Metabolic reprogramming is a prominent cancer hallmark that enables uncontrolled growth,survival,and dissemination of tumor cells.Among the diverse metabolic alterations,dysregulation of arginine metabolism has garner...Metabolic reprogramming is a prominent cancer hallmark that enables uncontrolled growth,survival,and dissemination of tumor cells.Among the diverse metabolic alterations,dysregulation of arginine metabolism has garnered significant attention due to its profound impact on cancer cells and the tumor microenvironment(TME).Arginine,a semi-essential amino acid,has a central role in various cellular processes,including protein synthesis,nitric oxide(NO)production,and polyamine biosynthesis.In the context of cancer aberrant arginine metabolism fuels tumor cell growth and orchestrates a complex interplay between tumor and immune cells,ultimately facilitating immune evasion and tumor progression.展开更多
The rapid development of Artificial Intelligence(AI)has profoundly reshaped numerous scientific and technological domains,including cartography and geographic information science[1].AI techniques—particularly deep le...The rapid development of Artificial Intelligence(AI)has profoundly reshaped numerous scientific and technological domains,including cartography and geographic information science[1].AI techniques—particularly deep learning and generative models—have exhibited significant potential in automating diverse cartographic processes,including design,visualization,generation,and application.Despite these advancements,challenges remain concerning AI’s interpretability and transparency,which are fundamental to the usability of maps.展开更多
0 INTRODUCTION Pressure-stress coupling(PSC)refers to the bidirectional mechanical interaction between pore pressure and in-situ stress within subsurface formations(Hillis,2000).Variations in pore pressure redistribut...0 INTRODUCTION Pressure-stress coupling(PSC)refers to the bidirectional mechanical interaction between pore pressure and in-situ stress within subsurface formations(Hillis,2000).Variations in pore pressure redistribute the stress field,while evolving stress states in turn alter pore pressure.This reciprocity,governed by poroelasticity and multiphysics interactions,underlies a wide spectrum of geomechanical processes,including fracture initiation,fluid migration,reservoir evolution,and fault slip or seismicity(Xu et al.,2020).Conventional theories often treat pressure and stress as independent variables.展开更多
1.Introduction The past few decades have witnessed substantial changes in vegetation across much of the global land surface.A particularly striking change is the widespread greening trend of the Earth's surface si...1.Introduction The past few decades have witnessed substantial changes in vegetation across much of the global land surface.A particularly striking change is the widespread greening trend of the Earth's surface since the 1980s,as revealed by satellite observations.This trend is projected to continue in the future(Piao et al.,2020).Vegetation changes alter a range of biophysical processes,including water and energy exchanges between the land and atmosphere,which may subsequently feedback onto climate and thus further affect the terrestrial hydrological cycle(Bonan,2008).展开更多
Light-matter interactions are frequently perceived as predominantly influenced by the electric field,with the magnetic component of light often overlooked.Nonetheless,the magnetic field plays a pivotal role in various...Light-matter interactions are frequently perceived as predominantly influenced by the electric field,with the magnetic component of light often overlooked.Nonetheless,the magnetic field plays a pivotal role in various optical processes,including chiral light-matter interactions,photon-avalanching,and forbidden photochemistry,underscoring the significance of manipulating magnetic processes in optical phenomena.Here,we explore the ability to control the magnetic light and matter interactions at the nanoscale.In particular,we demonstrate experimentally,using a plasmonic nanostructure,the transfer of energy from the magnetic nearfield to a nanoparticle,thanks to the subwavelength magnetic confinement allowed by our nano-antenna.This control is made possible by the particular design of our plasmonic nanostructure,which has been optimized to spatially decouple the electric and magnetic components of localized plasmonic fields.Furthermore,by studying the spontaneous emission from the Lanthanide-ions doped nanoparticle,we observe that the measured field distributions are not spatially correlated with the experimentally estimated electric and magnetic local densities of states of this antenna,in contradiction with what would be expected from reciprocity.We demonstrate that this counter-intuitive observation is,in fact,the result of the different optical paths followed by the excitation and emission of the ions,which forbids a direct application of the reciprocity theorem.展开更多
DDX21 belongs to the DEAD-box(DDX)family of helicases but deviates from the characteristic sequence Asp–Glu–Ala–Asp(DEAD)to Asp–Glu–Val–Asp.In addition to the typical helicase activity associated with the DEAD-b...DDX21 belongs to the DEAD-box(DDX)family of helicases but deviates from the characteristic sequence Asp–Glu–Ala–Asp(DEAD)to Asp–Glu–Val–Asp.In addition to the typical helicase activity associated with the DEAD-box family,DDX21 also possesses foldase and adenosine triphosphatase activities.It plays crucial roles in various molecular processes,including the regulation of transcription,ribosomal RNA processing,modification,and unwinding of RNA spatial structures.DDX21 is subject to intricate regulation by multiple upstream factors,including expression control and posttranslational modification.In numerous cancer types,abnormal expression of DDX21 has been observed to influence cancer cell behaviors,such as the cell cycle,proliferation,invasion,migration,and apoptosis.In addition,DDX21 modulates innate immunity following viral infection and plays a dual role in the viral infection process.This review comprehensively explores the protein structure,molecular regulatory mechanisms,and pathophysiological functions of DDX21.Consequently,this study not only offers potential avenues for future research but also sparks novel ideas for targeted treatments for both cancer and viral infections.展开更多
基金supported by grants from the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant no.2022YFC3401001)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant nos.82025026,82230091,and 81872144)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(Grant no.2023A1515140033).
文摘Metabolic reprogramming is a prominent cancer hallmark that enables uncontrolled growth,survival,and dissemination of tumor cells.Among the diverse metabolic alterations,dysregulation of arginine metabolism has garnered significant attention due to its profound impact on cancer cells and the tumor microenvironment(TME).Arginine,a semi-essential amino acid,has a central role in various cellular processes,including protein synthesis,nitric oxide(NO)production,and polyamine biosynthesis.In the context of cancer aberrant arginine metabolism fuels tumor cell growth and orchestrates a complex interplay between tumor and immune cells,ultimately facilitating immune evasion and tumor progression.
文摘The rapid development of Artificial Intelligence(AI)has profoundly reshaped numerous scientific and technological domains,including cartography and geographic information science[1].AI techniques—particularly deep learning and generative models—have exhibited significant potential in automating diverse cartographic processes,including design,visualization,generation,and application.Despite these advancements,challenges remain concerning AI’s interpretability and transparency,which are fundamental to the usability of maps.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U24B6002,42488101)the Key R&D Program of Shandong Province,China(No.2024CXPT076)the Independent innovation research program of China University of Petroleum(East China)(No.21CX06001A)。
文摘0 INTRODUCTION Pressure-stress coupling(PSC)refers to the bidirectional mechanical interaction between pore pressure and in-situ stress within subsurface formations(Hillis,2000).Variations in pore pressure redistribute the stress field,while evolving stress states in turn alter pore pressure.This reciprocity,governed by poroelasticity and multiphysics interactions,underlies a wide spectrum of geomechanical processes,including fracture initiation,fluid migration,reservoir evolution,and fault slip or seismicity(Xu et al.,2020).Conventional theories often treat pressure and stress as independent variables.
基金supported by the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research(STEP)Program(Grant No.2024QZKK0301)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42522506 and 42471113)。
文摘1.Introduction The past few decades have witnessed substantial changes in vegetation across much of the global land surface.A particularly striking change is the widespread greening trend of the Earth's surface since the 1980s,as revealed by satellite observations.This trend is projected to continue in the future(Piao et al.,2020).Vegetation changes alter a range of biophysical processes,including water and energy exchanges between the land and atmosphere,which may subsequently feedback onto climate and thus further affect the terrestrial hydrological cycle(Bonan,2008).
基金supported by the ERC grant FemtoMagnet(grant no.101087709)the financial support from the Agence Nationale de la Recherche(ANR-20-CE09-0031-01,ANR-22-CE09-0027-04 and ANR-23-ERCC-0005)the Institut de Physique du CNRS(Tremplin@INP 2020).
文摘Light-matter interactions are frequently perceived as predominantly influenced by the electric field,with the magnetic component of light often overlooked.Nonetheless,the magnetic field plays a pivotal role in various optical processes,including chiral light-matter interactions,photon-avalanching,and forbidden photochemistry,underscoring the significance of manipulating magnetic processes in optical phenomena.Here,we explore the ability to control the magnetic light and matter interactions at the nanoscale.In particular,we demonstrate experimentally,using a plasmonic nanostructure,the transfer of energy from the magnetic nearfield to a nanoparticle,thanks to the subwavelength magnetic confinement allowed by our nano-antenna.This control is made possible by the particular design of our plasmonic nanostructure,which has been optimized to spatially decouple the electric and magnetic components of localized plasmonic fields.Furthermore,by studying the spontaneous emission from the Lanthanide-ions doped nanoparticle,we observe that the measured field distributions are not spatially correlated with the experimentally estimated electric and magnetic local densities of states of this antenna,in contradiction with what would be expected from reciprocity.We demonstrate that this counter-intuitive observation is,in fact,the result of the different optical paths followed by the excitation and emission of the ions,which forbids a direct application of the reciprocity theorem.
基金supported by the Qiantang Scholars Fund at Hangzhou City University(no.210000-581835).
文摘DDX21 belongs to the DEAD-box(DDX)family of helicases but deviates from the characteristic sequence Asp–Glu–Ala–Asp(DEAD)to Asp–Glu–Val–Asp.In addition to the typical helicase activity associated with the DEAD-box family,DDX21 also possesses foldase and adenosine triphosphatase activities.It plays crucial roles in various molecular processes,including the regulation of transcription,ribosomal RNA processing,modification,and unwinding of RNA spatial structures.DDX21 is subject to intricate regulation by multiple upstream factors,including expression control and posttranslational modification.In numerous cancer types,abnormal expression of DDX21 has been observed to influence cancer cell behaviors,such as the cell cycle,proliferation,invasion,migration,and apoptosis.In addition,DDX21 modulates innate immunity following viral infection and plays a dual role in the viral infection process.This review comprehensively explores the protein structure,molecular regulatory mechanisms,and pathophysiological functions of DDX21.Consequently,this study not only offers potential avenues for future research but also sparks novel ideas for targeted treatments for both cancer and viral infections.
