The genus Adelphocoris（Hemiptera： Miridae） is a group of key insect pests in cotton fields in China that includes three dominant species： A. suturalis（Jakovlev）, A. lineolatus（Goeze） and A. fasciaticollis（Reu...The genus Adelphocoris（Hemiptera： Miridae） is a group of key insect pests in cotton fields in China that includes three dominant species： A. suturalis（Jakovlev）, A. lineolatus（Goeze） and A. fasciaticollis（Reuter）. Previous field surveys have found that adults of these Adelphocoris species usually move onto specific host plants when the plants enter the flowering stage. To determine the potential trade-offs for this host-plant preference behavior, the performance of these three Adelphocoris spp. on flowering and non-flowering cotton and alfalfa were compared in the laboratory. The results showed that Adelphocoris spp. had significantly higher nymphal developmental and survival rates, along with increased adult longevity and fecundity on flowering cotton and alfalfa than on non-flowering plants of either species. In addition, compared with cotton plants, alfalfa generally promoted better performance of these three Adelphocoris species, especially for A. lineolatus. Simple correlation analysis indicated that female adult longevity was positively correlated to male adult longevity and female fecundity, and female fecundity was positively correlated to nymphal development and survival rates. This study demonstrated a positive correlation between adult preference and offspring/adult performance for all three Adelphocoris species, with no evidence of any trade-offs for this preference for flowering host plants. These findings support the hypothesis that hemimetabolous insects such as mirid bugs have positive adult preference-adult/nymphal performance relationships, which is likely due to the similar feeding habits and nutritional requirements of adults and nymphs.展开更多
Oviposition preferences of plant-feeding predators remain a complex topic,as such omnivores choose oviposition sites by assessing both plant characteristics and the quality and quantity of nearby animal food sources.O...Oviposition preferences of plant-feeding predators remain a complex topic,as such omnivores choose oviposition sites by assessing both plant characteristics and the quality and quantity of nearby animal food sources.Orius predators are omnivores that oviposit endophytically,thus plant characteristics play an important role in their oviposition choices.In this study,we assessed the oviposition and foraging preferences of O.laevigatus and O.majusculus on vegetative and flowering chrysanthemum plants,and assessed the survival of their offspring on differently aged tissues.Our results show a preference of O.laevigatus for young and tender chrysanthemum tissues,where the survival of the nymphs was longer on a plant diet.In contrast,O.majusculus selected older plant parts when laying its eggs,and nymphs did not survive long on any of the plant tissues offered.The foraging activity of Orius females for animal prey(Ephestia kuehniella eggs)did not reveal any specific pattern for either of the two predators.Furthermore,we tested the plasticity of the within-plant oviposition preferences of O.laevigatus,by offering sentinel prey(E.kuehniella eggs)on distinct plant parts.We found that more eggs were laid in older plant tissue when animal prey was offered lower on the plant.Overall,our findings show that oviposition choices of Orius predators are based on a dynamic interplay between plant characteristics,presence of animal and/or floral food sources among other factors,and that differences may well occur between closely related species based on the importance of plant resources in their diet.展开更多
In this paper we tested the behavior of gravid Epiphyas postvittana in select- ing the most-appropriate site for oviposition thus benefitting offspring performance. Our hypothesis was built on Jaenike＇s preference-pe...In this paper we tested the behavior of gravid Epiphyas postvittana in select- ing the most-appropriate site for oviposition thus benefitting offspring performance. Our hypothesis was built on Jaenike＇s preference-performance hypothesis （also referred to as the ＂mother-knows-the-best＂ hypothesis）. To test this, we used the interacting Epiphyas postvittana, its host Vitis vinifera, and the pathogenic microbe Botrytis cinerea system. Populations ofE. postvittana and B. cinerea often exist concurrently on 14. vinifera in Aus- tralasia and their interaction and mutual influence are currently being explored, although the suggestion presently is that the relationship between E. postvittana and B. cinerea is mutualistic. We tested the effect of volatiles from B. cinerea-infected berries and unin- fected （control） berries of V. vinifera on the oviposition behavior of E. postvittana. We also characterized the effects of B. cinerea infection on the berries of V. vinifera on the growth and development of E. postvittana. Contrary to the preference-performance hy- pothesis, oviposition choices made by gravid E. postvittana did not result in the best offspring survival, development, and performance. The preference for oviposition by E. postvittana was strongly influenced by the olfactory and tactile cues. She laid fewer eggs on B. cinerea-infected berries compared to uninfected berries of V. vinifera. The larvae of E. postvittana showed no preference to uninfected berries of V. vinifera. The larvae fed on B. cinerea-infected berries of V. vinifera showing greater survival rate, shorter time to pupation, greater pupal mass, and on becoming adults they laid more numbers of eggs than the larvae that were enabled to feed on uninfected berries. The larvae of E. postvittana transport the conidia of B. cinerea and transmit grey-mould disease to uninfected berries of V. vinifera.展开更多
基金supported by the Special Fund for Agro-Scientific Research in the Public Interest, China (201103012)the National Basic Research Program of China (2012CB114104)
文摘The genus Adelphocoris（Hemiptera： Miridae） is a group of key insect pests in cotton fields in China that includes three dominant species： A. suturalis（Jakovlev）, A. lineolatus（Goeze） and A. fasciaticollis（Reuter）. Previous field surveys have found that adults of these Adelphocoris species usually move onto specific host plants when the plants enter the flowering stage. To determine the potential trade-offs for this host-plant preference behavior, the performance of these three Adelphocoris spp. on flowering and non-flowering cotton and alfalfa were compared in the laboratory. The results showed that Adelphocoris spp. had significantly higher nymphal developmental and survival rates, along with increased adult longevity and fecundity on flowering cotton and alfalfa than on non-flowering plants of either species. In addition, compared with cotton plants, alfalfa generally promoted better performance of these three Adelphocoris species, especially for A. lineolatus. Simple correlation analysis indicated that female adult longevity was positively correlated to male adult longevity and female fecundity, and female fecundity was positively correlated to nymphal development and survival rates. This study demonstrated a positive correlation between adult preference and offspring/adult performance for all three Adelphocoris species, with no evidence of any trade-offs for this preference for flowering host plants. These findings support the hypothesis that hemimetabolous insects such as mirid bugs have positive adult preference-adult/nymphal performance relationships, which is likely due to the similar feeding habits and nutritional requirements of adults and nymphs.
基金financially supported by a PhD grant to A.M.from Stimuflori(Amsterdam,the Netherlands,Project number:18.100).
文摘Oviposition preferences of plant-feeding predators remain a complex topic,as such omnivores choose oviposition sites by assessing both plant characteristics and the quality and quantity of nearby animal food sources.Orius predators are omnivores that oviposit endophytically,thus plant characteristics play an important role in their oviposition choices.In this study,we assessed the oviposition and foraging preferences of O.laevigatus and O.majusculus on vegetative and flowering chrysanthemum plants,and assessed the survival of their offspring on differently aged tissues.Our results show a preference of O.laevigatus for young and tender chrysanthemum tissues,where the survival of the nymphs was longer on a plant diet.In contrast,O.majusculus selected older plant parts when laying its eggs,and nymphs did not survive long on any of the plant tissues offered.The foraging activity of Orius females for animal prey(Ephestia kuehniella eggs)did not reveal any specific pattern for either of the two predators.Furthermore,we tested the plasticity of the within-plant oviposition preferences of O.laevigatus,by offering sentinel prey(E.kuehniella eggs)on distinct plant parts.We found that more eggs were laid in older plant tissue when animal prey was offered lower on the plant.Overall,our findings show that oviposition choices of Orius predators are based on a dynamic interplay between plant characteristics,presence of animal and/or floral food sources among other factors,and that differences may well occur between closely related species based on the importance of plant resources in their diet.
文摘In this paper we tested the behavior of gravid Epiphyas postvittana in select- ing the most-appropriate site for oviposition thus benefitting offspring performance. Our hypothesis was built on Jaenike＇s preference-performance hypothesis （also referred to as the ＂mother-knows-the-best＂ hypothesis）. To test this, we used the interacting Epiphyas postvittana, its host Vitis vinifera, and the pathogenic microbe Botrytis cinerea system. Populations ofE. postvittana and B. cinerea often exist concurrently on 14. vinifera in Aus- tralasia and their interaction and mutual influence are currently being explored, although the suggestion presently is that the relationship between E. postvittana and B. cinerea is mutualistic. We tested the effect of volatiles from B. cinerea-infected berries and unin- fected （control） berries of V. vinifera on the oviposition behavior of E. postvittana. We also characterized the effects of B. cinerea infection on the berries of V. vinifera on the growth and development of E. postvittana. Contrary to the preference-performance hy- pothesis, oviposition choices made by gravid E. postvittana did not result in the best offspring survival, development, and performance. The preference for oviposition by E. postvittana was strongly influenced by the olfactory and tactile cues. She laid fewer eggs on B. cinerea-infected berries compared to uninfected berries of V. vinifera. The larvae of E. postvittana showed no preference to uninfected berries of V. vinifera. The larvae fed on B. cinerea-infected berries of V. vinifera showing greater survival rate, shorter time to pupation, greater pupal mass, and on becoming adults they laid more numbers of eggs than the larvae that were enabled to feed on uninfected berries. The larvae of E. postvittana transport the conidia of B. cinerea and transmit grey-mould disease to uninfected berries of V. vinifera.
