A qualia role-based entity-dependency graph(EDG)is proposed to represent and extract quantity relations for solving algebra story problems stated in Chinese.Traditional neural solvers use end-to-end models to translat...A qualia role-based entity-dependency graph(EDG)is proposed to represent and extract quantity relations for solving algebra story problems stated in Chinese.Traditional neural solvers use end-to-end models to translate problem texts into math expressions,which lack quantity relation acquisition in sophisticated scenarios.To address the problem,the proposed method leverages EDG to represent quantity relations hidden in qualia roles of math objects.Algorithms were designed for EDG generation and quantity relation extraction for solving algebra story problems.Experimental result shows that the proposedmethod achieved an average accuracy of 82.2%on quantity relation extraction compared to 74.5%of baseline method.Another prompt learning result shows a 5%increase obtained in problem solving by injecting the extracted quantity relations into the baseline neural solvers.展开更多
BACKGROUND The use of a problem-solving model guided by stimulus-organism-response(SOR)theory for women with postpartum depression after cesarean delivery may inform nursing interventions for women with postpartum dep...BACKGROUND The use of a problem-solving model guided by stimulus-organism-response(SOR)theory for women with postpartum depression after cesarean delivery may inform nursing interventions for women with postpartum depression.AIM To explore the state of mind and coping style of women with depression after cesarean delivery guided by SOR theory.METHODS Eighty postpartum depressed women with cesarean delivery admitted to the hospital between January 2022 and October 2023 were selected and divided into two groups of 40 cases each,according to the random number table method.In the control group,the observation group adopted the problem-solving nursing model under SOR theory.The two groups were consecutively intervened for 12 weeks,and the state of mind,coping styles,and degree of post-partum depression were analyzed at the end of the intervention.RESULTS The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and Hamilton Depression Scale-24-item scores of the observation group were lower than in the control group after care,and the level of improvement in the state of mind was higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).The level of coping with illness in the observation group after care(26.48±3.35)was higher than that in the control group(21.73±3.20),and the level of avoidance(12.04±2.68)and submission(8.14±1.15)was lower than that in the control group(15.75±2.69 and 9.95±1.20),with significant differences(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Adopting the problem-solving nursing model using SOR theory for postpartum depressed mothers after cesarean delivery reduced maternal depression,improved their state of mind,and coping level with illness.展开更多
Environmental issues are complex and malicious problems involving many characteristics, variables, increasing their level of uncertainty. How should victims of these problems be accompanied when trying to solve such c...Environmental issues are complex and malicious problems involving many characteristics, variables, increasing their level of uncertainty. How should victims of these problems be accompanied when trying to solve such complex environmental disasters？ A broad understanding of these problems and a feeling of self-efficacy must be present in problem solvers in order for them to persevere up to the formulation of effective solutions. Two new trends in problem solving inspired the development of an approach to accompany citizens dealing with environmental problems： design thinking and the use of ICT in problem solving. Design thinking, a creative solving approach created by IDEO, is a collaborative way to work during which intuition, abductive thinking, quick prototyping and the consumers＇ needs are put first. As for ICT, they can now be used to store, share, develop and criticize information and solutions （Facebook, Padlet... ）. Design thinking and Facebook were drawn on to accompany 10 poorly educated Moroccan women in solving a problem arising from flooding of the Ourika river. The women were taught to use electronic tablets and Facebook. During workshops and through Facebook, women were invited to share their experiences with floods and to find solutions to the poor quality of their drinking water, after floods. Design thinking allowed participants to explore many dimensions of the chosen problem and to prototype a certain number of solutions to purify their water. Facebook was profitable to better define the problem and as a communication and brainstorming tool （before and during the water filtration prototype trials）. Design thinking and Facebook turned out to be effective tools to pose the water problem more widely, to find solutions adapted to the participants＇ living conditions and to improve their self-efficacy in problem solving as well as their collaboration.展开更多
On June 27th, the China Construction Ministry (CCM) announced that China will intensify efforts to implement the supervision of construction standards with the goal of promoting energy saving practices. By 2010, u... On June 27th, the China Construction Ministry (CCM) announced that China will intensify efforts to implement the supervision of construction standards with the goal of promoting energy saving practices. By 2010, urban construction projects are expected to achieve energy savings of 50%, and by 2020 to save 351 million tons of coal.……展开更多
The sequence problem is the required content of the college entrance examination mathematics examination, and its comprehensive and diversified characteristics are quite significant, so it is necessary to teach studen...The sequence problem is the required content of the college entrance examination mathematics examination, and its comprehensive and diversified characteristics are quite significant, so it is necessary to teach students the necessary problem-solving skills. This paper takes the sequence problem as the research object, and focuses on the analysis of common problem-solving skills in its solution, in order to improve the ability of students to solve the sequence problem.展开更多
In the process of promoting the new curriculum reform, the new education concept guides the new teaching reform. For the important basic subject of primary school mathematics, teachers need to examine the teaching met...In the process of promoting the new curriculum reform, the new education concept guides the new teaching reform. For the important basic subject of primary school mathematics, teachers need to examine the teaching methods and teaching content, reconstruct the teaching mode according to the new curriculum standards and students reality, especially pay attention to the diversified research of problem solving methods, so as to tap students learning potential and enlighten their wisdom, promote the improvement of mathematics learning level. Specifically, in the teaching process, teachers should change their teaching concepts in time, encourage students to think actively, focus on consolidating basic knowledge, guide students to use flexibly, actively guide innovative research, cultivate students divergent thinking, carry out group cooperative learning, achieve the collision of students thinking, and pay attention to the application of life practice to ensure the effect of thinking expansion training.展开更多
The paper presents the comparative study on numerical methods of Euler method,Improved Euler method and fourth-order Runge-Kutta method for solving the engineering problems and applications.The three proposed methods ...The paper presents the comparative study on numerical methods of Euler method,Improved Euler method and fourth-order Runge-Kutta method for solving the engineering problems and applications.The three proposed methods are quite efficient and practically well suited for solving the unknown engineering problems.This paper aims to enhance the teaching and learning quality of teachers and students for various levels.At each point of the interval,the value of y is calculated and compared with its exact value at that point.The next interesting point is the observation of error from those methods.Error in the value of y is the difference between calculated and exact value.A mathematical equation which relates various functions with its derivatives is known as a differential equation.It is a popular field of mathematics because of its application to real-world problems.To calculate the exact values,the approximate values and the errors,the numerical tool such as MATLAB is appropriate for observing the results.This paper mainly concentrates on identifying the method which provides more accurate results.Then the analytical results and calculates their corresponding error were compared in details.The minimum error directly reflected to realize the best method from different numerical methods.According to the analyses from those three approaches,we observed that only the error is nominal for the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method.展开更多
In maths,some calculations are just as hard as word problems.Actually,they are word problems.Strategies of solving problems must be applied,while you are doing such calculations.Now,let's discuss a few questions a...In maths,some calculations are just as hard as word problems.Actually,they are word problems.Strategies of solving problems must be applied,while you are doing such calculations.Now,let's discuss a few questions as examples.展开更多
Algorithms are the primary component of Artificial Intelligence(AI).The algorithm is the process in AI that imitates the human mind to solve problems.Currently evaluating the performance of AI is achieved by evaluatin...Algorithms are the primary component of Artificial Intelligence(AI).The algorithm is the process in AI that imitates the human mind to solve problems.Currently evaluating the performance of AI is achieved by evaluating AI algorithms by metric scores on data sets.However the evaluation of algorithms in AI is challenging because the evaluation of the same type of algorithm has many data sets and evaluation metrics.Different algorithms may have individual strengths and weaknesses in evaluation metric scores on separate data sets,lacking the credibility and validity of the evaluation.Moreover,evaluation of algorithms requires repeated experiments on different data sets,reducing the attention of researchers to the research of the algorithms itself.Crucially,this approach to evaluating comparative metric scores does not take into account the algorithm’s ability to solve problems.And the classical algorithm evaluation of time and space complexity is not suitable for evaluating AI algorithms.Because classical algorithms input is infinite numbers,whereas AI algorithms input is a data set,which is limited and multifarious.According to the AI algorithm evaluation without response to the problem solving capability,this paper summarizes the features of AI algorithm evaluation and proposes an AI evaluation method that incorporates the problem-solving capabilities of algorithms.展开更多
“Integration is a hallmark of our era's development and a magic key to solve epochal problems.”“Medicine originated from humanity's initial expression of suffering and the primary desire to alleviate that s...“Integration is a hallmark of our era's development and a magic key to solve epochal problems.”“Medicine originated from humanity's initial expression of suffering and the primary desire to alleviate that suffering.”展开更多
The Institute of Soil Science(ISS)located at Nanjing is an academic community directly affiliated with the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).Being the cradle,research center,and talent highland of modern soil science i...The Institute of Soil Science(ISS)located at Nanjing is an academic community directly affiliated with the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).Being the cradle,research center,and talent highland of modern soil science in China,the institute is committed to promoting the development of soil science and to solving vital problems facing agricultural development,ecological conservation,and environmental protection.展开更多
The Institute of Soil Science(ISS)located at Nanjing is an academic community directly affiliated with the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).Being the cradle,research center,and talent highland of modern soil science i...The Institute of Soil Science(ISS)located at Nanjing is an academic community directly affiliated with the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).Being the cradle,research center,and talent highland of modern soil science in China,the institute is committed to promoting the development of soil science and to solving vital problems facing agricultural development,ecological conservation,and environmental protection.展开更多
The rapid development of artificial intelligence(AI),machine learning(ML),and deep learning(DL)in recent years has transformed many sectors.A fundamental shift has occurred in approaches to solving complex problems an...The rapid development of artificial intelligence(AI),machine learning(ML),and deep learning(DL)in recent years has transformed many sectors.A fundamental shift has occurred in approaches to solving complex problems and making decisions in many different fields.These advanced technologies have enabled significant breakthroughs in sectors including entertainment,finance,transportation,and healthcare.AI systems,which can analyze vast volumes of data,have significantly driven efficiency and innovation.With remarkable accuracy,patterns can be identified and predictions generated,improving decision-making processes and facilitating the development of more intelligent solutions.The increasing adoption of these technologies by organizations has expanded the potential for AI to change processes and improve results.展开更多
Objectives:Near misses happen more frequently than actual errors,and highlight system vulnerabilities without causing any harm,thus provide a safe space for organizational learning.Second-order problem solving behavio...Objectives:Near misses happen more frequently than actual errors,and highlight system vulnerabilities without causing any harm,thus provide a safe space for organizational learning.Second-order problem solving behavior offers a new perspective to better understand how nurses promote learning from near misses to improve organizational outcomes.This study aimed to explore frontline nurses’perspectives on using second-order problem solving behavior in learning from near misses to improve patient safety.Methods:A qualitative exploratory study design was employed.This study was conducted in three tertiary hospitals in east China from June to November 2015.Purposive sampling was used to recruit 19 frontline nurses.Semi-structured interviews and a qualitative directed content analysis was undertaken using Crossan’s 4I Framework of Organizational Learning as a coding framework.Results:Second-order problem solving behavior,based on the 4I Framework of Organizational Learning,was referred to as being a leader in exposing near misses,pushing forward the cause analysis within limited capacity,balancing the active and passive role during improvement project,and promoting the continuous improvement with passion while feeling low-powered.Conclusions:4I Framework of Organizational Learning can be an underlying guide to enrich frontline nurses’role in promoting organizations to learn from near misses.In this study,nurses displayed their pivotal role in organizational learning from near misses by using second-order problem solving.However,additional knowledge,skills,and support are needed to maximize the application of second-order problem solving behavior when near misses are recognized.展开更多
In this paper, we propose a modified evolutionary programming with dynamic domain for solving nonlinear IP/MIP problems with linear constraints, without involving penalty function or any transformation for the problem...In this paper, we propose a modified evolutionary programming with dynamic domain for solving nonlinear IP/MIP problems with linear constraints, without involving penalty function or any transformation for the problem to a linear model or others. The numerical results show that the new algorithm gives a satisfactory performance in which it works of high speed, and accuracy in IP/MIP problems.展开更多
Axiomatic design (AD) and theory of inventive problem solving (TRIZ) are widely used in conceptual design. Both of them have limitations, however. We presented an integrated model of these two methods to increase the ...Axiomatic design (AD) and theory of inventive problem solving (TRIZ) are widely used in conceptual design. Both of them have limitations, however. We presented an integrated model of these two methods to increase the efficiency and quality of the problem solving process for conceptual design. AD is used for systematically defining and structuring a problem into a hierarchy. Sometimes, the design matrix is coupled in AD which indicates the functional requirements are coupled. TRIZ separation principles can be used to separate non-independent design parameters, which provide innovative solutions at each hierarchical level. We applied the integrated model to the heating and drying equipment of bitumen reproduction device. The result verifies that the integrated model can work very well in conceptual design.展开更多
Smart cities have different contradicting goals having no apparent solution.The selection of the appropriate solution,which is considered the best compromise among the candidates,is known as complex problem-solving.Sm...Smart cities have different contradicting goals having no apparent solution.The selection of the appropriate solution,which is considered the best compromise among the candidates,is known as complex problem-solving.Smart city administrators face different problems of complex nature,such as optimal energy trading in microgrids and optimal comfort index in smart homes,to mention a few.This paper proposes a novel architecture to offer complex problem solutions as a service(CPSaaS)based on predictive model optimization and optimal task orchestration to offer solutions to different problems in a smart city.Predictive model optimization uses a machine learning module and optimization objective to compute the given problem’s solutions.The task orchestration module helps decompose the complex problem in small tasks and deploy them on real-world physical sensors and actuators.The proposed architecture is hierarchical and modular,making it robust against faults and easy to maintain.The proposed architecture’s evaluation results highlight its strengths in fault tolerance,accuracy,and processing speed.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.62177024,62007014)the Humanities and Social Sciences Youth Fund of the Ministry of Education (No.20YJC880024)+1 种基金China Post Doctoral Science Foundation (No.2019M652678)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No.CCNU20ZT019).
文摘A qualia role-based entity-dependency graph(EDG)is proposed to represent and extract quantity relations for solving algebra story problems stated in Chinese.Traditional neural solvers use end-to-end models to translate problem texts into math expressions,which lack quantity relation acquisition in sophisticated scenarios.To address the problem,the proposed method leverages EDG to represent quantity relations hidden in qualia roles of math objects.Algorithms were designed for EDG generation and quantity relation extraction for solving algebra story problems.Experimental result shows that the proposedmethod achieved an average accuracy of 82.2%on quantity relation extraction compared to 74.5%of baseline method.Another prompt learning result shows a 5%increase obtained in problem solving by injecting the extracted quantity relations into the baseline neural solvers.
文摘BACKGROUND The use of a problem-solving model guided by stimulus-organism-response(SOR)theory for women with postpartum depression after cesarean delivery may inform nursing interventions for women with postpartum depression.AIM To explore the state of mind and coping style of women with depression after cesarean delivery guided by SOR theory.METHODS Eighty postpartum depressed women with cesarean delivery admitted to the hospital between January 2022 and October 2023 were selected and divided into two groups of 40 cases each,according to the random number table method.In the control group,the observation group adopted the problem-solving nursing model under SOR theory.The two groups were consecutively intervened for 12 weeks,and the state of mind,coping styles,and degree of post-partum depression were analyzed at the end of the intervention.RESULTS The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and Hamilton Depression Scale-24-item scores of the observation group were lower than in the control group after care,and the level of improvement in the state of mind was higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).The level of coping with illness in the observation group after care(26.48±3.35)was higher than that in the control group(21.73±3.20),and the level of avoidance(12.04±2.68)and submission(8.14±1.15)was lower than that in the control group(15.75±2.69 and 9.95±1.20),with significant differences(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Adopting the problem-solving nursing model using SOR theory for postpartum depressed mothers after cesarean delivery reduced maternal depression,improved their state of mind,and coping level with illness.
文摘Environmental issues are complex and malicious problems involving many characteristics, variables, increasing their level of uncertainty. How should victims of these problems be accompanied when trying to solve such complex environmental disasters？ A broad understanding of these problems and a feeling of self-efficacy must be present in problem solvers in order for them to persevere up to the formulation of effective solutions. Two new trends in problem solving inspired the development of an approach to accompany citizens dealing with environmental problems： design thinking and the use of ICT in problem solving. Design thinking, a creative solving approach created by IDEO, is a collaborative way to work during which intuition, abductive thinking, quick prototyping and the consumers＇ needs are put first. As for ICT, they can now be used to store, share, develop and criticize information and solutions （Facebook, Padlet... ）. Design thinking and Facebook were drawn on to accompany 10 poorly educated Moroccan women in solving a problem arising from flooding of the Ourika river. The women were taught to use electronic tablets and Facebook. During workshops and through Facebook, women were invited to share their experiences with floods and to find solutions to the poor quality of their drinking water, after floods. Design thinking allowed participants to explore many dimensions of the chosen problem and to prototype a certain number of solutions to purify their water. Facebook was profitable to better define the problem and as a communication and brainstorming tool （before and during the water filtration prototype trials）. Design thinking and Facebook turned out to be effective tools to pose the water problem more widely, to find solutions adapted to the participants＇ living conditions and to improve their self-efficacy in problem solving as well as their collaboration.
文摘 On June 27th, the China Construction Ministry (CCM) announced that China will intensify efforts to implement the supervision of construction standards with the goal of promoting energy saving practices. By 2010, urban construction projects are expected to achieve energy savings of 50%, and by 2020 to save 351 million tons of coal.……
文摘The sequence problem is the required content of the college entrance examination mathematics examination, and its comprehensive and diversified characteristics are quite significant, so it is necessary to teach students the necessary problem-solving skills. This paper takes the sequence problem as the research object, and focuses on the analysis of common problem-solving skills in its solution, in order to improve the ability of students to solve the sequence problem.
文摘In the process of promoting the new curriculum reform, the new education concept guides the new teaching reform. For the important basic subject of primary school mathematics, teachers need to examine the teaching methods and teaching content, reconstruct the teaching mode according to the new curriculum standards and students reality, especially pay attention to the diversified research of problem solving methods, so as to tap students learning potential and enlighten their wisdom, promote the improvement of mathematics learning level. Specifically, in the teaching process, teachers should change their teaching concepts in time, encourage students to think actively, focus on consolidating basic knowledge, guide students to use flexibly, actively guide innovative research, cultivate students divergent thinking, carry out group cooperative learning, achieve the collision of students thinking, and pay attention to the application of life practice to ensure the effect of thinking expansion training.
文摘The paper presents the comparative study on numerical methods of Euler method,Improved Euler method and fourth-order Runge-Kutta method for solving the engineering problems and applications.The three proposed methods are quite efficient and practically well suited for solving the unknown engineering problems.This paper aims to enhance the teaching and learning quality of teachers and students for various levels.At each point of the interval,the value of y is calculated and compared with its exact value at that point.The next interesting point is the observation of error from those methods.Error in the value of y is the difference between calculated and exact value.A mathematical equation which relates various functions with its derivatives is known as a differential equation.It is a popular field of mathematics because of its application to real-world problems.To calculate the exact values,the approximate values and the errors,the numerical tool such as MATLAB is appropriate for observing the results.This paper mainly concentrates on identifying the method which provides more accurate results.Then the analytical results and calculates their corresponding error were compared in details.The minimum error directly reflected to realize the best method from different numerical methods.According to the analyses from those three approaches,we observed that only the error is nominal for the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method.
文摘In maths,some calculations are just as hard as word problems.Actually,they are word problems.Strategies of solving problems must be applied,while you are doing such calculations.Now,let's discuss a few questions as examples.
基金funded by the General Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China grant number[62277022].
文摘Algorithms are the primary component of Artificial Intelligence(AI).The algorithm is the process in AI that imitates the human mind to solve problems.Currently evaluating the performance of AI is achieved by evaluating AI algorithms by metric scores on data sets.However the evaluation of algorithms in AI is challenging because the evaluation of the same type of algorithm has many data sets and evaluation metrics.Different algorithms may have individual strengths and weaknesses in evaluation metric scores on separate data sets,lacking the credibility and validity of the evaluation.Moreover,evaluation of algorithms requires repeated experiments on different data sets,reducing the attention of researchers to the research of the algorithms itself.Crucially,this approach to evaluating comparative metric scores does not take into account the algorithm’s ability to solve problems.And the classical algorithm evaluation of time and space complexity is not suitable for evaluating AI algorithms.Because classical algorithms input is infinite numbers,whereas AI algorithms input is a data set,which is limited and multifarious.According to the AI algorithm evaluation without response to the problem solving capability,this paper summarizes the features of AI algorithm evaluation and proposes an AI evaluation method that incorporates the problem-solving capabilities of algorithms.
基金released in Chengdu on June 22,2024,jointly signed and advocated by over 100 academicians from Chinese Academy of Sciences and Chinese Academy of Engineering,and more than 100 presidents from medical universities across China.
文摘“Integration is a hallmark of our era's development and a magic key to solve epochal problems.”“Medicine originated from humanity's initial expression of suffering and the primary desire to alleviate that suffering.”
文摘The Institute of Soil Science(ISS)located at Nanjing is an academic community directly affiliated with the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).Being the cradle,research center,and talent highland of modern soil science in China,the institute is committed to promoting the development of soil science and to solving vital problems facing agricultural development,ecological conservation,and environmental protection.
文摘The Institute of Soil Science(ISS)located at Nanjing is an academic community directly affiliated with the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).Being the cradle,research center,and talent highland of modern soil science in China,the institute is committed to promoting the development of soil science and to solving vital problems facing agricultural development,ecological conservation,and environmental protection.
基金funded by the Research,Development,and Innovation Authority(RDIA),Kingdom of Saudi Arabia,with grant number 13382-PSU-2023-PSNU-R-3-1-EIsupported by the Automated Systems and Computing Lab(ASCL),Prince Sultan University,Riyadh,Saudi Arabia.
文摘The rapid development of artificial intelligence(AI),machine learning(ML),and deep learning(DL)in recent years has transformed many sectors.A fundamental shift has occurred in approaches to solving complex problems and making decisions in many different fields.These advanced technologies have enabled significant breakthroughs in sectors including entertainment,finance,transportation,and healthcare.AI systems,which can analyze vast volumes of data,have significantly driven efficiency and innovation.With remarkable accuracy,patterns can be identified and predictions generated,improving decision-making processes and facilitating the development of more intelligent solutions.The increasing adoption of these technologies by organizations has expanded the potential for AI to change processes and improve results.
文摘Objectives:Near misses happen more frequently than actual errors,and highlight system vulnerabilities without causing any harm,thus provide a safe space for organizational learning.Second-order problem solving behavior offers a new perspective to better understand how nurses promote learning from near misses to improve organizational outcomes.This study aimed to explore frontline nurses’perspectives on using second-order problem solving behavior in learning from near misses to improve patient safety.Methods:A qualitative exploratory study design was employed.This study was conducted in three tertiary hospitals in east China from June to November 2015.Purposive sampling was used to recruit 19 frontline nurses.Semi-structured interviews and a qualitative directed content analysis was undertaken using Crossan’s 4I Framework of Organizational Learning as a coding framework.Results:Second-order problem solving behavior,based on the 4I Framework of Organizational Learning,was referred to as being a leader in exposing near misses,pushing forward the cause analysis within limited capacity,balancing the active and passive role during improvement project,and promoting the continuous improvement with passion while feeling low-powered.Conclusions:4I Framework of Organizational Learning can be an underlying guide to enrich frontline nurses’role in promoting organizations to learn from near misses.In this study,nurses displayed their pivotal role in organizational learning from near misses by using second-order problem solving.However,additional knowledge,skills,and support are needed to maximize the application of second-order problem solving behavior when near misses are recognized.
基金This project was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.
文摘In this paper, we propose a modified evolutionary programming with dynamic domain for solving nonlinear IP/MIP problems with linear constraints, without involving penalty function or any transformation for the problem to a linear model or others. The numerical results show that the new algorithm gives a satisfactory performance in which it works of high speed, and accuracy in IP/MIP problems.
基金Funded by the Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 50575083)
文摘Axiomatic design (AD) and theory of inventive problem solving (TRIZ) are widely used in conceptual design. Both of them have limitations, however. We presented an integrated model of these two methods to increase the efficiency and quality of the problem solving process for conceptual design. AD is used for systematically defining and structuring a problem into a hierarchy. Sometimes, the design matrix is coupled in AD which indicates the functional requirements are coupled. TRIZ separation principles can be used to separate non-independent design parameters, which provide innovative solutions at each hierarchical level. We applied the integrated model to the heating and drying equipment of bitumen reproduction device. The result verifies that the integrated model can work very well in conceptual design.
基金This research was supported by Energy Cloud R&D Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)funded by the Ministry of Science,ICT(2019M3F2A1073387)this research was supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)funded by the Ministry of Education(2018R1D1A1A09082919)this research was supported by Institute for Information&communications Technology Planning&Evaluation(IITP)grant funded by the Korea government(MSIT)(No.2018-0-01456,AutoMaTa:Autonomous Management framework based on artificial intelligent Technology for adaptive and disposable IoT).Any correspondence related to this paper should be addressed to Dohyeun Kim.
文摘Smart cities have different contradicting goals having no apparent solution.The selection of the appropriate solution,which is considered the best compromise among the candidates,is known as complex problem-solving.Smart city administrators face different problems of complex nature,such as optimal energy trading in microgrids and optimal comfort index in smart homes,to mention a few.This paper proposes a novel architecture to offer complex problem solutions as a service(CPSaaS)based on predictive model optimization and optimal task orchestration to offer solutions to different problems in a smart city.Predictive model optimization uses a machine learning module and optimization objective to compute the given problem’s solutions.The task orchestration module helps decompose the complex problem in small tasks and deploy them on real-world physical sensors and actuators.The proposed architecture is hierarchical and modular,making it robust against faults and easy to maintain.The proposed architecture’s evaluation results highlight its strengths in fault tolerance,accuracy,and processing speed.
