Colorectal cancer remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide.Despite notable advances in early detection and therapeutic strategies,the molecular mechanisms underlying tumor survival,chemot...Colorectal cancer remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide.Despite notable advances in early detection and therapeutic strategies,the molecular mechanisms underlying tumor survival,chemotherapy resistance,and metastasis are not yet fully understood.MicroRNAs(miRNAs)have emerged as pivotal regulators of cancer development,as they modulate gene expression and orchestrate key signaling pathways.However,the epigenetic mechanisms that control miRNA expression and their downstream gene targets remain largely unclear.In this review,we highlight the critical role of the colorectal cancer microenvironment in influencing miRNA expression and discuss how this regulation contributes to tumorigenesis.A better understanding of these processes may lead to the identification of novel therapeutic targets and strategies to prevent recurrence.展开更多
AIM:To build a functional generalized estimating equation(GEE)model to detect glaucomatous visual field progression and compare the performance of the proposed method with that of commonly employed algorithms.METHODS:...AIM:To build a functional generalized estimating equation(GEE)model to detect glaucomatous visual field progression and compare the performance of the proposed method with that of commonly employed algorithms.METHODS:Totally 716 eyes of 716 patients with primary open angle glaucoma(POAG)with at least 5 reliable 24-2 test results and 2y of follow-up were selected.The functional GEE model was used to detect perimetric progression in the training dataset(501 eyes).In the testing dataset(215 eyes),progression was evaluated the functional GEE model,mean deviation(MD)and visual field index(VFI)rates of change,Advanced Glaucoma Intervention Study(AGIS)and Collaborative Initial Glaucoma Treatment Study(CIGTS)scores,and pointwise linear regression(PLR).RESULTS:The proposed method showed the highest proportion of eyes detected as progression(54.4%),followed by the VFI rate(34.4%),PLR(23.3%),and MD rate(21.4%).The CIGTS and AGIS scores had a lower proportion of eyes detected as progression(7.9%and 5.1%,respectively).The time to detection of progression was significantly shorter for the proposed method than that of other algorithms(adjusted P≤0.019).The VFI rate displayed moderate pairwise agreement with the proposed method(k=0.47).CONCLUSION:The functional GEE model shows the highest proportion of eyes detected as perimetric progression and the shortest time to detect perimetric progression in patients with POAG.展开更多
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide,especially in East Asia.AIM To explore the clinical outcomes and progression-related factors of low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia(LGIN)in the gas...BACKGROUND Gastric cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide,especially in East Asia.AIM To explore the clinical outcomes and progression-related factors of low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia(LGIN)in the gastric mucosa and provide valuable guidance for improving treatment efficacy.METHODS A total of 357 patients diagnosed with LGIN based on initial pathological examination in Anhui Provincial Hospital or three other medical consortium units between January 2022 and June 2024 were included.Among them,296 patients were followed up with endoscopic and biopsy pathology.Logistic regression was utilized to analyze the relevant risk factors for LGIN progression in the gastric mucosa.RESULTS The distribution sites of LGIN among the 357 patients were as follows:Gastric antrum(54.6%),gastric cardia(24.1%),gastric angulus(8.7%),gastric body(4.8%),gastric fundus(4.8%),and multiple sites(3.1%).Additionally,of the 357 patients with LGIN,112(31.4%)developed ulceration and 59(16.5%)experienced gastric polyps.Furthermore,231 of the 357(64.71%)patients with LGIN tested positive for Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection.The H.pylori infection rates of the patients with LGIN with accompanying atrophy,intestinal metaplasia,and gastric ulcer were 51.95%,59.31%,and 28.57%,respectively.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age≥60 years[odds ratio(OR)=3.063,95%confidence interval(CI):1.351-6.945,P=0.007],H.pylori infection(OR=3.560,95%CI:1.158-10.949,P=0.027),multiple locations(OR=10.136,95%CI:2.045-50.237,P=0.005),lesion size≥2 cm(OR=3.921,95%CI:1.664-9.237,P=0.002),and gastric ulcer(OR=2.730,95%CI:1.197-6.223,P=0.017)were predictive factors for LGIN progression.CONCLUSION LGIN progression is closely related to age,H.pylori positivity,multiple locations,lesion size≥2 cm,and gastric ulcer.Thus,actively identifying these risk factors in patients with LGIN may have certain clinical significance in preventing further tumor progression.展开更多
Lipocalin-2(LCN2)is a member of the lipocalin superfamily with multiple functions and can participate in the transport of a variety of small lipophilic ligands in vivo.LCN2 is significantly expressed in various tumors...Lipocalin-2(LCN2)is a member of the lipocalin superfamily with multiple functions and can participate in the transport of a variety of small lipophilic ligands in vivo.LCN2 is significantly expressed in various tumors and plays an important role in regulating tumor cell proliferation,invasion,and metastasis.The specific actions of LCN2 in tumors may vary depending on the particular type of cancer involved.In this review,we provide an extensive overview of the transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of LCN2 in health and disease.Furthermore,we summarize the impact of LCN2 dysregulation in a broad range of tumors.Lastly,we examine the mechanisms of action of LCN2 during tumorigenesis,progression,and metastasis.Understanding the complex relationships between LCN2 and tumor development,progression,and metastasis is vital for advancing our knowledge of cancer biology,developing biomarkers for diagnosis and clinical decision-making,and creating therapeutic strategies to improve the management of patients with cancer.展开更多
Background: Acute Leukemia is the most common childhood cancer, with two main types: ALL and AML. In Tanzania, recent improvements in treatment and survival have been noted, but the latest data is from 2013. This stud...Background: Acute Leukemia is the most common childhood cancer, with two main types: ALL and AML. In Tanzania, recent improvements in treatment and survival have been noted, but the latest data is from 2013. This study will update survival and relapse information from 2013 to 2020 to help enhance future treatment strategies. Methodology: This study was conducted at two tertiary hospitals in Tanzania. The study analyzed data from children diagnosed with Acute Leukemia between January 2015 to December 2020. Patient data were collected via questionnaires and analyzed using STATA software. Results: This study included a total of 95 participants 64 had age less than 10 years and majority were males 56.8%, 55 had duration of symptoms for more than 1 month 66 had ALL, 49 had attained remission, the overall three years survival was 44.2% with those children with no health insurance having high risk of dying, rate of relapse was 18.4%, with those diagnosed with B-ALL having low risk of relapse. Conclusion: This study provides insights into survival and relapse predictors for childhood leukemia in northern Tanzania. It found an overall survival rate of 44.2%, with health insurance and minimal residual disease after induction being key predictors of survival. The relapse rate was 18.4%, with health insurance linked to a lower relapse risk. Health insurance emerged as a strong predictor of better survival, leading to the recommendation that all children should have health insurance. Additionally, the study suggests that policymakers should support the expansion of global health coverage in Tanzania.展开更多
Let a_(1),a_(2),a_(3)be nonzero integers with gcd(a_(1),a_(2),a_(3))=1,and let k be any positive integer,K=max[3,|a_(1)|,|a_(2)|,|a_(3)|,k].Suppose that l_(1),l_(2),l_(3)are integers each coprime to k.Suppose further ...Let a_(1),a_(2),a_(3)be nonzero integers with gcd(a_(1),a_(2),a_(3))=1,and let k be any positive integer,K=max[3,|a_(1)|,|a_(2)|,|a_(3)|,k].Suppose that l_(1),l_(2),l_(3)are integers each coprime to k.Suppose further that b is any integer satisfying some necessary congruent conditions.The solvability of linear equation a_(1)p_(1)+a_(2)p_(2)+a_(3)p_(3)=b(p_(j)=l_(j)(mod k),1≤j≤3)with prime variables pi,p_(2),ps is investigated.It is proved that if ai,a_(2),a_(3)are all positive,then the above equation is solvable whenever b≥K^(25);if a,a_(2),a_(3)are not all of the same sign,then the above equation has a solution p_(1),p_(2),p_(3)satisfying max(p_(1),p_(2),p_(3))≤3|b|+K^(25).展开更多
The Chinese government promotes smoking cessation through smoking cessation clinics(SCCs).This study aimed to identify factors associated with relapse and provide evidence to inform interventions that reduce relapse r...The Chinese government promotes smoking cessation through smoking cessation clinics(SCCs).This study aimed to identify factors associated with relapse and provide evidence to inform interventions that reduce relapse risk.Participants were SCC patients aged≥18 years who enrolled between June 2019 and December 2021,completed follow-up assessments at one and three months,and reported abstinence at one month.Short-term relapse was defined as self-reported smoking at the three-month follow-up.Treatments included counseling,first-line cessation medications,and traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).Logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with short-term relapse.Among 10,724 eligible SCC patients,11.6%experienced short-term relapse.Factors positively associated with relapse included the number of previous quit attempts(1–5 attempts:OR=1.422,95%CI:1.254–1.613,>5 attempts:OR=1.382,95%CI:1.057–1.808),high perceived difficulty in quitting(OR=1.297,95%CI:1.061–1.586),and moderate(OR=1.383,95%CI:1.174–1.629)or weak(OR=1.517,95%CI:1.251–1.841)willingness to quit.Factors negatively associated with relapse included having a college degree or higher(OR=0.796;95%CI:0.650–0.973),high confidence in quitting(OR=0.786;95%CI:0.629–0.983),and use of TCM(OR=0.276;95%CI:0.158–0.482).Enhancing self-efficacy in quitting appears crucial for preventing short-term relapse.The use of TCM may reduce relapse risk and warrants further investigation.展开更多
The purpose of this article is to analyze the efficacy of molecular diagnostic techniques for monitoring tuberculosis relapse.After analyzing the connotation of molecular diagnostic techniques and their specific appli...The purpose of this article is to analyze the efficacy of molecular diagnostic techniques for monitoring tuberculosis relapse.After analyzing the connotation of molecular diagnostic techniques and their specific application process in tuberculosis relapse monitoring,a total of 200 cured tuberculosis patients were selected(100 in the experimental group and 100 in the control group).During the 12-month follow-up period,the experimental group was monitored by molecular diagnostic techniques,while the control group was monitored by traditional techniques.Finally,by comparing the performance indicators of the two monitoring methods,as well as the relapse situations and outcomes of patients,it was demonstrated that molecular diagnostic techniques have higher efficacy in tuberculosis relapse monitoring.展开更多
To the editor:Schizophrenia is a chronic and severe mental disorder characterised by profound disruptions in thinking,affecting language,perception and the sense of self. These disruptions can significantly impair an ...To the editor:Schizophrenia is a chronic and severe mental disorder characterised by profound disruptions in thinking,affecting language,perception and the sense of self. These disruptions can significantly impair an individual’s ability to function socially and occupationally, leading to a high burden on both the individuals affected and society as a whole.展开更多
Multiple myeloma is a complex and challenging blood cancer,particularly in cases where the disease has relapsed or become resistant to treatment.These situations often have a significant impact on both patient surviva...Multiple myeloma is a complex and challenging blood cancer,particularly in cases where the disease has relapsed or become resistant to treatment.These situations often have a significant impact on both patient survival and quality of life.Over recent years,advances in precision medicine and translational medicine have brought about a shift in treatment strategies,moving toward more personalized and targeted approaches.This review highlights the latest developments in the management of refractory and relapsed multiple myeloma,focusing on the current state of precision diagnosis and treatment,the role of translational medicine,and potential future directions in research.By reviewing key studies and clinical trial data,we aim to offer fresh perspectives and strategies that could improve clinical outcomes.展开更多
Objective We examined the associations between obesity-related indices and the risk of diabetes progression from prediabetes in older adults,comparing the differences in using the American Diabetes Association(ADA)and...Objective We examined the associations between obesity-related indices and the risk of diabetes progression from prediabetes in older adults,comparing the differences in using the American Diabetes Association(ADA)and World Health Organization(WHO)criteria.Methods Data were obtained from the Healthy Aging Evaluation Longitudinal Study conducted in China.At baseline,prediabetes(in participants without diabetes)was classified based on fasting plasma glucose(FPG)levels using both criteria.Body mass index(BMI)and waist circumference(WC)were categorized according to data distribution and diagnostic cut-off values,respectively.Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate the adjusted hazard ratios(aHRs)with 95%confidence intervals(CIs)for obesity-related indices and diabetes progression from prediabetes.Results Among the 1,127 participants classified as prediabetic according to the ADA criteria,474 met the WHO criteria.Under ADA-defined prediabetes,the highest WC quartile(≥93 cm)was significantly associated with an increased diabetes risk(aHR 1.93[1.06,3.53,P<0.05]),whereas BMI-related and cut-off-based abdominal obesity demonstrated no significant associations(P>0.05).Under WHOdefined prediabetes,both the high tertile of WC(≥90 cm)and general obesity(BMI≥28.0 kg/m^(2))were significantly associated with progression to diabetes(P<0.05),with aHR 2.13(1.06,4.27)and 2.44(1.19,5.01),respectively.However,cut-off-based abdominal obesity and the high BMI tertile(≥25.75 kg/m^(2))were not significantly associated with diabetes progression(P>0.05).Conclusion Elevated WC,rather than BMI-based indices or cut-off-based abdominal obesity,was significantly associated with diabetes progression according to the ADA-defined prediabetes criteria.However,both the evaluated WC and general obesity predicted progression to diabetes according to the WHO criteria.展开更多
Depression is a prevalent mental health disorder characterized by high relapse rates,highlighting the need for effective preventive interventions.This paper reviews the potential of reinforcement learning(RL)in preven...Depression is a prevalent mental health disorder characterized by high relapse rates,highlighting the need for effective preventive interventions.This paper reviews the potential of reinforcement learning(RL)in preventing depression relapse.RL,a subset of artificial intelligence,utilizes machine learning algorithms to analyze behavioral data,enabling early detection of relapse risk and optimization of personalized interventions.RL's ability to tailor treatment in real-time by adapting to individual needs and responses offers a dynamic alternative to traditional therapeutic approaches.Studies have demonstrated the efficacy of RL in customizing e-Health interventions and integrating mobile sensing with machine learning for adaptive mental health systems.Despite these advantages,challenges remain in algorithmic complexity,ethical considerations,and clinical implementation.Addressing these issues is crucial for the successful integration of RL into mental health care.This paper concludes with recommendations for future research directions,emphasizing the need for larger-scale studies and interdisciplinary collaboration to fully realize RL’s potential in improving mental health outcomes and preventing depression relapse.展开更多
AIM:To investigate the prevalence and characteristics of myopia in school-aged students and effects of environmental and genetic factors on the progression of myopia.METHODS:A total of 2422 students aged between 5 and...AIM:To investigate the prevalence and characteristics of myopia in school-aged students and effects of environmental and genetic factors on the progression of myopia.METHODS:A total of 2422 students aged between 5 and 18y from nine schools in Baiyun District of Guangzhou,China were sampled using a stratified sampling method in 2020.Among them,1066 students participated in the follow-up survey the following year.Data were obtained based on ocular examinations and a questionnaire survey conducted during two visits.Factors potentially influencing the progression of myopia were analyzed.RESULTS:During the year assessed in this study,the percentage of students with myopia increased from 58.4%to 64.8%(P=0.002).Spherical equivalent(SE)progressed from-1.44±1.91 diopters(D)at baseline to-1.66±1.10 D(P=0.005).A generalized estimating equation(GEE)model revealed that age[adjusted odds ratio(aOR)=1.298,P<0.001],residential students(aOR=2.428,P=0.018),parental myopia(one myopic parent:aOR=1.553,both parents myopic:aOR=2.609,P<0.001),frequent reading of books or viewing of screens in direct sunlight(aOR=3.502,P=0.023),using only overhead lighting for reading and writing at night(aOR=1.633,P=0.011),parental restrictions on exercise time(aOR=2.286,P=0.012),and having less than 2h of outdoor exercise per day during the past week(aOR=1.584,P=0.019)were all identified as independent risk factors for progression of myopia.CONCLUSION:Our findings in this study indicate that age,residential students,parental myopia,indoor lighting environment,and physical activity have significant effects on the progression of myopia,providing evidence for further in-depth mechanistic interpretation and efficient intervention strategies for school-age children in this area.展开更多
In the article“LncRNA PCGEM1 facilitates cervical cancer progression via miR-642a-5p/KIF5B axis”(Oncology Research,2024,Vol 32,No.7,pp.1221-1229.doi:10.32604/or.2024.047454),there were some errors in the content.In ...In the article“LncRNA PCGEM1 facilitates cervical cancer progression via miR-642a-5p/KIF5B axis”(Oncology Research,2024,Vol 32,No.7,pp.1221-1229.doi:10.32604/or.2024.047454),there were some errors in the content.In order to ensure the scientific and rigorous nature of our academic publications,we deleted the incorrect content that is not related to this study,supplemented the details of the method.展开更多
Ovarian cancer(OC),a highly lethal gynaecological malignancy,is often diagnosed at advanced stages,resulting in a poor prognosis.Sialylation,an important form of glycosylation,significantly contributes to the progress...Ovarian cancer(OC),a highly lethal gynaecological malignancy,is often diagnosed at advanced stages,resulting in a poor prognosis.Sialylation,an important form of glycosylation,significantly contributes to the progression of various solid tumours,including OC.Aberrant sialylation promotes tumour progression and metastasis by altering the structure and function of glycoproteins.Although its role in several solid tumours is well documented,the role of abnormal sialylation in OC and its potential as a therapeutic target remain poorly understood.This review highlights sialylation as a key regulator of the progression,metastasis,and drug resistance of OC.A deeper understanding of altered sialylation can contribute to the identification of novel therapeutic strategies for OC.展开更多
Splenic histiocytic sarcoma(SHS)is a rare,aggressive hematological malignancy with unclear progression and management.Our case illustrates the progression and pathophysiological processes of SHS and provides key data ...Splenic histiocytic sarcoma(SHS)is a rare,aggressive hematological malignancy with unclear progression and management.Our case illustrates the progression and pathophysiological processes of SHS and provides key data for the diagnosis,treatment and management of SHS.A 60-year-old female with incidentally detected splenic mass(6.0 cm×5.7 cm)underwent splenectomy,confirmed as SHS in 2020.Post-op imatinib therapy was given.In 2022,hepatic metastases(2.4 cm×2.9 cm)with pancytopenia led to supportive care.Lesions enlarged to 4.3 cm×2.7 cm,leading to multi-organ failure and death at 33 months.The case was categorized into three distinct stages based on the pathophysiology of SHS:Early-stage splenic tumor growth,mid-stage liver metastasis with hematological abnormalities,and late-stage tumor infiltration leading to multiorgan failure.For SHS,this case highlights the pivotal role of early intervention and the value of personalized treatment strategies.展开更多
Candida albicans(C.albicans)represents one of the most prevalent opportunistic fungal pathogens in cancer patients.Although the association between C.albicans and cancer has been recognized for decades,the causal rela...Candida albicans(C.albicans)represents one of the most prevalent opportunistic fungal pathogens in cancer patients.Although the association between C.albicans and cancer has been recognized for decades,the causal relationship,whether C.albicans infection is a consequence of cancer or a direct contributor to cancer development-remains a subject of intensive investigation.Recently,the complex interplay between microbes and cancer has garnered significant attention within the scientific community,with growing interest in elucidating the underlying molecular mechanisms.This review systematically examines the biological characteristics of C.albicans,its multifaceted interactions with the host,and its relationship with the intestinal microbiota.Additionally,it provides a comprehensive analysis of the association between C.albicans and the development of various malignancies,with particular emphasis on digestive tract cancers.The review also identifies critical knowledge gaps and apparent contradictions in existing research,highlighting potential avenues for breakthroughs that will advance the efficient and accurate screening,diagnosis,and treatment of cancer.展开更多
CD5-positive(CD5+)diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(DLBCL)represents a special subgroup of DLBCL with a more aggressive disease course and is more likely to develop into relapsed/refractory(r/r)DLBCL in response to immuno...CD5-positive(CD5+)diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(DLBCL)represents a special subgroup of DLBCL with a more aggressive disease course and is more likely to develop into relapsed/refractory(r/r)DLBCL in response to immunochemotherapy.The incidence of CD5+DLBCL is 5%–10%among DLBCL patients1.展开更多
This study aims to understand the current status of fear of disease progression(FoP)in patients with coronary heart disease(CHD)following percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI),and to explore the relationship between...This study aims to understand the current status of fear of disease progression(FoP)in patients with coronary heart disease(CHD)following percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI),and to explore the relationship between FoP levels,perceived control,and medical coping strategies in these patients.A total of 360 CHD patients who underwent PCI at Xijing Hospital in Shaanxi Province between June and November 2024 were selected using a convenience sampling method.Surveys included a general information questionnaire,the Fear of Progression Questionnaire-Short Form(FoP-Q-SF),the revised Control Attitudes Scale(CAS-R),and the Medical Coping Modes Questionnaire(MCMQ).Pearson correlation analysis was used to examine the relationships between disease perception,positive coping strategies,and FoP.A total of 360 patients completed the study.The average score for FoP in patients with CHD after PCI was 31.64±4.61.FoP was negatively correlated with perceived control(r=-0.106,P<0.01)and medical coping(r=-0.194,P<0.01).Multivariate regression analysis showed that the type of intervention,family history of CHD,smoking status,perceived control,and total medical coping score were significant factors influencing FoP(P<0.01).Enhancing perceived control and identifying positive coping strategies can improve FoP levels in patients with CHD after PCI.Therefore,clinicians should focus on perceived control and medical coping levels in patients and develop targeted interventions to alleviate negative emotions related to FoP.展开更多
BACKGROUNDColorectal cancer(CRC)typically progresses from benign colorectal polyps,whichrepresent a precursor to malignancy.Identifying the factors influencing thisprogression is crucial for early intervention and pre...BACKGROUNDColorectal cancer(CRC)typically progresses from benign colorectal polyps,whichrepresent a precursor to malignancy.Identifying the factors influencing thisprogression is crucial for early intervention and prevention.Although genetic andenvironmental factors have been widely studied,the role of lifestyle factors suchas physical activity,diet,smoking,sleep,and stress remains underexplored,especially in patients with early stage CRC or polyps.Recent evidence suggeststhat lifestyle behaviors may influence cancer progression by modulating inflammatorypathways,metabolic health,and immune function.For instance,highlevels of physical activity are linked to a reduced risk of CRC development,whereas poor dietary habits,smoking,and inadequate sleep have all beenimplicated in increased cancer risk and progression.Moreover,early-stage CRCpatients,who are often asymptomatic or have minimal symptoms,may particularlybenefit from lifestyle modifications to slow disease progression andimprove overall prognosis.The gap in understanding the specific influence ofthese lifestyle factors on colorectal polyps and early stage cancer progressionunderscores the need for comprehensive studies.By assessing several modifiablelifestyle factors and their association with disease progression,clinicians canidentify practical intervention points.These interventions could ultimately reducethe need for more aggressive treatments and improve the long-term outcomes inaffected patients.AIMTo investigate the association between lifestyle factors and disease progression inpatients with colorectal polyps and early stage cancer.METHODSIn this observational study conducted from January 2022 to December 2023,werecruited 120 patients with colorectal polyps or early stage cancer from Jiangshan People's Hospital.Lifestyle factors,including physical activity,dietary patterns,smoking status,sleep quality,andstress levels,were assessed using validated questionnaires.Disease progression was evaluated using standardizedfollow-up colonoscopies and pathological examinations.Cox proportional hazards models were used to analyzethe association between lifestyle factors and disease progression after adjusting for potential confounders.RESULTSDuring the median follow-up of 18.4 months,42(35.0%)patients experienced disease progression.High levels ofphysical activity were associated with reduced progression risk[adjusted hazard ratio(HR)0.55,95%confidenceinterval(CI):0.38-0.80,P=0.002]compared to low activity levels.High adherence to a healthy dietary patternshowed similar protective effects(adjusted HR 0.62,95%CI:0.43-0.89,P=0.009).Current smoking(adjusted HR1.92,95%CI:1.35-2.73,P<0.001)and poor sleep quality(adjusted HR 1.38,95%CI:1.05-1.82,P=0.021)wereassociated with increased progression risk.The impact of lifestyle factors was particularly pronounced in patientsyounger than 60 years and those with multiple polyps at baseline.CONCLUSIONThis study demonstrated significant associations between lifestyle factors and disease progression in colorectalpolyps and early stage cancer.Physical activity,dietary patterns,smoking status,and sleep quality have emergedas key modifiable factors influencing disease progression.These findings support the integration of lifestyleassessments and modifications in the clinical management of patients with colorectal neoplasia.展开更多
文摘Colorectal cancer remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide.Despite notable advances in early detection and therapeutic strategies,the molecular mechanisms underlying tumor survival,chemotherapy resistance,and metastasis are not yet fully understood.MicroRNAs(miRNAs)have emerged as pivotal regulators of cancer development,as they modulate gene expression and orchestrate key signaling pathways.However,the epigenetic mechanisms that control miRNA expression and their downstream gene targets remain largely unclear.In this review,we highlight the critical role of the colorectal cancer microenvironment in influencing miRNA expression and discuss how this regulation contributes to tumorigenesis.A better understanding of these processes may lead to the identification of novel therapeutic targets and strategies to prevent recurrence.
基金Supported by the Korea Health Technology R&D Project through the Korea Health Industry Development Institute(KHIDI),funded by the Ministry of Health&Welfare,Republic of Korea(No.HR20C0026)the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)(No.RS-2023-00247504)the Patient-Centered Clinical Research Coordinating Center,funded by the Ministry of Health&Welfare,Republic of Korea(No.HC19C0276).
文摘AIM:To build a functional generalized estimating equation(GEE)model to detect glaucomatous visual field progression and compare the performance of the proposed method with that of commonly employed algorithms.METHODS:Totally 716 eyes of 716 patients with primary open angle glaucoma(POAG)with at least 5 reliable 24-2 test results and 2y of follow-up were selected.The functional GEE model was used to detect perimetric progression in the training dataset(501 eyes).In the testing dataset(215 eyes),progression was evaluated the functional GEE model,mean deviation(MD)and visual field index(VFI)rates of change,Advanced Glaucoma Intervention Study(AGIS)and Collaborative Initial Glaucoma Treatment Study(CIGTS)scores,and pointwise linear regression(PLR).RESULTS:The proposed method showed the highest proportion of eyes detected as progression(54.4%),followed by the VFI rate(34.4%),PLR(23.3%),and MD rate(21.4%).The CIGTS and AGIS scores had a lower proportion of eyes detected as progression(7.9%and 5.1%,respectively).The time to detection of progression was significantly shorter for the proposed method than that of other algorithms(adjusted P≤0.019).The VFI rate displayed moderate pairwise agreement with the proposed method(k=0.47).CONCLUSION:The functional GEE model shows the highest proportion of eyes detected as perimetric progression and the shortest time to detect perimetric progression in patients with POAG.
基金the Research Project of the Chinese Digestive Early Cancer Physicians’Joint Growth Program,No.GTCZ-2021-AH-34-0012.
文摘BACKGROUND Gastric cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide,especially in East Asia.AIM To explore the clinical outcomes and progression-related factors of low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia(LGIN)in the gastric mucosa and provide valuable guidance for improving treatment efficacy.METHODS A total of 357 patients diagnosed with LGIN based on initial pathological examination in Anhui Provincial Hospital or three other medical consortium units between January 2022 and June 2024 were included.Among them,296 patients were followed up with endoscopic and biopsy pathology.Logistic regression was utilized to analyze the relevant risk factors for LGIN progression in the gastric mucosa.RESULTS The distribution sites of LGIN among the 357 patients were as follows:Gastric antrum(54.6%),gastric cardia(24.1%),gastric angulus(8.7%),gastric body(4.8%),gastric fundus(4.8%),and multiple sites(3.1%).Additionally,of the 357 patients with LGIN,112(31.4%)developed ulceration and 59(16.5%)experienced gastric polyps.Furthermore,231 of the 357(64.71%)patients with LGIN tested positive for Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection.The H.pylori infection rates of the patients with LGIN with accompanying atrophy,intestinal metaplasia,and gastric ulcer were 51.95%,59.31%,and 28.57%,respectively.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age≥60 years[odds ratio(OR)=3.063,95%confidence interval(CI):1.351-6.945,P=0.007],H.pylori infection(OR=3.560,95%CI:1.158-10.949,P=0.027),multiple locations(OR=10.136,95%CI:2.045-50.237,P=0.005),lesion size≥2 cm(OR=3.921,95%CI:1.664-9.237,P=0.002),and gastric ulcer(OR=2.730,95%CI:1.197-6.223,P=0.017)were predictive factors for LGIN progression.CONCLUSION LGIN progression is closely related to age,H.pylori positivity,multiple locations,lesion size≥2 cm,and gastric ulcer.Thus,actively identifying these risk factors in patients with LGIN may have certain clinical significance in preventing further tumor progression.
基金supported by the Program for Science Technology and Innovation Committee of Shenzhen(2021N062-JCYJ20210324115408023)Guangdong High-Level Hospital Construction Fund,Shenzhen High-Level Hospital Construction Fund。
文摘Lipocalin-2(LCN2)is a member of the lipocalin superfamily with multiple functions and can participate in the transport of a variety of small lipophilic ligands in vivo.LCN2 is significantly expressed in various tumors and plays an important role in regulating tumor cell proliferation,invasion,and metastasis.The specific actions of LCN2 in tumors may vary depending on the particular type of cancer involved.In this review,we provide an extensive overview of the transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of LCN2 in health and disease.Furthermore,we summarize the impact of LCN2 dysregulation in a broad range of tumors.Lastly,we examine the mechanisms of action of LCN2 during tumorigenesis,progression,and metastasis.Understanding the complex relationships between LCN2 and tumor development,progression,and metastasis is vital for advancing our knowledge of cancer biology,developing biomarkers for diagnosis and clinical decision-making,and creating therapeutic strategies to improve the management of patients with cancer.
文摘Background: Acute Leukemia is the most common childhood cancer, with two main types: ALL and AML. In Tanzania, recent improvements in treatment and survival have been noted, but the latest data is from 2013. This study will update survival and relapse information from 2013 to 2020 to help enhance future treatment strategies. Methodology: This study was conducted at two tertiary hospitals in Tanzania. The study analyzed data from children diagnosed with Acute Leukemia between January 2015 to December 2020. Patient data were collected via questionnaires and analyzed using STATA software. Results: This study included a total of 95 participants 64 had age less than 10 years and majority were males 56.8%, 55 had duration of symptoms for more than 1 month 66 had ALL, 49 had attained remission, the overall three years survival was 44.2% with those children with no health insurance having high risk of dying, rate of relapse was 18.4%, with those diagnosed with B-ALL having low risk of relapse. Conclusion: This study provides insights into survival and relapse predictors for childhood leukemia in northern Tanzania. It found an overall survival rate of 44.2%, with health insurance and minimal residual disease after induction being key predictors of survival. The relapse rate was 18.4%, with health insurance linked to a lower relapse risk. Health insurance emerged as a strong predictor of better survival, leading to the recommendation that all children should have health insurance. Additionally, the study suggests that policymakers should support the expansion of global health coverage in Tanzania.
文摘Let a_(1),a_(2),a_(3)be nonzero integers with gcd(a_(1),a_(2),a_(3))=1,and let k be any positive integer,K=max[3,|a_(1)|,|a_(2)|,|a_(3)|,k].Suppose that l_(1),l_(2),l_(3)are integers each coprime to k.Suppose further that b is any integer satisfying some necessary congruent conditions.The solvability of linear equation a_(1)p_(1)+a_(2)p_(2)+a_(3)p_(3)=b(p_(j)=l_(j)(mod k),1≤j≤3)with prime variables pi,p_(2),ps is investigated.It is proved that if ai,a_(2),a_(3)are all positive,then the above equation is solvable whenever b≥K^(25);if a,a_(2),a_(3)are not all of the same sign,then the above equation has a solution p_(1),p_(2),p_(3)satisfying max(p_(1),p_(2),p_(3))≤3|b|+K^(25).
文摘The Chinese government promotes smoking cessation through smoking cessation clinics(SCCs).This study aimed to identify factors associated with relapse and provide evidence to inform interventions that reduce relapse risk.Participants were SCC patients aged≥18 years who enrolled between June 2019 and December 2021,completed follow-up assessments at one and three months,and reported abstinence at one month.Short-term relapse was defined as self-reported smoking at the three-month follow-up.Treatments included counseling,first-line cessation medications,and traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).Logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with short-term relapse.Among 10,724 eligible SCC patients,11.6%experienced short-term relapse.Factors positively associated with relapse included the number of previous quit attempts(1–5 attempts:OR=1.422,95%CI:1.254–1.613,>5 attempts:OR=1.382,95%CI:1.057–1.808),high perceived difficulty in quitting(OR=1.297,95%CI:1.061–1.586),and moderate(OR=1.383,95%CI:1.174–1.629)or weak(OR=1.517,95%CI:1.251–1.841)willingness to quit.Factors negatively associated with relapse included having a college degree or higher(OR=0.796;95%CI:0.650–0.973),high confidence in quitting(OR=0.786;95%CI:0.629–0.983),and use of TCM(OR=0.276;95%CI:0.158–0.482).Enhancing self-efficacy in quitting appears crucial for preventing short-term relapse.The use of TCM may reduce relapse risk and warrants further investigation.
文摘The purpose of this article is to analyze the efficacy of molecular diagnostic techniques for monitoring tuberculosis relapse.After analyzing the connotation of molecular diagnostic techniques and their specific application process in tuberculosis relapse monitoring,a total of 200 cured tuberculosis patients were selected(100 in the experimental group and 100 in the control group).During the 12-month follow-up period,the experimental group was monitored by molecular diagnostic techniques,while the control group was monitored by traditional techniques.Finally,by comparing the performance indicators of the two monitoring methods,as well as the relapse situations and outcomes of patients,it was demonstrated that molecular diagnostic techniques have higher efficacy in tuberculosis relapse monitoring.
基金funded by Peking University Sixth Hospital(BDLYYLZL2024-01)the Capital Health Development Research Project Program of China(2014-4-4112).
文摘To the editor:Schizophrenia is a chronic and severe mental disorder characterised by profound disruptions in thinking,affecting language,perception and the sense of self. These disruptions can significantly impair an individual’s ability to function socially and occupationally, leading to a high burden on both the individuals affected and society as a whole.
基金supported by grants from the 925th Science Foundation(Grant Nos.2023-3 and 2024-2/3).
文摘Multiple myeloma is a complex and challenging blood cancer,particularly in cases where the disease has relapsed or become resistant to treatment.These situations often have a significant impact on both patient survival and quality of life.Over recent years,advances in precision medicine and translational medicine have brought about a shift in treatment strategies,moving toward more personalized and targeted approaches.This review highlights the latest developments in the management of refractory and relapsed multiple myeloma,focusing on the current state of precision diagnosis and treatment,the role of translational medicine,and potential future directions in research.By reviewing key studies and clinical trial data,we aim to offer fresh perspectives and strategies that could improve clinical outcomes.
文摘Objective We examined the associations between obesity-related indices and the risk of diabetes progression from prediabetes in older adults,comparing the differences in using the American Diabetes Association(ADA)and World Health Organization(WHO)criteria.Methods Data were obtained from the Healthy Aging Evaluation Longitudinal Study conducted in China.At baseline,prediabetes(in participants without diabetes)was classified based on fasting plasma glucose(FPG)levels using both criteria.Body mass index(BMI)and waist circumference(WC)were categorized according to data distribution and diagnostic cut-off values,respectively.Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate the adjusted hazard ratios(aHRs)with 95%confidence intervals(CIs)for obesity-related indices and diabetes progression from prediabetes.Results Among the 1,127 participants classified as prediabetic according to the ADA criteria,474 met the WHO criteria.Under ADA-defined prediabetes,the highest WC quartile(≥93 cm)was significantly associated with an increased diabetes risk(aHR 1.93[1.06,3.53,P<0.05]),whereas BMI-related and cut-off-based abdominal obesity demonstrated no significant associations(P>0.05).Under WHOdefined prediabetes,both the high tertile of WC(≥90 cm)and general obesity(BMI≥28.0 kg/m^(2))were significantly associated with progression to diabetes(P<0.05),with aHR 2.13(1.06,4.27)and 2.44(1.19,5.01),respectively.However,cut-off-based abdominal obesity and the high BMI tertile(≥25.75 kg/m^(2))were not significantly associated with diabetes progression(P>0.05).Conclusion Elevated WC,rather than BMI-based indices or cut-off-based abdominal obesity,was significantly associated with diabetes progression according to the ADA-defined prediabetes criteria.However,both the evaluated WC and general obesity predicted progression to diabetes according to the WHO criteria.
文摘Depression is a prevalent mental health disorder characterized by high relapse rates,highlighting the need for effective preventive interventions.This paper reviews the potential of reinforcement learning(RL)in preventing depression relapse.RL,a subset of artificial intelligence,utilizes machine learning algorithms to analyze behavioral data,enabling early detection of relapse risk and optimization of personalized interventions.RL's ability to tailor treatment in real-time by adapting to individual needs and responses offers a dynamic alternative to traditional therapeutic approaches.Studies have demonstrated the efficacy of RL in customizing e-Health interventions and integrating mobile sensing with machine learning for adaptive mental health systems.Despite these advantages,challenges remain in algorithmic complexity,ethical considerations,and clinical implementation.Addressing these issues is crucial for the successful integration of RL into mental health care.This paper concludes with recommendations for future research directions,emphasizing the need for larger-scale studies and interdisciplinary collaboration to fully realize RL’s potential in improving mental health outcomes and preventing depression relapse.
基金Supported by the Guangzhou Health Science and Technology Project(No.20221A010077)the Guangdong Provincial Medical Science and Technology Research Fund Project(No.A2020146).
文摘AIM:To investigate the prevalence and characteristics of myopia in school-aged students and effects of environmental and genetic factors on the progression of myopia.METHODS:A total of 2422 students aged between 5 and 18y from nine schools in Baiyun District of Guangzhou,China were sampled using a stratified sampling method in 2020.Among them,1066 students participated in the follow-up survey the following year.Data were obtained based on ocular examinations and a questionnaire survey conducted during two visits.Factors potentially influencing the progression of myopia were analyzed.RESULTS:During the year assessed in this study,the percentage of students with myopia increased from 58.4%to 64.8%(P=0.002).Spherical equivalent(SE)progressed from-1.44±1.91 diopters(D)at baseline to-1.66±1.10 D(P=0.005).A generalized estimating equation(GEE)model revealed that age[adjusted odds ratio(aOR)=1.298,P<0.001],residential students(aOR=2.428,P=0.018),parental myopia(one myopic parent:aOR=1.553,both parents myopic:aOR=2.609,P<0.001),frequent reading of books or viewing of screens in direct sunlight(aOR=3.502,P=0.023),using only overhead lighting for reading and writing at night(aOR=1.633,P=0.011),parental restrictions on exercise time(aOR=2.286,P=0.012),and having less than 2h of outdoor exercise per day during the past week(aOR=1.584,P=0.019)were all identified as independent risk factors for progression of myopia.CONCLUSION:Our findings in this study indicate that age,residential students,parental myopia,indoor lighting environment,and physical activity have significant effects on the progression of myopia,providing evidence for further in-depth mechanistic interpretation and efficient intervention strategies for school-age children in this area.
文摘In the article“LncRNA PCGEM1 facilitates cervical cancer progression via miR-642a-5p/KIF5B axis”(Oncology Research,2024,Vol 32,No.7,pp.1221-1229.doi:10.32604/or.2024.047454),there were some errors in the content.In order to ensure the scientific and rigorous nature of our academic publications,we deleted the incorrect content that is not related to this study,supplemented the details of the method.
基金supported by Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.2023AFB670).
文摘Ovarian cancer(OC),a highly lethal gynaecological malignancy,is often diagnosed at advanced stages,resulting in a poor prognosis.Sialylation,an important form of glycosylation,significantly contributes to the progression of various solid tumours,including OC.Aberrant sialylation promotes tumour progression and metastasis by altering the structure and function of glycoproteins.Although its role in several solid tumours is well documented,the role of abnormal sialylation in OC and its potential as a therapeutic target remain poorly understood.This review highlights sialylation as a key regulator of the progression,metastasis,and drug resistance of OC.A deeper understanding of altered sialylation can contribute to the identification of novel therapeutic strategies for OC.
基金Supported by the Program of General Hospital of Western Theater,No.2021-XZYG-C33.
文摘Splenic histiocytic sarcoma(SHS)is a rare,aggressive hematological malignancy with unclear progression and management.Our case illustrates the progression and pathophysiological processes of SHS and provides key data for the diagnosis,treatment and management of SHS.A 60-year-old female with incidentally detected splenic mass(6.0 cm×5.7 cm)underwent splenectomy,confirmed as SHS in 2020.Post-op imatinib therapy was given.In 2022,hepatic metastases(2.4 cm×2.9 cm)with pancytopenia led to supportive care.Lesions enlarged to 4.3 cm×2.7 cm,leading to multi-organ failure and death at 33 months.The case was categorized into three distinct stages based on the pathophysiology of SHS:Early-stage splenic tumor growth,mid-stage liver metastasis with hematological abnormalities,and late-stage tumor infiltration leading to multiorgan failure.For SHS,this case highlights the pivotal role of early intervention and the value of personalized treatment strategies.
文摘Candida albicans(C.albicans)represents one of the most prevalent opportunistic fungal pathogens in cancer patients.Although the association between C.albicans and cancer has been recognized for decades,the causal relationship,whether C.albicans infection is a consequence of cancer or a direct contributor to cancer development-remains a subject of intensive investigation.Recently,the complex interplay between microbes and cancer has garnered significant attention within the scientific community,with growing interest in elucidating the underlying molecular mechanisms.This review systematically examines the biological characteristics of C.albicans,its multifaceted interactions with the host,and its relationship with the intestinal microbiota.Additionally,it provides a comprehensive analysis of the association between C.albicans and the development of various malignancies,with particular emphasis on digestive tract cancers.The review also identifies critical knowledge gaps and apparent contradictions in existing research,highlighting potential avenues for breakthroughs that will advance the efficient and accurate screening,diagnosis,and treatment of cancer.
基金supported by funding from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.82170167 to Xiaoxi Zhou and Grant No.82300226 to Hui Luo)。
文摘CD5-positive(CD5+)diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(DLBCL)represents a special subgroup of DLBCL with a more aggressive disease course and is more likely to develop into relapsed/refractory(r/r)DLBCL in response to immunochemotherapy.The incidence of CD5+DLBCL is 5%–10%among DLBCL patients1.
文摘This study aims to understand the current status of fear of disease progression(FoP)in patients with coronary heart disease(CHD)following percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI),and to explore the relationship between FoP levels,perceived control,and medical coping strategies in these patients.A total of 360 CHD patients who underwent PCI at Xijing Hospital in Shaanxi Province between June and November 2024 were selected using a convenience sampling method.Surveys included a general information questionnaire,the Fear of Progression Questionnaire-Short Form(FoP-Q-SF),the revised Control Attitudes Scale(CAS-R),and the Medical Coping Modes Questionnaire(MCMQ).Pearson correlation analysis was used to examine the relationships between disease perception,positive coping strategies,and FoP.A total of 360 patients completed the study.The average score for FoP in patients with CHD after PCI was 31.64±4.61.FoP was negatively correlated with perceived control(r=-0.106,P<0.01)and medical coping(r=-0.194,P<0.01).Multivariate regression analysis showed that the type of intervention,family history of CHD,smoking status,perceived control,and total medical coping score were significant factors influencing FoP(P<0.01).Enhancing perceived control and identifying positive coping strategies can improve FoP levels in patients with CHD after PCI.Therefore,clinicians should focus on perceived control and medical coping levels in patients and develop targeted interventions to alleviate negative emotions related to FoP.
文摘BACKGROUNDColorectal cancer(CRC)typically progresses from benign colorectal polyps,whichrepresent a precursor to malignancy.Identifying the factors influencing thisprogression is crucial for early intervention and prevention.Although genetic andenvironmental factors have been widely studied,the role of lifestyle factors suchas physical activity,diet,smoking,sleep,and stress remains underexplored,especially in patients with early stage CRC or polyps.Recent evidence suggeststhat lifestyle behaviors may influence cancer progression by modulating inflammatorypathways,metabolic health,and immune function.For instance,highlevels of physical activity are linked to a reduced risk of CRC development,whereas poor dietary habits,smoking,and inadequate sleep have all beenimplicated in increased cancer risk and progression.Moreover,early-stage CRCpatients,who are often asymptomatic or have minimal symptoms,may particularlybenefit from lifestyle modifications to slow disease progression andimprove overall prognosis.The gap in understanding the specific influence ofthese lifestyle factors on colorectal polyps and early stage cancer progressionunderscores the need for comprehensive studies.By assessing several modifiablelifestyle factors and their association with disease progression,clinicians canidentify practical intervention points.These interventions could ultimately reducethe need for more aggressive treatments and improve the long-term outcomes inaffected patients.AIMTo investigate the association between lifestyle factors and disease progression inpatients with colorectal polyps and early stage cancer.METHODSIn this observational study conducted from January 2022 to December 2023,werecruited 120 patients with colorectal polyps or early stage cancer from Jiangshan People's Hospital.Lifestyle factors,including physical activity,dietary patterns,smoking status,sleep quality,andstress levels,were assessed using validated questionnaires.Disease progression was evaluated using standardizedfollow-up colonoscopies and pathological examinations.Cox proportional hazards models were used to analyzethe association between lifestyle factors and disease progression after adjusting for potential confounders.RESULTSDuring the median follow-up of 18.4 months,42(35.0%)patients experienced disease progression.High levels ofphysical activity were associated with reduced progression risk[adjusted hazard ratio(HR)0.55,95%confidenceinterval(CI):0.38-0.80,P=0.002]compared to low activity levels.High adherence to a healthy dietary patternshowed similar protective effects(adjusted HR 0.62,95%CI:0.43-0.89,P=0.009).Current smoking(adjusted HR1.92,95%CI:1.35-2.73,P<0.001)and poor sleep quality(adjusted HR 1.38,95%CI:1.05-1.82,P=0.021)wereassociated with increased progression risk.The impact of lifestyle factors was particularly pronounced in patientsyounger than 60 years and those with multiple polyps at baseline.CONCLUSIONThis study demonstrated significant associations between lifestyle factors and disease progression in colorectalpolyps and early stage cancer.Physical activity,dietary patterns,smoking status,and sleep quality have emergedas key modifiable factors influencing disease progression.These findings support the integration of lifestyleassessments and modifications in the clinical management of patients with colorectal neoplasia.
