In-depth study of the components of polymyxins is the key to controlling the quality of this class of antibiotics.Similarities and variations of components present significant analytical challenges.A two-dimensional(2...In-depth study of the components of polymyxins is the key to controlling the quality of this class of antibiotics.Similarities and variations of components present significant analytical challenges.A two-dimensional(2D)liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS)method was established for screening and comprehensive profiling of compositions of the antibiotic colistimethate sodium(CMS).A high concentration of phosphate buffer mobile phase was used in the first-dimensional LC system to get the components well separated.For efficient and high-accuracy screening of CMS,a targeted method based on a self-constructed high resolution(HR)mass spectrum database of CMS components was established.The database was built based on the commercial MassHunter Personal Compound Database and Library(PCDL)software and its accuracy of the compound matching result was verified with six known components before being applied to genuine sample screening.On this basis,the unknown peaks in the CMS chromatograms were deduced and assigned.The molecular formula,group composition,and origins of a total of 99 compounds,of which the combined area percentage accounted for more than 95%of CMS components,were deduced by this 2D-LC-MS method combined with the MassHunter PCDL.This profiling method was highly efficient and could distinguish hundreds of components within 3 h,providing reliable results for quality control of this kind of complex drugs.展开更多
Bigeye tuna is a protein-rich fish that is susceptible to spoilage during cold storage,however,there is limited information on untargeted metabolomic profiling of bigeye tuna concerning spoilage-associated enzymes and...Bigeye tuna is a protein-rich fish that is susceptible to spoilage during cold storage,however,there is limited information on untargeted metabolomic profiling of bigeye tuna concerning spoilage-associated enzymes and metabolites.This study aimed to investigate how cold storage affects enzyme activities,nutrient composition,tissue microstructures and spoilage metabolites of bigeye tuna.The activities of cathepsins B,H,L increased,while Na^(+)/K^(+)-ATPase and Mg^(2+)-ATPase decreased,α-glucosidase,lipase and lipoxygenase first increased and then decreased during cold storage,suggesting that proteins undergo degradation and ATP metabolism occurs at a faster rate during cold storage.Nutrient composition(moisture and lipid content),total amino acids decreased,suggesting that the nutritional value of bigeye tuna was reduced.Besides,a logistic regression equation has been established as a food analysis tool and assesses the dynamics and correlation of the enzyme of bigeye tuna during cold storage.Based on untargeted metabolomic profiling analysis,a total of 524 metabolites were identified in the bigeye tuna contained several spoilage metabolites involved in lipid metabolism(glycerophosphocholine and choline phosphate),amino acid metabolism(L-histidine,5-deoxy-5′-(methylthio)adenosine,5-methylthioadenosine),carbohydrate metabolism(D-gluconic acid,α-D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate,D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate).The results of tissue microstructures of tuna showed a looser network and visible deterioration of tissue fiber during cold storage.Therefore,metabolomic analysis and tissue microstructures provide insight into the spoilage mechanism investigations on bigeye tuna during cold storage.展开更多
Pigeons and certain other avian species produce a milklike secretion in their crop sacs to nourish offspring,yet the detailed processes involved are not fully elucidated.This study investigated the crop sacs of 225-da...Pigeons and certain other avian species produce a milklike secretion in their crop sacs to nourish offspring,yet the detailed processes involved are not fully elucidated.This study investigated the crop sacs of 225-day-old unpaired non-lactating male pigeons(MN)and males initiating lactation on the first day after incubation(ML).Using RNA sequencing,ribosomeprofiling,andsingle-cell transcriptome sequencing(scRNA-seq),we identified a significant up-regulation of genes associated with ribosome assembly and protein synthesis in ML compared to MN.Results from scRNA-seq analysis identified 12distinct cell types and 22 clusters,with secretory epithelial cells(SECs)exhibiting marked expression of plasma cell markers,including IGLL1 and MZB1.RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization(RNA FISH)and IgY quantification confirmed the critical role of SECs in producing endogenous IgY during lactation.We propose that fibroblast-derived BAFF signals activate SECs,mimicking B cell transformation and enhancing protein production through the unfolded protein response(UPR).These findings shed light on the cellular dynamics of pigeon milk production and contribute to a broader understanding of avian biology.展开更多
Objective:While immunotherapy holds great potential for triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC),the lack of non-invasive biomarkers to identify beneficiaries limits the application.Methods:Paired baseline,on-treatment,and...Objective:While immunotherapy holds great potential for triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC),the lack of non-invasive biomarkers to identify beneficiaries limits the application.Methods:Paired baseline,on-treatment,and post-treatment plasma samples were collected from 195 TNBC patients receiving anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in this retrospective study conducted at the Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center(FUSCC)for sequential high-precision proteomic profiling.Results:ARG1,NOS3,and CD28 were identified as plasma proteins significantly associated with the response to immunotherapy in neoadjuvant settings or in advanced stages of TNBC.Matched single-cell RNA sequencing data were incorporated to correlate peripheral plasma with the tumor microenvironment.Furthermore,the Plasma Immuno Prediction Score was developed to demonstrate significant predictive power for evaluating the efficacy and prognosis of patients undergoing neoadjuvant immunotherapy.Conclusions:The results underscore the importance of systemic immunity in the immunotherapy response and support the use of plasma protein profiles as a feasible tool for enhancing personalized management of immunotherapy in breast cancer.展开更多
Objectives:Despite the considerable regenerative capacity exhibited by adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells(ASCs),their genetic and molecular mechanisms remain incompletely understood.Methods:In this study,we analyz...Objectives:Despite the considerable regenerative capacity exhibited by adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells(ASCs),their genetic and molecular mechanisms remain incompletely understood.Methods:In this study,we analyzed the global gene expression profile of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells(ASCs)using microarray analysis and compared it with stromal vascular fraction(SVF)cells.Results:Microarray analysis revealed that ASCs express elevated levels of genes related to the extracellular matrix(ECM;extracellular matrix)and collagen,which are critical components of tissue remodeling and wound healing.Additionally,genes associated with cell growth,differentiation,motility,and plasticity were highly expressed.When compared to stromal vascular fraction(SVF)cells,ASCs demonstrated enrichment of genes involved in anti-inflammatory responses,immune modulation,tissue repair,cell adhesion,and migration processes.Gene Set Enrichment Analysis(GSEA;Gene Set Enrichment Analysis)showed activation of pathways related to angiogenesis,such as vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF),Integrin,Wnt signaling pathways,transforming growth factor-beta(TGF-β),extracellular matrix(ECM),and matrix metalloproteinase(MMP),highlighting the significant angiogenic potential of ASCs.Gene Ontology(GO;Gene Ontology)analysis further linked ASCs to biological processes associated with the regulation of cell proliferation and muscle cell differentiation.Conclusion:These findings collectively underscore the suitability of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells(ASCs)as a promising candidate for regenerative medicine,particularly in applications involving tissue repair,immune modulation,and promotion of angiogenesis.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the quality of Lygodium japonicum(Thunb.)Sw.(L.japonicum,Hai Jin Sha)by comparing its components without stewed(W)and stewed(S)using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography(UHPLC)and chemome...Objective:To evaluate the quality of Lygodium japonicum(Thunb.)Sw.(L.japonicum,Hai Jin Sha)by comparing its components without stewed(W)and stewed(S)using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography(UHPLC)and chemometric analysis.Additionally,network pharmacology was employed to investigate the possible mechanisms of action of L.japonicum in the urinary calculi(UC)treatment.Methods:A fingerprinting method was established to identify components through UHPLC-tandem mass spectrometry.Chemometric techniques were used to compare the L.japonicum extraction methods.Furthermore,various network pharmacological approaches were used to identify and analyze the potential targets of the identified components in relation to UC.Results:The W and S extracts were distributed into two distinct clusters.Significant differences in the levels of protocatechuic aldehyde,caffeic acid,and p-coumaric acid were observed between S and W.Network pharmacology analysis revealed that the primary targets of L.japonicum in the UC treatment were serum albumin and epidermal growth factor receptors,with potential active components including protocatechuic acid and caffeic acid.Conclusion:This study comprehensively examined the therapeutic components of L.japonicum before and after boiling,shedding light on its potential mechanisms of action in UC treatment.These findings offer valuable insights into the development and utilization of L.japonicum resources.展开更多
Lynch syndrome(LS)is the most common hereditary colorectal cancer(CRC)predisposition syndrome,characterized by a high mutational burden and microsatellite instability-high(MSI-H)tumors.Immunology of LS-associated CRC(...Lynch syndrome(LS)is the most common hereditary colorectal cancer(CRC)predisposition syndrome,characterized by a high mutational burden and microsatellite instability-high(MSI-H)tumors.Immunology of LS-associated CRC(LS-CRC)is unique,with significant implications for treatment.Despite well-established knowledge of LS immunology,immunotherapy dose and treatment response can vary significantly based on local tumor immunity and specific germline pathogenic variant of LS genes.This variability necessitates tailored surveillance strategies and new personalised immunotherapy approaches for LS patients.LS-CRC often benefits from immunotherapy due to the distinct tumor microenvironment(TME)and the variety of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes(TILs).This perspective discusses a novel approach of analysing spatial TILs at a single-cell level using tumor whole slide images(WSIs)that accounts for the distinct TME of LS-CRC.By emphasizing the necessity of personalized medicine in hereditary cancer syndromes,the future research and clinical practices that enhance patient outcomes through precision oncology is inspired.展开更多
Objectives:This study aimed to explore the effectiveness and advantages of an“Internet+”nursing model based on user profilingin the rehabilitation of postoperative breast cancer patients.Methods:Breast cancer patien...Objectives:This study aimed to explore the effectiveness and advantages of an“Internet+”nursing model based on user profilingin the rehabilitation of postoperative breast cancer patients.Methods:Breast cancer patients admitted to the hospital from July 2023 to September 2024 were enrolled.These patients were randomly assigned to a control group and an intervention group,with 52 patients in each group.The control group received routine nursing care,while the intervention group received an“Internet+”nursing intervention based on user profilingin addition to routine care.The intervention period lasted for one month following discharge.Before and one month after the intervention,the Fear of Progression Questionnaire-Short Form(FOP-Q-SF),the Fear of Cancer Recurrence Inventory-Short Form(FCRI-SF),Chinese Posttraumatic Growth Inventory(C-PTGI),and the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast(FACT-B)were applied to assess the effects of interventions.Results:A total of 104 patients were analyzed.After the intervention,FOP-Q-SF and FCRI-SF scores were significantlylower in the intervention group compared to the control group,with statistical significance(t=3.98,P<0.001;t=-7.59,P<0.001),and Cohen’s d of 0.781 and 1.49,respectively.Additionally,CPTGI and FACT-B scores in the intervention group were significantly higher than those in the control group(t=-6.534,P<0.001;t=-4.579,P<0.001),with Cohen’s d of 0.585 and 0.656.Conclusions:An“Internet+”nursing model based on user profilingcould reduce postoperative breast cancer patients fear of disease progression and cancer recurrence,also enhancing posttraumatic growth and overall quality of life.展开更多
The current study conducted the psychological capital profiles and the relation between profile memberships and learning burnout among undergraduates.Participants were 541 Chinese undergraduates ranging from 18 to 21 ...The current study conducted the psychological capital profiles and the relation between profile memberships and learning burnout among undergraduates.Participants were 541 Chinese undergraduates ranging from 18 to 21 years old(48.2%male;Mean years=19.54,SD=1.09 years).Latent profile analysis revealed three categories of psychological capital profile consistent high psychological capital profile(50.5%),consistent low psychological capital profile(38.1%),and dominate loss-orientated psychological capital profile(11.4%).The undergraduates in consistent high profile reported high self-efficacy,resilience,hope,and optimism.Consistent low profile characterized by a little low(~0.50 SD below the M)self-efficacy,resilience,hope,and optimism.Dominant loss-orientated profile displayed low self-efficacy,hope,optimism,but a little relatively high resilience.Specifically,undergraduates in consistent high profile exhibited low level of learning burnout;while undergraduates with low level of psychological capital(i.e.,consistent low profile and dominate loss-orientated profile)reported high level of learning burnout.The findings have theoretical significance which provides important knowledge about psychological capital profile among Chinese undergraduates.They have practical implications for student counselling and development providing person-centric support to students based on their individual psychological profiles.展开更多
Profiling the protein composition of bacteria is essential for understanding their biology,physiology and interaction with environment.Mass spectrometry has become a pivotal tool for protein analysis,facilitating the ...Profiling the protein composition of bacteria is essential for understanding their biology,physiology and interaction with environment.Mass spectrometry has become a pivotal tool for protein analysis,facilitating the examination of expression levels,molecular masses and structural modifications.In this study,we compared the performance of three widely-used mass spectrometry methods,i.e.,matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization(MALDI)protein fingerprinting,top-down proteomics and bottom-up proteomics,in the profiling of bacterial protein composition.It was revealed that bottom-up proteomics provided the highest protein coverage and exhibited the greatest protein profile overlap between bacterial species.In contrast,MALDI protein fingerprinting demonstrated superior detection reproducibility and effectiveness in distinguishing between bacterial species.Although top-down proteomics identified fewer proteins than bottom-up approach,it complemented MALDI fingerprinting in the discovery of bacterial protein markers,both favoring abundant,stable,and hydrophilic bacterial ribosomal proteins.This study represents the most systematic and comprehensive comparison of mass spectrometry-based protein profiling methodologies to date.It provides valuable guidelines for the selection of appropriate profiling strategies for specific analytical purposes.This will facilitate studies across various fields,including infection diagnosis,antimicrobial resistance detection and pharmaceutical target discovery.展开更多
Author Profiling (AP) is a subsection of digital forensics that focuses on the detection of the author’s personalinformation, such as age, gender, occupation, and education, based on various linguistic features, e.g....Author Profiling (AP) is a subsection of digital forensics that focuses on the detection of the author’s personalinformation, such as age, gender, occupation, and education, based on various linguistic features, e.g., stylistic,semantic, and syntactic. The importance of AP lies in various fields, including forensics, security, medicine, andmarketing. In previous studies, many works have been done using different languages, e.g., English, Arabic, French,etc.However, the research on RomanUrdu is not up to the mark.Hence, this study focuses on detecting the author’sage and gender based on Roman Urdu text messages. The dataset used in this study is Fire’18-MaponSMS. Thisstudy proposed an ensemble model based on AdaBoostM1 and Random Forest (AMBRF) for AP using multiplelinguistic features that are stylistic, character-based, word-based, and sentence-based. The proposed model iscontrasted with several of the well-known models fromthe literature, including J48-Decision Tree (J48),Na飗e Bays(NB), K Nearest Neighbor (KNN), and Composite Hypercube on Random Projection (CHIRP), NB-Updatable,RF, and AdaboostM1. The overall outcome shows the better performance of the proposed AdaboostM1 withRandom Forest (ABMRF) with an accuracy of 54.2857% for age prediction and 71.1429% for gender predictioncalculated on stylistic features. Regarding word-based features, age and gender were considered in 50.5714% and60%, respectively. On the other hand, KNN and CHIRP show the weakest performance using all the linguisticfeatures for age and gender prediction.展开更多
News media profiling is helpful in preventing the spread of fake news at the source and maintaining a good media and news ecosystem.Most previous works only extract features and evaluate media from one dimension indep...News media profiling is helpful in preventing the spread of fake news at the source and maintaining a good media and news ecosystem.Most previous works only extract features and evaluate media from one dimension independently,ignoring the interconnections between different aspects.This paper proposes a novel news media bias and factuality profiling framework assisted by correlated features.This framework models the relationship and interaction between media bias and factuality,utilizing this relationship to assist in the prediction of profiling results.Our approach extracts features independently while aligning and fusing them through recursive convolu-tion and attention mechanisms,thus harnessing multi-scale interactive information across different dimensions and levels.This method improves the effectiveness of news media evaluation.Experimental results indicate that our proposed framework significantly outperforms existing methods,achieving the best performance in Accuracy and F1 score,improving by at least 1%compared to other methods.This paper further analyzes and discusses based on the experimental results.展开更多
Objectives:Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2)-targeted therapies have demonstrated potential benefits for metastatic colorectal cancer(mCRC)patients with HER2 amplification,but are not satisfactory in case...Objectives:Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2)-targeted therapies have demonstrated potential benefits for metastatic colorectal cancer(mCRC)patients with HER2 amplification,but are not satisfactory in cases of HER2 mutant CRCs.Methods:Consequently,further elucidation of amplifications and somatic mutations in erythroblastic oncogene B-2(ERBB2)is imperative.Comprehensive genomic profiling was conducted on 2454 Chinese CRC cases to evaluate genomic alterations in 733 cancer-related genes,tumor mutational burden,microsatellite instability,and programmed death ligand 1(PD-L1)expression.Results:Among 2454 CRC patients,85 cases(3.46%)exhibited ERBB2 amplification,and 55 cases(2.24%)carried ERBB2 mutation.p.R678Q(28%),p.V8421(24%),and p.S310F/Y(12%)were the most prevalent of the 16 detected mutation sites.In comparison to the ERBB2 altered(alt)group,KRAS/BRAF mutations were more prevalent in ERBB2 wild-type(wt)samples(ERBB2wt vs.ERBB2alt,KRAS:50.9%vs.25.6%,p<0.05;BRAF:8.5%vs.2.3%,p<0.05).32.7%(18/55)of CRCs with ERBB2 mutation exhibited microsatellite instability high(MSI-H),while no cases with HER2 amplification displayed MSI-H.Mutant genes varied between ERBB2 copy number variation(CNV)and ERBB2 single nucleotide variant(SNV);TP53 alterations tended to co-occur with ERBB2 amplification(92.3%)as opposed to ERBB2 mutation(58.3%).KRAS and PIK3CA alterations were more prevalent in ERBB2 SNV cases(KRAS/PIK3CA:45.8%/31.2%)compared to ERBB2 amplification cases(KRAS/PIK3CA:14.1%/7.7%).Conclusion:Our study delineates the landscape of HER2 alterations in a large-scale cohort of CRC patients from China.These findings enhance our understanding of the molecular features of Chinese CRC patients and offer valuable implications for further investigation.展开更多
Piper sarmentosum Roxb.(Piperaceae)is a traditional medicinal and food plant widely distributed in the tropical and subtropical regions of Asia,offering both health and culinary benefits.In this study the secondary me...Piper sarmentosum Roxb.(Piperaceae)is a traditional medicinal and food plant widely distributed in the tropical and subtropical regions of Asia,offering both health and culinary benefits.In this study the secondary metabolites in different organs of P.sarmentosum were identified and their relative abundances were characterized.The metabolic profiles of leaves,roots,stems and fruits were comprehensively investigated by liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry(LC-HR-MS)and the data subsequently analyzed using multivariate statistical methods.Manual interpretation of the tandem mass spectrometric(MS/MS)fragmentation patterns revealed the presence of 154 tentatively identified metabolites,mostly represented by alkaloids and flavonoids.Principle component analysis and hierarchical clustering indicated the predominant occurrence of flavonoids,lignans and phenyl propanoids in leaves,aporphines in stems,piperamides in fruits and lignan-amides in roots.Overall,this study provides extensive data on the metabolite composition of P.sarmentosum,supplying useful information for bioactive compounds discovery and patterns of their preferential biosynthesis or storage in specific organs.This can be used to optimize production and harvesting as well as to maximize the plant’s economic value as herbal medicine or in food applications.展开更多
Over the past two decades,numerous countries have actively participated in the International Argo Program,working toward the global“OneArgo”goal.China's Argo program has deployed over 500 autonomous profiling fl...Over the past two decades,numerous countries have actively participated in the International Argo Program,working toward the global“OneArgo”goal.China's Argo program has deployed over 500 autonomous profiling floats in the Indo-Pacific,with 55 Beidou(BD)floats,equipped with the Beidou satellite communication system,currently operational.During the operation of the BD float network,we found that in addition to the limitation of floats battery,the loss may also be caused by communication loss due to the floats escaping from the Beidou-2's short message coverage.In this study,float trajectories are simulated using velocity fields from an eddy-resolved resolution Estimating the Circulation and Climate of the Ocean,PhaseⅡ(ECCO2)model and a Lagrangian particle tracking model programmed to represent the vertical motions of profiling floats.The simulations can help to explore both the representativeness and the predictability of profiling float displacements.By deploying a large number of synthetic floats in the Lagrangian particle tracking system,we construct probability density functions(PDFs)of the simulated-float trajectory among key oceans,for example,a joint region of East Indian-South China Sea-Northwest Pacific Ocean(5°–40°N,70°–140°E),which is generally similar to the location of the present BD float network.These statistics can help to estimate the chance of floats drifting into shallow seas(such as the East China Sea)and out of the coverage of the Beidou satellite communication.With this knowledge changes to the future China's Argo observing system could be made.展开更多
This study explores the area of Author Profiling(AP)and its importance in several industries,including forensics,security,marketing,and education.A key component of AP is the extraction of useful information from text...This study explores the area of Author Profiling(AP)and its importance in several industries,including forensics,security,marketing,and education.A key component of AP is the extraction of useful information from text,with an emphasis on the writers’ages and genders.To improve the accuracy of AP tasks,the study develops an ensemble model dubbed ABMRF that combines AdaBoostM1(ABM1)and Random Forest(RF).The work uses an extensive technique that involves textmessage dataset pretreatment,model training,and assessment.To evaluate the effectiveness of several machine learning(ML)algorithms in classifying age and gender,including Composite Hypercube on Random Projection(CHIRP),Decision Trees(J48),Na飗e Bayes(NB),K Nearest Neighbor,AdaboostM1,NB-Updatable,RF,andABMRF,they are compared.The findings demonstrate thatABMRFregularly beats the competition,with a gender classification accuracy of 71.14%and an age classification accuracy of 54.29%,respectively.Additional metrics like precision,recall,F-measure,Matthews Correlation Coefficient(MCC),and accuracy support ABMRF’s outstanding performance in age and gender profiling tasks.This study demonstrates the usefulness of ABMRF as an ensemble model for author profiling and highlights its possible uses in marketing,law enforcement,and education.The results emphasize the effectiveness of ensemble approaches in enhancing author profiling task accuracy,particularly when it comes to age and gender identification.展开更多
Objective This study aims to analyze metabolites in the cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)of neurosyphilis patients to identify potential diagnostic markers.Methods Untargeted metabolomics by liquid chromatography-mass spectrom...Objective This study aims to analyze metabolites in the cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)of neurosyphilis patients to identify potential diagnostic markers.Methods Untargeted metabolomics by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to analyze metabolites in CSF samples from five neurosyphilis and five syphilis/non-neurosyphilis patients.After quality control and normalization,data analyses(principal component analysis,orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis,hierarchical clustering)were conducted to identify differential metabolites.Results The content of metabolites(Pro-leu,nudifloramide,N-oleoyl glycine,DMP 777,(±)-propionylcarnitine,and 3β-hydroxy-5-cholenoic acid)in neurosyphilis patients was 1.7-to 4.5-fold of that in the non-neurosyphilis patients.Conclusions The metabolites,particularly nudifloramide and N-oleoyl glycine,which have been implicated in other neurological disorders,warrant further investigation into their roles in the pathogenesis of neurosyphilis.展开更多
The user’s intent to seek online information has been an active area of research in user profiling.User profiling considers user characteristics,behaviors,activities,and preferences to sketch user intentions,interest...The user’s intent to seek online information has been an active area of research in user profiling.User profiling considers user characteristics,behaviors,activities,and preferences to sketch user intentions,interests,and motivations.Determining user characteristics can help capture implicit and explicit preferences and intentions for effective user-centric and customized content presentation.The user’s complete online experience in seeking information is a blend of activities such as searching,verifying,and sharing it on social platforms.However,a combination of multiple behaviors in profiling users has yet to be considered.This research takes a novel approach and explores user intent types based on multidimensional online behavior in information acquisition.This research explores information search,verification,and dissemination behavior and identifies diverse types of users based on their online engagement using machine learning.The research proposes a generic user profile template that explains the user characteristics based on the internet experience and uses it as ground truth for data annotation.User feedback is based on online behavior and practices collected by using a survey method.The participants include both males and females from different occupation sectors and different ages.The data collected is subject to feature engineering,and the significant features are presented to unsupervised machine learning methods to identify user intent classes or profiles and their characteristics.Different techniques are evaluated,and the K-Mean clustering method successfully generates five user groups observing different user characteristics with an average silhouette of 0.36 and a distortion score of 1136.Feature average is computed to identify user intent type characteristics.The user intent classes are then further generalized to create a user intent template with an Inter-Rater Reliability of 75%.This research successfully extracts different user types based on their preferences in online content,platforms,criteria,and frequency.The study also validates the proposed template on user feedback data through Inter-Rater Agreement process using an external human rater.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the successive morphological stages of spermatogenesis,hormonal regulation,and testosterone profile in dromedary camel reproduction.Methods:Testicular tissue samples were obtained from 12 drom...Objective:To investigate the successive morphological stages of spermatogenesis,hormonal regulation,and testosterone profile in dromedary camel reproduction.Methods:Testicular tissue samples were obtained from 12 dromedary bull camels aged 7 to 8 at a local abattoir.The histological assessment involved tissue processing,hematoxylin and eosin(H&E)staining,and examination under a microscope.Stereological analysis,germ cell identification,and assessment of seminiferous tubules and maturation were conducted.Testosterone assay was performed by radioimmunoassay using blood samples collected at regular intervals.Results:The study revealed 12 phases of the dromedary camel's seminiferous epithelium cycle,highlighting distinct morphological characteristics and cellular processes.Acrosomal migration,maturation,cap formation,and the Golgi-mediated synthesis of proacrosomal vesicles were also explained in dimension,as were the steps of acrosome biogenesis.Spermatids and mature sperm cells were present when spermatogenesis phases were examined.An analysis of the dimensions of seminiferous tubules revealed specific measures for diameter,area,and epithelial height about luminal characteristics.Moreover,there were noticeable variations in the serum testosterone concentrations during the study period,indicating temporal dynamics.Conclusions:This study outlines the spermatogenesis process in dromedary camels across 12 stages,emphasizing cellular dynamics and acrosomal biogenesis.It also provides seminiferous tubule measurements and observes seasonal testosterone fluctuations,offering insights into reproductive regulation and potential strategies for camel breeding conservation.展开更多
基金support from the Science Research Program Project for Drug Regulation,Jiangsu Medical Products Administration,China(Grant No.:202207)the National Drug Standards Revision Project,China(Grant No.:2023Y41)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.:22276080)the Foreign Expert Project,China(Grant No.:G2022014096L).
文摘In-depth study of the components of polymyxins is the key to controlling the quality of this class of antibiotics.Similarities and variations of components present significant analytical challenges.A two-dimensional(2D)liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS)method was established for screening and comprehensive profiling of compositions of the antibiotic colistimethate sodium(CMS).A high concentration of phosphate buffer mobile phase was used in the first-dimensional LC system to get the components well separated.For efficient and high-accuracy screening of CMS,a targeted method based on a self-constructed high resolution(HR)mass spectrum database of CMS components was established.The database was built based on the commercial MassHunter Personal Compound Database and Library(PCDL)software and its accuracy of the compound matching result was verified with six known components before being applied to genuine sample screening.On this basis,the unknown peaks in the CMS chromatograms were deduced and assigned.The molecular formula,group composition,and origins of a total of 99 compounds,of which the combined area percentage accounted for more than 95%of CMS components,were deduced by this 2D-LC-MS method combined with the MassHunter PCDL.This profiling method was highly efficient and could distinguish hundreds of components within 3 h,providing reliable results for quality control of this kind of complex drugs.
基金supported by the Shanghai Sailing Program(22YF1416300)Youth Fund Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China(32202117)+1 种基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFD2100104)the China Agriculture Research System(CARS-47).
文摘Bigeye tuna is a protein-rich fish that is susceptible to spoilage during cold storage,however,there is limited information on untargeted metabolomic profiling of bigeye tuna concerning spoilage-associated enzymes and metabolites.This study aimed to investigate how cold storage affects enzyme activities,nutrient composition,tissue microstructures and spoilage metabolites of bigeye tuna.The activities of cathepsins B,H,L increased,while Na^(+)/K^(+)-ATPase and Mg^(2+)-ATPase decreased,α-glucosidase,lipase and lipoxygenase first increased and then decreased during cold storage,suggesting that proteins undergo degradation and ATP metabolism occurs at a faster rate during cold storage.Nutrient composition(moisture and lipid content),total amino acids decreased,suggesting that the nutritional value of bigeye tuna was reduced.Besides,a logistic regression equation has been established as a food analysis tool and assesses the dynamics and correlation of the enzyme of bigeye tuna during cold storage.Based on untargeted metabolomic profiling analysis,a total of 524 metabolites were identified in the bigeye tuna contained several spoilage metabolites involved in lipid metabolism(glycerophosphocholine and choline phosphate),amino acid metabolism(L-histidine,5-deoxy-5′-(methylthio)adenosine,5-methylthioadenosine),carbohydrate metabolism(D-gluconic acid,α-D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate,D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate).The results of tissue microstructures of tuna showed a looser network and visible deterioration of tissue fiber during cold storage.Therefore,metabolomic analysis and tissue microstructures provide insight into the spoilage mechanism investigations on bigeye tuna during cold storage.
基金supported by the Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Jiangxi Province,China (JXARS-09)Science and Technology Program of Guangdong Province,China (2020B1212060060)。
文摘Pigeons and certain other avian species produce a milklike secretion in their crop sacs to nourish offspring,yet the detailed processes involved are not fully elucidated.This study investigated the crop sacs of 225-day-old unpaired non-lactating male pigeons(MN)and males initiating lactation on the first day after incubation(ML).Using RNA sequencing,ribosomeprofiling,andsingle-cell transcriptome sequencing(scRNA-seq),we identified a significant up-regulation of genes associated with ribosome assembly and protein synthesis in ML compared to MN.Results from scRNA-seq analysis identified 12distinct cell types and 22 clusters,with secretory epithelial cells(SECs)exhibiting marked expression of plasma cell markers,including IGLL1 and MZB1.RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization(RNA FISH)and IgY quantification confirmed the critical role of SECs in producing endogenous IgY during lactation.We propose that fibroblast-derived BAFF signals activate SECs,mimicking B cell transformation and enhancing protein production through the unfolded protein response(UPR).These findings shed light on the cellular dynamics of pigeon milk production and contribute to a broader understanding of avian biology.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Project of China(Grant No.2021YFF1201300 and 2021YFF1201302)the Shanghai Committee of Science and Technology(Grant No.24DX2800100)the Institutional Projects of SIBPT(Grant No.YZ2024-07)。
文摘Objective:While immunotherapy holds great potential for triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC),the lack of non-invasive biomarkers to identify beneficiaries limits the application.Methods:Paired baseline,on-treatment,and post-treatment plasma samples were collected from 195 TNBC patients receiving anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in this retrospective study conducted at the Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center(FUSCC)for sequential high-precision proteomic profiling.Results:ARG1,NOS3,and CD28 were identified as plasma proteins significantly associated with the response to immunotherapy in neoadjuvant settings or in advanced stages of TNBC.Matched single-cell RNA sequencing data were incorporated to correlate peripheral plasma with the tumor microenvironment.Furthermore,the Plasma Immuno Prediction Score was developed to demonstrate significant predictive power for evaluating the efficacy and prognosis of patients undergoing neoadjuvant immunotherapy.Conclusions:The results underscore the importance of systemic immunity in the immunotherapy response and support the use of plasma protein profiles as a feasible tool for enhancing personalized management of immunotherapy in breast cancer.
基金supported through National Research Foundation(NRF)of Korea grants funded by the Korean Government(No.NRF-2022R1F1A1064405)the research fund of Catholic Kwandong University and Catholic Kwandong University International St.Mary’s Hospital for S.-W Kim.
文摘Objectives:Despite the considerable regenerative capacity exhibited by adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells(ASCs),their genetic and molecular mechanisms remain incompletely understood.Methods:In this study,we analyzed the global gene expression profile of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells(ASCs)using microarray analysis and compared it with stromal vascular fraction(SVF)cells.Results:Microarray analysis revealed that ASCs express elevated levels of genes related to the extracellular matrix(ECM;extracellular matrix)and collagen,which are critical components of tissue remodeling and wound healing.Additionally,genes associated with cell growth,differentiation,motility,and plasticity were highly expressed.When compared to stromal vascular fraction(SVF)cells,ASCs demonstrated enrichment of genes involved in anti-inflammatory responses,immune modulation,tissue repair,cell adhesion,and migration processes.Gene Set Enrichment Analysis(GSEA;Gene Set Enrichment Analysis)showed activation of pathways related to angiogenesis,such as vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF),Integrin,Wnt signaling pathways,transforming growth factor-beta(TGF-β),extracellular matrix(ECM),and matrix metalloproteinase(MMP),highlighting the significant angiogenic potential of ASCs.Gene Ontology(GO;Gene Ontology)analysis further linked ASCs to biological processes associated with the regulation of cell proliferation and muscle cell differentiation.Conclusion:These findings collectively underscore the suitability of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells(ASCs)as a promising candidate for regenerative medicine,particularly in applications involving tissue repair,immune modulation,and promotion of angiogenesis.
基金supported by Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People's Republic of China 2022 Industrial Technology Basic Public Service Platform Project-Traditional Chinese Medicine Whole Industry Chain Quality and Technology Service Platform(2022-230-221)Foshan Nanhai District Key Area Science and Technology Research Project[Nanke(2023)20-18].
文摘Objective:To evaluate the quality of Lygodium japonicum(Thunb.)Sw.(L.japonicum,Hai Jin Sha)by comparing its components without stewed(W)and stewed(S)using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography(UHPLC)and chemometric analysis.Additionally,network pharmacology was employed to investigate the possible mechanisms of action of L.japonicum in the urinary calculi(UC)treatment.Methods:A fingerprinting method was established to identify components through UHPLC-tandem mass spectrometry.Chemometric techniques were used to compare the L.japonicum extraction methods.Furthermore,various network pharmacological approaches were used to identify and analyze the potential targets of the identified components in relation to UC.Results:The W and S extracts were distributed into two distinct clusters.Significant differences in the levels of protocatechuic aldehyde,caffeic acid,and p-coumaric acid were observed between S and W.Network pharmacology analysis revealed that the primary targets of L.japonicum in the UC treatment were serum albumin and epidermal growth factor receptors,with potential active components including protocatechuic acid and caffeic acid.Conclusion:This study comprehensively examined the therapeutic components of L.japonicum before and after boiling,shedding light on its potential mechanisms of action in UC treatment.These findings offer valuable insights into the development and utilization of L.japonicum resources.
文摘Lynch syndrome(LS)is the most common hereditary colorectal cancer(CRC)predisposition syndrome,characterized by a high mutational burden and microsatellite instability-high(MSI-H)tumors.Immunology of LS-associated CRC(LS-CRC)is unique,with significant implications for treatment.Despite well-established knowledge of LS immunology,immunotherapy dose and treatment response can vary significantly based on local tumor immunity and specific germline pathogenic variant of LS genes.This variability necessitates tailored surveillance strategies and new personalised immunotherapy approaches for LS patients.LS-CRC often benefits from immunotherapy due to the distinct tumor microenvironment(TME)and the variety of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes(TILs).This perspective discusses a novel approach of analysing spatial TILs at a single-cell level using tumor whole slide images(WSIs)that accounts for the distinct TME of LS-CRC.By emphasizing the necessity of personalized medicine in hereditary cancer syndromes,the future research and clinical practices that enhance patient outcomes through precision oncology is inspired.
基金funded by the 2023 Hospital Management Innovation Research Project by the Jiangsu Hospital Association(No.JSYGY-2-2023-551)。
文摘Objectives:This study aimed to explore the effectiveness and advantages of an“Internet+”nursing model based on user profilingin the rehabilitation of postoperative breast cancer patients.Methods:Breast cancer patients admitted to the hospital from July 2023 to September 2024 were enrolled.These patients were randomly assigned to a control group and an intervention group,with 52 patients in each group.The control group received routine nursing care,while the intervention group received an“Internet+”nursing intervention based on user profilingin addition to routine care.The intervention period lasted for one month following discharge.Before and one month after the intervention,the Fear of Progression Questionnaire-Short Form(FOP-Q-SF),the Fear of Cancer Recurrence Inventory-Short Form(FCRI-SF),Chinese Posttraumatic Growth Inventory(C-PTGI),and the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast(FACT-B)were applied to assess the effects of interventions.Results:A total of 104 patients were analyzed.After the intervention,FOP-Q-SF and FCRI-SF scores were significantlylower in the intervention group compared to the control group,with statistical significance(t=3.98,P<0.001;t=-7.59,P<0.001),and Cohen’s d of 0.781 and 1.49,respectively.Additionally,CPTGI and FACT-B scores in the intervention group were significantly higher than those in the control group(t=-6.534,P<0.001;t=-4.579,P<0.001),with Cohen’s d of 0.585 and 0.656.Conclusions:An“Internet+”nursing model based on user profilingcould reduce postoperative breast cancer patients fear of disease progression and cancer recurrence,also enhancing posttraumatic growth and overall quality of life.
基金supported by Hunan Province Education Department Outstanding Youth Project(23B1131)Hunan Province Education Science Fourteenth Five-Year Plan Project(XJK24BXL003).
文摘The current study conducted the psychological capital profiles and the relation between profile memberships and learning burnout among undergraduates.Participants were 541 Chinese undergraduates ranging from 18 to 21 years old(48.2%male;Mean years=19.54,SD=1.09 years).Latent profile analysis revealed three categories of psychological capital profile consistent high psychological capital profile(50.5%),consistent low psychological capital profile(38.1%),and dominate loss-orientated psychological capital profile(11.4%).The undergraduates in consistent high profile reported high self-efficacy,resilience,hope,and optimism.Consistent low profile characterized by a little low(~0.50 SD below the M)self-efficacy,resilience,hope,and optimism.Dominant loss-orientated profile displayed low self-efficacy,hope,optimism,but a little relatively high resilience.Specifically,undergraduates in consistent high profile exhibited low level of learning burnout;while undergraduates with low level of psychological capital(i.e.,consistent low profile and dominate loss-orientated profile)reported high level of learning burnout.The findings have theoretical significance which provides important knowledge about psychological capital profile among Chinese undergraduates.They have practical implications for student counselling and development providing person-centric support to students based on their individual psychological profiles.
文摘Profiling the protein composition of bacteria is essential for understanding their biology,physiology and interaction with environment.Mass spectrometry has become a pivotal tool for protein analysis,facilitating the examination of expression levels,molecular masses and structural modifications.In this study,we compared the performance of three widely-used mass spectrometry methods,i.e.,matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization(MALDI)protein fingerprinting,top-down proteomics and bottom-up proteomics,in the profiling of bacterial protein composition.It was revealed that bottom-up proteomics provided the highest protein coverage and exhibited the greatest protein profile overlap between bacterial species.In contrast,MALDI protein fingerprinting demonstrated superior detection reproducibility and effectiveness in distinguishing between bacterial species.Although top-down proteomics identified fewer proteins than bottom-up approach,it complemented MALDI fingerprinting in the discovery of bacterial protein markers,both favoring abundant,stable,and hydrophilic bacterial ribosomal proteins.This study represents the most systematic and comprehensive comparison of mass spectrometry-based protein profiling methodologies to date.It provides valuable guidelines for the selection of appropriate profiling strategies for specific analytical purposes.This will facilitate studies across various fields,including infection diagnosis,antimicrobial resistance detection and pharmaceutical target discovery.
基金the support of Prince Sultan University for the Article Processing Charges(APC)of this publication。
文摘Author Profiling (AP) is a subsection of digital forensics that focuses on the detection of the author’s personalinformation, such as age, gender, occupation, and education, based on various linguistic features, e.g., stylistic,semantic, and syntactic. The importance of AP lies in various fields, including forensics, security, medicine, andmarketing. In previous studies, many works have been done using different languages, e.g., English, Arabic, French,etc.However, the research on RomanUrdu is not up to the mark.Hence, this study focuses on detecting the author’sage and gender based on Roman Urdu text messages. The dataset used in this study is Fire’18-MaponSMS. Thisstudy proposed an ensemble model based on AdaBoostM1 and Random Forest (AMBRF) for AP using multiplelinguistic features that are stylistic, character-based, word-based, and sentence-based. The proposed model iscontrasted with several of the well-known models fromthe literature, including J48-Decision Tree (J48),Na飗e Bays(NB), K Nearest Neighbor (KNN), and Composite Hypercube on Random Projection (CHIRP), NB-Updatable,RF, and AdaboostM1. The overall outcome shows the better performance of the proposed AdaboostM1 withRandom Forest (ABMRF) with an accuracy of 54.2857% for age prediction and 71.1429% for gender predictioncalculated on stylistic features. Regarding word-based features, age and gender were considered in 50.5714% and60%, respectively. On the other hand, KNN and CHIRP show the weakest performance using all the linguisticfeatures for age and gender prediction.
基金funded by“the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities”,No.CUC23ZDTJ005.
文摘News media profiling is helpful in preventing the spread of fake news at the source and maintaining a good media and news ecosystem.Most previous works only extract features and evaluate media from one dimension independently,ignoring the interconnections between different aspects.This paper proposes a novel news media bias and factuality profiling framework assisted by correlated features.This framework models the relationship and interaction between media bias and factuality,utilizing this relationship to assist in the prediction of profiling results.Our approach extracts features independently while aligning and fusing them through recursive convolu-tion and attention mechanisms,thus harnessing multi-scale interactive information across different dimensions and levels.This method improves the effectiveness of news media evaluation.Experimental results indicate that our proposed framework significantly outperforms existing methods,achieving the best performance in Accuracy and F1 score,improving by at least 1%compared to other methods.This paper further analyzes and discusses based on the experimental results.
基金sponsored by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Numbers 81972280,81972290)Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(Grant Number 23ZR1452300)+2 种基金Research Grant for Health Science and Technology of Pudong Health Bureau of Shanghai(Grant Number PW2022E-02)Academic Leaders Training Program of Pudong Health Bureau of Shanghai(Grant Number PWRd2022-02)Foundation of Beijing CSCO Clinical Oncology Research(Grant Number Y-HR2019-0384).
文摘Objectives:Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2)-targeted therapies have demonstrated potential benefits for metastatic colorectal cancer(mCRC)patients with HER2 amplification,but are not satisfactory in cases of HER2 mutant CRCs.Methods:Consequently,further elucidation of amplifications and somatic mutations in erythroblastic oncogene B-2(ERBB2)is imperative.Comprehensive genomic profiling was conducted on 2454 Chinese CRC cases to evaluate genomic alterations in 733 cancer-related genes,tumor mutational burden,microsatellite instability,and programmed death ligand 1(PD-L1)expression.Results:Among 2454 CRC patients,85 cases(3.46%)exhibited ERBB2 amplification,and 55 cases(2.24%)carried ERBB2 mutation.p.R678Q(28%),p.V8421(24%),and p.S310F/Y(12%)were the most prevalent of the 16 detected mutation sites.In comparison to the ERBB2 altered(alt)group,KRAS/BRAF mutations were more prevalent in ERBB2 wild-type(wt)samples(ERBB2wt vs.ERBB2alt,KRAS:50.9%vs.25.6%,p<0.05;BRAF:8.5%vs.2.3%,p<0.05).32.7%(18/55)of CRCs with ERBB2 mutation exhibited microsatellite instability high(MSI-H),while no cases with HER2 amplification displayed MSI-H.Mutant genes varied between ERBB2 copy number variation(CNV)and ERBB2 single nucleotide variant(SNV);TP53 alterations tended to co-occur with ERBB2 amplification(92.3%)as opposed to ERBB2 mutation(58.3%).KRAS and PIK3CA alterations were more prevalent in ERBB2 SNV cases(KRAS/PIK3CA:45.8%/31.2%)compared to ERBB2 amplification cases(KRAS/PIK3CA:14.1%/7.7%).Conclusion:Our study delineates the landscape of HER2 alterations in a large-scale cohort of CRC patients from China.These findings enhance our understanding of the molecular features of Chinese CRC patients and offer valuable implications for further investigation.
基金supported by the German Academic Exchange Service(DAAD)as a grant scholarship and part of the Ph.D.thesis of IW.Funding program/-ID:Research Grants-Doctoral Programs in Germany,2017/18(57299294),ST34.
文摘Piper sarmentosum Roxb.(Piperaceae)is a traditional medicinal and food plant widely distributed in the tropical and subtropical regions of Asia,offering both health and culinary benefits.In this study the secondary metabolites in different organs of P.sarmentosum were identified and their relative abundances were characterized.The metabolic profiles of leaves,roots,stems and fruits were comprehensively investigated by liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry(LC-HR-MS)and the data subsequently analyzed using multivariate statistical methods.Manual interpretation of the tandem mass spectrometric(MS/MS)fragmentation patterns revealed the presence of 154 tentatively identified metabolites,mostly represented by alkaloids and flavonoids.Principle component analysis and hierarchical clustering indicated the predominant occurrence of flavonoids,lignans and phenyl propanoids in leaves,aporphines in stems,piperamides in fruits and lignan-amides in roots.Overall,this study provides extensive data on the metabolite composition of P.sarmentosum,supplying useful information for bioactive compounds discovery and patterns of their preferential biosynthesis or storage in specific organs.This can be used to optimize production and harvesting as well as to maximize the plant’s economic value as herbal medicine or in food applications.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract Nos 42106022 and 42106024the National Key Research and Development Program of China under contract No.2021YFC3101502+2 种基金the Fund of Laoshan Laboratory under contract No.LSKJ202201500the Fund of Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai)under contract No.SML2021SP102the Fund of Chinese Academy of Sciences under contract Nos 133244KYSB20190031,183311KYSB20200015,and SCSIO202201。
文摘Over the past two decades,numerous countries have actively participated in the International Argo Program,working toward the global“OneArgo”goal.China's Argo program has deployed over 500 autonomous profiling floats in the Indo-Pacific,with 55 Beidou(BD)floats,equipped with the Beidou satellite communication system,currently operational.During the operation of the BD float network,we found that in addition to the limitation of floats battery,the loss may also be caused by communication loss due to the floats escaping from the Beidou-2's short message coverage.In this study,float trajectories are simulated using velocity fields from an eddy-resolved resolution Estimating the Circulation and Climate of the Ocean,PhaseⅡ(ECCO2)model and a Lagrangian particle tracking model programmed to represent the vertical motions of profiling floats.The simulations can help to explore both the representativeness and the predictability of profiling float displacements.By deploying a large number of synthetic floats in the Lagrangian particle tracking system,we construct probability density functions(PDFs)of the simulated-float trajectory among key oceans,for example,a joint region of East Indian-South China Sea-Northwest Pacific Ocean(5°–40°N,70°–140°E),which is generally similar to the location of the present BD float network.These statistics can help to estimate the chance of floats drifting into shallow seas(such as the East China Sea)and out of the coverage of the Beidou satellite communication.With this knowledge changes to the future China's Argo observing system could be made.
文摘This study explores the area of Author Profiling(AP)and its importance in several industries,including forensics,security,marketing,and education.A key component of AP is the extraction of useful information from text,with an emphasis on the writers’ages and genders.To improve the accuracy of AP tasks,the study develops an ensemble model dubbed ABMRF that combines AdaBoostM1(ABM1)and Random Forest(RF).The work uses an extensive technique that involves textmessage dataset pretreatment,model training,and assessment.To evaluate the effectiveness of several machine learning(ML)algorithms in classifying age and gender,including Composite Hypercube on Random Projection(CHIRP),Decision Trees(J48),Na飗e Bayes(NB),K Nearest Neighbor,AdaboostM1,NB-Updatable,RF,andABMRF,they are compared.The findings demonstrate thatABMRFregularly beats the competition,with a gender classification accuracy of 71.14%and an age classification accuracy of 54.29%,respectively.Additional metrics like precision,recall,F-measure,Matthews Correlation Coefficient(MCC),and accuracy support ABMRF’s outstanding performance in age and gender profiling tasks.This study demonstrates the usefulness of ABMRF as an ensemble model for author profiling and highlights its possible uses in marketing,law enforcement,and education.The results emphasize the effectiveness of ensemble approaches in enhancing author profiling task accuracy,particularly when it comes to age and gender identification.
文摘Objective This study aims to analyze metabolites in the cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)of neurosyphilis patients to identify potential diagnostic markers.Methods Untargeted metabolomics by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to analyze metabolites in CSF samples from five neurosyphilis and five syphilis/non-neurosyphilis patients.After quality control and normalization,data analyses(principal component analysis,orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis,hierarchical clustering)were conducted to identify differential metabolites.Results The content of metabolites(Pro-leu,nudifloramide,N-oleoyl glycine,DMP 777,(±)-propionylcarnitine,and 3β-hydroxy-5-cholenoic acid)in neurosyphilis patients was 1.7-to 4.5-fold of that in the non-neurosyphilis patients.Conclusions The metabolites,particularly nudifloramide and N-oleoyl glycine,which have been implicated in other neurological disorders,warrant further investigation into their roles in the pathogenesis of neurosyphilis.
文摘The user’s intent to seek online information has been an active area of research in user profiling.User profiling considers user characteristics,behaviors,activities,and preferences to sketch user intentions,interests,and motivations.Determining user characteristics can help capture implicit and explicit preferences and intentions for effective user-centric and customized content presentation.The user’s complete online experience in seeking information is a blend of activities such as searching,verifying,and sharing it on social platforms.However,a combination of multiple behaviors in profiling users has yet to be considered.This research takes a novel approach and explores user intent types based on multidimensional online behavior in information acquisition.This research explores information search,verification,and dissemination behavior and identifies diverse types of users based on their online engagement using machine learning.The research proposes a generic user profile template that explains the user characteristics based on the internet experience and uses it as ground truth for data annotation.User feedback is based on online behavior and practices collected by using a survey method.The participants include both males and females from different occupation sectors and different ages.The data collected is subject to feature engineering,and the significant features are presented to unsupervised machine learning methods to identify user intent classes or profiles and their characteristics.Different techniques are evaluated,and the K-Mean clustering method successfully generates five user groups observing different user characteristics with an average silhouette of 0.36 and a distortion score of 1136.Feature average is computed to identify user intent type characteristics.The user intent classes are then further generalized to create a user intent template with an Inter-Rater Reliability of 75%.This research successfully extracts different user types based on their preferences in online content,platforms,criteria,and frequency.The study also validates the proposed template on user feedback data through Inter-Rater Agreement process using an external human rater.
文摘Objective:To investigate the successive morphological stages of spermatogenesis,hormonal regulation,and testosterone profile in dromedary camel reproduction.Methods:Testicular tissue samples were obtained from 12 dromedary bull camels aged 7 to 8 at a local abattoir.The histological assessment involved tissue processing,hematoxylin and eosin(H&E)staining,and examination under a microscope.Stereological analysis,germ cell identification,and assessment of seminiferous tubules and maturation were conducted.Testosterone assay was performed by radioimmunoassay using blood samples collected at regular intervals.Results:The study revealed 12 phases of the dromedary camel's seminiferous epithelium cycle,highlighting distinct morphological characteristics and cellular processes.Acrosomal migration,maturation,cap formation,and the Golgi-mediated synthesis of proacrosomal vesicles were also explained in dimension,as were the steps of acrosome biogenesis.Spermatids and mature sperm cells were present when spermatogenesis phases were examined.An analysis of the dimensions of seminiferous tubules revealed specific measures for diameter,area,and epithelial height about luminal characteristics.Moreover,there were noticeable variations in the serum testosterone concentrations during the study period,indicating temporal dynamics.Conclusions:This study outlines the spermatogenesis process in dromedary camels across 12 stages,emphasizing cellular dynamics and acrosomal biogenesis.It also provides seminiferous tubule measurements and observes seasonal testosterone fluctuations,offering insights into reproductive regulation and potential strategies for camel breeding conservation.
