Screen printing is regarded as a highly competitive manufacture technology for scalable and fast fabrication of printed microelectronics, owing to its advanced merits of low-cost, facile operability and scalability.Ho...Screen printing is regarded as a highly competitive manufacture technology for scalable and fast fabrication of printed microelectronics, owing to its advanced merits of low-cost, facile operability and scalability.However, its large-scale application in printed microelectronics is still limited by screen printing functional ink. In this review, we summarize the recent advances of ink formation, typical scalable applications, and challenging perspectives of screen printing for emerging printed microelectronics. Firstly, we introduce the major mechanism of screen printing and the formation of different organic-and aqueous-based inks by various solvents and binders. Next, we review the most widely used applications of screen printing technique in micro-batteries, micro-supercapacitors and micro-sensors, demonstrative of wide applicability.Finally, the perspectives and future challenges in the sight of screen printing are briefly discussed.展开更多
Flexible electrode films play critical and fundamental roles in the successful development of flexible electronic devices. In this study, carbon nanotubes（CNTs） were implanted into silver（Ag） ink to enhance the el...Flexible electrode films play critical and fundamental roles in the successful development of flexible electronic devices. In this study, carbon nanotubes（CNTs） were implanted into silver（Ag） ink to enhance the electrical conductivity and the reliability of the printed Ag electrode films. The fabricated carbon nanotubes-enriched silver（Ag-CNTs） electrode films were printed on the polyimide substrates by a facile screen printing method and sintered at a relatively low temperature. The resistivity of Ag-CNTs films was decreased by 62.27% compared with the pure Ag film. Additionally, the Ag-CNTs films exhibited excellent flexibility under a bending radius of 4 mm（strain ε = 2.09%） over 1000 cycles. Furthermore, the Ag-CNTs film displayed unchangeable electrical conductivity together with a strong adhesion after an accelerated aging test with 500 thermal shock cycles. These improvements were attributed to the AgCNTs interconnected network structure, which can provide electronic transmission channels and prevent cracks from initiating and propagating.展开更多
Fractal-structured silver particles(FSSPs)are conductive materials with a micron-scale trunk and nanoscale branches,and are characterized with high electrical conductivity and high connectivity.In this study,FSSPs wer...Fractal-structured silver particles(FSSPs)are conductive materials with a micron-scale trunk and nanoscale branches,and are characterized with high electrical conductivity and high connectivity.In this study,FSSPs were added to an aqueous additive solution for synthesizing a conductive ink,which was used to prepare two types of printing electrodes via screen printing.The first type included two flexible printed electrodes(FPEs):an FPE on a polyethylene terephthalate(PET)film and an FPE on paper.The second one was a polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS)-embedded FPE.The PETbased FPE exhibited high electrochemical stability when its sheet resistance was 0.38Ω/sq for a 50%(w/w)content of FSSPs in the prepared conductive ink.Moreover,the embedded FPE demonstrated excellent mechanical properties and high chemical stability.In addition,the embedded structure was endowed with stretchability,which is important for different devices,such as flexible biomedical sensors and flexible electronics.展开更多
’97 Wuhan International Screen Special Printing Technology Exhibition was held from May 21—24, 1997 in Wuhan city,the capital of Hubei Province. 120 famous exhibitors from China, USA, Canada, Holland, Japan, Korea, ...’97 Wuhan International Screen Special Printing Technology Exhibition was held from May 21—24, 1997 in Wuhan city,the capital of Hubei Province. 120 famous exhibitors from China, USA, Canada, Holland, Japan, Korea, and Hong Kong, Taiwan districts attended the Exhibition. The booth area was more than 5000 m^2.展开更多
Up-conversion(UC)luminescent materials doped with Ln^(3+)ions possess excellent optical properties and extensive applications in the formulation of multifunctional fluorescence ink.Printing technology offers various m...Up-conversion(UC)luminescent materials doped with Ln^(3+)ions possess excellent optical properties and extensive applications in the formulation of multifunctional fluorescence ink.Printing technology offers various methods for the preparation of UC fluorescent inks.This study introduced the optical properties of luminescent materials doped with Ln^(3+)ions,including luminescence characteristics and spectral characteristics,which provide a basis for the subsequent printing process.We also reviewed different printing techniques,including direct writing,screen printing,laser printing,inkjet printing,and aerosol jet printing(AJP),developed so far in the literature and explored the printing process of ink characteristics.However,the printing process of inks was explored and their potential for various applications was maximized.Therefore,the printing technology of UC fluorescent inks still faces challenges in different aspects.This review also points out the direction for future in-depth research,which is expected to promote further development and innovation in the field.展开更多
Conductive inks based on graphene materials have received significant attention for the fabrication of a wide range of printed and flexible devices.However,the application of graphene fillers is limited by their restr...Conductive inks based on graphene materials have received significant attention for the fabrication of a wide range of printed and flexible devices.However,the application of graphene fillers is limited by their restricted mass production and the low concentration of their suspensions.In this study,a highly concentrated and conductive ink based on defect-free graphene was developed by a scalable fluid dynamics process.A high shear exfoliation and mixing process enabled the production of graphene at a high concentration of 47.5 mg mL^(−1)for graphene ink.The screen-printed graphene conductor exhibits a high electrical conductivity of 1.49×10^(4)S m^(−1)and maintains high conductivity under mechanical bending,compressing,and fatigue tests.Based on the as-prepared graphene ink,a printed electrochemical sodium ion(Na^(+))sensor that shows high potentiometric sensing performance was fabricated.Further,by integrating a wireless electronic module,a prototype Na^(+)-sensing watch is demonstrated for the real-time monitoring of the sodium ion concentration in human sweat during the indoor exercise of a volunteer.The scalable and efficient procedure for the preparation of graphene ink presented in this work is very promising for the low-cost,reproducible,and large-scale printing of flexible and wearable electronic devices.展开更多
As a critical component for the realization of flexible electronics,multifunctional electronic textiles(etextiles)still struggle to achieve controllable printing accuracy,excellent flexibility,decent washability and s...As a critical component for the realization of flexible electronics,multifunctional electronic textiles(etextiles)still struggle to achieve controllable printing accuracy,excellent flexibility,decent washability and simple manufacturing.The printing process of conductive ink plays an important role in manufacturing e-textiles and meanwhile is also the main source of printing defects.In this work,we report the preparation of fully flexible and washable textile-based conductive circuits with screen-printing method based on novel-developed UV-curing conductive ink that contains low temperature and fast cure features.This work systematically investigated the correlation between ink formulation,rheological properties,screen printability on fabric substrates,and the electrical properties of the e-textile made thereafter.The rheological behaviors,including the thixotropic behavior and oscillatory stress sweep of the conductive inks was found depending heavily on the polymer to diluent ratio in the formulation.Subsequently,the rheological response of the inks during screen printing showed determining influence to their printability on textile,that the proper control of ink base viscosity,recovery time and storage/loss modulus is key to ensure the uniformity of printed conductive lines and therefore the electrical conductivity of fabricated e-textiles.A formulation with 24 wt%polymer and 10.8 wt%diluent meets all these stringent requirements.The conductive lines with 1.0 mm width showed exceptionally low resistivity of 2.06×10^(-5)Ωcm Moreover,the conductive lines presented excellent bending tolerance,and there was no significant change in the sample electrical resistance during 10 cycles of washing and drying processes.It is believed that these novel findings and the promising results of the prepared product will provide the basic guideline to the ink formulation design and applications for screen-printing electronics textiles.展开更多
In this study, indoor air quality （IAQ） assessments were carried out in a screen printing facility. The air sampling was conducted in press department, including two different types of screen printing machines： sem...In this study, indoor air quality （IAQ） assessments were carried out in a screen printing facility. The air sampling was conducted in press department, including two different types of screen printing machines： semi-automatic and automatic. Air samples were collected and analyzed in situ for 4 times, once per 2 hours, during working time of 8 hours. Analysis of the experimental data showed that ambient ozone concentrations slowly increases with the increasing of TVOCs concentration and intensive use of UV lamps during automatic screen printing process. Therefore, the detected concentration levels of ozone and VOCs were compared with the Occupational Safety and Health Administration （OSHA） and Serbian Regulation. Comparison of the two mentioned standard regulations, the ozone concentrations in indoor printing air were from 0.83 to 8.1 and 2.4 to 16.2 times higher in the relation to the prescribed PEL and maximum allowed concentration （MAC） values, respectively, while the concentrations of particular VOCs were much below the PEL prescribed by the OSHA.展开更多
Free organic solvent ink containing graphite, carboxymethyl cellulose and microfibrillated cellulose as active material, dispersing and binder, respectively, has been formulated to produce flexible and eco- sustainabl...Free organic solvent ink containing graphite, carboxymethyl cellulose and microfibrillated cellulose as active material, dispersing and binder, respectively, has been formulated to produce flexible and eco- sustainable electrodes for lithium ion batteries. Content ratio of components and dispersion protocol were tailored in order to have theological properties suitable for a large and cheap manufacturing process as well as screen printing. The bio-sourced printed electrodes exhibit a high porosity value of 70% that limits the electrochemical performances. However, the calendering process enhances electrode performances by increasing the reversible capacity from 85 until 315 mAh/g and reducing porosity to an optimal value of 34%. Moreover the introduction of 2% w/w of monofluoro-ethylene carbonate in the electrolyte reduced their reversible capacity loss of 11% in the printed electrode.展开更多
Compared with bar code and quick response( QR) code in the storage and retailing management of textiles, the ultra-high frequency( UHF) radio frequency identification( RFID) tags have high information capacity as well...Compared with bar code and quick response( QR) code in the storage and retailing management of textiles, the ultra-high frequency( UHF) radio frequency identification( RFID) tags have high information capacity as well as reliability in complex environmental conditions. In this study,the UHF RFID tags with perfect integration with textiles are assembled with screen-printed antenna on woven water-mark nylon fabric and Alien UHF integrated circuit( IC), and their reading performance under various washing and bending conditions is evaluated by an RFID reader. The results show that the tags after fifty bending( both arch and sink) cycles of screen-printed antenna still have reading distance more than 5.5 m,and an average reading distance is over 4.0 m after five washing cycles. The experimental results demonstrate that the tag antenna on the water-mark fabric can be manufactured by the screen-printing technology,and a coating process on this fabric facilitates the reading performance and the resistance against complex mechanical impact.展开更多
The current work focuses on the development of a sensitive and selective electrochemical device based on a graphite screen printed electrode modified with Dy2（WO4）3 nanoparticles（DWO/SPE） for the analysis of epine...The current work focuses on the development of a sensitive and selective electrochemical device based on a graphite screen printed electrode modified with Dy2（WO4）3 nanoparticles（DWO/SPE） for the analysis of epinephrine in samples also containing acetylcholine. The study proves that the sensor has excellent electron-mediating behavior in the oxidation of epinephrine in a 0.1 mol/L phosphate buffer solution（PBS）（pH 7.0）. The application of the DWO/SPE in differential pulse voltammetry（DPV） is found to lead to distinct response for the oxidation of epinephrine and acetylcholine, with the potentials of the epinephrine and acetylcholine peaks（△Ep） to be 550 mV apart. The detection limits of the method for epinephrine and acetylcholine are 0.5 and 0.7 μmol/L（S/N = 3） and the responses are found to be linear in the concentration ranges of 1.0-900.0 μmol/L and 1.0-1200.0 μmol/L in a PBS buffer（pH = 7.0）respectively. The modified electrode was used for the detection of epinephrine and acetylcholine in real samples and found to produce satisfactory results. These results can be a proof that Dy2（WO4）3 nanoparticles can find promising applications in electrochemical sensors to be used for the analysis of（bio）chemical species.展开更多
In order to address the current inability of screen printing to monitor printing pressure online,an online printing pressure monitoring system applied to screen printing machines was designed in this study.In this stu...In order to address the current inability of screen printing to monitor printing pressure online,an online printing pressure monitoring system applied to screen printing machines was designed in this study.In this study,the consistency of printed electrodes was measured by using a confocal microscope and the pressure distribution detected by online pressure monitoring system was compared to investigate the relationship.The results demonstrated the relationship between printing pressure and the consistency of printed electrodes.As printing pressure increases,the ink layer at the corresponding position becomes thicker and that higher printing pressure enhances the consistency of the printed electrodes.The experiment confirms the feasibility of the online pressure monitoring system,which aids in predicting and controlling the consistency of printed electrodes,thereby improving their performance.展开更多
In the printing industry,the common method of coloring relies on inks,which contains amounts of chemical agents,causing environment pollution.However,structural color achieves coloration through the refraction and dif...In the printing industry,the common method of coloring relies on inks,which contains amounts of chemical agents,causing environment pollution.However,structural color achieves coloration through the refraction and diffraction of light by periodic structure,offering eco-friendly and fade-resistant advantages,as well as colorful.In this study,screen printing was used to create patterned mask on paper substrates.Then,coated SiO_(2)microspheres on the mask to create structural color patterns with angle-dependent color characteristics.The patterns showed color changes from rose-red to orange to green by changing the viewing angle.By changing the color grayscale,the absorption of stray light by the substrate was enhanced,thereby the brightness and saturation of the structural color improved too.This method is simple,cost-effective,and environmentally friendly,and it has highly promising for the application in printing and anti-counterfeiting.展开更多
The advancement of planar micro-supercapacitors(PMSCs)for micro-electromechanical systems(MEMS)has been significantly hindered by the challenge of achieving high energy and power densities.This study addresses this is...The advancement of planar micro-supercapacitors(PMSCs)for micro-electromechanical systems(MEMS)has been significantly hindered by the challenge of achieving high energy and power densities.This study addresses this issue by leveraging screen-printing technology to fabricate high-performance PMSCs using innovative composite ink.The ink,a synergistic blend of few-layer graphene(Gt),carbon black(CB),and NiCo_(2)O_(4),was meticulously mixed to form a conductive and robust coating that enhanced the capacitive performance of the PMSCs.The optimized ink formulation and printing process result in a micro-supercapacitor with an exceptional areal capacitance of 18.95 mF/cm^(2)and an areal energy density of 2.63μW·h/cm^(2)at a current density of 0.05 mA/cm^(2),along with an areal power density of 0.025 mW/cm^(2).The devices demonstrated impressive durability with a capacitance retention rate of 94.7%after a stringent 20000-cycle test,demonstrating their potential for long-term applications.Moreover,the PMSCs displayed excellent mechanical flexibility,with a capacitance decrease of only 3.43%after 5000 bending cycles,highlighting their suitability for flexible electronic devices.The ease of integrating these PMSCs into series and parallel configurations for customized power further underscores their practicality for integrated power supply solutions in various technologies.展开更多
A wearable health monitoring system is a promising device for opening the era of the fourth industrial revolution due to increasing interest in health among modern people.Wearable health monitoring systems were demons...A wearable health monitoring system is a promising device for opening the era of the fourth industrial revolution due to increasing interest in health among modern people.Wearable health monitoring systems were demonstrated by several researchers,but still have critical issues of low performance,inefficient and complex fabrication processes.Here,we present the world’s first wearable multifunctional health monitoring system based on flash-induced porous graphene(FPG).FPG was efficiently synthesized via flash lamp,resulting in a large area in four milliseconds.Moreover,to demonstrate the sensing performance of FPG,a wearable multifunctional health monitoring system was fabricated onto a single substrate.A carbon nanotube-polydimethylsiloxane(CNT-PDMS)nanocomposite electrode was successfully formed on the uneven FPG surface using screen printing.The performance of the FPG-based wearable multifunctional health monitoring system was enhanced by the large surface area of the 3D-porous structure FPG.Finally,the FPG-based wearable multifunctional health monitoring system effectively detected motion,skin temperature,and sweat with a strain GF of 2564.38,a linear thermal response of 0.98Ω℃^(-1) under the skin temperature range,and a low ion detection limit of 10μM.展开更多
Screen printing using metal particle pastes,the current photovoltaic industry metallization standard,provides fast and reliable metal grids for silicon solar cells.Recently,metal complex or reactive metal inks are att...Screen printing using metal particle pastes,the current photovoltaic industry metallization standard,provides fast and reliable metal grids for silicon solar cells.Recently,metal complex or reactive metal inks are attracting research interest due to their significantly low cost and higher performance compared to traditional nanoparticle silver pastes.In this work,we demonstrate,for the first time,screen-printed high-efficiency silicon heterojunction solar cells metallized by silver metal complex inks on industrial G1-size(158.75×158.75 mm^(2))wafers.展开更多
This work reports on the development of pastes containing Ti,TiC,Si,and C elementary powders for in situ synthesis of Ti3SiC2 via screen printing.Four paste compositions were manufactured using two powder mixtures(Ti/...This work reports on the development of pastes containing Ti,TiC,Si,and C elementary powders for in situ synthesis of Ti3SiC2 via screen printing.Four paste compositions were manufactured using two powder mixtures(Ti/Si/C and Ti/TiC/Si/C)with different stoichiometry.The pastes were screen printed onto Al2O3 substrates and sintered at 1400℃in argon varying the dwell time from 1 to 5 h.The printed pastes containing TiC and excess of Si exhibited the lowest surface roughness and after 5 h sintering comprised of Ti3SiC2 as the majority phase.The electrical conductivity of this sample was found to range from 4.63×10^(4)to 2.57×10^(5)S·m^(-1)in a temperature range of 25-400℃.展开更多
Facile preparation of additive-free inks with both high viscosity and high conductivity is critical for scalable screen printing of wireless electronics,yet very challenging.MXene materials exhibit excellent conductiv...Facile preparation of additive-free inks with both high viscosity and high conductivity is critical for scalable screen printing of wireless electronics,yet very challenging.MXene materials exhibit excellent conductivity and hydrophilicity,showing great potential in the field of additive-free inks for screen printing.Here,we demonstrate the synthesis of additive-free two-dimensional(2D)titanium carbide MXene inks,and realize screen-printed MXene wireless electronics for the first time.The viscosity of MXene ink is solely regulated by tuning the size of MXene nanosheet without any additives,hence rendering the printed MXene film extremely high conductivity of 1.67×10^(5) S/m and fine printing resolution down to 0.05 mm on various flexible substrates.Moreover,radio frequency identification(RFID)tags fabricated using the additive-free MXene ink via screen printing exhibit stable antenna reading performance and superb flexibility.This article,thus offers a new route for the efficient,low-cost and pollution-free manufacture of printable electronics based on additive-free MXene inks.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Key R@D Program of China (2016YFB0100100,2016YFA0200200)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (22125903,51872283,22075279,21805273,22005297,22005298)+7 种基金the Liao Ning Revitalization Talents Program (XLYC1807153)the CentralGovernment of Liaoning Province Guides The Funds for Local Science and Technology Development (2021JH6/10500112)the Dalian Innovation Support Plan for High Level Talents(2019RT09)the Dalian National Laboratory For Clean Energy(DNL)the CASDNL Cooperation Fund,CAS (DNL201912,DNL201915,DNL202016,DNL202019)DICP (DICP ZZBS201708,DICP ZZBS201802,DICP I2020032)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2019M661141,2020M680995)。
文摘Screen printing is regarded as a highly competitive manufacture technology for scalable and fast fabrication of printed microelectronics, owing to its advanced merits of low-cost, facile operability and scalability.However, its large-scale application in printed microelectronics is still limited by screen printing functional ink. In this review, we summarize the recent advances of ink formation, typical scalable applications, and challenging perspectives of screen printing for emerging printed microelectronics. Firstly, we introduce the major mechanism of screen printing and the formation of different organic-and aqueous-based inks by various solvents and binders. Next, we review the most widely used applications of screen printing technique in micro-batteries, micro-supercapacitors and micro-sensors, demonstrative of wide applicability.Finally, the perspectives and future challenges in the sight of screen printing are briefly discussed.
基金supported financially by the Joint Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. U1601213)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51601005)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
文摘Flexible electrode films play critical and fundamental roles in the successful development of flexible electronic devices. In this study, carbon nanotubes（CNTs） were implanted into silver（Ag） ink to enhance the electrical conductivity and the reliability of the printed Ag electrode films. The fabricated carbon nanotubes-enriched silver（Ag-CNTs） electrode films were printed on the polyimide substrates by a facile screen printing method and sintered at a relatively low temperature. The resistivity of Ag-CNTs films was decreased by 62.27% compared with the pure Ag film. Additionally, the Ag-CNTs films exhibited excellent flexibility under a bending radius of 4 mm（strain ε = 2.09%） over 1000 cycles. Furthermore, the Ag-CNTs film displayed unchangeable electrical conductivity together with a strong adhesion after an accelerated aging test with 500 thermal shock cycles. These improvements were attributed to the AgCNTs interconnected network structure, which can provide electronic transmission channels and prevent cracks from initiating and propagating.
基金supported by the International Joint Research Center for Biomass Chemistry and Materials,Shaanxi International Science and Technology Cooperation Base(2018GHJD-19)the Shaanxi Key Industry Innovation Chain Projects(2020ZDLGY11-03)+2 种基金the Science and Technology Plan of Weiyang District of Xi'an(201910)the Scientific Research Plan Projects of Shaanxi Education Department(19JK0131)The project was also supported by the Foundation of Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology of the Ministry of Education/Shandong Province of China(KF201814).
文摘Fractal-structured silver particles(FSSPs)are conductive materials with a micron-scale trunk and nanoscale branches,and are characterized with high electrical conductivity and high connectivity.In this study,FSSPs were added to an aqueous additive solution for synthesizing a conductive ink,which was used to prepare two types of printing electrodes via screen printing.The first type included two flexible printed electrodes(FPEs):an FPE on a polyethylene terephthalate(PET)film and an FPE on paper.The second one was a polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS)-embedded FPE.The PETbased FPE exhibited high electrochemical stability when its sheet resistance was 0.38Ω/sq for a 50%(w/w)content of FSSPs in the prepared conductive ink.Moreover,the embedded FPE demonstrated excellent mechanical properties and high chemical stability.In addition,the embedded structure was endowed with stretchability,which is important for different devices,such as flexible biomedical sensors and flexible electronics.
文摘’97 Wuhan International Screen Special Printing Technology Exhibition was held from May 21—24, 1997 in Wuhan city,the capital of Hubei Province. 120 famous exhibitors from China, USA, Canada, Holland, Japan, Korea, and Hong Kong, Taiwan districts attended the Exhibition. The booth area was more than 5000 m^2.
基金Project supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(51962006)the High-level Talents Research Initiation Project of JXUST(205200100545)+1 种基金the Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST(2022QNRC001)Jiangxi Natural Science Foundation of China(20224BAB214029,20232BAB204021)。
文摘Up-conversion(UC)luminescent materials doped with Ln^(3+)ions possess excellent optical properties and extensive applications in the formulation of multifunctional fluorescence ink.Printing technology offers various methods for the preparation of UC fluorescent inks.This study introduced the optical properties of luminescent materials doped with Ln^(3+)ions,including luminescence characteristics and spectral characteristics,which provide a basis for the subsequent printing process.We also reviewed different printing techniques,including direct writing,screen printing,laser printing,inkjet printing,and aerosol jet printing(AJP),developed so far in the literature and explored the printing process of ink characteristics.However,the printing process of inks was explored and their potential for various applications was maximized.Therefore,the printing technology of UC fluorescent inks still faces challenges in different aspects.This review also points out the direction for future in-depth research,which is expected to promote further development and innovation in the field.
基金the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)Grant funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT(No.2021R1A2C1009926)“Basic project(referring to projects performed with the budget directly contributed by the Government to achieve the purposes of establishment of Government-funded research Institutes)”+3 种基金supported by the KOREA RESEARCH INSTITUTE of CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY(KRICT)(SS2042-10)Basic research project(Project:21-3212-1)of the Korea institute of GeoscienceMineral resources funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT of Koreaby Nanomedical Devices Development Project of NNFC in 2021.
文摘Conductive inks based on graphene materials have received significant attention for the fabrication of a wide range of printed and flexible devices.However,the application of graphene fillers is limited by their restricted mass production and the low concentration of their suspensions.In this study,a highly concentrated and conductive ink based on defect-free graphene was developed by a scalable fluid dynamics process.A high shear exfoliation and mixing process enabled the production of graphene at a high concentration of 47.5 mg mL^(−1)for graphene ink.The screen-printed graphene conductor exhibits a high electrical conductivity of 1.49×10^(4)S m^(−1)and maintains high conductivity under mechanical bending,compressing,and fatigue tests.Based on the as-prepared graphene ink,a printed electrochemical sodium ion(Na^(+))sensor that shows high potentiometric sensing performance was fabricated.Further,by integrating a wireless electronic module,a prototype Na^(+)-sensing watch is demonstrated for the real-time monitoring of the sodium ion concentration in human sweat during the indoor exercise of a volunteer.The scalable and efficient procedure for the preparation of graphene ink presented in this work is very promising for the low-cost,reproducible,and large-scale printing of flexible and wearable electronic devices.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under Grant number CUSF-DHD-2018026 and 2232019G-02。
文摘As a critical component for the realization of flexible electronics,multifunctional electronic textiles(etextiles)still struggle to achieve controllable printing accuracy,excellent flexibility,decent washability and simple manufacturing.The printing process of conductive ink plays an important role in manufacturing e-textiles and meanwhile is also the main source of printing defects.In this work,we report the preparation of fully flexible and washable textile-based conductive circuits with screen-printing method based on novel-developed UV-curing conductive ink that contains low temperature and fast cure features.This work systematically investigated the correlation between ink formulation,rheological properties,screen printability on fabric substrates,and the electrical properties of the e-textile made thereafter.The rheological behaviors,including the thixotropic behavior and oscillatory stress sweep of the conductive inks was found depending heavily on the polymer to diluent ratio in the formulation.Subsequently,the rheological response of the inks during screen printing showed determining influence to their printability on textile,that the proper control of ink base viscosity,recovery time and storage/loss modulus is key to ensure the uniformity of printed conductive lines and therefore the electrical conductivity of fabricated e-textiles.A formulation with 24 wt%polymer and 10.8 wt%diluent meets all these stringent requirements.The conductive lines with 1.0 mm width showed exceptionally low resistivity of 2.06×10^(-5)Ωcm Moreover,the conductive lines presented excellent bending tolerance,and there was no significant change in the sample electrical resistance during 10 cycles of washing and drying processes.It is believed that these novel findings and the promising results of the prepared product will provide the basic guideline to the ink formulation design and applications for screen-printing electronics textiles.
文摘In this study, indoor air quality （IAQ） assessments were carried out in a screen printing facility. The air sampling was conducted in press department, including two different types of screen printing machines： semi-automatic and automatic. Air samples were collected and analyzed in situ for 4 times, once per 2 hours, during working time of 8 hours. Analysis of the experimental data showed that ambient ozone concentrations slowly increases with the increasing of TVOCs concentration and intensive use of UV lamps during automatic screen printing process. Therefore, the detected concentration levels of ozone and VOCs were compared with the Occupational Safety and Health Administration （OSHA） and Serbian Regulation. Comparison of the two mentioned standard regulations, the ozone concentrations in indoor printing air were from 0.83 to 8.1 and 2.4 to 16.2 times higher in the relation to the prescribed PEL and maximum allowed concentration （MAC） values, respectively, while the concentrations of particular VOCs were much below the PEL prescribed by the OSHA.
基金partially supported by theénergies du Futur Carnot Institute(Investissements d’Avenir-grant agreement No.ANR-11-CARN-030-01)the facilities of the Tek Li Cell platform funded by the Région Rhone-Alpes(ERDF:European Regional Development Fund)
文摘Free organic solvent ink containing graphite, carboxymethyl cellulose and microfibrillated cellulose as active material, dispersing and binder, respectively, has been formulated to produce flexible and eco- sustainable electrodes for lithium ion batteries. Content ratio of components and dispersion protocol were tailored in order to have theological properties suitable for a large and cheap manufacturing process as well as screen printing. The bio-sourced printed electrodes exhibit a high porosity value of 70% that limits the electrochemical performances. However, the calendering process enhances electrode performances by increasing the reversible capacity from 85 until 315 mAh/g and reducing porosity to an optimal value of 34%. Moreover the introduction of 2% w/w of monofluoro-ethylene carbonate in the electrolyte reduced their reversible capacity loss of 11% in the printed electrode.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51405079)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China(No.2015M570307)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,Chinathe Jiangsu Planned Projects for Postdoctoral Research Funds,China
文摘Compared with bar code and quick response( QR) code in the storage and retailing management of textiles, the ultra-high frequency( UHF) radio frequency identification( RFID) tags have high information capacity as well as reliability in complex environmental conditions. In this study,the UHF RFID tags with perfect integration with textiles are assembled with screen-printed antenna on woven water-mark nylon fabric and Alien UHF integrated circuit( IC), and their reading performance under various washing and bending conditions is evaluated by an RFID reader. The results show that the tags after fifty bending( both arch and sink) cycles of screen-printed antenna still have reading distance more than 5.5 m,and an average reading distance is over 4.0 m after five washing cycles. The experimental results demonstrate that the tag antenna on the water-mark fabric can be manufactured by the screen-printing technology,and a coating process on this fabric facilitates the reading performance and the resistance against complex mechanical impact.
文摘The current work focuses on the development of a sensitive and selective electrochemical device based on a graphite screen printed electrode modified with Dy2（WO4）3 nanoparticles（DWO/SPE） for the analysis of epinephrine in samples also containing acetylcholine. The study proves that the sensor has excellent electron-mediating behavior in the oxidation of epinephrine in a 0.1 mol/L phosphate buffer solution（PBS）（pH 7.0）. The application of the DWO/SPE in differential pulse voltammetry（DPV） is found to lead to distinct response for the oxidation of epinephrine and acetylcholine, with the potentials of the epinephrine and acetylcholine peaks（△Ep） to be 550 mV apart. The detection limits of the method for epinephrine and acetylcholine are 0.5 and 0.7 μmol/L（S/N = 3） and the responses are found to be linear in the concentration ranges of 1.0-900.0 μmol/L and 1.0-1200.0 μmol/L in a PBS buffer（pH = 7.0）respectively. The modified electrode was used for the detection of epinephrine and acetylcholine in real samples and found to produce satisfactory results. These results can be a proof that Dy2（WO4）3 nanoparticles can find promising applications in electrochemical sensors to be used for the analysis of（bio）chemical species.
文摘In order to address the current inability of screen printing to monitor printing pressure online,an online printing pressure monitoring system applied to screen printing machines was designed in this study.In this study,the consistency of printed electrodes was measured by using a confocal microscope and the pressure distribution detected by online pressure monitoring system was compared to investigate the relationship.The results demonstrated the relationship between printing pressure and the consistency of printed electrodes.As printing pressure increases,the ink layer at the corresponding position becomes thicker and that higher printing pressure enhances the consistency of the printed electrodes.The experiment confirms the feasibility of the online pressure monitoring system,which aids in predicting and controlling the consistency of printed electrodes,thereby improving their performance.
文摘In the printing industry,the common method of coloring relies on inks,which contains amounts of chemical agents,causing environment pollution.However,structural color achieves coloration through the refraction and diffraction of light by periodic structure,offering eco-friendly and fade-resistant advantages,as well as colorful.In this study,screen printing was used to create patterned mask on paper substrates.Then,coated SiO_(2)microspheres on the mask to create structural color patterns with angle-dependent color characteristics.The patterns showed color changes from rose-red to orange to green by changing the viewing angle.By changing the color grayscale,the absorption of stray light by the substrate was enhanced,thereby the brightness and saturation of the structural color improved too.This method is simple,cost-effective,and environmentally friendly,and it has highly promising for the application in printing and anti-counterfeiting.
基金supported by the Shanxi Province Central Guidance Fund for Local Science and Technology Development Project(YDZJSX2024D030)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22075197,22278290)+2 种基金the Shanxi Province Key Research and Development Program Project(2021020660301013)the Shanxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(202103021224079)the Research and Development Project of Key Core and Common Technology of Shanxi Province(20201102018).
文摘The advancement of planar micro-supercapacitors(PMSCs)for micro-electromechanical systems(MEMS)has been significantly hindered by the challenge of achieving high energy and power densities.This study addresses this issue by leveraging screen-printing technology to fabricate high-performance PMSCs using innovative composite ink.The ink,a synergistic blend of few-layer graphene(Gt),carbon black(CB),and NiCo_(2)O_(4),was meticulously mixed to form a conductive and robust coating that enhanced the capacitive performance of the PMSCs.The optimized ink formulation and printing process result in a micro-supercapacitor with an exceptional areal capacitance of 18.95 mF/cm^(2)and an areal energy density of 2.63μW·h/cm^(2)at a current density of 0.05 mA/cm^(2),along with an areal power density of 0.025 mW/cm^(2).The devices demonstrated impressive durability with a capacitance retention rate of 94.7%after a stringent 20000-cycle test,demonstrating their potential for long-term applications.Moreover,the PMSCs displayed excellent mechanical flexibility,with a capacitance decrease of only 3.43%after 5000 bending cycles,highlighting their suitability for flexible electronic devices.The ease of integrating these PMSCs into series and parallel configurations for customized power further underscores their practicality for integrated power supply solutions in various technologies.
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grants funded by the Ministry of Science,ICT and Future Planning(MSIT)(RS-2024-00408989,RS-2023-00278906,and RS-2023-00217661)the Center for Universitywide Research Facilities(CURF)at Jeonbuk National University for High-Resolution In Vivo Micro-Computed Tomography(Skyscan 1276,BRUKER).
文摘A wearable health monitoring system is a promising device for opening the era of the fourth industrial revolution due to increasing interest in health among modern people.Wearable health monitoring systems were demonstrated by several researchers,but still have critical issues of low performance,inefficient and complex fabrication processes.Here,we present the world’s first wearable multifunctional health monitoring system based on flash-induced porous graphene(FPG).FPG was efficiently synthesized via flash lamp,resulting in a large area in four milliseconds.Moreover,to demonstrate the sensing performance of FPG,a wearable multifunctional health monitoring system was fabricated onto a single substrate.A carbon nanotube-polydimethylsiloxane(CNT-PDMS)nanocomposite electrode was successfully formed on the uneven FPG surface using screen printing.The performance of the FPG-based wearable multifunctional health monitoring system was enhanced by the large surface area of the 3D-porous structure FPG.Finally,the FPG-based wearable multifunctional health monitoring system effectively detected motion,skin temperature,and sweat with a strain GF of 2564.38,a linear thermal response of 0.98Ω℃^(-1) under the skin temperature range,and a low ion detection limit of 10μM.
基金provided by the Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Solar Energy Technologies Office under contract No.DEEE0010501。
文摘Screen printing using metal particle pastes,the current photovoltaic industry metallization standard,provides fast and reliable metal grids for silicon solar cells.Recently,metal complex or reactive metal inks are attracting research interest due to their significantly low cost and higher performance compared to traditional nanoparticle silver pastes.In this work,we demonstrate,for the first time,screen-printed high-efficiency silicon heterojunction solar cells metallized by silver metal complex inks on industrial G1-size(158.75×158.75 mm^(2))wafers.
基金The authors thank the Central Laboratory of Electronic Microscopy(LCME-UFSC)and the multiuser facility LDRX at UFSC.This study was financed in part by the Coordena^ao de Aperfei^oamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior-Brazil(CAPES)-Finance Code 001,under Project number 88881.310728/2018-01 and by the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development(CNPq-Brazil),Project number PVE-CNPq-407102/2013-2.
文摘This work reports on the development of pastes containing Ti,TiC,Si,and C elementary powders for in situ synthesis of Ti3SiC2 via screen printing.Four paste compositions were manufactured using two powder mixtures(Ti/Si/C and Ti/TiC/Si/C)with different stoichiometry.The pastes were screen printed onto Al2O3 substrates and sintered at 1400℃in argon varying the dwell time from 1 to 5 h.The printed pastes containing TiC and excess of Si exhibited the lowest surface roughness and after 5 h sintering comprised of Ti3SiC2 as the majority phase.The electrical conductivity of this sample was found to range from 4.63×10^(4)to 2.57×10^(5)S·m^(-1)in a temperature range of 25-400℃.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22279097)the Hainan Provincial Joint Project of Sanya Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City(No.520LH054)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(WUT:2021IVA66).
文摘Facile preparation of additive-free inks with both high viscosity and high conductivity is critical for scalable screen printing of wireless electronics,yet very challenging.MXene materials exhibit excellent conductivity and hydrophilicity,showing great potential in the field of additive-free inks for screen printing.Here,we demonstrate the synthesis of additive-free two-dimensional(2D)titanium carbide MXene inks,and realize screen-printed MXene wireless electronics for the first time.The viscosity of MXene ink is solely regulated by tuning the size of MXene nanosheet without any additives,hence rendering the printed MXene film extremely high conductivity of 1.67×10^(5) S/m and fine printing resolution down to 0.05 mm on various flexible substrates.Moreover,radio frequency identification(RFID)tags fabricated using the additive-free MXene ink via screen printing exhibit stable antenna reading performance and superb flexibility.This article,thus offers a new route for the efficient,low-cost and pollution-free manufacture of printable electronics based on additive-free MXene inks.
