Kirigami,through introducing cuts into a thin sheet,can greatly improve the stretchability of structures and also generate complex patterns,showing potentials in various applications.Interestingly,even with the same c...Kirigami,through introducing cuts into a thin sheet,can greatly improve the stretchability of structures and also generate complex patterns,showing potentials in various applications.Interestingly,even with the same cutting pattern,the mechanical response of kirigami metamaterials can exhibit significant differences depending on the cutting angles in respect to the loading direction.In this work,we investigate the structural deformation of kirigami metamaterials with square domains and varied cutting angles of 0°and 45°.We further introduce a second level of cutting on the basis of the first cutting pattern.By combining experiments and finite element simulations,it is found that,compared to the commonly used 0°cuts,the two-level kirigami metamaterials with 45°cuts exhibit a unique alternating arrangement phenomenon of expanded/unexpanded states in the loading process,which also results in distinct stress–strain response.Through tuning the cutting patterns of metamaterials with 45°cuts,precise control of the rotation of the kirigami unit is realized,leading to kirigami metamaterials with encryption properties.The current work demonstrates the programmability of structural deformation in hierarchical kirigami metamaterials through controlling the local cutting modes.展开更多
Introduction:The therapeutic nurse patient relationship is viewed as central or foundational to the practice of nursing.Such relationship not only improve patients’physical and emotional state but also facilitate the...Introduction:The therapeutic nurse patient relationship is viewed as central or foundational to the practice of nursing.Such relationship not only improve patients’physical and emotional state but also facilitate their adjustments to their illness,ease pain and can ultimately lead to a good health experience.Methodology:The pre experimental one group pre test post test study was undertaken to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge regarding therapeutic nurse-patient communication among the staff nurses working in SGT Hospital,Haryana.Total 30 study participants were selected by convenient sampling technique and Data were collected by using a structured knowledge questionnaire.Result:The findings of the study revealed that half of the participants 50%had average and poor knowledge regarding therapeutic nurse patient communication in the pre test.Similarly,the post test scores depicted that majority(63%)had average knowledge and 37%had good knowledge regarding therapeutic nurse patient communication.Most of the demographic variable was not significantly associated with level of pre knowledge of staff nurses regarding therapeutic nurse patient communication.Only staff nurses years of experience P=0.021 were found to statistically significant at 0.05 level of significance.There was significant difference between the knowledge of staff nurses before and after the implementation of structured teaching programme(t=11.844,P=0.0001).Conclusion:It was concluded that structured teaching programme was effective strategy which can help to increase their knowledge regarding therapeutic nurse patient communication.展开更多
Four-dimensional printing allows for the transformation capabilities of 3D-printed architectures over time,altering their shape,properties,or function when exposed to external stimuli.This interdisciplinary technology...Four-dimensional printing allows for the transformation capabilities of 3D-printed architectures over time,altering their shape,properties,or function when exposed to external stimuli.This interdisciplinary technology endows the 3D architectures with unique functionalities,which has generated excitement in diverse research fields,such as soft robotics,biomimetics,biomedical devices,and sensors.Understanding the selection of the material,architectural designs,and employed stimuli is crucial to unlocking the potential of smart customization with 4D printing.This review summarizes recent significant developments in 4D printing and establishes links between smart materials,3D printing techniques,programmable structures,diversiform stimulus,and new functionalities for multidisciplinary applications.We start by introducing the advanced features of 4D printing and the key technological roadmap for its implementation.We then place considerable emphasis on printable smart materials and structural designs,as well as general approaches to designing programmable structures.We also review stimulus designs in smart materials and their associated stimulus-responsive mechanisms.Finally,we discuss new functionalities of 4D printing for potential applications and further development directions.展开更多
The paper investigated the prospect of selected export crops in meeting the demand of emerging commodity and futures market in Nigeria within the context of a counterfactual model, The data covered about three decades...The paper investigated the prospect of selected export crops in meeting the demand of emerging commodity and futures market in Nigeria within the context of a counterfactual model, The data covered about three decades （1973-2000）. The model was estimated to capture two economic policies in the period namely stabilization （1973-1985） before introduction of Structural Adjustment Programme （SAP） and liberalization policy （1986-2005） that followed SAP The results indicated positive divergence between factual and counterfactual trends for palm kernel, cocoa, coffee and rubber but neuative for groundnut after SAP展开更多
The integration of the Czech Republic into the process of European space university education formation makes many demands on the higher education system--from creating new legislation and educational conception to ch...The integration of the Czech Republic into the process of European space university education formation makes many demands on the higher education system--from creating new legislation and educational conception to changes in the study programme structure. With regard to the study programme structure, permeability and modular construction of the programme and the actual European Credit Transfer and Accumulation System （ECTS） implementation are some of requirements coming to the fore. The aim of this work is to present an analysis of bachelor study programme Applied Mathematics Structure at the University of Ostrava within the context of the above mentioned requirements.展开更多
The objectives of this paper are to examine the nexus between financial liberalization,balance of payment and economic growth in Nigeria.The scope of this study due to data availability,especially on measures of balan...The objectives of this paper are to examine the nexus between financial liberalization,balance of payment and economic growth in Nigeria.The scope of this study due to data availability,especially on measures of balance of payment,covers the period of 1986-2017.This study adopts econometrics techniques of analysis by using Panel Unit Root Tests and Co-integration analysis which is used to determine the long run relationship among economic variables.To test the co-integration relationship this study followed the system proposed by Pedroni(1991)who expands the Engle and Granger[9]two stage technique to heterogeneous board information structure.The study adopts annual time series secondary data for the period of 1986 to 2017.Balance of payment,Official Exchange Rate,Inflation rate(%),Balance of trade,Trade openness,Real Gross Domestic Product growth,and Term of Trade,all data used were obtained from the World Development Indicators.The findings of this study revealed that an increase in exchange rate,interest rate,inflation rate,and trade openness have negatively affect economic growth.Hence,changes or movements in these variables do not necessarily prompt the liberalization decision in the real sector.Therefore,the need to address balance of payment is important,in accordance with the low rate of development in Nigeria.We therefore,recommend that government should monitor both Fiscal and Monetary policies’variables that can significantly influence economic growth in Nigeria.That is,adequate balance of payment that can encourage appropriate financial liberalization should be put in place with,Official Exchange Rate,Inflation rate(%),Balance of trade,Trade openness.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12102392 and 12272341)the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.LQ21A020008).
文摘Kirigami,through introducing cuts into a thin sheet,can greatly improve the stretchability of structures and also generate complex patterns,showing potentials in various applications.Interestingly,even with the same cutting pattern,the mechanical response of kirigami metamaterials can exhibit significant differences depending on the cutting angles in respect to the loading direction.In this work,we investigate the structural deformation of kirigami metamaterials with square domains and varied cutting angles of 0°and 45°.We further introduce a second level of cutting on the basis of the first cutting pattern.By combining experiments and finite element simulations,it is found that,compared to the commonly used 0°cuts,the two-level kirigami metamaterials with 45°cuts exhibit a unique alternating arrangement phenomenon of expanded/unexpanded states in the loading process,which also results in distinct stress–strain response.Through tuning the cutting patterns of metamaterials with 45°cuts,precise control of the rotation of the kirigami unit is realized,leading to kirigami metamaterials with encryption properties.The current work demonstrates the programmability of structural deformation in hierarchical kirigami metamaterials through controlling the local cutting modes.
文摘Introduction:The therapeutic nurse patient relationship is viewed as central or foundational to the practice of nursing.Such relationship not only improve patients’physical and emotional state but also facilitate their adjustments to their illness,ease pain and can ultimately lead to a good health experience.Methodology:The pre experimental one group pre test post test study was undertaken to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge regarding therapeutic nurse-patient communication among the staff nurses working in SGT Hospital,Haryana.Total 30 study participants were selected by convenient sampling technique and Data were collected by using a structured knowledge questionnaire.Result:The findings of the study revealed that half of the participants 50%had average and poor knowledge regarding therapeutic nurse patient communication in the pre test.Similarly,the post test scores depicted that majority(63%)had average knowledge and 37%had good knowledge regarding therapeutic nurse patient communication.Most of the demographic variable was not significantly associated with level of pre knowledge of staff nurses regarding therapeutic nurse patient communication.Only staff nurses years of experience P=0.021 were found to statistically significant at 0.05 level of significance.There was significant difference between the knowledge of staff nurses before and after the implementation of structured teaching programme(t=11.844,P=0.0001).Conclusion:It was concluded that structured teaching programme was effective strategy which can help to increase their knowledge regarding therapeutic nurse patient communication.
基金the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22109021)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20200375)Jiangsu Shuangchuang Talent Program(JSSCBS20210100)。
文摘Four-dimensional printing allows for the transformation capabilities of 3D-printed architectures over time,altering their shape,properties,or function when exposed to external stimuli.This interdisciplinary technology endows the 3D architectures with unique functionalities,which has generated excitement in diverse research fields,such as soft robotics,biomimetics,biomedical devices,and sensors.Understanding the selection of the material,architectural designs,and employed stimuli is crucial to unlocking the potential of smart customization with 4D printing.This review summarizes recent significant developments in 4D printing and establishes links between smart materials,3D printing techniques,programmable structures,diversiform stimulus,and new functionalities for multidisciplinary applications.We start by introducing the advanced features of 4D printing and the key technological roadmap for its implementation.We then place considerable emphasis on printable smart materials and structural designs,as well as general approaches to designing programmable structures.We also review stimulus designs in smart materials and their associated stimulus-responsive mechanisms.Finally,we discuss new functionalities of 4D printing for potential applications and further development directions.
文摘The paper investigated the prospect of selected export crops in meeting the demand of emerging commodity and futures market in Nigeria within the context of a counterfactual model, The data covered about three decades （1973-2000）. The model was estimated to capture two economic policies in the period namely stabilization （1973-1985） before introduction of Structural Adjustment Programme （SAP） and liberalization policy （1986-2005） that followed SAP The results indicated positive divergence between factual and counterfactual trends for palm kernel, cocoa, coffee and rubber but neuative for groundnut after SAP
文摘The integration of the Czech Republic into the process of European space university education formation makes many demands on the higher education system--from creating new legislation and educational conception to changes in the study programme structure. With regard to the study programme structure, permeability and modular construction of the programme and the actual European Credit Transfer and Accumulation System （ECTS） implementation are some of requirements coming to the fore. The aim of this work is to present an analysis of bachelor study programme Applied Mathematics Structure at the University of Ostrava within the context of the above mentioned requirements.
文摘The objectives of this paper are to examine the nexus between financial liberalization,balance of payment and economic growth in Nigeria.The scope of this study due to data availability,especially on measures of balance of payment,covers the period of 1986-2017.This study adopts econometrics techniques of analysis by using Panel Unit Root Tests and Co-integration analysis which is used to determine the long run relationship among economic variables.To test the co-integration relationship this study followed the system proposed by Pedroni(1991)who expands the Engle and Granger[9]two stage technique to heterogeneous board information structure.The study adopts annual time series secondary data for the period of 1986 to 2017.Balance of payment,Official Exchange Rate,Inflation rate(%),Balance of trade,Trade openness,Real Gross Domestic Product growth,and Term of Trade,all data used were obtained from the World Development Indicators.The findings of this study revealed that an increase in exchange rate,interest rate,inflation rate,and trade openness have negatively affect economic growth.Hence,changes or movements in these variables do not necessarily prompt the liberalization decision in the real sector.Therefore,the need to address balance of payment is important,in accordance with the low rate of development in Nigeria.We therefore,recommend that government should monitor both Fiscal and Monetary policies’variables that can significantly influence economic growth in Nigeria.That is,adequate balance of payment that can encourage appropriate financial liberalization should be put in place with,Official Exchange Rate,Inflation rate(%),Balance of trade,Trade openness.
