1 Introduction Chain-of-Thought(CoT)prompting[1]has enhanced the performance of Large Language Models(LLMs)across various reasoning tasks.However,CoT still falls short in dealing with complex math word problems.As sho...1 Introduction Chain-of-Thought(CoT)prompting[1]has enhanced the performance of Large Language Models(LLMs)across various reasoning tasks.However,CoT still falls short in dealing with complex math word problems.As shown in Fig.1,CoT usually suffers from three pitfalls:semantic misunderstanding errors,calculation errors,and step-missing errors.Prior studies[2]involve addressing the calculation errors and step-missing errors,but neglect the semantic misunderstanding errors,which is the major factor limiting the reasoning performance of LLMs.展开更多
Until recently,many metal-based catalysts have been developed for the cycloaddition reaction of CO_(2)with epoxides.However,the leaching of the active metal component would lead to various environmental problems.A nov...Until recently,many metal-based catalysts have been developed for the cycloaddition reaction of CO_(2)with epoxides.However,the leaching of the active metal component would lead to various environmental problems.A novel nonmetal B-doped Lewis acid-base catalyst with hydrogen bond donor(HBD)groups(B-SBA-15-NH_(2))was prepared successfully through the hydrothermal process and post-modification.B-SBA-15-NH_(2)exhibited good catalytic performance for the CO_(2)cycloaddition reaction,and 95%yield of propylene carbonate and satisfied selectivity(98%)were achieved in the presence of the KI cocatalyst.The efficient catalytic activity of B-SBA-15-NH_(2)resulted from the synergistic effects of B and HBD groups,together with the functionalized-NH_(2)groups.B-SBA-15-NH_(2)also exhibited good generality with acceptable yields for the corresponding cyclic carbonates in the CO_(2)cycloaddition with various epoxides.Furthermore,the developed B-SBA-15-NH_(2)catalyst could be easily separated by centrifugation and reused for five runs without an obvious loss in activity.The good activity and stable reusability of the metal-free B-SBA-15-NH_(2)catalyst demonstrate that it is a promising green candidate catalyst in the field of CO_(2)conversion.展开更多
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.623B2076,U23B2048 and 62225113)in part by the Science and Technology Major Project of Hubei Province(2024BAB046)in part by the Science and Technology Project of State Grid Corporation of China(5700-202458333A-2-1-ZX).
文摘1 Introduction Chain-of-Thought(CoT)prompting[1]has enhanced the performance of Large Language Models(LLMs)across various reasoning tasks.However,CoT still falls short in dealing with complex math word problems.As shown in Fig.1,CoT usually suffers from three pitfalls:semantic misunderstanding errors,calculation errors,and step-missing errors.Prior studies[2]involve addressing the calculation errors and step-missing errors,but neglect the semantic misunderstanding errors,which is the major factor limiting the reasoning performance of LLMs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21972034,21673060)the State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and the Environment of Harbin Institute of Technology(HIT2019DX12).
文摘Until recently,many metal-based catalysts have been developed for the cycloaddition reaction of CO_(2)with epoxides.However,the leaching of the active metal component would lead to various environmental problems.A novel nonmetal B-doped Lewis acid-base catalyst with hydrogen bond donor(HBD)groups(B-SBA-15-NH_(2))was prepared successfully through the hydrothermal process and post-modification.B-SBA-15-NH_(2)exhibited good catalytic performance for the CO_(2)cycloaddition reaction,and 95%yield of propylene carbonate and satisfied selectivity(98%)were achieved in the presence of the KI cocatalyst.The efficient catalytic activity of B-SBA-15-NH_(2)resulted from the synergistic effects of B and HBD groups,together with the functionalized-NH_(2)groups.B-SBA-15-NH_(2)also exhibited good generality with acceptable yields for the corresponding cyclic carbonates in the CO_(2)cycloaddition with various epoxides.Furthermore,the developed B-SBA-15-NH_(2)catalyst could be easily separated by centrifugation and reused for five runs without an obvious loss in activity.The good activity and stable reusability of the metal-free B-SBA-15-NH_(2)catalyst demonstrate that it is a promising green candidate catalyst in the field of CO_(2)conversion.
