This paper reports a study of complex focussing acoustic fields of a convex phased array probe widely used in ultrasonic diagnostic B-scanner. The time delay necessary for electronic focussing and for geometric focuss...This paper reports a study of complex focussing acoustic fields of a convex phased array probe widely used in ultrasonic diagnostic B-scanner. The time delay necessary for electronic focussing and for geometric focussing of complex focussing is given. By means of Helmholtz's integral formula, the expressions of acoustic fields were obtained for the electronic focussing and complex focussing.With Simpson's numerical integral, a great deal of computations was carried out with an 86 / 330 computer. By means of using different parameters, an optimum focal range and beam width of a 4 sequences electronic and complex focussing acoustic system was selected. With an EUB-40 ultrasound diagnostic B-scanner produced by the Hitachi company, the lateral focussing acoustic field and lateral resolution in an echoic tank were photographed by latticing method and the experimental result is consistent with the theory.展开更多
Matrix metalloproteinases(MMPs),coupled with other proteinases and glycanases,can degrade proteoglycans,collagens,and other extracellular matrix(ECM)components in inflammatory and non-inflammatory arthritis,making the...Matrix metalloproteinases(MMPs),coupled with other proteinases and glycanases,can degrade proteoglycans,collagens,and other extracellular matrix(ECM)components in inflammatory and non-inflammatory arthritis,making them important pathogenic molecules and ideal disease indicators and pharmaceutical intervention triggers.For MMP responsiveness,MMP-sensitive peptides(MSPs)are among the most easily synthesized and cost-effective substrates,with free ter-minal amine and/or carboxyl groups extensively employed in multiple designs.We hereby provide a comprehensive review over the mechanisms and advances in MSP applications for the management of arthritis.These applications include early and precise diagnosis of MMP activity via fluorescence probe technologies;acting as nanodrug carriers to enable on-demand drug release triggered by pathological microenvironments;and facilitating cartilage engineering through MMP-mediated degradation,which promotes cell migration,matrix synthesis,and tissue integration.Specifically,the ultra-sensitive MSP diagnostic probes could significantly advance the early diagnosis and detection of osteoarthritis(OA),while MSP-based drug carriers for rheumatoid arthritis(RA)can intelligently release antiinflammatory drugs effectively during flare-ups,or even before symptoms manifest.The continuous progress in MSP development may acceleratedly lead to novel management regimens for arthropathy in the future.展开更多
文摘This paper reports a study of complex focussing acoustic fields of a convex phased array probe widely used in ultrasonic diagnostic B-scanner. The time delay necessary for electronic focussing and for geometric focussing of complex focussing is given. By means of Helmholtz's integral formula, the expressions of acoustic fields were obtained for the electronic focussing and complex focussing.With Simpson's numerical integral, a great deal of computations was carried out with an 86 / 330 computer. By means of using different parameters, an optimum focal range and beam width of a 4 sequences electronic and complex focussing acoustic system was selected. With an EUB-40 ultrasound diagnostic B-scanner produced by the Hitachi company, the lateral focussing acoustic field and lateral resolution in an echoic tank were photographed by latticing method and the experimental result is consistent with the theory.
基金jointly supported by National Key R&D Program of China(2023YFB4606700)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82272561)+2 种基金Sichuan Science and Technology Program(2024NSFSC0002)“1.3.5”Project for Disciplines of Excellence,West China Hospital,Sichuan University(ZYGD23037)China Post-doctoral Science Foundation(2024M752242).
文摘Matrix metalloproteinases(MMPs),coupled with other proteinases and glycanases,can degrade proteoglycans,collagens,and other extracellular matrix(ECM)components in inflammatory and non-inflammatory arthritis,making them important pathogenic molecules and ideal disease indicators and pharmaceutical intervention triggers.For MMP responsiveness,MMP-sensitive peptides(MSPs)are among the most easily synthesized and cost-effective substrates,with free ter-minal amine and/or carboxyl groups extensively employed in multiple designs.We hereby provide a comprehensive review over the mechanisms and advances in MSP applications for the management of arthritis.These applications include early and precise diagnosis of MMP activity via fluorescence probe technologies;acting as nanodrug carriers to enable on-demand drug release triggered by pathological microenvironments;and facilitating cartilage engineering through MMP-mediated degradation,which promotes cell migration,matrix synthesis,and tissue integration.Specifically,the ultra-sensitive MSP diagnostic probes could significantly advance the early diagnosis and detection of osteoarthritis(OA),while MSP-based drug carriers for rheumatoid arthritis(RA)can intelligently release antiinflammatory drugs effectively during flare-ups,or even before symptoms manifest.The continuous progress in MSP development may acceleratedly lead to novel management regimens for arthropathy in the future.
