Mechanoluminescent materials that convert mechanical stimuli to light emission have attracted extensive attention for potential applications in human-machine interactions. Here, we report a simple and available novel ...Mechanoluminescent materials that convert mechanical stimuli to light emission have attracted extensive attention for potential applications in human-machine interactions. Here, we report a simple and available novel approach for the oxygen-assisted preparation of ZnS：Mn particles by solid-state reaction at atmospheric pressure without the formation of the corresponding oxides. The existence of O2 has a positive impact on the formation of S vacancies in wurtzite-phase ZnS, leading to the introduction of Mn2＋ ion luminescent centers and shallow donor levels, which can improve the electron-hole recombination rate. The O2 ratio and Mn2＋ ion doping concentration have significant effects on the luminous efficienc）5 which is optimal at 1%-20% and 1 at.%-2 at.% respectively. In addition, a device based on the piezo-photonic effect with excellent pressure sensitivity of 0.032 MPa-1 was fabricated, which can map the two-dimensional pressure distribution ranging from 2.2 to 40.6 MPa in situ. This device can be applied to real-time pressure mapping, smart sensor networks, high-level security systems, human-machine interfaces, and artificial skins.展开更多
Accurate plantar pressure mapping systems with low dependence on the external power supply are highly desired for preventative healthcare and medical diagnosis.Herein,we propose a self-powered smart insole system that...Accurate plantar pressure mapping systems with low dependence on the external power supply are highly desired for preventative healthcare and medical diagnosis.Herein,we propose a self-powered smart insole system that can perform both static and dynamic plantar pressure mapping with high accuracy.The smart insole system integrates an insole-shaped sensing unit,a multi-channel data acquisition board,and a data storage module.The smart insole consists of a 44-pixel sensor array based on triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs)to transduce pressure to the electrical signal.By optimizing the sensor architecture and the system's robustness,the smart insole achieves high sensitivity,good error-tolerance capability,excellent durability,and short response–recovery time.Various gait and mobility patterns,such as standing,introversion/extraversion,throwing,and surpassing obstacles,can be distin-guished by analyzing the acquired electrical signals.This work paves the way for self-powered wearable devices for gait monitoring,which might enable a new modality of medical diagnosis.展开更多
Alteration of the effective seat tube angle(ESTA)may affect muscle activation patterns of the lower limbs in cycling.There is conflicting evidence due to inadequate kinematic controls in previous studies.The primary a...Alteration of the effective seat tube angle(ESTA)may affect muscle activation patterns of the lower limbs in cycling.There is conflicting evidence due to inadequate kinematic controls in previous studies.The primary aim of this study was to determine the muscle activity of seven lower limb muscles during alterations of the ESTA by altering the position of both the handlebars and saddle forwards or backwards by 3 cm while ensuring controlled kinematics.Secondly,to determine the effect on the saddle pressure indexes.Ten participants performed two 5 min electromyography(EMG)trials at 70%of peak power output(PPO)for three consecutive visits.There was a significant increase in muscle activity in the biceps femoris,gluteus maximus,and medial gastrocnemius with reductions in ESTA while a significant increase in tibialis anterior with increases in ESTA was observed.Saddle pressure indices demonstrated a significant change in frontal versus back pressure as well as mean pubic pressure with changes in ESTA.Alteration in the ESTA affects muscle activity in some,but not all of the lower limb muscles.Further research needs to be conducted to adequately understand the mechanism behind the differences in muscle activation.展开更多
Flexible,compact,lightweight and sustainable power sources are indispensable for modern wearable and personal electronics and small-unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs).Hierarchical honeycomb has the unique merits of compac...Flexible,compact,lightweight and sustainable power sources are indispensable for modern wearable and personal electronics and small-unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs).Hierarchical honeycomb has the unique merits of compact mesostructures,excellent energy absorption properties and considerable weight to strength ratios.Herein,a honeycomb-inspired triboelectric nanogenerator(h-TENG)is proposed for biomechanical and UAV morphing wing energy harvesting based on contact triboelectrification wavy surface of cellular honeycomb structure.The wavy surface comprises a multilayered thin film structure(combining polyethylene terephthalate,silver nanowires and fluorinated ethylene propylene)fabricated through high-temperature thermoplastic molding and wafer-level bonding process.With superior synchronization of large amounts of energy generation units with honeycomb cells,the manufactured h-TENG prototype produces the maximum instantaneous open-circuit voltage,short-circuit current and output power of 1207 V,68.5μA and 12.4 mW,respectively,corresponding to a remarkable peak power density of 0.275 mW cm^(−3)(or 2.48 mW g^(−1))under hand pressing excitations.Attributed to the excellent elastic property of self-rebounding honeycomb structure,the flexible and transparent h-TENG can be easily pressed,bent and integrated into shoes for real-time insole plantar pressure mapping.The lightweight and compact h-TENG is further installed into a morphing wing of small UAVs for efficiently converting the flapping energy of ailerons into electricity for the first time.This research demonstrates this new conceptualizing single h-TENG device’s versatility and viability for broad-range real-world application scenarios.展开更多
Background Whether mean arterial pressure(MAP)and pulse pressure(PP),two indicators of cerebral perfusion,could guide the selection of anti-hypertensive strategies after acute ischaemic stroke remains uncertain.Our st...Background Whether mean arterial pressure(MAP)and pulse pressure(PP),two indicators of cerebral perfusion,could guide the selection of anti-hypertensive strategies after acute ischaemic stroke remains uncertain.Our study was to explore the impact of early anti-hypertensive intervention on adverse clinical outcomes following ischaemic stroke stratified by the levels of MAP and PP based on the China Antihypertensive Trial in Acute Ischemic Stroke(CATIS).Methods The trial randomised 4071 acute ischaemic stroke patients with elevated systolic blood pressure(SBP)to receive anti-hypertensive treatment(targeting a 10%-25%reduction in SBP during the 24 hours postrandomisation,reaching a BP level<140/90 mm Hg in 7 days,further keeping these levels throughout hospitalisation)or discontinue anti-hypertensive treatment during hospitalisation.The primary outcome was death or major disability at 14 days or hospital discharge.Study outcomes were analysed by comparing the BP-lowering intervention group and control group,stratified by tertiles of MAP or PP levels.Results No significant difference was observed in the primary outcome between the intervention and control groups across all MAP(p=0.69 for homogeneity)and PP(p=0.78 for homogeneity)categories.The corresponding odds ratios(95%CIs)were 1.08(0.85-1.36),0.92(0.74-1.15)and 1.00(0.81-1.25)for participants with low,intermediate,and high MAP and were 0.99(0.79-1.25),1.06(0.84-1.34)and 0.95(0.77-1.18)for participants in PP subgroups,respectively.Furthermore,early anti-hypertensive intervention was not associated with secondary outcomes(including neurological deterioration,recurrent stroke,vascular events and all-cause mortality)by MAP and PP(all p>0.05).Conclusions Early anti-hypertensive therapy neither decreased nor increased the odds of major disability,mortality,recurrent stroke or vascular events in patients with acute ischaemic stroke regardless of different MAP and PP levels.展开更多
Objective To test the following three hypotheses: ①plasma sodium concentration displays a 24-hour rhythm; ②the circadian rhythm of plasma sodium is disrupted in SHR fed a basal NaCl diet; ③high NaCl diet elevates ...Objective To test the following three hypotheses: ①plasma sodium concentration displays a 24-hour rhythm; ②the circadian rhythm of plasma sodium is disrupted in SHR fed a basal NaCl diet; ③high NaCl diet elevates plasma sodium concentration and may lead to an increase in mean arterial pressure (MAP) of SHR. Methods After having been instrumented with arterial catheter at 9 weeks of age, all rats (Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat, SHR; Wistar-Kyoto Rat, WKY) experienced two experimental protocols, the mean arterial pressure and heart rate were monitored and the blood samples also been analysed for sodium contents. Results On basal NaCl diet, plasma sodium concentrations in SHR were significantly higher than those of WKY at almost every time point measured and the plasma sodium concentration and MAP rhythms were in nearly opposite phases; on high NaCl diet, the MAP and plasma sodium rhythms were essentially opposite in WKY. In SHR, the plasma sodium rhythm was inversely related to the MAP rhythm. Conclusion Plasma sodium displays a significant circadian rhythm in rats. The high NaCl diet disrupts the normal plasma sodium circadian rhythm only in SHR.展开更多
基金The authors are thankful for support from National Natural Science Foundation of China （Nos. 51622205, 61675027, 61405040, 51432005, 61505010, and 51502018）, National Key R ＆ D project from Minister of Science and Technology, China （No. 2016YFA0202703）, National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents （No. BX201600040）, China Postdoctoral Science Foundation Funded Project （No. 2016M600976） and the ＂Thousand Talents＂ program of China for pioneering researchers and innovative teams.
文摘Mechanoluminescent materials that convert mechanical stimuli to light emission have attracted extensive attention for potential applications in human-machine interactions. Here, we report a simple and available novel approach for the oxygen-assisted preparation of ZnS：Mn particles by solid-state reaction at atmospheric pressure without the formation of the corresponding oxides. The existence of O2 has a positive impact on the formation of S vacancies in wurtzite-phase ZnS, leading to the introduction of Mn2＋ ion luminescent centers and shallow donor levels, which can improve the electron-hole recombination rate. The O2 ratio and Mn2＋ ion doping concentration have significant effects on the luminous efficienc）5 which is optimal at 1%-20% and 1 at.%-2 at.% respectively. In addition, a device based on the piezo-photonic effect with excellent pressure sensitivity of 0.032 MPa-1 was fabricated, which can map the two-dimensional pressure distribution ranging from 2.2 to 40.6 MPa in situ. This device can be applied to real-time pressure mapping, smart sensor networks, high-level security systems, human-machine interfaces, and artificial skins.
基金Startup Funding from Local Government,Grant/Award Number:827/000544National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:51973119+4 种基金Program of the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation,Grant/Award Number:2022M712160Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:52150009Open Project of Key Lab of Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education,Henan University,Grant/Award Number:KFKT-2022-10High-Level University Construction Fund,Grant/Award Number:860-000002081205Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province,Grant/Award Number:2019A1515011566。
文摘Accurate plantar pressure mapping systems with low dependence on the external power supply are highly desired for preventative healthcare and medical diagnosis.Herein,we propose a self-powered smart insole system that can perform both static and dynamic plantar pressure mapping with high accuracy.The smart insole system integrates an insole-shaped sensing unit,a multi-channel data acquisition board,and a data storage module.The smart insole consists of a 44-pixel sensor array based on triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs)to transduce pressure to the electrical signal.By optimizing the sensor architecture and the system's robustness,the smart insole achieves high sensitivity,good error-tolerance capability,excellent durability,and short response–recovery time.Various gait and mobility patterns,such as standing,introversion/extraversion,throwing,and surpassing obstacles,can be distin-guished by analyzing the acquired electrical signals.This work paves the way for self-powered wearable devices for gait monitoring,which might enable a new modality of medical diagnosis.
文摘Alteration of the effective seat tube angle(ESTA)may affect muscle activation patterns of the lower limbs in cycling.There is conflicting evidence due to inadequate kinematic controls in previous studies.The primary aim of this study was to determine the muscle activity of seven lower limb muscles during alterations of the ESTA by altering the position of both the handlebars and saddle forwards or backwards by 3 cm while ensuring controlled kinematics.Secondly,to determine the effect on the saddle pressure indexes.Ten participants performed two 5 min electromyography(EMG)trials at 70%of peak power output(PPO)for three consecutive visits.There was a significant increase in muscle activity in the biceps femoris,gluteus maximus,and medial gastrocnemius with reductions in ESTA while a significant increase in tibialis anterior with increases in ESTA was observed.Saddle pressure indices demonstrated a significant change in frontal versus back pressure as well as mean pubic pressure with changes in ESTA.Alteration in the ESTA affects muscle activity in some,but not all of the lower limb muscles.Further research needs to be conducted to adequately understand the mechanism behind the differences in muscle activation.
基金This research is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China Grant(Nos.51705429&61801525)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,Guangdong Natural Science Funds Grant(2018A030313400)+1 种基金Space Science and Technology Foundation,111 Project No.B13044UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council(EPSRC)for support under grant EP/P018998/1,Newton Mobility Grant(IE161019)through Royal Society.
文摘Flexible,compact,lightweight and sustainable power sources are indispensable for modern wearable and personal electronics and small-unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs).Hierarchical honeycomb has the unique merits of compact mesostructures,excellent energy absorption properties and considerable weight to strength ratios.Herein,a honeycomb-inspired triboelectric nanogenerator(h-TENG)is proposed for biomechanical and UAV morphing wing energy harvesting based on contact triboelectrification wavy surface of cellular honeycomb structure.The wavy surface comprises a multilayered thin film structure(combining polyethylene terephthalate,silver nanowires and fluorinated ethylene propylene)fabricated through high-temperature thermoplastic molding and wafer-level bonding process.With superior synchronization of large amounts of energy generation units with honeycomb cells,the manufactured h-TENG prototype produces the maximum instantaneous open-circuit voltage,short-circuit current and output power of 1207 V,68.5μA and 12.4 mW,respectively,corresponding to a remarkable peak power density of 0.275 mW cm^(−3)(or 2.48 mW g^(−1))under hand pressing excitations.Attributed to the excellent elastic property of self-rebounding honeycomb structure,the flexible and transparent h-TENG can be easily pressed,bent and integrated into shoes for real-time insole plantar pressure mapping.The lightweight and compact h-TENG is further installed into a morphing wing of small UAVs for efficiently converting the flapping energy of ailerons into electricity for the first time.This research demonstrates this new conceptualizing single h-TENG device’s versatility and viability for broad-range real-world application scenarios.
基金funded by a Project of the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(Grant no-NA)Project of MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases and Immunology(JYN202406)+1 种基金Interdisciplinary Basic Frontier Innovation Program of Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University(YXY2302013)National Natural Science Foundation of China(82273706 and 82220108001).
文摘Background Whether mean arterial pressure(MAP)and pulse pressure(PP),two indicators of cerebral perfusion,could guide the selection of anti-hypertensive strategies after acute ischaemic stroke remains uncertain.Our study was to explore the impact of early anti-hypertensive intervention on adverse clinical outcomes following ischaemic stroke stratified by the levels of MAP and PP based on the China Antihypertensive Trial in Acute Ischemic Stroke(CATIS).Methods The trial randomised 4071 acute ischaemic stroke patients with elevated systolic blood pressure(SBP)to receive anti-hypertensive treatment(targeting a 10%-25%reduction in SBP during the 24 hours postrandomisation,reaching a BP level<140/90 mm Hg in 7 days,further keeping these levels throughout hospitalisation)or discontinue anti-hypertensive treatment during hospitalisation.The primary outcome was death or major disability at 14 days or hospital discharge.Study outcomes were analysed by comparing the BP-lowering intervention group and control group,stratified by tertiles of MAP or PP levels.Results No significant difference was observed in the primary outcome between the intervention and control groups across all MAP(p=0.69 for homogeneity)and PP(p=0.78 for homogeneity)categories.The corresponding odds ratios(95%CIs)were 1.08(0.85-1.36),0.92(0.74-1.15)and 1.00(0.81-1.25)for participants with low,intermediate,and high MAP and were 0.99(0.79-1.25),1.06(0.84-1.34)and 0.95(0.77-1.18)for participants in PP subgroups,respectively.Furthermore,early anti-hypertensive intervention was not associated with secondary outcomes(including neurological deterioration,recurrent stroke,vascular events and all-cause mortality)by MAP and PP(all p>0.05).Conclusions Early anti-hypertensive therapy neither decreased nor increased the odds of major disability,mortality,recurrent stroke or vascular events in patients with acute ischaemic stroke regardless of different MAP and PP levels.
文摘Objective To test the following three hypotheses: ①plasma sodium concentration displays a 24-hour rhythm; ②the circadian rhythm of plasma sodium is disrupted in SHR fed a basal NaCl diet; ③high NaCl diet elevates plasma sodium concentration and may lead to an increase in mean arterial pressure (MAP) of SHR. Methods After having been instrumented with arterial catheter at 9 weeks of age, all rats (Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat, SHR; Wistar-Kyoto Rat, WKY) experienced two experimental protocols, the mean arterial pressure and heart rate were monitored and the blood samples also been analysed for sodium contents. Results On basal NaCl diet, plasma sodium concentrations in SHR were significantly higher than those of WKY at almost every time point measured and the plasma sodium concentration and MAP rhythms were in nearly opposite phases; on high NaCl diet, the MAP and plasma sodium rhythms were essentially opposite in WKY. In SHR, the plasma sodium rhythm was inversely related to the MAP rhythm. Conclusion Plasma sodium displays a significant circadian rhythm in rats. The high NaCl diet disrupts the normal plasma sodium circadian rhythm only in SHR.
