Accurately estimating the overlap between quantum states is a fundamental task in quantum information processing.While various strategies using distinct quantum measurements have been proposed for overlap estimation,t...Accurately estimating the overlap between quantum states is a fundamental task in quantum information processing.While various strategies using distinct quantum measurements have been proposed for overlap estimation,the lack of experimental benchmarks on estimation precision limits strategy selection in different situations.Here we compare the performance of four practical strategies for overlap estimation,including tomography-tomography,tomographyprojection,Schur collective measurement and optical swap test using photonic quantum systems.We encode the quantum states on the polarization and path degrees of freedom of single photons.The corresponding measurements are performed by photon detection on certain modes following single-photon mode transformation or two-photon interference.We further propose an adaptive strategy with optimized precision in full-range overlap estimation.Our results shed new light on extracting the parameter of interest from quantum systems,prompting the design of efficientquantum protocols.展开更多
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(GrantsNo.U24A2017,No.12347104 and No.12461160276)the National Key Researchand Development Program of China(Grants No.2023YFC2205802)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(Grants No.BK20243060 and No.BK20233001)in part by State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks,China.
文摘Accurately estimating the overlap between quantum states is a fundamental task in quantum information processing.While various strategies using distinct quantum measurements have been proposed for overlap estimation,the lack of experimental benchmarks on estimation precision limits strategy selection in different situations.Here we compare the performance of four practical strategies for overlap estimation,including tomography-tomography,tomographyprojection,Schur collective measurement and optical swap test using photonic quantum systems.We encode the quantum states on the polarization and path degrees of freedom of single photons.The corresponding measurements are performed by photon detection on certain modes following single-photon mode transformation or two-photon interference.We further propose an adaptive strategy with optimized precision in full-range overlap estimation.Our results shed new light on extracting the parameter of interest from quantum systems,prompting the design of efficientquantum protocols.
