Since the approval to establishment,the Changning-Weiyuan National Shale Gas Demonstration Area in the Sichuan Basin(hereinafter referred to as Demonstration Area)has been built up into a shale gas industry demonstrat...Since the approval to establishment,the Changning-Weiyuan National Shale Gas Demonstration Area in the Sichuan Basin(hereinafter referred to as Demonstration Area)has been built up into a shale gas industry demonstration base characterized with scale,technology,management and green after more than 10 years of exploration and practice.Its successful experience is of great guiding significance to the efficient development of unconventional oil and gas resources in China.In this paper,the technologies which were developed for the beneficial development of the Demonstration Area during the 13th Five-Year Plan are systematically reviewed and summarized.Then,some countermeasures are proposed to solve the difficulties and challenges to the long-term benefit and stable production of middle-deep shale gas in this area.And the following research results are obtained.First,during the construction of the Demonstration Area,the“three-control”shale gas enrichment and high-production theory is innovatively proposed,and the shale gas enrichment model in the southern Sichuan Basin is clarified.Second,a high-production well cultivation method based on geology-engineering integration is established by developing six main technologies for shale gas exploration and development,which effectively supports the large-scale beneficial development of shale gas in the Demonstration Area.Third,the beneficial development model of middle-deep shale gas in the southern Sichuan Basin is preliminarily formed,and the benefit and efficiency of productivity construction are improved comprehensively.Fourth,the three measures of“controlling the decline rate,enhancing the reserve production and expanding the periphery”are used to support the replacement and stable production of middle-deep shale gas.In conclusion,to sustainably ensure the long-term benefit and stable production of shale gas in the southern Sichuan Basin,it is still necessary to deepen fine reservoir description and complex mechanism understanding and explore EOR technologies.What’s more,the important mean to improve the single-well shale gas production rate in this area is to strengthen the fine fracturing design and implementation under the deep integration of geology and engineering and improve the construction quality of fracturing network continuously.Furthermore,the only way to the low-cost development of the demonstration area is to promote the management reform and innovation continuously and improve the beneficial development model further.展开更多
To develop characteristic and profitable agriculture was proposed in the 4th congress of party representatives in Chongqing, based on Chongqing practical development in major cities, rural regions, mountain regions, a...To develop characteristic and profitable agriculture was proposed in the 4th congress of party representatives in Chongqing, based on Chongqing practical development in major cities, rural regions, mountain regions, and poverty-stricken areas. It would be effective for sustainable development and farmers’ income improvement. However, some existing problems should be well considered, including special geographical locations, unsatisfied application of science and technology in agriculture, loss of young labors and aging issues. In the research, the existing problems in developing characteristic and profitable agriculture were analyzed and the corresponding strategies were proposed as well.展开更多
In the field of education, there is a need for a financing system which is affordable, yet effective, as well as profitable, and is based on user participation. This need was the main reason the author has designed th...In the field of education, there is a need for a financing system which is affordable, yet effective, as well as profitable, and is based on user participation. This need was the main reason the author has designed the model named ＂Insured Education System Model---IESM＂. The IESM is based on the principle that expenditures incurred at each stage of educational attainment should not be burdened upon the person himself/herself. There should be insurance companies willing to cover the educational expenditures of the buyers. The suggested IESM model also creates an auto-control mechanism within the financing system through which insurance companies, educational institutions （buyers）, and households will gain benefits. Furthermore, the IESM will increase the quality of service within the overall educational system, and create employment, as well as eliminating the number of school drop outs. The system will bring a significant decrease in the cost of the service. This study presents the results of the analyses on the data collected by the author on the perception of the proposed Insured Education System Models through surveys conducted in selected schools in Istanbul. The survey is unique in a sense that for the first time in literature such a model is suggested and the perception of relevant stake holders are tested through a questionnaire of 42 questions. The results show that there is an approval rate of more than 50% regarding to the IESM. And the frequency analysis suggests that the IESM is an applicable model.展开更多
The growing demands for red meats of people also present opportunities for fattening as well as improved markets for the animals. Beef production is a highly profitable venture with return of premium to the farmer. Th...The growing demands for red meats of people also present opportunities for fattening as well as improved markets for the animals. Beef production is a highly profitable venture with return of premium to the farmer. The large scale beef farming must be meet economic criteria for sustainable production. It consists of buying healthy stock, feeding and fattening them to optimum carcass weight, and selling them at any time of the year. They are handled in such a way that maximum growth is achieved at the lowest possible cost. The lifespan of operation is shorter and the return of investment is relatively higher. In beef farms which has very high genetic value of breeding animals cannot be get the expected performance without the use of technology and automation systems. Beef herd management programs if can be used as effectively, farming will have many advantages for consumer, farmer and also animals. However, to obtain these advantages from this system, required to have knowledge of the functions and effective use of the functions. The large amount of data in the obtained on many issues related to animals, herd management and an individual unless used in decisions about animals, ensuring the heavy data flow, record keeping or assessment will not give the expected results. In this study, it has been aiming that the examined the technologic applications at beef farms for sustainable and profitable meat production.展开更多
The biggest problem in the world as well as in Turkey is to increase efficiency of human capital, which can only be achieved by educating all people in accordance with their capacities and demands. And, the biggest pr...The biggest problem in the world as well as in Turkey is to increase efficiency of human capital, which can only be achieved by educating all people in accordance with their capacities and demands. And, the biggest problem in education is finance. In order for everybody to have education, there is a need to develop a finance system which will help overcome the financial problems faced by households or individuals. For this purpose, the participatory, payable, profitable, and potent （4p＇s） insured education system model （IESM） is developed. This paper focuses on principles of the IESM and the analyses of frequency and variance by categories （one-way ANOVA）.展开更多
Since 1995, major domestic commercial banks are beginning to have a variety of credit cards issued. However, at present, China＇s relatively low profitability of the credit card business, it accounts for a smaller pro...Since 1995, major domestic commercial banks are beginning to have a variety of credit cards issued. However, at present, China＇s relatively low profitability of the credit card business, it accounts for a smaller proportion of total bank income. By means of credit card revenue／cost structure analysis, the authors found spending and overdraft balances affecting credit card business, an important factor in profitability. At the same time, combined with a commercial bank＇s existing statistical data, using SPSS software correlation and regression analysis, the authors found that the key to improve the bank card revenue is to raise China＇s commercial banks, credit card revolving credit utilization, and expand the scale of overdraft balances.展开更多
China’s modern corporate system fuels sustainable growth by merging profit-driven innovation with social responsibility,turning rural villages into prosperous microcosms of equitable development.
This study analyzes the impact of profitability,firm size,and capital structure on firm value within the manufacturing sector.Utilizing a descriptive literature-based method,this research synthesizes various findings ...This study analyzes the impact of profitability,firm size,and capital structure on firm value within the manufacturing sector.Utilizing a descriptive literature-based method,this research synthesizes various findings from previous studies to provide a comprehensive overview of the relationships among these variables.Profitability,often measured by Return on Assets(ROA)or Return on Equity(ROE),is expected to have a positive relationship with firm value as it reflects a company’s ability to generate profits.Firm size,measured by total assets or the logarithm of sales,is also assumed to influence firm value,both through economies of scale and better access to capital markets.Meanwhile,capital structure,measured by Debt to Equity Ratio(DER)or Debt to Asset Ratio(DAR),has a complex impact;while debt can enhance firm value through tax shields,excessive debt levels can increase financial risk and potentially decrease firm value.The synthesis of literature indicates a general consensus on the importance of profitability and firm size in shaping firm value,though there is variation in the significance and direction of the relationship for capital structure variables.This study provides important implications for company managers and investors in making strategic decisions related to resource allocation and selecting an optimal capital structure to enhance firm value.展开更多
For the first time in the last three years, China’s listed companies reported lower profit growth By October 31, most of the companies listed in China’s A-share market had published their performance for the ...For the first time in the last three years, China’s listed companies reported lower profit growth By October 31, most of the companies listed in China’s A-share market had published their performance for the third quarter. Reports or corporate展开更多
This essay evaluates the behavioural dynamics generated by profit incentives and compares them with those in government-owned and charitable enterprises.Drawing on neoclassical microeconomics,agency theory,and institu...This essay evaluates the behavioural dynamics generated by profit incentives and compares them with those in government-owned and charitable enterprises.Drawing on neoclassical microeconomics,agency theory,and institutional economics,it shows how the profit motive drives cost minimization,allocative efficiency,innovation,and consumer responsiveness.Profit expectations,formalized in endogenous growth models,act as catalysts for technological progress and dynamic efficiency,while agency-theoretic governance mechanisms align managerial incentives with shareholder interests.In contrast,government-owned enterprises operate under multi-objective welfare functions,often constrained by soft budget expectations,political interference,and X-inefficiencies that dilute efficiency.Charitable organizations,structured by the non-distribution constraint,emphasize social trust,equity,and mission fulfilment,supported by warm-glow altruism but constrained by free-rider problems and underfunding.A comparative evaluation suggests that profit-driven firms outperform in competitive markets producing private goods,whereas government and charitable forms play essential roles in addressing market failures and providing public or credence goods.The analysis affirms the institutionalist principle that ownership and governance structures must be aligned with the nature of the goods or services delivered.展开更多
The expansion of renewable energy sources(RESs)in European Union countries has given rise to the development of Renewable Energy Communities(RECs),which aremade up of locally generated energy by these RESs controlled ...The expansion of renewable energy sources(RESs)in European Union countries has given rise to the development of Renewable Energy Communities(RECs),which aremade up of locally generated energy by these RESs controlled by individuals,businesses,enterprises,and public administrations.There are several advantages for creating these RECs and participating in them,which include social,environmental,and financial.Nonetheless,according to the Renewable Energy Directive(RED II),the idea of RECs has given opportunities for researchers to investigate the behavior from all aspects.These RECs are characterized by energy fluxes corresponding to self-consumption,energy sales,and energy sharing.Our work focuses on amathematical time-dependentmodel on an hourly basis that considers the optimization of photovoltaic-based RECs tomaximize profit based on the number of prosumers and consumers,as well as the impact of load profiles on the community’s technical and financial aspects usingMATLAB software.In this work,REC’s users can install their plant and become prosumers or vice versa,and users could change their consumption habits until the optimumconfiguration of REC is obtained.Moreover,this work also focuses on the financial analysis of the plant by comparing the Net Present Value(NPV)as a function of plant size,highlighting the advantage of creating a REC.Numerical results have been obtained investigating the case studies of RECs as per the Italian framework,which shows an optimal distribution of prosumers and consumers and an optimal load profile in which the maximum profitability is obtained.Optimization has been performed by considering different load profiles.Moreover,starting from the optimized configurations,an analysis based on the plant size is also made to maximize the NPV.This work has shown positive outcomes and would be helpful for the researchers and stakeholders while designing the RECs.展开更多
Maize value-added products play a crucial role in reducing post-harvest losses, enhancing food security, and generating income. While extensive research has focused on maize production in Cameroon, the exploration of ...Maize value-added products play a crucial role in reducing post-harvest losses, enhancing food security, and generating income. While extensive research has focused on maize production in Cameroon, the exploration of its value-added products and their profitability in the North-West Region remains underexplored. This study examined the profitability of maize value-added products in Mezam Division, with the objectives to: 1) identify various maize-based products, 2) assess the diversity of these products, 3) conduct a cost-benefit analysis of selected products, 4) examine the relationship between profitability and product diversity, and 5) identify key constraints impacting profitability. To achieve these objectives, structured questionnaires were administered to 500 small-scale maize entrepreneurs randomly selected from five subdivisions. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze objective 1 and 5, while the Shannon Diversity Index was employed to assess product diversity. Additionally, a cost-benefit analysis was conducted on four selected products namely pap, parched corn, peeled parboiled corn, and corn beer, and a correlation analysis was used to examine objective 4. In total, 13 maize value-added products were identified, with a diversity index of 4.4. The total cost of processing the four selected products per entrepreneur using 18 kg of maize per product was FCFA 83631.5 (US $132.75), while the total revenue was FCFA 121864.5 (US $193.43), resulting in an economic profit of FCFA 38,233 (US $60.69). Pap emerged as the most profitable product, with an economic profit of FCFA 27,875 (US $44.24), while corn beer was the least profitable, with an economic profit of FCFA 2133.46 (US $3.39). The correlation analysis revealed a strong negative relationship between product diversity and profitability (r = −0.91), indicating that entrepreneurs can maximize profitability by focusing on a few high-demand products like pap and parched corn. Key constraints to profitability included fluctuating market prices, high production costs, limited access to finance, and inadequate storage facilities. Despite these challenges, our findings indicate that maize value addition is profitable in Mezam Division. Entrepreneurs can leverage this data for informed decision-making and future investments. It is recommended that the government promote maize value addition and provide financial support for modern processing equipment to boost profitability and income generation.展开更多
On January 3:Hubei Xianhe New Materials Co.,Ltd.Phase I project was officially put into production,with a total investment of 10 billion CNY and a planned pulp and paper production capacity of 2.5 million tons per yea...On January 3:Hubei Xianhe New Materials Co.,Ltd.Phase I project was officially put into production,with a total investment of 10 billion CNY and a planned pulp and paper production capacity of 2.5 million tons per year.On January 10:The pulp and paper project of Huatai Group is accelerating construction.With a total investment of 10.2 billion CNY,after completion,Huatai's newsprint production capacity will be reduced from 1.4 million tons per year to 400000 tons per year,while cultural paper capacity will increase from 100000 tons per yeart to 1.6 million tons per year,achieving annual sales revenue of 19 billion CNY and profits and taxes of 3.2 billion CNY.展开更多
Lianfa Textile(002394) was founded in 1955. After decades of hard work, it has gradually grown into a large-scale textile enterprise with operations ranging from cotton processing to garment production. Its business c...Lianfa Textile(002394) was founded in 1955. After decades of hard work, it has gradually grown into a large-scale textile enterprise with operations ranging from cotton processing to garment production. Its business covers cotton spinning, yarndyed weaving, printing and dyeing, home textiles, knitting, clothing, brands, trade, logistics and new energy, among others. The company's main products include six series: yarn, yarn-dyed fabrics, printed and dyed fabrics, home textile fabrics and clothing.展开更多
Under the impetus of the“Dual Credit”policy,traditional fuel vehicle manufacturers are confronted with significant pressure to meet new energy vehicle credit requirements.To address this challenge,these manufacturer...Under the impetus of the“Dual Credit”policy,traditional fuel vehicle manufacturers are confronted with significant pressure to meet new energy vehicle credit requirements.To address this challenge,these manufacturers are increasingly adopting the Original Design Manufacturer(ODM)strategy to collaborate with new energy vehicle enterprises,thereby acquiring credits and expanding their market presence.However,this strategic approach not only intensifies competition between new energy and traditional fuel vehicle markets but also reshapes the profit distribution between the two types of firms.Drawing upon the framework of the Dual Credit policy,this study establishes a Cournot game model to examine the strategic interactions between traditional fuel vehicle manufacturers and new energy vehicle producers.It further investigates the optimal production decisions under the ODM strategy and evaluates their implications for market dynamics and corporate profitability.The findings reveal that,although the ODM strategy heightens market competition,it leads to substantial profit improvements for both types of manufacturers compared to the alternative of directly purchasing credits,while also fostering the growth of the new energy vehicle sector.Moreover,the Case study demonstrates micro-level impact of the dual credit policy on enterprises’response strategies,offering valuable insights for policymakers and industry decision-makers.展开更多
基金supported by the National Major Science and Technology Project“Changning-Weiyuan shale gas development demonstration project”(No.2016ZX05062)the Major Science and Technology Project of PetroChina Company Limited“Research and application of key technologies for producing 30 billion cubic meters of natural gas in Southwest Oil and Gas Field”(No.2016E-0611).
文摘Since the approval to establishment,the Changning-Weiyuan National Shale Gas Demonstration Area in the Sichuan Basin(hereinafter referred to as Demonstration Area)has been built up into a shale gas industry demonstration base characterized with scale,technology,management and green after more than 10 years of exploration and practice.Its successful experience is of great guiding significance to the efficient development of unconventional oil and gas resources in China.In this paper,the technologies which were developed for the beneficial development of the Demonstration Area during the 13th Five-Year Plan are systematically reviewed and summarized.Then,some countermeasures are proposed to solve the difficulties and challenges to the long-term benefit and stable production of middle-deep shale gas in this area.And the following research results are obtained.First,during the construction of the Demonstration Area,the“three-control”shale gas enrichment and high-production theory is innovatively proposed,and the shale gas enrichment model in the southern Sichuan Basin is clarified.Second,a high-production well cultivation method based on geology-engineering integration is established by developing six main technologies for shale gas exploration and development,which effectively supports the large-scale beneficial development of shale gas in the Demonstration Area.Third,the beneficial development model of middle-deep shale gas in the southern Sichuan Basin is preliminarily formed,and the benefit and efficiency of productivity construction are improved comprehensively.Fourth,the three measures of“controlling the decline rate,enhancing the reserve production and expanding the periphery”are used to support the replacement and stable production of middle-deep shale gas.In conclusion,to sustainably ensure the long-term benefit and stable production of shale gas in the southern Sichuan Basin,it is still necessary to deepen fine reservoir description and complex mechanism understanding and explore EOR technologies.What’s more,the important mean to improve the single-well shale gas production rate in this area is to strengthen the fine fracturing design and implementation under the deep integration of geology and engineering and improve the construction quality of fracturing network continuously.Furthermore,the only way to the low-cost development of the demonstration area is to promote the management reform and innovation continuously and improve the beneficial development model further.
基金Supported by National Modern Agriculture Industrial Technology System(CARS-09)Chongqing Natural Science Foundation(csct2012jjA80042)+1 种基金Highly-efficient Production Technology Research and Demonstration in Rice Field-upland Field Rotation at Scale(201303129)Integration and Demonstration of Cultivation and Supporting Technology of Rare Black Soybeans or Mung Beans(YCSTC,2012AC1006)~~
文摘To develop characteristic and profitable agriculture was proposed in the 4th congress of party representatives in Chongqing, based on Chongqing practical development in major cities, rural regions, mountain regions, and poverty-stricken areas. It would be effective for sustainable development and farmers’ income improvement. However, some existing problems should be well considered, including special geographical locations, unsatisfied application of science and technology in agriculture, loss of young labors and aging issues. In the research, the existing problems in developing characteristic and profitable agriculture were analyzed and the corresponding strategies were proposed as well.
文摘In the field of education, there is a need for a financing system which is affordable, yet effective, as well as profitable, and is based on user participation. This need was the main reason the author has designed the model named ＂Insured Education System Model---IESM＂. The IESM is based on the principle that expenditures incurred at each stage of educational attainment should not be burdened upon the person himself/herself. There should be insurance companies willing to cover the educational expenditures of the buyers. The suggested IESM model also creates an auto-control mechanism within the financing system through which insurance companies, educational institutions （buyers）, and households will gain benefits. Furthermore, the IESM will increase the quality of service within the overall educational system, and create employment, as well as eliminating the number of school drop outs. The system will bring a significant decrease in the cost of the service. This study presents the results of the analyses on the data collected by the author on the perception of the proposed Insured Education System Models through surveys conducted in selected schools in Istanbul. The survey is unique in a sense that for the first time in literature such a model is suggested and the perception of relevant stake holders are tested through a questionnaire of 42 questions. The results show that there is an approval rate of more than 50% regarding to the IESM. And the frequency analysis suggests that the IESM is an applicable model.
文摘The growing demands for red meats of people also present opportunities for fattening as well as improved markets for the animals. Beef production is a highly profitable venture with return of premium to the farmer. The large scale beef farming must be meet economic criteria for sustainable production. It consists of buying healthy stock, feeding and fattening them to optimum carcass weight, and selling them at any time of the year. They are handled in such a way that maximum growth is achieved at the lowest possible cost. The lifespan of operation is shorter and the return of investment is relatively higher. In beef farms which has very high genetic value of breeding animals cannot be get the expected performance without the use of technology and automation systems. Beef herd management programs if can be used as effectively, farming will have many advantages for consumer, farmer and also animals. However, to obtain these advantages from this system, required to have knowledge of the functions and effective use of the functions. The large amount of data in the obtained on many issues related to animals, herd management and an individual unless used in decisions about animals, ensuring the heavy data flow, record keeping or assessment will not give the expected results. In this study, it has been aiming that the examined the technologic applications at beef farms for sustainable and profitable meat production.
文摘The biggest problem in the world as well as in Turkey is to increase efficiency of human capital, which can only be achieved by educating all people in accordance with their capacities and demands. And, the biggest problem in education is finance. In order for everybody to have education, there is a need to develop a finance system which will help overcome the financial problems faced by households or individuals. For this purpose, the participatory, payable, profitable, and potent （4p＇s） insured education system model （IESM） is developed. This paper focuses on principles of the IESM and the analyses of frequency and variance by categories （one-way ANOVA）.
文摘Since 1995, major domestic commercial banks are beginning to have a variety of credit cards issued. However, at present, China＇s relatively low profitability of the credit card business, it accounts for a smaller proportion of total bank income. By means of credit card revenue／cost structure analysis, the authors found spending and overdraft balances affecting credit card business, an important factor in profitability. At the same time, combined with a commercial bank＇s existing statistical data, using SPSS software correlation and regression analysis, the authors found that the key to improve the bank card revenue is to raise China＇s commercial banks, credit card revolving credit utilization, and expand the scale of overdraft balances.
文摘China’s modern corporate system fuels sustainable growth by merging profit-driven innovation with social responsibility,turning rural villages into prosperous microcosms of equitable development.
文摘This study analyzes the impact of profitability,firm size,and capital structure on firm value within the manufacturing sector.Utilizing a descriptive literature-based method,this research synthesizes various findings from previous studies to provide a comprehensive overview of the relationships among these variables.Profitability,often measured by Return on Assets(ROA)or Return on Equity(ROE),is expected to have a positive relationship with firm value as it reflects a company’s ability to generate profits.Firm size,measured by total assets or the logarithm of sales,is also assumed to influence firm value,both through economies of scale and better access to capital markets.Meanwhile,capital structure,measured by Debt to Equity Ratio(DER)or Debt to Asset Ratio(DAR),has a complex impact;while debt can enhance firm value through tax shields,excessive debt levels can increase financial risk and potentially decrease firm value.The synthesis of literature indicates a general consensus on the importance of profitability and firm size in shaping firm value,though there is variation in the significance and direction of the relationship for capital structure variables.This study provides important implications for company managers and investors in making strategic decisions related to resource allocation and selecting an optimal capital structure to enhance firm value.
文摘For the first time in the last three years, China’s listed companies reported lower profit growth By October 31, most of the companies listed in China’s A-share market had published their performance for the third quarter. Reports or corporate
文摘This essay evaluates the behavioural dynamics generated by profit incentives and compares them with those in government-owned and charitable enterprises.Drawing on neoclassical microeconomics,agency theory,and institutional economics,it shows how the profit motive drives cost minimization,allocative efficiency,innovation,and consumer responsiveness.Profit expectations,formalized in endogenous growth models,act as catalysts for technological progress and dynamic efficiency,while agency-theoretic governance mechanisms align managerial incentives with shareholder interests.In contrast,government-owned enterprises operate under multi-objective welfare functions,often constrained by soft budget expectations,political interference,and X-inefficiencies that dilute efficiency.Charitable organizations,structured by the non-distribution constraint,emphasize social trust,equity,and mission fulfilment,supported by warm-glow altruism but constrained by free-rider problems and underfunding.A comparative evaluation suggests that profit-driven firms outperform in competitive markets producing private goods,whereas government and charitable forms play essential roles in addressing market failures and providing public or credence goods.The analysis affirms the institutionalist principle that ownership and governance structures must be aligned with the nature of the goods or services delivered.
文摘The expansion of renewable energy sources(RESs)in European Union countries has given rise to the development of Renewable Energy Communities(RECs),which aremade up of locally generated energy by these RESs controlled by individuals,businesses,enterprises,and public administrations.There are several advantages for creating these RECs and participating in them,which include social,environmental,and financial.Nonetheless,according to the Renewable Energy Directive(RED II),the idea of RECs has given opportunities for researchers to investigate the behavior from all aspects.These RECs are characterized by energy fluxes corresponding to self-consumption,energy sales,and energy sharing.Our work focuses on amathematical time-dependentmodel on an hourly basis that considers the optimization of photovoltaic-based RECs tomaximize profit based on the number of prosumers and consumers,as well as the impact of load profiles on the community’s technical and financial aspects usingMATLAB software.In this work,REC’s users can install their plant and become prosumers or vice versa,and users could change their consumption habits until the optimumconfiguration of REC is obtained.Moreover,this work also focuses on the financial analysis of the plant by comparing the Net Present Value(NPV)as a function of plant size,highlighting the advantage of creating a REC.Numerical results have been obtained investigating the case studies of RECs as per the Italian framework,which shows an optimal distribution of prosumers and consumers and an optimal load profile in which the maximum profitability is obtained.Optimization has been performed by considering different load profiles.Moreover,starting from the optimized configurations,an analysis based on the plant size is also made to maximize the NPV.This work has shown positive outcomes and would be helpful for the researchers and stakeholders while designing the RECs.
文摘Maize value-added products play a crucial role in reducing post-harvest losses, enhancing food security, and generating income. While extensive research has focused on maize production in Cameroon, the exploration of its value-added products and their profitability in the North-West Region remains underexplored. This study examined the profitability of maize value-added products in Mezam Division, with the objectives to: 1) identify various maize-based products, 2) assess the diversity of these products, 3) conduct a cost-benefit analysis of selected products, 4) examine the relationship between profitability and product diversity, and 5) identify key constraints impacting profitability. To achieve these objectives, structured questionnaires were administered to 500 small-scale maize entrepreneurs randomly selected from five subdivisions. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze objective 1 and 5, while the Shannon Diversity Index was employed to assess product diversity. Additionally, a cost-benefit analysis was conducted on four selected products namely pap, parched corn, peeled parboiled corn, and corn beer, and a correlation analysis was used to examine objective 4. In total, 13 maize value-added products were identified, with a diversity index of 4.4. The total cost of processing the four selected products per entrepreneur using 18 kg of maize per product was FCFA 83631.5 (US $132.75), while the total revenue was FCFA 121864.5 (US $193.43), resulting in an economic profit of FCFA 38,233 (US $60.69). Pap emerged as the most profitable product, with an economic profit of FCFA 27,875 (US $44.24), while corn beer was the least profitable, with an economic profit of FCFA 2133.46 (US $3.39). The correlation analysis revealed a strong negative relationship between product diversity and profitability (r = −0.91), indicating that entrepreneurs can maximize profitability by focusing on a few high-demand products like pap and parched corn. Key constraints to profitability included fluctuating market prices, high production costs, limited access to finance, and inadequate storage facilities. Despite these challenges, our findings indicate that maize value addition is profitable in Mezam Division. Entrepreneurs can leverage this data for informed decision-making and future investments. It is recommended that the government promote maize value addition and provide financial support for modern processing equipment to boost profitability and income generation.
文摘On January 3:Hubei Xianhe New Materials Co.,Ltd.Phase I project was officially put into production,with a total investment of 10 billion CNY and a planned pulp and paper production capacity of 2.5 million tons per year.On January 10:The pulp and paper project of Huatai Group is accelerating construction.With a total investment of 10.2 billion CNY,after completion,Huatai's newsprint production capacity will be reduced from 1.4 million tons per year to 400000 tons per year,while cultural paper capacity will increase from 100000 tons per yeart to 1.6 million tons per year,achieving annual sales revenue of 19 billion CNY and profits and taxes of 3.2 billion CNY.
文摘Lianfa Textile(002394) was founded in 1955. After decades of hard work, it has gradually grown into a large-scale textile enterprise with operations ranging from cotton processing to garment production. Its business covers cotton spinning, yarndyed weaving, printing and dyeing, home textiles, knitting, clothing, brands, trade, logistics and new energy, among others. The company's main products include six series: yarn, yarn-dyed fabrics, printed and dyed fabrics, home textile fabrics and clothing.
文摘Under the impetus of the“Dual Credit”policy,traditional fuel vehicle manufacturers are confronted with significant pressure to meet new energy vehicle credit requirements.To address this challenge,these manufacturers are increasingly adopting the Original Design Manufacturer(ODM)strategy to collaborate with new energy vehicle enterprises,thereby acquiring credits and expanding their market presence.However,this strategic approach not only intensifies competition between new energy and traditional fuel vehicle markets but also reshapes the profit distribution between the two types of firms.Drawing upon the framework of the Dual Credit policy,this study establishes a Cournot game model to examine the strategic interactions between traditional fuel vehicle manufacturers and new energy vehicle producers.It further investigates the optimal production decisions under the ODM strategy and evaluates their implications for market dynamics and corporate profitability.The findings reveal that,although the ODM strategy heightens market competition,it leads to substantial profit improvements for both types of manufacturers compared to the alternative of directly purchasing credits,while also fostering the growth of the new energy vehicle sector.Moreover,the Case study demonstrates micro-level impact of the dual credit policy on enterprises’response strategies,offering valuable insights for policymakers and industry decision-makers.
