This study aimed to investigate the incidence of patent processus vaginalis(PPV)in pediatric patients with a unilateral nonpalpable testis and explore the associated factors.From May 2014 to April 2017,152 boys who we...This study aimed to investigate the incidence of patent processus vaginalis(PPV)in pediatric patients with a unilateral nonpalpable testis and explore the associated factors.From May 2014 to April 2017,152 boys who were diagnosed with a unilateral nonpalpable testis and underwent laparoscopy in Shanghai Children’s Hospital(Shanghai,China)were included in this study.The data were collected and reviewed,and the results were analyzed regarding the age at operation,side,development,and position of the nonpalpable testis.The mean age of the patients was 2.6(standard deviation:2.3)years.The testis was absent in 14 cases,nonviable in 81 cases,and viable in 57 cases.The incidence of PPV was 37.5%(57 of 152)on the ipsilateral side and 16.4%(25 of 152)on the contralateral side.The ipsilateral PPV was more prevalent when the nonpalpable testis occurred on the right side(P<0.01).Besides,patients with a viable testis had a greater incidence of ipsilateral PPV than those with a nonviable or absent testis(P<0.01).Moreover,this rate was the highest when the testis was in the abdominal cavity and the lowest when the testis was in the scrotum(both P<0.01).However,the incidence of contralateral PPV was independent of all the factors.In conclusion,in children with a nonpalpable testis,the incidence of an ipsilateral PPV was significantly related to the side,development,and position of the testis,while it was independent of these factors on the contralateral side.展开更多
Objective: To analyze our experience in the management of ovarian hernia in children. Methods: It was a retrospective study about 11 cases treated in pediatric surgery unit of the Teaching Hospital of Bouaké, in ...Objective: To analyze our experience in the management of ovarian hernia in children. Methods: It was a retrospective study about 11 cases treated in pediatric surgery unit of the Teaching Hospital of Bouaké, in 2 years period. Results: Ovarian hernia represented 7.69% of the hernias and 73.33% of the hernia cases in girls. The mean age was 4 years and the median 36 months. The main reason for consultation was inguinal swelling (45.45%) following by swelling of the labia majora (36.36%), and a round mass of labia majora palpated by parents while bathing the child (18.18%). Nine (9) patients had been operated on;we realize the closure of peritoneo-vaginal canal, associated in 66.66% cases with a routine surgical exploration of the contralateral side. Average age of these children with contralateral hernia was 20 months. The mean follow up was 6 months (15 days - 15 months). We noticed an appearance of contralateral ovarian hernia in a girl operated on at 3 years old without routine surgical exploration. Conclusion: We recommend early management with a systematic surgical exploration of the contralateral side in young female child. A preoperative ultrasonography could be a routine in case of strangulated hernia, if available.展开更多
The ultimate feature size is key in ultrafast laser material processing.A capacity to substantially exceed optical limits and to structure below 100 nm is essential to advance ultrafast processing into the field of me...The ultimate feature size is key in ultrafast laser material processing.A capacity to substantially exceed optical limits and to structure below 100 nm is essential to advance ultrafast processing into the field of metamaterials.Such achievement requires combining the control of optical near-fields and of material reactions while preserving the flexibility of long working distances,compatible with a mature laser process.Using subpicosecond and picosecond nondiffractive Bessel beams,we demonstrate unprecedented feature sizes below a hundredth of the incident 1-um wavelength over an extended focus depth of tens of micrometers.Record features sizes,down to 7 nm,result from self-generated near-field light components initiated by cavities induced by far-field radiation in a back-surface illumination geometry.This sustains the generation of more confined near-field evanescent components along the laser scan with a nanometer pitch,perpendicular to the incident field direction,driving a superresolved laser structuring process via local thermal ablation.The near-field pattern is replicated with high robustness,advancing toward a 10-nm nanoscribing tool with a micrometer-sized laser pen.The process is controllable by the field orientation.The nondiffractive irradiation develops evanescent fields over the focusing length,resulting in high-aspect-ratio trenching with a nanometer section and a micrometer depth.Higher energy doses trigger the self-organization of quasi-periodic patterns seeded by spatially modulated scattering,similarly to optical modelocking.A predictive multipulse simulation method validates the far-field-induced near-field electromagnetic scenario of void nanochannel growth and replication,indicating the processing range and resolution on the surface and in the depth.展开更多
INTRODUCTIONAlthough laparoscopic herniorrhaphy is the most common procedure performed by pediatric surgeons at present, herniorrhaphy with an asymptomatic patent processus vaginalis （PPV） remains controversial. The...INTRODUCTIONAlthough laparoscopic herniorrhaphy is the most common procedure performed by pediatric surgeons at present, herniorrhaphy with an asymptomatic patent processus vaginalis （PPV） remains controversial. The incidence of contralateral PPV on laparoscopy in previous studies was reported as 20%-50%, but it is believed to approach 100% in premature infants. It has been reported that 4%-34% patients have the risk of developing subsequent metachronous contralateral hernia after a repair of an ipsilateral hernia.Iu If this is true, then the identification and closure of a PPV at the time of ipsilateral hernia repair will obviate the need for a second operation in thousands of children every year. With recent advances in minimally invasive surgery, transinguinal diagnostic laparoscopy has emerged as a safe and effective method for evaluating a pediatric patient with PPV. Meanwhile, the laparoscopy has been widely used to manage the infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis （IHPS）, due to equally high success rate, minimal complications, and a shorter hospital stay.展开更多
基金This study is supported by the Project of Shanghai Children’s Hospital(2020YLYZ03)。
文摘This study aimed to investigate the incidence of patent processus vaginalis(PPV)in pediatric patients with a unilateral nonpalpable testis and explore the associated factors.From May 2014 to April 2017,152 boys who were diagnosed with a unilateral nonpalpable testis and underwent laparoscopy in Shanghai Children’s Hospital(Shanghai,China)were included in this study.The data were collected and reviewed,and the results were analyzed regarding the age at operation,side,development,and position of the nonpalpable testis.The mean age of the patients was 2.6(standard deviation:2.3)years.The testis was absent in 14 cases,nonviable in 81 cases,and viable in 57 cases.The incidence of PPV was 37.5%(57 of 152)on the ipsilateral side and 16.4%(25 of 152)on the contralateral side.The ipsilateral PPV was more prevalent when the nonpalpable testis occurred on the right side(P<0.01).Besides,patients with a viable testis had a greater incidence of ipsilateral PPV than those with a nonviable or absent testis(P<0.01).Moreover,this rate was the highest when the testis was in the abdominal cavity and the lowest when the testis was in the scrotum(both P<0.01).However,the incidence of contralateral PPV was independent of all the factors.In conclusion,in children with a nonpalpable testis,the incidence of an ipsilateral PPV was significantly related to the side,development,and position of the testis,while it was independent of these factors on the contralateral side.
文摘Objective: To analyze our experience in the management of ovarian hernia in children. Methods: It was a retrospective study about 11 cases treated in pediatric surgery unit of the Teaching Hospital of Bouaké, in 2 years period. Results: Ovarian hernia represented 7.69% of the hernias and 73.33% of the hernia cases in girls. The mean age was 4 years and the median 36 months. The main reason for consultation was inguinal swelling (45.45%) following by swelling of the labia majora (36.36%), and a round mass of labia majora palpated by parents while bathing the child (18.18%). Nine (9) patients had been operated on;we realize the closure of peritoneo-vaginal canal, associated in 66.66% cases with a routine surgical exploration of the contralateral side. Average age of these children with contralateral hernia was 20 months. The mean follow up was 6 months (15 days - 15 months). We noticed an appearance of contralateral ovarian hernia in a girl operated on at 3 years old without routine surgical exploration. Conclusion: We recommend early management with a systematic surgical exploration of the contralateral side in young female child. A preoperative ultrasonography could be a routine in case of strangulated hernia, if available.
基金The National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFB4600200)the Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi Province(2022JQ-648)partially supported by the French National Research Agency(ANR)with grants ANR-19-CE30-0036 and ANR-21-CE08-0005.
文摘The ultimate feature size is key in ultrafast laser material processing.A capacity to substantially exceed optical limits and to structure below 100 nm is essential to advance ultrafast processing into the field of metamaterials.Such achievement requires combining the control of optical near-fields and of material reactions while preserving the flexibility of long working distances,compatible with a mature laser process.Using subpicosecond and picosecond nondiffractive Bessel beams,we demonstrate unprecedented feature sizes below a hundredth of the incident 1-um wavelength over an extended focus depth of tens of micrometers.Record features sizes,down to 7 nm,result from self-generated near-field light components initiated by cavities induced by far-field radiation in a back-surface illumination geometry.This sustains the generation of more confined near-field evanescent components along the laser scan with a nanometer pitch,perpendicular to the incident field direction,driving a superresolved laser structuring process via local thermal ablation.The near-field pattern is replicated with high robustness,advancing toward a 10-nm nanoscribing tool with a micrometer-sized laser pen.The process is controllable by the field orientation.The nondiffractive irradiation develops evanescent fields over the focusing length,resulting in high-aspect-ratio trenching with a nanometer section and a micrometer depth.Higher energy doses trigger the self-organization of quasi-periodic patterns seeded by spatially modulated scattering,similarly to optical modelocking.A predictive multipulse simulation method validates the far-field-induced near-field electromagnetic scenario of void nanochannel growth and replication,indicating the processing range and resolution on the surface and in the depth.
文摘INTRODUCTIONAlthough laparoscopic herniorrhaphy is the most common procedure performed by pediatric surgeons at present, herniorrhaphy with an asymptomatic patent processus vaginalis （PPV） remains controversial. The incidence of contralateral PPV on laparoscopy in previous studies was reported as 20%-50%, but it is believed to approach 100% in premature infants. It has been reported that 4%-34% patients have the risk of developing subsequent metachronous contralateral hernia after a repair of an ipsilateral hernia.Iu If this is true, then the identification and closure of a PPV at the time of ipsilateral hernia repair will obviate the need for a second operation in thousands of children every year. With recent advances in minimally invasive surgery, transinguinal diagnostic laparoscopy has emerged as a safe and effective method for evaluating a pediatric patient with PPV. Meanwhile, the laparoscopy has been widely used to manage the infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis （IHPS）, due to equally high success rate, minimal complications, and a shorter hospital stay.
