sodium sulfate saline sandy soil were analyzed.The test results show that within the scope of this study,with the increase of salt content,both the UCS and the shear band angle initially decrease with increasing salt content before showing an increase.In contrast,the failure strain and the width of the shear band exhibit an initial increase followed by a decrease in the samples.In addition,to investigate the brittle failure characteristics of frozen sodium sulfate saline sandy soil,two classic brittleness evaluation methods were employed to quantitatively assess the brittleness level for the soil samples.The findings suggest that the failure characteristics under all test conditions in this study belong to the transition stage between brittle and ductile,indicating that frozen sodium sulfate saline sandy soil exhibits certain brittle behavior under uniaxial compression conditions,and the brittleness index basically decreases and then increases with the rise in salt content.
基金“Grassland Talents”of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,Young Talents of Science and Technology in Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(NJYT23030)Technology Breakthrough Engineering Hydrogen Energy Field“Unveiling and Leading”Project(2024KJTW0018)+3 种基金“Steed Plan High Level Talents”of Inner Mongolia University,Carbon neutralization research project(STZX202218)National Natural Science Foundation of China(U22A20107),Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Natural Science Foundation(2023MS02002)Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials and Technologies for Energy Conversion(MATEC2024KF011)National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFA1205201).
文摘Anion exchange membrane(AEM),as a kind of key membrane materials,has shown great application potential in many electrochemical fields,and remarkable progress has been made in related research in recent years.In this paper,the research status of AEM is reviewed,including its material design,preparation method,performance optimization and application in the fields of hydrogen production by electrolytic water,fuel cell and water treatment.In terms of material design,new polymer skeleton structures are emerging to regulate the stability of ion conduction channels and membranes by introducing specific functional groups or changing the molecular chain structure.The preparation methods have been gradually expanded from the traditional solution casting method to more advanced technologies,such as interfacial polymerization and electrostatic spinning,which effectively improve the microstructure and property uniformity of the film.Performance optimization focuses on improving ion conductivity,reducing membrane swelling rate and enhancing chemical stability,and a variety of modification strategies are developed and applied.Despite the achievements made so far,there are still some challenges,such as the lack of long-term stability in highly alkaline environments.Future research needs to further explore new material systems and preparation processes in order to promote the wide application and sustainable development of AEM technology in energy,environmental protection and other fields.
文摘Background:Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is the most common cause of cancer-related death in Saudi Arabia.Our study aimed to investigate the patterns of HCC and the effect of TNM staging,Alfa-fetoprotein(AFP),and Child-Turcotte Pugh(CTP)on patients’overall survival(OS).Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 43 HCC patients at a single oncology center in Saudi Arabia from 2015 to 2020.All patients had to fulfill one of the following criteria:(a)a liver lesion reported as definitive HCC on dynamic imaging and/or(b)a biopsy-confirmed diagnosis.Results:The mean patient age of all HCC cases was 66.8 with a male-to-female ratio of 3.3:1.All patients were stratified into two groups:viral HCC(n=22,51%)and non-viral HCC(n=21,49%).Among viral-HCC patients,55%were due to HBV and 45%due to HCV.Cirrhosis was diagnosed in 79%of cases.Age and sex did not significantly statistically differ in OS among viral and non-viral HCC patients(p-value>0.05).About 65%of patients had tumor size>5 cm during the diagnosis,with a significant statistical difference in OS(p-value=0.027).AFP was>400 ng/ml in 45%of the patients.There was a statistically significant difference in the OS in terms of AFP levels(p-value=0.021).A statistically significant difference was also observed between the CTP score and OS(p-value=0.02).CTP class B had the longest survival.BSC was the most common treatment provided to HCC patients followed by sorafenib therapy.There was a significant statistical difference in OS among viral and non-viral HCC patients(p-value=0.008).Conclusions:The most common predictors for OS were the underlying cause of HCC,AFP,and tumor size.Being having non-viral etiology,a tumor size>5 cm,an AFP>400 ng/mL,and a CTP score class C were all negatively associated with OS.
